advanced digital systems - marintec china

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Dr Martin Stopford© 3 September 2020 11

Advanced Digital SystemsDr Martin Stopford

President Clarkson Research3 September 2020



ADVANCED DIGITAL SYSTEMSWhat they do, how they work & their crucial role in shipping’s strategy for global cargo transport & emissions

1. The three maritime digital networks2. Using digital networks to revolutionise ship performance3. The key role of satellite communication networks4. Conclusions


1. The three maritime digital networks

✓There are three digital networks themaritime industry uses today .

✓We are starting to add a fourth –advanced digital networks on boardship



1860 1930s 1960s 1990s 2000s

The three maritime digital networks: -


I4 on

ships

Terminal

THE I4 MARITIMENETWORK

3. Smart sensors

2. CheapMicro

controllers

4. Smart Actuators

5. Artificialintelligence

1. Advanced satellite services I4

devices &

softw

are I4revolution in

industry & transportI4

message n

etwo

rks

8. Network protocols

7. Uniqueidentifiers

(UIDs)

9. Smart apps

10. Voice & touch

interfaces

6. Networks

world cable network

125 bill messages/day

27k Morse code messages/day

1. Telegraph 3. Telex 6. E-mail

2. Telephone 5. Fax

Fiber optic cables20 trn+ bps capacity

NET

WO

RK

1ca

ble

net

wo

rk

Satellite communications for shipsInmarsat set up in 1979

Radio communications

NET

WO

RK

2Sa

telli

te n

etw

ork

Integrated circuit boards get smaller & cheaper

Micro-controllers

Mobiles Smart phones

WEB

Computers (1960s)

CDC 6600 super-

computer had 10 MHz clock speed (10x other machines) & 980k memory. Cost $7 m.

EDIedgeCLOUD

NET

WO

RK

3C

om

pu

ter

net

wo

rkNETWORK 4

Digital networks on ships


2. Using Digital Networks to Revolutionise Ship Performance

✓Digital networks are the stepping-stones to launching the maritime I4revolution.

✓They are the only way to manage thecomplex on-board systems needed.



1. Computers communicate with DIGITAL data (binary strings). 2. Smart ship will have many computer devices sending messages to each other. 3. Any device receiving a message must know how it is encoded.

Dr Martin Stopford© 3 September 2020 6*A “bit” is a binary digit, 0 or 1

Smart valve reads 5 (fully open) and sends digital message “5” in ascii digital code

ascii 1010 110

ascii 1010 110

It reads 5..the valve is open

send

receive

Format of typical network message

digital network


4. Ballast & trimECU

CANbus network for ships – maybe development of NMEA 2000 protocol

External

com

mu

nicatio

ns

Ad

min

com

pu

ter system

3. Auxiliary machinery ECU

2. Auxiliary power ECU

1. Propulsion & manoeuvring (ECU)

5. Navigation, safety ECU

6. Cargo handling

ECU

7. Information &communication

ECU

8. Monitoring & Mmaintenance

ECU

In future messages will replace wiring on ships because:-

Dr Martin Stopford© 3 September 2020

7

1. Replacing point to point wires with networked messages is much more efficient :-✓ Low cost – digital network

replace expensive point to point wiring.

✓ Efficient –safety and control algorithms add value & little cost.

✓ QA works better - error diagnosis routines built in

✓ Robust – from electrical disturbances

✓ Flexible – easy to roll out upgrades.

Commands transmitted through the “backbone” are arbitrated by ECUs

Control network operating under industry protocols etc

Sensors located

round ship

ECU = Electronic control unit

OBD2 Ports

Actuators & switches

round ship


3. The key role of satellite communication networks

Inmarsat is rapidly expanding and improving satellite communications

8

Dr Martin Stopford© 3 September 2020


Satellite communications are

vital to integrating the operations of

ships; shore offices, business partners and

customers. Will that capacity really be

available? There are 4 points to make: –

• High growth: investment program will expand capacity over the next 3 years.

• Dynamic beamforming automatically focuses capacity where it’s most needed.

• Fewer dropped lines: seamless "relocation" between satellites by focusing backup capacity.

• Version compatibility: new versions will be backwards compatible (for existing customers)

• Shorter lead times: less than 2 years to commission a new satellite.



4. Conclusions

• Advanced digital networks of micro controllers will revolutionise ship operations– it is already happening.

• Developing networking protocols for big cargo ships would streamline fleet management and emissions reporting

• It’s going to be fun – Silicon Valley meets the world’s oldest industry!!


advanced digital systems - marintec china

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