Advanced Marine Vehicles

Monohulls Hovercraft MultihullsHydrofoils

Round Bilge Semi-Displacement

Hull

Hard ChinePlaning

Hull

Deeply Submerged Hydrofoil

Surface Piercing

Hydrofoil

Surface Effect Ship

(SES)

Air cushionVehicle(ACV)

Catamaran Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull

ShipSWATH

Fully Submerged HydrofoilSurface Piercing Hydrofoil

Surface Effect Ship (SES) Hovercraft

Displacement

Aerostatic

Hydrodynamic

Maximum Speed (knot)Maximum Speed (knot)

100010001001001010

Tanker

10001000

Cargo ShipsCargo Ships

WarshipsWarshipsHorseHorse

Air ShipsAir ShipsBicycleBicycle

PedestrianPedestrian

HydrofoilsHydrofoils

Air Cushion Air Cushion VehiclesVehicles

Planing BoatPlaning Boat

CarCar

HelicopterHelicopter Racing CarRacing Car

II. World WarII. World WarAirplanesAirplanes

Planes with Planes with propellerpropeller

Jet PlanesJet Planes

1967 Achievement Line1967 Achievement Line

100100

1010

Tra

nsp

ort

Effi

ciency

Tra

nsp

ort

Effi

ciency

(W*V

/P)

(W*V

/P)

Gabrielli- Von Karman (1950)Gabrielli- Von Karman (1950)

Speed (knot)Speed (knot)

Air Cushion VehiclesAir Cushion Vehicles

Planing BoatsPlaning Boats

SESSESHydrofoilsHydrofoils

SWATH

Displacement ShipsDisplacement Ships(5 000 ton)(5 000 ton)

Displacement ShipsDisplacement Ships(1 250 ton)(1 250 ton)

Displacement ShipsDisplacement Ships(2 500 ton)(2 500 ton)

2020

1616

1144

1212

00

44

22

66

88

1010

1818

2020 4040 60601010 3030 5050 7070

(WV

/P)

(WV

/P)

Conventional

Propeller

Trans Cavitating Propeller

Super Cavitating Propeller

Waterjet

Surface Piercing Propeller

Air Propeller in Duct

Air Propeller

00 2020 4040 6060 8080 1001000.10.1

0.0.33

0.50.5

0.70.7

Speed (knot)Speed (knot)

Pro

puls

ion

Effi

cien

cyP

ropu

lsio

n E

ffici

ency

Air Cushion Vehicle

Hydrofoil

SWATH

Displacement

Planing Craft

11 2233 44 55 66

Wave HeightWave Height

SpeedSpeed(knot)(knot)

1100

3030

5050

7700

9090

80 knot ACV:Air propulsors

80 knot SES propeller

80 knot SES: Waterjet

50 knot Hydrofoil:retractable foils-waterjet

50 knot Hydrofoil: retractable foils-propellers

50 knot Hydrofoil: fixed foils-propellers

80 knot SES propeller 40 knot SWAT: Aluminum

35 knot SWATH: Aluminium

30 knot SWATH: Steel30 knot Conventional (Displacement)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

1

2

3

Weight (Mega Newton)

0

7

4

5

6

8

Relative Platform

CostPer

Unit Weight

SES-Waterjets

SES-Propellers

ACV-Air propellers

Hydrofoils-Retractable foils

Waterjets

Hydrofoils- Retractable foils

propellers

Hydrofoils-Fixed foilsPropellers

Planing Ships

SWATH Ships

Conventional Ships(Displacement)

30 50 70 90Speed (knots)

0

2

4

6

8

Relative PlatformCosts per

Unit Weight

Platforming

Contouring

Intermediate Response

Canard Foil System Tandem Foil System

Aeroplane Foil System