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Eleanor's Responses toward Domestic Violence in Rainbow Rowell's Eleanor & Park: Feminist Criticism in Children

literature

A THESIS

Submitted As Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement

For the Sarjana Degree of English Department

Faculty of Humanities

Universitas Airlangga

Surabaya

BY

INKE YUDHITIA SAVITRI

St. N: 121311223010

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF HUMANITIES

UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA

SURABAYA

2016

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Dedication

I dedicate this thesis to my mother who had passed away.

She gave me a powerful influence so I could become a

better person like today

I also dedicate this thesis to all of my family and friends. I

am so blessed for having them in my life

I love them all.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbil‘alamin. First of all, I would like to express my

gratitude to Allah SWT, The Most Gracious and The Most Merciful, for the help,

spirit, and strength.

I realize that this thesis would never be accomplished without the guidance

of the lecturers of English Department, Universitas Airlangga. Therefore, I would

like to thank Titien Diah Soelistyarini, M.Si as my thesis advisor for her time and

patience in guiding me to finish this thesis paper. The process to finish this thesis

is not easy and without her help and support, this thesis would never be finished.

To all lecturers of the English Department, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas

Airlangga, I respectfully thank them for making it possible for me to study here.

This thesis is also dedicated to my family: my beloved parents, my aunt ―dedek‖

who is like my second mother, and my lovely brothers Adit and Bram. As the

biggest motivation to finish this thesis as soon as possible, they have never

stopped supporting and praying for me throughout the time of my research.

I would like to thank Restya A.W, Nila W.D., Dinda Balqis, and

Amillatulaila S., Theresia C., and Mardyana S. for being good friends who are

always willing to help and give their best suggestion and listen to my problems.

My gratitude also belongs to the rest of the students in AJ Class of 2013 for being

good classmates. To my beloved Ning Elsa W., Flavia C.J., Hernadia Ines,

Badzlina S., I deeply appreciate their jokes and laughter that always brighten up

my days. I would also like to thank to my eternal best friend since junior high

school, Rarhas W., Alifta Ainin, Nadhia Z., Riska F., Cinthya, Rista P., and Olivia

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R. for being truly such beautiful women with beautiful heart who inspire me a lot.

I would also like to say thanks to my friends from Paguyuban Cak dan Ning

Surabaya especially for ―Dulur 2014‖, and others whose names cannot be

mentioned one by one. Last but not least, my deepest gratitude goes to my

beloved mom as the biggest influencer for me. She must be a beautiful angel up

there. Thank you for the supports and love.

The writer

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Epigraph

“Life isn't about finding yourself. Life is about

creating yourself.”

― George Bernard Shaw―

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Table of Content

DECLARATION .................................................................................................. iii

Dedication ............................................................................................................. iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. vii

Epigraph ............................................................................................................... ix

Table of Content .................................................................................................... x

ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... xii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................................... 1

1.2 Statements of the Problem ............................................................................ 7

1.3 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................. 7

1.4 Significance of the Study .............................................................................. 7

1.5 Scope and Limitations ................................................................................... 8

1.6 Theoretical Background ................................................................................ 9

1.7 Method of the Study .................................................................................... 10

1.8 Definition of Key Terms ............................................................................. 11

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................... 13

2.1 Theoretical Framework ............................................................................... 13

2.1.1 Feminist Literary Criticism .................................................................. 14

2.1.1.1 Feminism in Children literature ..................................................... 17

2.1.1.2 Gender Roles Stereotyping in Children literature .......................... 20

2.1.2 Children and Domestic Violence in America ...................................... 22

2.2 Review of Related Studies .......................................................................... 23

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CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 25

3.1 The Portrayal of Woman Oppression .......................................................... 25

3.1.1 Domestic Violence ............................................................................... 26

3.1.1.1 Alcohol Addiction .......................................................................... 26

3.1.1.2 Children as ―Subordinate and Other‖ ............................................. 29

3.1.1.3 Male Domination ........................................................................... 33

3.2 Gender Roles Stereotyping in Children literature ....................................... 40

3.2.1 Body Appearance ................................................................................. 40

3.3. Eleanor‘s Responses to the Oppression ..................................................... 45

CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION ............................................................................ 55

SYNOPSIS ........................................................................................................... 64

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ABSTRACT

Children literature does not only play an important part in developing

children‘s language skills, but also in transmitting knowledge about life and culture. As one of the important aspects in our culture and society, knowledge of gender roles is often learned by children through children‘s books that represent images of gender roles within the text. In this study, a novel entitled Eleanor & Park by Rainbow Rowell raises an issue of oppression experienced by the main character, Eleanor. Portrayed as a young girl growing up in the midst of domestic violence, Eleanor has to deal with oppression from her stepfather. To analyze Eleanor‘s experience as victim of child abuse, feminist criticism on children literature is applied as the main theory, which focuses on discussing child‘s responses to against patriarchy. This study is a qualitative research where the data is taken from the novel, library research, journals, and other resources which are appropriate in conducting the analysis. This study shows that having been through oppression and violence in her young age, Eleanor attempts to find her own way to survive and fight for her rights. By doing so, she also survives to against the oppression and breaks the traditional gender roles.

Keywords: Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, Gender Stereotype, Patriarchy

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