Advanced Placement United States History Unit I: The Colonial Era (1607-1763) Objective Questions   1. A central theme of the Puritan Ethic is its emphasis on: (A) world economic dependency on the institution of slavery. (B) the mobility of America's class structure. (C) the damaging effects of slavery on the South's economy. (D) patriotism and the glorification of the American nation. (E) hard work, thrift, and sobriety as signs of election.   2. In colonial America the enlightened view that reason can solve humanity's problems helps explain the: (A) early growth of New England education. (B) eighteenth century belief in Deism. (C) lack of public libraries. (D) Puritan and Quaker attitudes toward slavery. (E) curriculum of higher education.   3. The competition for North American territory was a major cause of: (A) the Mexican-American War. (B) the French and Indian War. (C) the Revolutionary War. (D) the Civil War. (E) the War of 1812.   4. To promote public libraries and the study of philosophy in colonial America was a major objective of the: (A) Moravian Community in colonial Pennsylvania. (B) Knickerbocker magazine of the 1840's. (C) Rappites and Shakers. (D) American Phrenological Journal in the 1840's. *(E) Philadelphia Junto Club.   5. A major objective of the New England Transcendentalists was to: (A) expand humanity's vision of itself by stressing individual initiative. (B) subject the community to the moral and political leadership of a few. (C) promote the ideals of economic and political equality. (D) raise the public's consciousness concerning the immorality of slavery. (E) promote public awareness of the bad effects of alcohol by urging sobriety.   6. Who among the following was the first to circumnavigate the world, although he died on route? (A) Juan Ponce de Leon. (B) Francisco Vasquez de Coronado (C) Giovanni da Verrazano (D) Hernando de Soto (E) Ferdinand Magellan   7. All of the following are characteristics of the Puritans EXCEPT: (A) a belief in hard work, sobriety, and material success. (B) a respect for education. (C) a belief that intellectual leadership is supplied by the clergy. (D) a disbelief in Democracy. (E) a toleration of other religious beliefs.   8. A central objective of John Rolfe was: (A) to encourage centralization and cooperation. (B) to increase the wealth of the mother country. (C) to keep the colonies friendly. (D) to develop the fur trade. (E) to encourage the Virginia tobacco crop.   9. During colonial times, the Congregationalists settled in: (A) Pennsylvania. (B) New York. (C) New Jersey. (D) New England. (E) Maryland.  

10. A central objective of the early New England Puritan leadership was to: (A) establish religious liberty for all. (B) eliminate the use of alcohol and tobacco. (C) eliminate any distinction between church and state. (D) reproduce the ecclesiastical structure of the Church of England. (E) establish the moral authority of the community over individual self-interest..  11. A region near a bay is called the: (A) fall line. (B) Great Divide. (C) tidewater. (D) Appalachians. (E) Piedmont.   12. All of the following were religious leaders during colonial times EXCEPT: (A) William Ellery Channing. (B) Benjamin Rush. (C) John Woolman. (D) Cotton Mather. (E) George Whitefield.   13. A tidewater refers to: (A) a plain in the eastern region of the United States. (B) an area where the directional flow of rivers changes. (C) the major eastern mountain range. (D) a region near a bay. (E) the navigability of rivers.   14. Who among the following discovered Florida while searching for the legendary "Fountain of Youth?" (A) Francisco Vasquez de Coronado (B) Juan Ponce de Leon * (C) Ferdinand Magellan (D) Giovanni da Verranzano (E) Hernando de Soto   15. The First Great Awakening was: (A) a religious revival that occurred throughout the American colonies. (B) a slave rebellion in colonial South Carolina. (C) an eighteenth century religious movement among Native Americans (Indians) dedicated to reaffirming traditional values. (D) the flowering of Enlightment political thought in colonial America. (E) an early colonial protest against English imperial policy.   16. Which of the following MOST ACCURATELY describes the attitude of seventeenth century Puritans toward religious liberty? (A) Having suffered persecution in England, they extended toleration to everyone. (B) The tolerated no one whose expressed religious views varied from their own views. (C) They tolerated all Protestant sects, but not Catholics. (D) They tolerated Catholics, but not Quakers. (E) They had no coherent views on religious liberty.   17. Which of the following is a correct statement about the use of slave labor in colonial Virginia? (A) It was forced on reluctant white Virginians by profit-minded English merchants and the mercantilist officials of the Crown. (B) It was the first case in which Europeans enslaved Blacks. (C) It fulfilled the original plans of the Virginia Company. (D) It first occurred after the invention of Eli Whitney's cotton gin, which greatly stimulated the demand for low-cost labor. (E) It spread rapidly in the late seventeenth century, as blacks displaced white indentured servants in the tobacco fields.   18. The French and Indian War was a pivotal point in America's relationship to Great Britain because it led Great Britain to: (A) encourage colonial manufactures. (B) impose revenue taxes on the colonies. (C) ignore the colonies. (D) restrict immigration from England. (E) grant increased colonial self-government.   19. Deists of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries believed that: (A) natural laws, set by the Creator, govern the operation of the universe. (B) prayer has the power to make significant changes in a person's life. (C) the idea of God is merely the childish imagining of simple minds. (D) the universe was created by a natural, spontaneous combining of elements. (E) intuition rather than reason leads human beings to an awareness of the divine.  

20. The mercantilist system in the eighteenth century led to: (A) the restriction of governmental intervention in the economy. (B) the protection of Native Americans (Indians) from European economic exploitations. (C) the expansion of colonial manufacturing. (D) the subordination of the colonial economy to that of the mother country. (E) noncompetitive commercial relations among nations.   21. The tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy were distinctive in that they: (A) were less militant than other Native American (Indian) tribes. (B) all allied themselves with the American colonists against Great Britain during the Revolutionary War. (C) successfully resisted incorporation into the English fur-trading system. (D) were converted to Anglicanism. (E) formed the most important Native American political organization to confront the colonists.   22. According to a current widely accepted hypothesis , which of the following was common to all of the native peoples of North and South America before 1492? (A) Accurate astronomical calendars. (B) Domestication of wild horses. (C) Rotation of agricultural crops. (D) Descent from Asian peoples. (E) Mining of gold and silver.   23. In the creation of which of the following colonies was commercial profit the first and foremost motive? (A) Connecticut (B) Maryland (C) Virginia (D) Pennsylvania (E) Rhode Island   24. Great Britain's conquest of French North America was facilitated by which of the following? (A) The large number of English-speaking settlers in Canada. (B) The discovery of the Northwest Passage. (C) The thin settlement of France's North American colonies. (D) The munitions industry in England's Atlantic Seaboard colonies. (E) The Battle of Austerlitz.  

25. Benjamin Franklin's advice to eighteenth century American colonists that hard work and thrift would lead them to wealth was an appropriate formula for the time because: (A) taxes on income were needed by the government to raise revenues. (B) land scarcity and a rapidly growing population seriously curtailed economic opportunities. (C) most people of the period were unusually gullible and thus easily motivated by slogans and proverbs. (D) formal education and specialized skills were less necessary to economic success than they would later become. (E) legal restraints on the inheritance of wealth were increasing.    

Advanced Placement United States History' Unit I: The Colonial Era (1607-1763) Sample Objective Exam   Key    1. E  2. B  3. B  4. E  5. A  6. E  7. E  8. E  9. D 10. E 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. E 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. E 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. D  

Advanced Placement United States History

Unit I: "The Colonial Era (1607-1763)

Essay Questions

Directions: Answer the following question based upon the criteria established in evaluating essays. You will have 45 minutes to complete this part of the test so use your time wisely!!! You should spend 7 minutes on the "outline", 4 minutes on the "introduction", 30 minutes on the "body" of the essay, and 4 minutes on the "conclusion". Make certain to show a "relationship" between the "crux" of this question and some other time period in America history (consensus) in you conclusion. Be sure to cite relevant historical evidence to substantiate your generalizations and to illustrate your answer. Use information from the supplementary reading where appropriate.

1. "The geographical conditions of the three major areas of English settlement in America -- New England, the Middle Colonies, and the South -- account for the differences in the colonial way of life in these three areas."   Assess the validity of this statement..   2. "Before 1763 British mercantilist policy, while restricting colonial economic development, allowed colonial life to develop unhampered by the Mother Country."   Assess the validity of this statement..   3. "The colonial wars fought between the British and the French for domination of the North American continent created a sense of national spirit among the British colonies and created the basis for later unity."   Assess the validity of this statement..   4. "Besides unleashing a series of events that improved man's material prospects, the discovery of (of America) also advanced man's spiritual prospects as well."   Assess the validity of this statement..   5. "While most American colonists of the mid-18th century were little interested in intellectual affairs, a climate was developing wherein intellectuals and scientists were responding to a new view of man and the world."   Assess the validity of this statement..   6. In the seventeenth-century, New England Puritans tried to create a model society. What were their aspirations, and to what extent were these aspirations fulfilled during the seventeenth-century?   Assess the validity of this statement..     7. From 1689 to 1763 several European nations vied for control of the North American continent. Why did England win the struggle?   8. To what extent and why did religious toleration increase in the American colonies during the 17th and 18th centuries? Answer with reference to THREE individuals, events, or movements in American religion during this time period.   9. Most major religious movements reflect shifts in religious beliefs and produce important social changes. Apply this generalization to TWO of the following: (A) 17th century Puritanism (B) The First Great Awakening (C) The Second Great Awakening   10. "The European backgrounds of the colonists played a larger role than the environment and the peculiar problems of the New World in shaping American character during the colonial period." Assess the validity of this statement..   11. "Seemingly isolated in their remote communities, scattered like a broken string of beads between the wide Atlantic and the trackless Appalachian forests, Americans were constantly being affected by events both in the Old World and in the New." Assess the validity of this statement..

  12. Evaluate the role of each of the following in shaping American views toward England in the mid-18th century: (A) The Enlightenment (B) The French and Indian War (C) Mercantilist Laws   13. "The Puritans nobly fled from a land of despotism to a land of freedom, where they could not only enjoy their own religion, but prevent everybody else from enjoying his."   Assess the validity of this statement..   14. "Until 1763 Britain exerted control over the American colonies more by economic measures than by political measures."   Assess the validity of this statement..   15. "The intellectual life of colonial America was shaped more by the social and physical environment than by the ideas of contemporary European thinkers."   Assess the validity of this statement.  

to Sample Test Questions

 

Advanced Placement United States History Unit II: "A Quarter Century of Revolution (1763 -1788) Objective Questions   1. The eighth Amendment to the Constitution that establishes the principle of "bail" deals with: (A) the principle of reasonable search and seizure. (B) the right to have an attorney provided by the government. (C) the issue of preventing detention. (D) the issues of tuition and tax credits private schools. (E) the prohibition against self-incrimination.   2. The economic idea of regulating intrastate commerce best matches: (A) the powers reserved by the states. (B) the powers held concurrently. (C) the powers delegated to the Congress. (D) a loose interpretation of the Constitution . (E) the Preamble to the Consititution.   3. Because of the Townshend Acts: (A) the Committees of Correspondence were formed. (B) the First Continental Congress was convened. (C) the principle of "salutary neglect" ended. (D) the colonists resented mercantilist economic policy. (E) colonists demanded "no taxation without representation."   4. Wisconsin was carved out of the: (A) annexation of Texas. (B) Mexican Cessian. (C) Oregon Territory. (D) Northwest Territory. (E) Louisiana Territory.   5. The United States Constitution provides for all of the following EXCEPT: (A) two terms for the president. (B) equality under the law. (C) direct election of senators. (D) presidential nominating conventions. (E) trial by jury.   6. Which of the following had the LEAST number of followers in America in 1775? (A) The Dutch Reformed (B) The Anglicans (C) The Congregationalists (D) The Presbyterians (E) The Unitarians     7. The quotation "... those who indulge themselves will soon drop to the lower levels of society" best describes: (A) a view of Alexander Hamilton. (B) families dominating the older Atlantic states. (C) a view of Benjamin Franklin. (D) the life of Thomas Paine. (E) Jefferson's delight in the exploration of the Northwest.   8. The United States Constitution provides for all of the following EXCEPT: (A) delegated powers. (B) concurrent powers. (C) federalism. (D) "elastic clause." (E) immigration laws.  

9. A result of the Macon Act was: (A) an increase in sectional self-awareness. (B) a boycott against England. (C) improved conditions for construction of a canal through Central America. (D) improvement of agricultural education. (E) stimulation of migration westward.   10. Which of the following is a motive for the Currency Act of 1764? (A) Taxes on newspapers (B) The goal of regulating trade with the West Indies (C) Prohibition of paper money in the colonies (D) The prevention of frauds and abuses in trade (E) Imposing high tariffs on imports from the West Indies.   11. Which of the following is true about the Boston Tea Party? (A) Granted a virtual monopoly to the East India Company. (B) Closed the port of Boston, changed the government of Massachusetts, and tried royal officials in Great Britain. (C) Ordered the colonists to remain on the eastern side of the Appalachians. (D) Reaffirmed Parliament's right to tax the colonists. (E) Defied the English by destroying English property.   12. Which event do we associate with "Governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed"? (A) The issuing of the Declaration of Independence (B) A naval victory of John Paul Jones (C) The signing of the Mayflower Compact (D) The First Continental Congress (E) The outbreak of the American Revolution     13. The most important cause of the American Revolution was: (A) the American desire to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific. (B) the struggle between England and France for world supremecy. (C) the expansion of French influence in the Ohio and Mississippi valleys. (D) the British abandonment of the policy of "salutary neglect." (E) the British violation of the principle of "freedom of the seas."   14. The wealthiest people in pre-Revolutionary War America were primarily: (A) lawyers, doctors, and other professtionals. (B) northern merchants and southern planters. (C) inland farmers. (D) industrialists. (E) local governmental officials.   15. The Ordinances of 1785 and 1787 were notable accomplishments because they: (A) established the principle that western lands are the joint property of all the states. (B) initiated a territorial policy that provided for the orderly creation of new states. (C) made possible a policy of Native American (Indian) relations that enabled new western areas to be settled peacefully. (D) put land into the hands of the actual settler rather than the speculator. (E) were the basis for the future settlement of the dispute with Britain over the northwest posts.   16. France's support for the United States during the American Revolutionary War was motivated primarily by: (A) enthusiasm for the revolutionary principles espoused by the Americans. (B) a desire to weaken its rival, Great Britain. (C) a desire to regain Canada and the Floridas. (D) pressures from its ally, Spain. (E) the hope of converting the United States into a French dependency.  

17. By the time of the Revolution, the American colonists had generally come to believe that creation of a republic would solve the problems of monarchical rule because a republic would establish: (A) a highly centralized government led by a social elite. (B) a strong chief executive. (C) a small, limited government responsible to the people. (D) unlimited male suffrage. (E) a society in which there were no differences of rank and status.   18. Marbury v. Madison (1803) is famous for establishing the principle of: (A) the sanctity of contracts. (B) the supremecy of the executive over the legislative branch. (C) judicial review. (D) due process of law. (E) equal access by any citizen to federal courts.   QUESTIONS 19 AND 20 REFER TO THE FOLLOWING HISTORICAL PROBLEM:   It is popularly believed that Patrick Henry, in his speech against the Stamp Act of 1765, implied that George III would be assassinated, and then concluded with the phrase, "If this be treason, make the most of it." Four differing reports of this speech, two of which omit the concluding phrase, are found in the following sources: the diary of a Frenchmen who was an eyewitness and described the event the same day; a letter printed in a London newspaper about six weeks later; a history of Virginia written in 1805; and a note written in 1817 by Thomas Jefferson.   19. The main issue raised by for historians by the differing reports of Henry's speech is the: (A) formation of hypotheses about historical causation. (B) validity of historical metaphor. (C) credibility of historical evidence. (D) use of anachronisms. (E) form of historical citation.   20. Which of the following facts casts the greatest doubt on the accuracy of Jefferson's note confirming the concluding phrase of Henry's speech? (A) Jefferson and Henry had each served as governor of Virginia. (B) Jefferson was only twenty-two in 1765. (C) Jefferson's note was written to a man who was writing a biography of Henry. (D) Jefferson was not actually a member of the House of Burgesses in 1765. (E) Jefferson's note was written fifty-two years after the speech was delivered.   21. A major defect in the national government established by the Articles of Confederation was that it lacked: (A) a means of amending the Articles. (B) the authority to tax. (C) the power to declare war. (D) the authority to make treaties. (E) a legislative branch.   22. Which of the following was a widely held belief among the Founding Fathers of the United States? (A) Direct democracy is superior to representative government. (B) Widespread ownership of property is a bulwark of republican government. (C) Political parties are an inevitable outgrowth of republican government. (D) Universal manhood suffrage is essential in a free government. (E) The separation of legislative, executive, and judicial functions leads to governmental chaos.  

23. After 1763, changes in the British imperial system threatened the interests of which of the following groups of American colonists? I. Land speculators with interests west of the Appalachians II. Newspaper editors and lawyers III. Farmers wishing to settle in the Ohio River Valley IV. Boston smugglers (A) III only (B) IV only (C) I and III only (D) I, III, and IV only (E) I, II, III, IV   24. The Stamp Act of 1765 was designed to: (A) increase colonial postal rates. (B) establish a colonial mint to stamp out silver coins. (C) facilitate British postal censorship of colonial mails. (D) establish a colonial postal service. (E) increase British tax revenue from the colonies.   25. The French government supported the American Revolution primarily because: (A) There was general support for the political ideals of the Englightenment in France. (B) an American victory would enable France to recapture Canada. (C) Benjamin Franklin and his scientific achievements inspired the admiration of the French. (D) France wished to reduce the British empire and gain influence in North America. (E) France's ally, Spain, was eager to recapture Gibralter from Britain.   Check the "Key"for this Test  

Advanced Placement United States History' Unit II: "A Quarter Century of Revolution (1763 -1788) Sample Objective Exam   Key    1. C  2. A  3. A  4. D  5. D  6. E  7. C  8. E  9. B 10. C 11. E 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. E 21. B 22. B 23. E 24. E 25. D

Advanced Placement United States History

Unit II: "A Quarter Century of Revolution (1763 -1788)

Essay Questions

  Directions: Answer the following question based upon the criteria established in evaluating essays. You will have 45 minutes to complete this part of the test so use your time wisely!!! You should spend 7 minutes on the "outline", 4 minutes on the "introduction", 30 minutes on the "body" of the essay, and 4 minutes on the "conclusion". Make certain to show a "relationship" between the "crux" of this question and some other time period in America history (consensus) in you conclusion. Be sure to cite relevant historical evidence to substantiate your generalizations and to illustrate your answer. Use information from the supplementary reading where appropriate.   1. "The American Revolution should really be called the 'British Revolution', because marked changes in British colonial policy were more responsible for the final political division than were American actions."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT for the period 1763-1776.   2. "Since when has a government been able to maintain its integrity without putting down rebellion and mob rule?   Evaluate this statement, which can be viewed as summarizing the British position in the American Revolution.   3. "Most modern revolutions have been 'caused' by nationalism and have 'resulted' in independence. In the case of the American Revolution the desire to be free antedated any very intense national feeling."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT.   4. "Both the American Revolution of the 1770's and the American 'revolution' of 1787 were reactions against economic conditions." What were the economic conditions each revolution attempted to rectify and how did these conditions differ?   5. It has been said that the Declaration of Independence was an emotional plea by the prosecuting attorney rather than a reasonable summation by the judge. Evaluate this assumption.   6. Comment critically on the statement that America won her independence because the 'shot' fired at Lexington widened into a world war that became too large for England to handle. Evaluate this statement.   7. You have been assigned the task by your Anti-Federalist cohorts of writing a comprehensive tract in opposition to the ratification of the Constitution. Present your case against adopting the Constitution.   8. "Revolution was not a new thing, but the spectacle of a people solemnly explaining and justifying their right, in an orderly manner, to throw off the oppressors and establish a new system on their own authority was almost without precedent."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT.   9. Were the provisions and principles incorporated into the Constitution by the delegates at Philadelphia in 1787 more the result of European influences, colonial experiences, Confederation experiences, or unique in origin?   10. "Although the thirteen American colonies were founded at different times by people with different motives and with different forms of colonial charters and political organization, by the time of the American Revolution the thirteen colonies had become remarkably similar."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT.   11. "Economic factors caused the American Revolution." Present evidence for and against this interpretation.   12. "America produced no new conceptions of government. Its political ideas and institutions were drawn from Europe, and it supplied nothing more than a congenial environment in which they might flourish." Do the following documents support this generalization: The Declaration of Independence, The Northwest Ordinance of 1787, The Constitution  

13. Identify THREE to FOUR forces which created conflicts among Americans between 1775 and 1789 and show how they manifested themselves. Choose one conflict from the Revolutionary War period, the Confederation Period, and the Constitutional Convention period.   14. In the 1920's some people argued for isolation from Europe, contending that the United States had won its wars through its own efforts but had lost its peace conferences through the influence of European countries. How valid was this contention as applied to the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, and World War II?   15. "Liberty" was demanded by the American revolutionists (1776-1783), by the South Carolinians (1832-1833), and by the Populists (1890-1896). Each group was a minority in the total population. How did each group interpret "liberty"? To what extent was the group successful? How do you account for the success or failure of each group?  

 

Advanced Placement United States History Unit III: "A Nation Takes Shape (1789 -1841) Objective Questions   Directions: Each of the questions or statements below is followed by four or five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is BEST in each case and place what you think is the correct letter on the answer sheet provided.   1. American belief in the progress of technology from 1830 to 1860 encouraged: (A) free public libraries and museums. (B) democratic goals of political, social, and economic equality. (C) local communities to raise intellectual and moral standards. (D) nineteenth-century reforms toward free public education. (E) applied rather than theoretical science.   2. All of the following concepts are remembered about Washington's policy of neutrality EXCEPT: (A) the Era of Good Feeling. (B) an American desire to avoid involvement in the Napoleonic Wars. (C) Washington's Farewell Address. (D) the development of political parties. (E) the recall of Citizen Genet by the French government.     3. Andrew Jackson advocated all of the following issues EXCEPT: (A) Democratic reform. (B) the extension of suffrage. (C) property qualifications for voting. (D) the convention system. (E) popular participation in government.   4. Martin Van Buren supported an independent treasury in order: (A) to weaken a banking monopoly. (B) to separate the national government from the banking system. (C) to stimulate investment in the North and the West. (D) to put United States credit on firm ground. (E) to increase capital investment in the South.   5. Arrange the following in their proper time order: (A) Webster- Hayne Debate, (B) Missouri Compromise, (C) "corrupt bargain", (D) South Carolina Exposition (1832) (A) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4 (B) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1 (C) A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3 (D) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4   6. Alexander Hamilton advocated all of the following policies EXCEPT: (A) a lower duty on imports. (B) the use of excise taxes. (C) rule by the intelligentsia. (D) a national bank. (E) a protective tariff.     7. The era of the late 1830's was accompanied by: (A) the prominent activism of the Beecher family. (B) an economic panic abruptly ending labor reform. (C) the upsurge of social reform. (D) the continued expansion of the "Protestant Passion." (E) a growing consensus for free public education.   8. All of the following are true of Protestantism in the nineteenth century EXCEPT: (A) that most followers remained in the Congregational, Presbyterian, and Methodist churches. (B) that the materialism of American society was incorporated into the religion. (C) the belief that God continued to be active in human affairs. (D) that Orthodox Calvinism grew more stringent. (E) that ordained churchgoers still believed in the Trinity.

  9. The heavy migration to the west called attention to the need for better roads and canals is true about: (A) the economic basis of sectionalism. (B) the internal improvement policy of 1815. (C) Jefferson's economic policy. (D) rechartering the Second National Bank 1816. (E) Jackson's economic policy.   10. Man's awareness of nature and its many natural wonders is a theme in: (A) Thomas Jefferson's Notes on Virginia. (B) Thomas Paine's "Common Sense" and Age of Reason. (C) George Fitzhugh's Cannibals All and Sociology for the South. (D) Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac. (E) Jonathan Edward's "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God."   11. An historian studying the Tariff of 1828 most likely concludes that: (A) it contained a sharp reduction of duties. (B) it was a reasonable attempt at protectionist policy. (C) it continued the policy of the tariff that preceded it. (D) some who voted for it hoped it would fail. (E) it was an attempt at a compromise.   12. Each of the following events is associated with the results of the War of 1812 EXCEPT: (A) peace on the frontier for a full generation. (B) the end of hostility by the Treaty of Ghent. (C) a renewal of British settlement in the Northwest Territory. (D) the rapid growth of manufacturing in the United States. (E) the return to a policy of isolation by the United States.     13. All of the following events occurred during the administration of James Monroe EXCEPT: (A) the closing of the Western Hemisphere to further colonization. (B) the end of the "Era of Good Feeling" which was typified by a spirit of nationalism. (C) the purchase of Florida from Spain. (D) the convention of 1818 at which the boundary between the United States and Canada was established. (E) the Rush-Bagot Agreement in which the United States and Great Britain agreed to naval disarmament on the Great Lakes.   14. The Non-Intercourse Act involves which of the following? (A) State nullification (B) Strong protection of new industries (C) Free navigation on the Mississippi (D) Protecting maritime rights (E) An embargo bill lasting no more than sixty days   15. The Brook Farm experiment: (A) stressed hard work, sobriety, and material success. (B) stressed economic and social eqalitarianism. (C) stressed complex marriage, birth control, and the eugenic selection of parents to produce superior offspring. (D) became the largest single Protestant body in the United States. (E) believed in plain communal living and exalted thought.   16. De Witt Clinton supported government expenditures on transportation: (A) to help the development of manufacturing in the South. (B) to help the development of New York. (C) to help create a new social order. (D) to help the development of the West. (E) as part of a plan known as the American System.  

17. That there is wide use of the Gothic style is a trend evident in: (A) eighteenth-century cabinetmaking. (B) nineteenth-century cabinetmaking. (C) America's Romantic Movement in the architecture of the 1840's and 1850's. (D) public and private buildings such as those of colonial Williamsburg. (E) America's public buildings of the federal style.   18. All of the following are true of Tecumseh EXCEPT: (A) he fought against the forces of Indiana Territory Governor William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe. (B) he was chief of the Shawnee. (C) he brought the Indians of the Northwest Territory into a confederation. (D) he received aid from the British government. (E) he successfully halted American settlement along the Mississippi River.     19. An historian studying the economy in 1837 most likely asks: (A) "What effect did the railroad boom have on the economy as a whole?" (B) "What effect did a sudden increase in specie have on the economy?" (C) "What effect did a single invention have on the economy?" (D) "What effect did canals have on the United States economic development?" (E) "What effect did a crisis in financial institutions have on the entire economy?"   20. All of the following were among the fundamentalist denominations of the 1830's EXCEPT: (A) the Disciples of Christ. (B) the Primitives. (C) the Mormons. (D) the Free Willers. (E) the Presbyterians.   21. Which of the following had the most effective influence on Edward Everett's public popularity? (A) America's growing interest in health and fitness. (B) America's growing shift from an oral to a literary tradition. (C) America's growing interest in free public education. (D) America's growing apprecation of rhetoric and oratory. (E) America's growing interest in the novel and unique.   22. The man responsible for scoring a decisive victory at the Battle of New Orleans is remembered as: (A) "Old Rough-and-Ready." (B) having said "We have met the enemy and they are ours." (C) having said "Don't give up the ship." (D) "Old Hickory." (E) "Old Fuss and Feathers."   23. The Cumberland Trail connects: (A) the Northwest Territory with New Orleans. (B) Cincinnati with Louisville. (C) Omaha with Kansas City. (D) Tulsa with Little Rock. (E) Baltimore with Wheeling.   24. The Harford Convention pertains to which of the following? (A) Importation of slaves until 1808, Three-Fifths Compromise, Elastic Clause, and "due process." (B) Petition by grievances, "All men are created equal", inalienable rights, and consent of the governed. (C) Opposition to slavery, opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Fugitive Slave Law, and the protective tariff. (D) 2/3 vote to declare war, omission of slaves from the census, one term for presidents, and oppose the War of 1812. (E) Sovereignty of each state, indivisibility of sovereignty, null and void, and the union as a compact among states.   25. That it aided financial operations of the government is true about: (A) Jefferson's economic policy. (B) rechartering the Second National Bank of 1816. (C) Jackson's economic policy. (D) the internal improvement policy of 1815. (E) the economic basis of sectionalism.

 

Advanced Placement United States History' Unit III: "A Nation Takes Shape (1789-1841) Sample Objective Exam   Key    1. B  2. A  3. C  4. B  5. C  6. A  7. B  8. D  9. B 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. E 16. B 17. C 18. E 19. E 20. E 21. D 22. D 23. E 24. D 25. B

Advanced Placement United States History

Unit III: "The Nation Takes Shape: 1789-1841"

Essay Questions

  Directions: Answer the following question based upon the criteria established in evaluating essays. You will have 45 minutes to complete this part of the test so use your time wisely!!! You should spend 7 minutes on the "outline", 4 minutes on the "introduction", 30 minutes on the "body" of the essay, and 4 minutes on the "conclusion". Make certain to show a "relationship" between the "crux" of this question and some other time period in America history (consensus) in you conclusion. Be sure to cite relevant historical evidence to substantiate your generalizations and to illustrate your answer. Use information from the supplementary reading where appropriate.   1. "Between 1793 and 1823 a young and weak United States achieved considerable success in foreign policy when confronted with the two principal European powers, Great Britain and France. In general, war has frequently had unexpected consequences for United States foreign policy but has seldom resulted in major reorientations of policy."   Discuss the above generalization in relation to our foreign policy with not only France and Great Britain but also Spain and Russia.   2. "Historians have disagreed as to the meaning of Jacksonian Democracy. Although there were 'signs' of increased political participation, there were still many people excluded. However, expanding opportunites in a democracy are ideals that are worked toward rather than achieved totally. The differing idea of democracy is a changing definition of human nature."   Assess the validity of this question.   3. After listing some sixteen areas over which Congress has power, Article I, section 8, of the Constitution stipulates that the Congress shall have the power "To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution of the Government of the United States ..." In light of Article I, section 8, discuss the dispute over whether or not the Congress had the authority to establish the Bank of the United States. Also, evaluate the grounds on which President Andrew Jackson decided to veto the continuation of the Second Bank of the United States.   4. Write an essay on the so-called Jacksonian Revolution and its impact on the social, political, economic, and cultural development in the United States.   5. How do you account for the fact that the Federalist Party disappeared in the early 1800's and the Whig Party in the 1850's, whereas the Republican Party did not disappear after its overwhelming defeat in 1936?   6. George Kennan in his book American Diplomacy states that American foreign policy has been unduly influenced by sentimental, moral, and ideological considerations.   ANALYZE THE VALIDITY OF THIS INTERPRETATION with reference to our decision to to to war in any TWO of the following years: 1812, 1898, 1917, 1941.   7. Identify the forces which created conflicts among Americans between 1789 and 1815 and show how they manifested themselves.   8. "Opposition to the immigrant was primarily rooted in economics and politics."   EVALUATE THIS GENERALIZATION as applied to any TWO of the following: the 1790's, the 1850's, the 1880's, the 1920's.   9. In the 1920's some people argued for isolation from Europe, contending that the United States had won its wars through its own efforts but had lost its peace conference through the influence of European countries. How valid was this contention as applied to the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, and World War I?  

10. John Adams in the election of 1800, John Quincy Adams in 1828, Van Buren in 1840, Cleveland in 1888, Taft in 1912, and Hoover in 1932 were unsuccessful candidates for re-election. Select THREE of the elections and point out the issues in each and the reasons for the defeat of man seeking re-election.   11. John Adams had to make an important decision in connection with France in 1798. Show what the alternatives were and what decision he made, what possible motives he may have had, and why you think he made the decision he did?   12. Hamilton Federalists, Wilsonian Democrats, and New Dealers wanted the government to play a significant role in the American economy. What did each group want the government to do? How do you account for the differences in their policies?   13. "American foreign policy is shaped by developments both at home and abroad."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT by an examination of American foreign policy during the periods 1789-1812 and 1929-1941.   14. Washington in approving the first BUS, Jefferson in purchasing Louisiana, Lincoln in suspending the "writ of habeas corpus", and Cleveland in moving troops into Ilinois in 1895 all had to consider constitutional issues. Select any TWO of the above and discuss the constitutional issue involved in each. Explain why each of the two presidents acted as he did. What is your judgment of the behavior of each?   15. What was the effect of the War of 1812 upon the Federalist Party, of the Civil War upon the Republican Party, and of World War I upon the Democratic Party? What generalization can you make about the effect of war upon political parties? 

Advanced Placement United States History Pre-Civil WarUnit IV: A House Divided (1846-1877) Sample Objective Questions   1. All of the following concepts are associated with the settlement of California   EXCEPT:   (A) the Forty-Niners contributing to a population explosion.   (B) the Mexican cession.   (C) the Bear Flag Revolt.   (D) John C. Fremont's proclaiming the Republic of California.   (E) French colonization during the eighteenth century.   2. Henry Clay is closely associated with all of the following EXCEPT:   (A) the American System.   (B) supporting War Hawks in 1812.   (C) compromising on slavery.   (D) writing the Compromises of 1850.   (E) opposing popular sovereignty   3. Stephen A. Douglas is closely associated with all of the following EXCEPT:   (A) the presidential candidacy in 1860.   (B) the Freeport Doctrine.   (C) Popular Sovereignty.   (D) the Kansas Nebraska Act.   (E) the abolition of slavery throughout the United States.   4. The term "abolitionist movement" refers to:   (A) a Southerner who controlled the new state governments following the Civil War.   (B) a black who is willingly subservient to white Americans.   (C) inhabitants of a territory deciding for themselves the issue of slavery.   (D) a series of secret stations used to smuggle runaway slaves out of the South.   (E) a vigorous anti-slavery movement demanding the freeing of slaves without   compensation to their old masters.   5. A feature of the Constitution that is often considered a guard against dictatorial acts of a   powerful president is:   (A) the Bill of Rights.   (B) the method of selecting Supreme Court Justices.   (C) the system of checks and balances.   (D) federalism.   (E) the impeachment power of Congress.   6. In pre-Civil War America, the main crop of Virginia was:   (A) tobacco.   (B) sugar.   (C) hemp.   (D) rice.   (E) corn.   7. Which of the following was an argument used by the United States to claim the Oregon   Territory?   (A) The refusal of the Mexican government to receive the American negotiator John Slidell.   (B) The Peace of Paris of 1783.   (C) The impressment of American sailors into the British navy.   (D) The Monroe Doctrine.   (E) The settling of American missionaries and fur traders after the exploration of Robert   Gray and Lewis and Clark.   8. A major cause of the prosperity of the early 1850's was:   (A) bank failures.   (B) easy credit and land speculation.   (C) the increasing amount of gold in the economy.   (D) an embargo.   (E) the Commercial Revolution.  

9. Stephen A. Douglas, leading spokesman for westward expansion, is most closely associated   with:   (A) states' rights.   (B) popular sovereignty.   (C) internal improvements of roads, canals, and railroads.   (D) the federal government's assumption of the national debt.   (E) the nationalist theory of the Union.   10. The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) heightened the sectional crisis because it:    (A) repealed the Missouri Compromise.    (B) repealed the Fugitive Slave Act.    (C) made Kansas and Nebraska free states.    (D) stimulated Southern emigration to the territories taken from Mexico.    (E) signaled acceptance of the principle of the Wilmot Proviso.   11. During Reconstruction, Southern Blacks typically did which of the following?    (A) Worked as day laborers in towns and cities.    (B) Migrated Northward, exercising their new freedom.    (C) Owned and worked small farms.    (D) Worked in mines and factories.    (E) Tilled farms as renters and sharecroppers.   12. Which of the following BEST characterizes the response of Great Britain and France to     the American Civil War?     (A) They saw advantages in a divided Union, but pursued cautious policies toward both     sides.     (B) They favored restoration of the Union and actively worked to arbitrate the conflict.     (C) They favored permanent separation of the Union and openly supported the South.     (D) They favored permanent separation of the Union and openly supported the North.     (E) They had no interest in the conlict and remained aloof from it.   13. In part, President Lincoln refrained from taking action to emancipate slaves until the Civil    War had been in progress for almost two years because:    (A) he sought to retain the loyalty of the border states.    (B) slavery still existed in most Northern states.    (C) Congress had not granted him the authority.    (D) he was preparing a plan to send all of the slaves to Liberia.    (E) he feared hostile reaction on the part of the British and French.   14. " ... the descendants of Africans who were imported into this country, and sold as slaves ...    are not included, and were not intended to be included, under the word 'citizens' in the    Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the rights and privileges which that    instrument provides for and secures to citizens of the United States."      The passage above is from which of the following?    (A) Marbury v. Madison    (B) The Liberty Party Platform    (C) McCulloch v. Maryland    (D) Dred Scott v. Sanford    (E) The Freedmen's Bureau Act of 1865   15. Which of the following is a correct statement about the use of slave labor in colonial    Virginia?    (A) It was forced on reluctant white Virginians by profit-minded English merchants and    the mercantilist officials of the Crown.    (B) It was the first case in which Europeans enslaved Blacks.    (C) It fulfilled the original plans of the Virginia Company.    (D) It first occurred after the invention of Eli Whitney's cotton gin, which greatly    stimulated the demand for low-cost labor.    (E) It spread rapidly in the late seventeenth century, as blacks displaced white indentured    servants in the tobacco fields.   16. The Southern reaction to the Nat Turner revolt and the publication of The Liberator was     to:   (A) begin to argue that slavery was a good institution.   (B) encourage the migration of slaves to the Middle West.   (C) agree to discuss the issue of abolition in Congress.  (D) invite Garrison to address the Virginia legislature on abolition.

  17. The North's advantages over the South at the outbreak of the Civil War included all of the     following EXCEPT:    (A) greater agreement over war aims.    (B) more substantial industrial resources.    (C) a more extensive railroad network.    (D) dominance in foreign trade.    (E) naval supremecy.   18. Which of the following most likely increased Mexican suspicion of United States territorial     objectives in the 1830's and 1840's?    (A) Abolitionist agitation in the North.    (B) Jackson's policy toward the annexation of Texas (1836-37).    (C) The Webster-Ashburton Treaty    (D) Clay's speeches in the campaign of 1844.    (E) Rhetoric on "manifest destiny" in the American press.   19. In the presidential election of 1860, which of the following positions was asserted by the    Republican Party Platform with respect to slavery?    (A) Slavery should be abolished immediately by the federal government.    (B) The extension of slavery to other countries should be prohibited.    (C) The Missouri Compromise line (36 Degrees, 30 Minutes) should be extended to the    Pacific Ocean, and slavery should be prohibited in territories above that line.    (D) The gradual emancipation of the slaves should begin, and the federal government    should compensate slave owners for the loss of slave property.    (E) The extension of slavery to United States territories should be prohibited by the    federal government, but slavery should be protected in the states where it already existed.   20. All of the following elements of the Radical Republican program were implemented    during Reconstruction EXCEPT:    (A) provision of 40 acres to each freedman.    (B) enactment of the Fourteenth Amendment.    (C) military occupation of the South.    (D) punishment of the Confederate leaders.    (E) restrictions on the power of the President.   21. Which of the following had the greatest impact on the institution of slavery in the United     States in the first quarter of the nineteenth century?    (A) Demands of Southern textile manufacturers for cotton    (B) Introduction of corp rotation and fertilizers    (C) Use of more stringent techniques of slave control    (D) Invention of the cotton gin    (E) The "Three-fifths" Compromise   22. The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 provided for:    (A) temporary Union military supervision of the ex-Confederacy.    (B) federal monetary support of the resettlement of American blacks in Africa.    (C) denial of black property-holding and voting rights.    (D) implementation of anti-black vagrancy laws in the South.    (E) lenient readmission of the ex-Confederate states to the Union.   23. All of the following statements about pre-Civil War American slavery are true EXCEPT:    (A) Although experience varied from one plantation to another, investments in slaves    generally yielded rates of return equal to or better than other forms of investments of    comparable risk in the pre-Civil War American economy.    (B) Although Southern legal codes did not uniformly provide for the legalization and    stability of slave marriage, slaves were generally able to marry, and the institution of    marriage was common on Southern plantations.    (C) Although slaves were mainly employed in agriculture, by the 1850's they also were    employed as construction workers and industrial laborers.    (D) Because of the relative ease with which slaves could gain their freedom by    manumission or by purchase, the proportion of freedmen to slaves was almost equal in    many areas of the South.    (E) Despite the geographical diffusion of slavery throughout the South, at no time did the    majority of white families in the South own slaves.  

24. POPULAR VOTE FOR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS, GEORGIA, 1848 AND 1852                Democratic Electors    Whig Electors    Webster Electors      1848            44,809            47,538            --------    1852            40,516            16,660            5,324      Using the table above, one might conclude that the most plausible explanation for the    Georgia Democrats' victory in 1852 following their defeat in 1848 was that:    (A) many new voters increased the turnout in 1852, to the advantage of the Democrats.    (B) many voters abstained from voting in 1852, to the disadvantage of the Whigs.    (C) Webster, who had not run in 1848, drew sufficient votes from the Whigs to cost them    the election of 1852.    (D) the Democrats, who had run a highly unpopular candidate in 1848, ran a highly    popular candidate in 1852.    (E) the Democrats cast fraudulent ballots to increase their share of the votes in 1852.   25. "Manifest Destiny" was a slogan that referred to the:    (A) ultimate triumph of the "fittest" in the progress of industrial capitalism.    (B) eventual overthrow of slavery under God's design.    (C) right of United States vessels to trade without interference anywhere in the world.    (D) territorial expansion of the United States in North America.    (E) eventual domination of slavery over the territories acquired from Mexico.

 

Advanced Placement American History' Pre Civil WarUnit IV: A House Divided (1846-1877) Sample Objective Exam   Key   1. E 2. E 3. E 4. E 5. E 6. A 7. E 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. E 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. E 16. A 17. A 18. E 19. E 20. A 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D

Advanced Placement United States History

Unit IV: A House Divided (1841-1877)

Essay Questions

  Directions: Answer the following question based upon the criteria established in evaluating essays. You will have 45 minutes to complete this part of the test so use your time wisely!!! You should spend 7 minutes on the "outline", 4 minutes on the "introduction", 30 minutes on the "body" of the essay, and 4 minutes on the "conclusion". Make certain to show a "relationship" between the "crux" of this question and some other time period in America history (consensus) in you conclusion. Be sure to cite relevant historical evidence to substantiate your generalizations and to illustrate your answer. Use information from the supplementary reading where appropriate.   1. Explain the significance of the choice of the slogan "manifest destiny" to identify the expansionist urge of the American people in the 1840's and discuss its effects on the United States.   2. Based upon the historians cited in class (Woodrow Wilson, Frank Owsley, James Randall, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., and David Donald), what was the MAJOR cause for the Civil War? Take into account the problems of the 1850's, the distinguishing characteristics of the North and South, the "peculiar institution", the southern constitutional position, and the role of Abraham Lincoln in discussing your answer.   3. Compare and contrast the executive and congressional plans of Reconstruction as to: Constitutional authority, role of the freedmen, treatment of Southern whites, and political considerations. How would you assess the accomplishments of this time period based on the circumstances from 1877-1897?   4. Comment on the observation of C. Vann Woodward that the Compromise of 1877 "shaped the future of four million freedmen and their progeny for generations to come." Pay particular attention to the success or failure of Reconstruction (1865-1877) in bringing about the social and economic equality of opportunity of the former slaves.   5. Analyze the mixture of idealism, greed, religious fervor, and aggressiveness that motivated expansionist sentiment in the 1840's. Special emphasis should be placed on the Mexican War and how the expansionist attitude ultimately led to the outbreak of the Civil War.   6. President Polk with regard to Mexico in 1846 had to make an important decision. What were the alternatives and what decision did he make? What possible motives may he have had? Why do you think he made the decision he did?   7. By an analysis of TWO of the elections listed below indicate whether you believe it is leaders or issues that determine the outcome of presidential elections: 1844, 1896, 1948.   8. "A political leader in a democratic society must not only face the great issues that confront the society but he must also see to it that the people are behind him."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT by applying it to the presidency of TWO of these men: John Adams, James K. Polk, Harry Truman.   9. "The Constitution authorizes Congress to declare war, but America has more often become involved in war as a result of presidential action."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT as it applies to Madison OR Polk and McKinley or FDR.   10. Analyze and account for the changes in the varying historical interpretations of either the causes of the War of 1812 or Reconstruction.   11. "Supreme Court decisions reinforce state and federal legislation."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT for THREE decisions of the Court prior to the Civil War.   12. "Americans have been idealists in going to war but realists at the peace table."  

ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT for any TWO of the following wars: Revolutionary War, Mexican War, World War I, World War II.   13. "If Henry Clay had defeated Polk in 1844 and Bryan had defeated McKinley in 1896, United States economic and diplomatic policy would have been vastly different."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT.   14. Were the principal causes of the War of 1812 and the Mexican War to be found in Western needs and demands?   15. "Supreme Court decisions reinforce state and federal legislation."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT for THREE decisions of the Supreme Court prior to the Civil War. 

Advanced Placement United States History Unit V: "The Gilded Age (1865-1900) Objective Questions    

1. Which of the following economic realities is MOST CLOSELY associated with the development of the factory system?*(A) Reduced need for skilled workers. (B) Disruption of maritime commerce.(C) Growth of slavery.(D) Low wages to workers.(E) Restrictions on the development of industry.

2. An economic weakness of the pre-Civil War labor movement was:(A) the resultant damage to New England's economy.(B) its emphasis on agricultural rather than commercial interests.(C) the damage it caused the economy due to land speculators.*(D) its emphasis on skilled workers.(E) the policy that the federal government should not have direct taxing powers.

3. The insufficient conditions facing the wage earner in sweatshops, debtor's prison, and contract labor spurred:(A) the spread of Calvinism to the middle colonies.(B) the development of an independent culture.(C) the development of the "underground railroad."(D) foreign missionary activity.*(E) the push for unionization.

4. An educator seeking to improve the quality of public education was:(A) Harriet Beecher Stowe.(B) William Lloyd Garrison.*(C) Horace Mann.(D) Susan B. Anthony.(E) Frances Wright.

5. A person would be attending a religious meeting in the Midwest if he were:(A) convinced of views held by James Fenimore Cooper.(B) believing in the empiracal method of John Locke.(C) admiring the accomplishments of Benjamin Latrobe.(D) supporting the views of Horace Greely.*(E) listening to Peter Cartwright.

6. The worker movement of the 1840's was by nature a reform movement in the sense that:(A) it was an argument between industrialists and agrarians.(B) slavery remained an important institution in American life.*(C) it pressured those in power to make changes in the factory system.(D) the lower levels of white society were not enfranchised and involved.(E) it instigated Indian resistance and populism.

7. Novels exploring human nature and ideas are the most typical of literary expression found:(A) in popular fiction of the 1840's and 1850's.(B) in the 1820's and 1830's.(C) in early colonial America.*(D) in serious fiction of the 1840's and 1850's.(E) in America from 1775 to 1820.

8. Which amendment to the United States Constitution deals with federal income tax?*(A) The Sixteenth Amendment(B) The Eighteenth Amendment(C) The Fifteenth Amendment(D) The Sixth Amendment(E) The Nineteenth Amendment

9. The low wages of workers is most closely associated with:(A) New England from 1808 to 1812.*(B) the abundance of labor in the North before 1860.(C) the effects of mercantilism.(D) the labor shortage.(E) the development of the factory system.

10. The most typical form of literary expression influenced by Emerson in the 1840's is:(A) literary critiques as part of the creative process in art.(B) magazine articles expressing democratic ideals.*(C) rhetorical essays of a philosophic nature.(D) table-talk essays filled with social wit and wisdom.(E) essays on the aesthetics of art and poetry.

11. Which of the following trends is evident in the works of Thomas Cole and the Hudson River School?*(A) An idealization of the American landscape.(B) A shift away from the rationalism of the past toward more subjective emotional values.(C) A popular interest in historical romances such as those of Sir Walter Scott.(D) A renewed interest in classical forms (especially those of Greece).(E) An imaginative use of America's past in creating national pride.

12. One may conclude that poetic conventions were being challenged by the 1850's from:(A) sales data of music publishers from 1820 to 1860.(B) sales data of American publishers from 1820 to 1860.(C) attending a dedication ceremony of a public monument in the 1850's.(D) attending symphonic concerts in the 1850's.*(E) an analysis of "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking."

13. Which of the following encouraged free public libraries and museums?(A) Industrial growth and expansion from 1820 to 1840.(B) Support of the lyceum movement from 1820 to 1840.(C) Belief in the progress of technology from 1830 to 1860.*(D) Support of popular democratization of knowledge.(E) Support of the Sunday School movement from 1800 to 1860.

14. The American Transcendentalists may best by characterized as which of the following?*(A) A group of Northern intellectuals who shared a belief in the value of human intuition, the presence of divinity in nature, and an emotional comprehension of God.(B) A religious sect that believed in the concept of sin and the necessity for forgiveness from God and from fellow worshippers.(C) A number of loosely organized communitarians who engaged in sexual experiences outside the confines of marriage.(D) A sect of former Unitarian ministers who expected Christ to descend to earth within their lifetimes.(E) A persecuted band who had to flee to the West because of the unpopular ideas about polygamy and other unconventional practices.

15. Of the following, which was the most important cause of agrarian discontent in the United States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?(A) The end of free homesteads.(B) The end of Republican party efforts to woo the farm vote.(C) The exhaustion of the soil by poor farming methods.*(D) The feeling that the railroads were exploiting the farmers.(E) The increase in the number of immigrants.

16. The horizontal integration of American industry (i.e., one firm acquiring control of other firms that produce the same product) that occurred at the end of the nineteenth century was primarily a response to:*(A) economic competition.(B) high tariffs.(C) powerful labor unions.(D) federal monetary policy.(E) federal regulation of business.

17. Which of the following would have been MOST LIKELY to support the presidential campaign of William Jennings Bryan in 1896?*(A) A Kansas farmer(B) A Chicago industrial merchant(C) A Philadelphia merchant(D) A university professor of economics(E) A New York Republican party member

18. Which of the following statements is true about immigration to the United States during the last two decades of the nineteenth century?(A) United States immigrantion laws sharply reduced the number of eligible immigrants.(B) Irish immigrants came in larger numbers than earlier in the century.(C) Nativist agitation brought about a decline in immigration.(D) The United States government entered into a "gentleman's agreement" to ban immigration from certain countries.*(E) Southern and Eastern Europeans came in larger numbers than earlier in the century.

 19. "In 1800 schoolchildren (ages 5-19) spent an average of only fourteen days in school each year. By 1850 this figure had nearly doubled, going to twenty-six days, and by 1860 it had risen to forty days per year, almost triple the figure for 1800. By 1860 the literacy rate at age twenty had attained modern levels, exceeding ninety percent among whites."

This passage describes results brought about chiefly through:*(A) state and local efforts in behalf of public schools.(B) the work of private philanthropists.(C) the extension of federally supported school systems.(D) the increasing ability of families to afford tutors.(E) the establishment of church-supported schools.

20. In which year would the population of an Atlantic seacoast city most likely have appeared as follows?

CATEGORIES (selected groups of total population) NUMBER

Born in United States of parents born in the United 70,352States (White)

Born in Ireland (White) 25,282

Born in United States of parents born in 2,017Ireland (White)

Born in Russia (White) 10

Born in United States of parents born in 2Russia (White)

Non-White born in United States 2,317

(A) 1790(B) 1820*(C) 1850(D) 1890(E) 1930

21. All of the following were considered legitimate functions of the federal government in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT:(A) promoting industrial growth by means of a protective tariff.(B) granting subsidies to encourage the construction of railroads.(C) regulating immigration.*(D) assuring the welfare of the poor and unemployed.(E) regulating the nation's currency.

22. The "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolves" issued by the Seneca Falls Convention demanded:*(A) greater rights for women.(B) the immediate termination of slavery.(C) enlightened treatment of the insane.(D) a new role for women in the antislavery movement.(E) improvement in prison conditions.

 23. In the pre-Civil War era, the railroad's most important impact on the economy was the:*(A) creation of a huge new market for railway equipment.(B) creation of the basis for greater cooperation between Southern planters and Northern textile manufacturers.(C) generation of new employment opportunities for unskilled urban workers.(D) participation of the federal government in the financing of a nationwide transportation network.(E) accessibility to Eastern urban markets provided to Midwestern farmers.

24. The hostility of the Know-Nothing Party was directed primarily against:(A) the growth of cities and industrial manufacturing.*(B) Irish and German Catholic immigrants.(C) Free Masons and members of other fraternal orders.(D) abolitionists.(E) slaveholders.

25. Which of the following would MOST LIKELY have said, " ... children should be children as long as they can"?(A) A New England Puritan(B) A Southern slaveholder*(C) A mid-nineteenth century educational reformer(D) An Irish immigrant in the Lowell mills.(E) A parent of a pioneer family in the West.

   

Check the Key Advanced Placement American History Unit V: "The Gilded Age: 1865-1900" Objective Questions Key      1. A     2. E     3. D     4. A     5. E     6. C     7. D     8. C     9. E   10. E   11. E   12. C   13. A   14. A   15. A   16. A   17. A   18. E   19. B   20. C   21. D   22. B   23. D   24. D   25. B

Advanced Placement United States History Unit V: "The Gilded Age (1865-1900) Essay Questions

Directions: Answer the following question based upon the criteria established in evaluating essays. You will have 45 minutes to complete this part of the test so use your time wisely!!! You should spend 7 minutes on the "outline", 4 minutes on the "introduction", 30 minutes on the "body" of the essay, and 4 minutes on the "conclusion". Make certain to show a "relationship" between the "crux" of this question and some other time period in America history (consensus) in you conclusion. Be sure to cite relevant historical evidence to substantiate your generalizations and to illustrate your answer. Use information from the supplementary reading where appropriate.

1. "Unlike the wage earner, the farmer demands government intervention on his behalf. He    wants the government as a partner, not as a referee." To what extent do you agree with this    statement about the objectives of wage earners and farmers? Confine your discussion to    evidence drawn from these TWO periods: 1790-1840 and 1930-1945.

  2. Assess the significance of violence or the threat of violence in TWO of these areas: The coming of the American Revolution, The antislavery crusade, Labor's struggle for recognition and social justice, The Civil Rights Movement from 1948-1965.   3. In the period 1865-1900 both farmers and working men believed they faced a common enemy in big business. Why were the two groups unable to achieve an effective political alliance?   4. The principles of the Federalist Party, which is often said to have died with the War of 1812, lived on in different form in other political parties." Demonstrate the extent to which this is true for the Whigs and Republicans in the 19th century.   5. "Opposition to the immigrant was primarily rooted in economics and politics."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT as applied to any TWO of the following periods: the 1790's, the 1850's, the 1880's, the 1920's.   6. "In the struggle between business and labor in the years 1865-1900, all three branches of the theoretically neutral federal government favored business."   ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT. Justify your answer with specific illustrations.   7. John Adams in the election of 1800, John Quincy Adams in the election of 1824, Van Buren in 1840, Cleveland in 1888, Taft in 1912, and Hoover in 1932 were unsuccessful candidates for re-election. Select THREE of these elections and point out the issues in each and the reasons for the defeat of the man seeking reelection.   8. Describe early 19th century revivalism and the post-Civil War Social Gospel Movement. Explain why each developed and what the effects of each were.   9. "Liberty" was demanded by the American revolutionists (1776-1783), by the South Carolinians (1832-1833), and by the Populists (1890-1896). Each group was a minority of the total population. What did the term "liberty" mean in each case? To what extent was the group successful? How do you account for the success or failure of each group?   10. The Knights of Labor declined in the 1880's, the AFL declined in the 1920's, and the CIO developed effectively in the 1930's and 1940's. How do you account for the differences?   11. Washington in approving the first BUS, Jefferson in purchasing Louisiana, Lincoln in suspending the "writ of habeas corpus", and Cleveland in moving troops into Illinois in 1895 all had to consider constitutional issues. Select any TWO of the above and discuss the constitutional issue involved in each. Explain why each of the two presidents acted as he did. What is your judgment of the behavior of each?   12. By an analysis of TWO of the elections listed below, indicate whether you believe it is leaders or issues that determine the outcome of presidential elections: 1844, 1896, 1948.   13. "During the 19th century government policy was important in causing depressions but notably weak in attempting to end them." Discuss this with reference to the depressions of 1837 and 1893.

  14. Describe and account for the change in reputation of any TWO of the following presidents during their terms in office: Jefferson , Grant, Wilson, Truman.   15. "One key to the nature of a reform movement is what it seeks to preserve." Discuss this and test it by reference to TWO of the following: The American Revolution, Abolitionism, Populism.