Advanced Internet Connectivityin the Americas:

AmericasPATH (AMPATH)

Florida International UniversitySouth Florida GigaPOP

November 3, 2000San Antonio, Texas

AMPATHAMPATHProject MissionProject Mission

To Serve as the Pathway To Serve as the Pathway for Research and for Research and

Education Networking in Education Networking in the Americas and to the the Americas and to the

World.World.

The AMPATH ProjectThe AMPATH Project

• The AMPATH project is a collaboration The AMPATH project is a collaboration between Florida International University between Florida International University and Global Crossing to interconnect the and Global Crossing to interconnect the Research and Education networks in South Research and Education networks in South and Central America, the Caribbean, and Central America, the Caribbean, Mexico and other international countries to Mexico and other international countries to Internet2, US and non-US National Internet2, US and non-US National Research Networks.Research Networks.

AMPATH Project GoalsAMPATH Project Goals

• To enable participating countries to To enable participating countries to contribute to the research and development contribute to the research and development of applications for the advancement of of applications for the advancement of Internet technologies.Internet technologies.

• To extend the Internet2 research and To extend the Internet2 research and education community for high-performance education community for high-performance networking to South and Central America, networking to South and Central America, the Caribbean and Mexico.the Caribbean and Mexico.

More OpportunitiesMore Opportunities

AMPATH can provide connectivity for other AMPATH can provide connectivity for other US-funded projects in the Service Area. US-funded projects in the Service Area. For example:For example:

• Atacama Large Millimeter Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) Project – ChileArray (ALMA) Project – Chile

• The Inter-American Institute The Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research – Brazilfor Global Change Research – Brazil

• Yale Southern Observatory – ArgentinaYale Southern Observatory – Argentina

Benefits of AMPATHBenefits of AMPATH

• Provides high-speed connectivity to Internet2, US Provides high-speed connectivity to Internet2, US and non-US NRNs at a very low cost:and non-US NRNs at a very low cost:• DS3s to Miami are free (most expensive and DS3s to Miami are free (most expensive and

challenging part)challenging part)• Costs for circuits to transit networks, engineering and Costs for circuits to transit networks, engineering and

operations are shared among all participants.operations are shared among all participants.

• By working together, everyone will benefit.By working together, everyone will benefit.• Scales well as bandwidth requirements grow.Scales well as bandwidth requirements grow.• Leverages ability to purchase more bandwidth for Leverages ability to purchase more bandwidth for

the Research and Education community.the Research and Education community.

What does a Participating What does a Participating Country Receive?Country Receive?

• Each participating country receives a DS3 Each participating country receives a DS3 of capacity to the AMPATH POP in Miami, of capacity to the AMPATH POP in Miami, for three years, at NO COST!for three years, at NO COST!

• Access to the AMPATH network from a Access to the AMPATH network from a designated Global Crossing POP.designated Global Crossing POP.

• Transit from Abilene or STAR TAP to US Transit from Abilene or STAR TAP to US and non-US National Research Networks and non-US National Research Networks (NRNs).(NRNs).

AMPATH Makes It Feasible!AMPATH Makes It Feasible!

• Gemini benefits because the AMPATH Gemini benefits because the AMPATH project provides project provides cost-effectivecost-effective infrastructure infrastructure and connectivityand connectivity• FIU operates the AMPATH POP in MiamiFIU operates the AMPATH POP in Miami• Partnerships have been established with GC, Partnerships have been established with GC,

Lucent, Cisco Systems, and Abilene Lucent, Cisco Systems, and Abilene • FIU offers its leadership and expertise to the FIU offers its leadership and expertise to the

projectproject

Participant’s ResponsibilitiesParticipant’s Responsibilities

• Each participating country is responsible for Each participating country is responsible for connecting its R&E networks to a connecting its R&E networks to a designated Global Crossing POP:designated Global Crossing POP: Provision Local Loop.Provision Local Loop. Provide required hardware.Provide required hardware.

• Establishing connectivity to the AMPATH Establishing connectivity to the AMPATH POP in Miami using ATM or IP.POP in Miami using ATM or IP.

AMPATH’s ResponsibilitiesAMPATH’s Responsibilities

• Coordinate and assist participants in establishing Coordinate and assist participants in establishing connectivity to AMPATH.connectivity to AMPATH.

• Provide 24x7x365 NOC services.Provide 24x7x365 NOC services.• Provide leadership and coordination to ensure Provide leadership and coordination to ensure

Participants can reach desired US and non-US Participants can reach desired US and non-US NRNs.NRNs.

• Broker low-cost transit service to STAR TAP, Broker low-cost transit service to STAR TAP, Abilene or other essential transit networks.Abilene or other essential transit networks.

Global Crossing’s ContributionGlobal Crossing’s Contribution

• Global Crossing has very generously agreed Global Crossing has very generously agreed to allow Florida International University to allow Florida International University and participating countries in its Service and participating countries in its Service Area the use of the available capacity of its Area the use of the available capacity of its fiber network to build an international high-fiber network to build an international high-performance Research and Education performance Research and Education network in the Americas.network in the Americas.

READY FOR SERVICE DATESREADY FOR SERVICE DATES

LIST PRICE DS-3

Lease 1 yr. Price Lease 3 yr. Price Lease 5 yr. Price

Brazil 1,200,000$ 2,916,000$ 4,200,000$

Santiago 1,200,000$ 2,916,000$ 4,200,000$

Buenos Aires 1,200,000$ 2,916,000$ 4,200,000$

Lima 1,200,000$ 2,916,000$ 4,200,000$

Cali 1,200,000$ 2,916,000$ 4,200,000$

Caracas 1,200,000$ 2,916,000$ 4,200,000$

St. Croix 500,004$ 1,215,010$ 1,750,014$

Mexico City 1,440,000$ 3,499,200$ 5,040,000$

Panama 1,000,080$ 2,430,194$ 3,500,280$

7/15/007/15/007/15/00

10/15/0010/15/0010/15/00

4/15/014/15/014/15/01

STAR TAPAS 10764

AbileneAS 1537 Costa

Rica’sNRN ASN

Brazil’sNRN ASN

Mexico’sNRN ASN

US VI’s

NRN ASN

Panama’sNRN ASN

Venezuela’sNRN ASN

Colombia’sNRN ASN

REUNAChile’s NRNAS 11340

Peru’sNRN ASN

Argentina’sNRN ASN

PuertoRico’s

NRN ASN

AMPATH’sASN

AMPATH’s Connectors

NRN = National Research NetworkASN = Autonomous System Number

Miami

…

…

…

ADM

ADM

ADM ADM

GC POP X

GC MAC/PAC/SAC

……

ADMIP Router

IP Router

LucentCBX-500

ATM Switch

OC12Cisco

GSR 12012Router

Abilene

OC3 DS3

STAR TAP

AMPATH NetworkAMPATH Network

National Research Network (NRN) or Regional Research Network (RRN) Provider in country X

University Network in country X

ATMSDN

ParticipatingCountry W Miami

…

…

…

ADM

ADM

ADM ADM

GC POPW

n DS3s

GC MAC/PAC/SAC

ParticipatingCountry Y

DS3DS3

DS3

……

ADM

ParticipatingCountry X

DS3

GC POPY

GC POPX

GC POPZ

IP Router

ATM Switch

DS3

ATM Switch

IP Router

DS3

ParticipatingCountry Z

ATM Switch

IP Router

DS3

ATM Switch

IP Router

DS3

LucentCBX-500

ATM Switch

OC3Cisco

GSR 12012Router

Abilene

OC3 DS3 | OC3

n DS3s

DS3

DS3 DS3

DS3

STAR TAP

AMPATH NetworkAMPATH Network

Capacity ExamplesCapacity Examples International Private Line (IPL):International Private Line (IPL):

DS-3DS-3 (45 Mbps)(45 Mbps) STM-1STM-1 (155 Mbps)(155 Mbps) STM-4STM-4 (622 Mbps)(622 Mbps) STM-16STM-16 (2.5 Gbps)(2.5 Gbps) STM-64STM-64 (10 Gbps/Wavelength)(10 Gbps/Wavelength)

Lease

Collocation/Telehousing

IP Transit (From selected locations)

IRU – Indefeasible

Right of Usage (15 years)

FIU:

Gigapop for SE Florida& Latin America

FIUFIU

March 8, 2000March 8, 2000Meeting in MiamiMeeting in Miami

• FIU and Global Crossing announced the FIU and Global Crossing announced the AMPATH project to representatives from AMPATH project to representatives from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Costa Rica, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, and US Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico, Venezuela, and US Virgin Islands.

• Participating in the meeting and supporting the Participating in the meeting and supporting the AMPATH project were UCAID, STAR TAP and AMPATH project were UCAID, STAR TAP and Canarie.Canarie.

Global Crossing /AMPATH PartnersGlobal Crossing /AMPATH PartnersSeptember 1, 2000September 1, 2000

ArgentinaArgentina

BrazilBrazil

ChileChile

ColumbiaColumbia

MexicoMexico

PanamaPanama

PeruPeru

US Virgin IslandsUS Virgin Islands

VenezuelaVenezuela

Puerto RicoPuerto Rico

• Establish a high-speed connection from the La Serena Establish a high-speed connection from the La Serena base station, Chile, to US National Research base station, Chile, to US National Research Networks (NRNs) and non-US NRNs. Networks (NRNs) and non-US NRNs. • Florida International University (FIU) proposes to connect Florida International University (FIU) proposes to connect

the La Serena base station to Miami, Florida, where the La Serena base station to Miami, Florida, where connectivity to US and non-US NRNs is available using connectivity to US and non-US NRNs is available using Internet2’s Abilene network.Internet2’s Abilene network.

• Provide end-to-end high-speed connectivity between Provide end-to-end high-speed connectivity between Gemini North and Gemini South.Gemini North and Gemini South.

• FIU is in a unique position in being able to achieve this FIU is in a unique position in being able to achieve this goal, because of its leadership role in the AMPATH project.goal, because of its leadership role in the AMPATH project.

Project GoalProject Goal

Gemini SouthLa Serena

Gemini SouthLa Serena

GC’s POPin SantiagoGC’s POPin Santiago

DS3

GC’s Terrestrial andSubmarine NetworkGC’s Terrestrial andSubmarine Network

DS3 DS3

AMPATH POPMiami

AMPATH POPMiami

DS3

Gemini Connections Gemini Connections to AMPATHto AMPATH

Internet2(Abilene)

STAR TAPChicago

STAR TAPChicago

Island of HawaiiGemini North

U of Hawaii, Oahu

Island of HawaiiGemini North

U of Hawaii, Oahu

How We Make It So…How We Make It So…

• Establish a DS-3 connection between Miami and Establish a DS-3 connection between Miami and Santiago using Global Crossing’s submarine and Santiago using Global Crossing’s submarine and terrestrial networkterrestrial network

• Connect the Gemini, CTIO and SOAR networks Connect the Gemini, CTIO and SOAR networks to the AMPATH POP in Miamito the AMPATH POP in Miami

• Using Internet2’s Abilene network for transit, Using Internet2’s Abilene network for transit, provide connectivity to US & Non-US NRNsprovide connectivity to US & Non-US NRNs

SAC

PAC

MAC

AC-1PEC

US Crossing

PC-1

GAL

EAC

AC-2PEC

NAP of the Americas LLCNAP of the Americas LLC

What is the NAP of the Americas?What is the NAP of the Americas?• Consensus Point of Interconnect For Majority of Carriers, Non-Carriers, ISPs and End Users

• Offers Both Public and Private Peering

• Stimulates Internet Economy and Extended Digital Campus in South Florida and Beyond

• Evolves the Internet Beyond the current NAPs and MAEs

• Acts as a global gateway to Latin America, Africa and Southern Europe

• Provides Open Model for All Players to Gain Internet Access with

Good Price Points

Excellent Performance

Value Proposition for the NAP of the AmericasValue Proposition for the NAP of the Americas

A NAP is the catalyst for A NAP is the catalyst for building the extended building the extended Internet communityInternet community

100,000-200,000 s.f.Building

1.5 Million s.f.Extended Metro Campus

Regional & GlobalMarkets

NAP

CO-LOCATION

INTERNET COMMUNITY

Major Fiber Routes & Cables

Basic Version of the NAPBasic Version of the NAP

OPERATIONS & ADMINISTRATION

• Network Operations Center (NOC)• Security Control• Smart Hands

VIRTUAL & PRIVATE PEERING

• Bring your own or part of the service• Equipment• Entrance Facilities• Racks/Cages• Connections (Layer 1, 2 or 3)

• Negotiate own Peering Agreements

50,000 sf 20,000 sf 30,000 sf TOTAL: 100,000 sf

PUBLIC PEERING

• Access for Larger Community• Carrier Neutral• Single Operator with Consortium

Rules • Route Arbitration or Transit

MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING

• Environmental Support Systems

Enhanced Version of the NAPEnhanced Version of the NAP

50,000 sf 30,000 sf 40,000 sf TOTAL: 200,000 sf 80,000 sf

OPERATIONS & ADMINISTRATION MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING

Same as Basic

VIRTUAL & PRIVATE PEERING

Same as Basic

PUBLIC PEERING

Same as Basic

Same as Basic

CO-LOCATION

• Sold as square foot or Racks• Types of uses may include:

• Data Centers or Web Hosting

• Caching Services

• Application Service Providers or E-Commerce

• Education and Research

Infrastructure CriteriaInfrastructure Criteria(Sites & Buildings)(Sites & Buildings)

What are the Important Criteria What are the Important Criteria for Site Selection?for Site Selection?

• Proximity to Fiber RoutesProximity to Fiber Routes

• Proximity to Carrier Proximity to Carrier LocationLocation

• MinimumMinimum Two Power GridsTwo Power Grids

• On-site or EnclosedOn-site or Enclosed ParkingParking

• Post war structurePost war structure

• Industrial ZoningIndustrial Zoning

• Accessibility to SiteAccessibility to Site

• Void of Neighborhood Void of Neighborhood RestrictionsRestrictions

• Federal, State, Local Federal, State, Local Development ZonesDevelopment Zones

• ExpandableExpandable

• Above Flood PlainAbove Flood Plain

• Void of Hazardous MaterialsVoid of Hazardous Materials

• Fuel Storage AvailableFuel Storage Available

• Site Lines to Major Telecom Site Lines to Major Telecom HubsHubs

• Secure AreaSecure Area

• Unrestricted Air RightsUnrestricted Air Rights

Possible Sites in Extended Miami AreaPossible Sites in Extended Miami Area

• Distance from Int’l. Airport

• Lack of Federal, State or Local Development Zones

Boca RatonBoca Raton

• Major Fiber Routes available

• Proximity to Executive Airport

• International Cable landings nearby

• Desirable Environment

• Growing “Dot Com” Market

• Redundant Power Grids

Pros

Cons

Palm BeachInt’l. Airport

20Miles

CommercialDevelopmentTech Region

Land AvailableFor Development

BellSouth ‘Boca Tecca’ C.O.

Major FiberBackbone

Int’l. CarrierPOP

Fiber BackboneCSX ROW

Lynne Univ.

Florida AtlanticUniv.

Int’l. CableLanding

Int’l. CarrierPOP

Boca RatonExecutive Airport

BellSouth BocaMain C.O.

Int’l. CableLanding

Ft. LauderdaleInt’l. Airport

20 Miles

Multiple PowerSubstations

SurroundingResidential

Communities

Pros

• International Airport nearby

• Land available for development

• Desirable environment

Cons

• Limited Major Fiber Routes

• Limited “Dot Com” presence

• No Federal, State, or Local Development Zones

• Far from International Cabling Landing

West DadeWest Dade

Limited “Dot Comm”Presence

Miami Int’l.Airport

BellSouthPalmetto CO

Major FiberBackbone - FEC

Florida Int’l.Univ.

Land Available forDevelopment

Multiple PowerSubstations

Pros

• Major Fiber Routes nearby

• Carrier POPs nearby

• International Cable Landing nearby

• Federal, State and Local Development Zones Available

• Multiple Power Grids available

Cons

• Distance from International Airport

• Limited Dot Com presence

Downtown MiamiDowntown MiamiInternational

Cable Landing

Major Fiber Backbones on Railroad

BellSouth GrandeC.O.

Multiple CarrierPOPs

InternationalCable Landing

Federal/State/LocalDevelopment Zones

MIA7 Miles Away

University of Miami

Miami-Dade Community

College

NAP PolicyNAP PolicyPublic Peering Area Private Peering Area

Co-location AreaVirtual Private Peering Area

• Open Mode• Carrier Neutral• Bring Your Own Equipment

& Facilities• Flexible but Secure• Peering Negotiated by

Individual Parties

• Virtual Circuits to NAP for Peering

• Same as Private Peering Minus Equipment Co-location

• Secure• Caged or Open Racks• Sold By Square Foot or Rack

Wholesale Space

•

NAP Access Charges

• Building Entry

• Cross Connect

• Port/Speed Type

• Space & Power

• Operations Charges

NAP Access Charges

• Building Entry

• Cross Connect

• Port/Speed Type

• Space & Power

• Operations Charges

• Transit from Carriers• Route Arbitration Favors• Least Cost Routes - controls

prices• User Fees based on Usage

($/Terrabit)

NAP ServicesNAP ServicesPublic Peering Area Private Peering Area

Co-location AreaVirtual Private Peering Area

• Core Management• Element

Management• Service Accounting• Service Level• Management• Smart Hands

• Core Management• Smart Hands

• Core Management• Element Management• Service Level• Management• Smart Hands

• A la carte Suite of ServicesREQUIREDOPTIONAL

Legend

AdvantagesAdvantages

• Less ExpensiveLess Expensive

• Less ComplexLess Complex

• Virtual LAN SecurityVirtual LAN Security

• Higher Port DensityHigher Port Density

• Greater Participant ControlGreater Participant Control

• ScalabilityScalability

Core Management Options for the NAPCore Management Options for the NAP

AdvantagesAdvantages

• More Management VisibilityMore Management Visibility

• OC-192 TodayOC-192 Today

• Better StatisticsBetter Statistics

• Ability to Implement Ability to Implement FirewallFirewall

Layer 2 Technology• ATM• Ethernet

Layer 3 Technology • IP

Building It TogetherBuilding It Together

NEXTNEXTGENERATIONGENERATION

NETWORKNETWORK

East Coast Optical NetworkEast Coast Optical Network

ECONETECONET

U of Maryland

Penn State

Mid Atlantic Mid Atlantic Crossroads Crossroads

(MAX)(MAX)

Naval Research Lab

RTPRTP

DukeDukeChapel HillChapel Hill

NC StateNC State

U Miami

ATDNET

NCMC

FIU

PartnershipPartnership

THE CAPACITY TO PROVIDE RESEARCH THE CAPACITY TO PROVIDE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION TO THE WORLDAND EDUCATION TO THE WORLD