adjuvants an overview of the adjuvants in use in region 8
TRANSCRIPT
Adjuvants
An overview of the adjuvants in use in Region 8
Adjuvants
Any material added to a pesticide mixture to modify its behavior; includes wetting
agents, spreader stickers, other surfactants, penetrants, and drift control
agents
Adjuvants – some definitions
Polar vs. non-polar
Polar compounds are compounds which have, due to their structure, have a definite imbalance in charge – resulting in a positive and a negatively charged end - +
Polar bear?
Adjuvants – some definitions
Polar vs. non-polar
Non-polar compounds are compounds which have evenly distributed charge throughout their molecules
Adjuvants – some definitions
R +
-Polar Non-polar
Adjuvants – some definitions
Polar vs. non-polar
Polarity in a chemical aids in spreading the chemical over a polar surface or in penetrating one
Adjuvants – some definitions
Ionic vs. non-ionic
In solution ionic molecules separate into positively and negatively charged subparts (ions) while non-ionic molecules do not
Adjuvants – some definitions
Ionic vs. non-ionic
R +
-
Ions from an ionic compound
Non-ionic molecule
Adjuvants – some definitions
Ionic vs. non-ionic
Ions from an ionic compound can interfere with the activity of a polar or an ionic pesticide while non-ionic compounds do not
Adjuvants
Surfactant
Any material added to a pesticide formulation which is designed to modify the surface characteristics of the target
organism
Surfactants
Wetting Agent
Any material added to a pesticide mixture which serves to make the surface
“wetter” so as to allow more rapid spread of the pesticide on the target –
often called a ‘spreader’
Without wetting agent
With a wetting agent
Wetting agents
Penetrant
Any material which modifies the target surface in a way which allows more
rapid penetration of the surface of the organism by the pesticidal formulation
Penetrants
Mineral oil Napthenic oil
Diesel oil
Penetrants
Vegetable oil Organic silicone
Penetrants
Products designed to create invert emulsions (oil in water)
Spreader
Any material added to a pesticide formulation which improves the
formulations ability to rapidly form a film on the target surface – generally interchanged with “wetting agent”
Sticker
Any material added to a formulated pesticide which improves the ability of the pesticide to adhere to the target
surface
Stickers
Drift Control Agent
Materials added to a mixture to increase the size of droplets and decrease the tendency of the pesticide to drift off-
target
Drift control agents
Materials added to a formulation which marks a treated stem so that later identification of those treated vs. not treated is simplified Dyes in either amine or ester formulations
are the most common pattern indicators
Pattern indicators