Advanced Windows Presentation Foundation Application Performance Tuning and AnalysisBart J.F. De Smet and Eric HardingSoftware Development EngineersMicrosoft Corporation

{bartde,erichar}@microsoft.comblogs.bartdesmet.net/bart

CL11

> Unified presentation model for Windows applications, web applications, graphics/media/animation

> Integrated, vector-based compositing engine> Native support for advanced input> Support for declarative programming

> Markup for Windows> Build applications in simple declarative statements> Easy to learn, write, and read

> Code and content are separate> Streamline collaboration between designers and

developers > Easy for tools to consume and generate

Button b1 = new Button();b1.Content = "OK";b1.Background = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.LightBlue);b1.Width = 100;

<Button Width="100px"> OK <Button.Background> LightBlue </Button.Background></Button>

Dim b1 As New Buttonb1.Content = "OK"b1.Background = New SolidColorBrush(Colors.LightBlue)b1.Width = 100

WPF = Designer + Developer> Resource constraints> Drowning in effects> Excessive use of

images> “Rich” templates

> Loaded modules> Startup time> Memory leaks> Large element count

Composition = Power

Performance General TruthMeasure, measure, measure• Identify key scenarios and set clear goals• Start measuring early on representative hardware

Low hanging fruit• Let measurements be your guide• “Premature optimization is the root of all evil”

Perceived performance• Make it feel fast• “An art, not a science”

Trade-offs• CPU versus memory, etc• “To ship is to choose”

Fishb wlA sample by uxlabs@Microsoft> Dive into Facebook!

Fishbowl bringsFacebook to your desktop.> Stay Connected> View and Share Photos> Explore and Organize> Ready for Windows 7

> WPF 3.5 SP1 Application> www.fishbowlclient.com> www.codeplex.com/fishbowl

Fishbowl

Bart J.F. De SmetCasual Application Developer (CAD)Windows Presentation Foundation

demo

Taming Memory Usage

Eric HardingPerformance Guru (PG)Windows Presentation Foundation

demo

Performance Checklist

> Image size> Size in memory!

> Managed leaks> Allocation stack> (GC) root path

> Element count> Virtualization

Cold start

Warm start

Runtime

Memory

• Image size• Memory leaks• Element count

Cold Start

Eric HardingPerformance Guru (PG)Windows Presentation Foundation

demo

Performance Checklist

> All about disk I/O> Modules

> Need dependencies?

> Loaded at JIT time> Beware of inlining

> NGen> I/O versus CPU (JIT)> Better for warm

start

Cold start

Warm start

Runtime

Memory

• Disk I/O• Module loads• NGen

Warm Start

Eric HardingPerformance Guru (PG)Windows Presentation Foundation

demo

Performance Checklist

> All about CPU time> Avoid blocking

> Delay work if possible> Incremental loading

> Perception = key> Splash screen> Transition effects

Cold start

Warm start

Runtime

Memory

• Avoid blocking• Delay work• Perceived perf

Runtime

Eric HardingPerformance Guru (PG)Windows Presentation Foundation

demo

Performance Checklist

> IRTs> Effects, clips, opacity,

opacity mask> Bitmap effects (v3.x)

> Element count> Input and routed events

> In .NET 4.0> Cache composition

Cold start

Warm start

Runtime

Memory

• Excessive *.*• Beware of IRTs• Eventing

Runtime Best Practices> Don’t block the UI thread> Virtualize when needed

> UI virtualization> Data virtualization

> Freeze your freezables!> No change notification callbacks

> Hardware versus software> RDP, virtual machines, old hardware> RenderCapability.Tier> Reduce frame rate, animations, 3D

Lessons Learned• Excessive *.*• Beware of IRTs• Eventing

• Avoid blocking• Delay work• Perceived perf

• Disk I/O• Module loads• NGen

• Image size• Memory leaks• Element count

Composition + Measurement = PowerMemory Cold start Warm start Runtime

Resources> Windows SDK Perf Tools

> bing.com/search?q=windows+sdk> SysInternals tools

> www.sysinternals.com> SciTech .NET Memory Profiler

> www.memprofiler.com> WPF performance @ MSDN

> bing.com/search?q=wpf+performance+msdn> Performance Blogs

> WPF – blogs.msdn.com/jgoldb> .NET – blogs.msdn.com/ricom

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© 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.