adjudication considerations for british parliamentary debate
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ADJUDICATIONSTANDARDS FORBRITISH PARLIAMENTARY DEBATE
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A DEBATE IS JUDGED ON THE BASIS OF:
1. Matter:What you present (i.e. the content)
2. Manner:How you present (i.e. the style)
3. Method:Organisation/ structure of your presentation
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1. Definitions:- Set up of the debate
2. Arguments:
-Must be logical
-Must be relevant
3. Evidences:
-Must be relevant
- Evidential value
(strength)
ELEMENTS OF MATTER
4. Rebuttals:Must be logical
Must be relevant
Must be prompt
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Explain the key-words in the topic.
Identify what you want to prove
and what is your stand. This iscalled the theme of your team.
If there is a measurementinvolved, set up the yardstick orcriteria for such measurement.
DEFINING A TOPIC
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It must bear a close relation to the motion.
It must not be truistic.
It must not employ time or place setting.
It must not be based on overly specific knowledge
Characteristics of a Proper Definition:
RULES OF DEFINITION
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You can only challenge a definition if it
violates any of the criteria stated earlier.
Frequently used terms in challengingdefinitions are: wholly unreasonable,
squirrel, time-place set, truistic.
You cannot challenge a definition simply
because you have a more reasonable or
better definition.
Grounds for Challenge:
CHALLENGING A DEFINITION
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Challenge must come from the
leader of the opposition, not later.
Leader of the opposition must
provide an alternative definition.
In most of the cases, the teams must
introduce an 'even ifargument.
CHALLENGING A DEFINITION
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An Even if 'argument is not possible in somecases. (e.g. truistic definition & definition
running counter to the resolution i.e. where
govt. has taken the oppositions case).
In a definition debate, all the speakers except
the PM argue the following: Why challenge?
Validity/ invalidity of the two definitions.
Even if we are to accept the other side's definition,
these are the weaknesses of their case.
Positive case under their own definition.
CHALLENGING A DEFINITION
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First, identify what you have to proveunder the topic.
Then, identify what helps you to prove it.
Put them in the format of an argument ora set of arguments.
Not everything that you know on the
subject is relevant.Anticipate the questions that may be
raised against your arguments and see if
you have good answers to them.
GETTING THE RIGHT ARGUMENTS
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Block the opportunity for thosequestions to be raised by addressing
them briefly as you explain the argument.
Present the arguments in order of
their strength.
Avoid empty rhetoric and
emotionalism -be rational.
GETTING THE RIGHT ARGUMENTS
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Basic statement
Conclusion / how it proves
your teams theme
Proofs/ evidences/ examples that
factually establish your basic statement
Logical explanations of why and
how the basic statement stands
ESTABLISHING AN ARGUMENT
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Attacks
(Rebut the Arguments)
Defence
(Rebut the Rebuttals)
Rebuttals
EFFECTIVE REBUTTALS
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Do not rebut the example, attack the very premise of
the argument of the other side. Only then
contrary examples can be supplemented.
It is advisable to provide multiple rebuttals to
each argument of the other side.
Rebuttals should also be in conformity with your case.
Rebut the rebuttals of your case by the other
side in order to defend your case.
EFFECTIVE REBUTTALS
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Respectable attitude towards the judgesand the other team.
Vocal style: volume, clarity, pace, intonation etc.
Use of notes: not to read a written text.
Eye contact.
Body language: hand gestures, pacing,
standing etc.
Impression of sincerity.
Humour, wit, appropriate and healthy sarcasm.
ELEMENTS OF MANNER/STYLE
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Team Structure- Continuity of teams theme in all the speeches.
- Consistency among all the speakers (no contradictions)
- Reinforcement of team members' arguments
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Clear & logical separation between arguments.
Individual Structure- Attractive opening/outline of the speech.
-Proper organisation& priority of the arguments.
- Organisation of rebuttals.
- Appropriate timing of the speech
- Summary of the speech.
ELEMENTS OF METHOD
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Responses to the dynamics of the debate
- Right thing at the right time.
- Ability to follow the progression of
and changes in the debate, and to re-act
accordingly.
ELEMENTS OF METHOD
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- Defines
- Builds a positive case tosupport the motion
- Responds to theOpp.s case.
- Responds to thegovernments case
- Builds a case to oppose
the motion
-Supports the Opening Gov.s case,
- Adds new dimensions,arguments to furthersubstantiate thegovernments case.
- Responds to theOpp.s case
-Supports the OpeningOppositions case
- Adds new dimension,arguments in Opp.s case
- Responds to governments case
OPENING GOV.
CLOSING GOV. CLOSING OPP.
OPENING OPP.
TEAM ROLES
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A POI can be in a question orstatement form and should not
take more than 15 seconds.
Each speaker should accept at
least two POIs.
All three members of the team
should try to give POIs, but they
must not be disruptive.
POINTS OF INFORMATION (POIs)
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