Adipose Tissue VJonathan grimwood eddie smith

Leah Sanders Leah Wagner

Fatty Wap Squad (FWS)

How does exercise effect levels of adipose tissue?

In general, there appears to be an inverse relationship between physical activity and measures of fat mass and distribution.

Physical activity creates a negative energy balance and in turn will reduce fat mass*.

Reduction of fat mass ultimately depends on the net energy deficit.

http://physrev.physiology.org/content/92/1/157.long

Aerobic Exercise & Levels of Adipose Tissue

“Exercise Effect on Weight and Body Fat in Men and Women” Studied the long term effects of aerobic exercise on adiposity in

men and women A 12-month RCT included 102 men and 100 women, all sedentary

and unfit Control: no intervention

Experimental: facility and home-based moderate-to-vigorous aerobic activity

60 min/day, 6 days/week

Results show decreases in body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, and total body fat

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1038/oby.2007.178/full

How does adipose tissue effect exercise? Strong inverse relationship between total body fat and

aerobic capacity As body fat increases, CRF decreases.

High body mass, regardless of the cause (high BF or high LBM), decreases VO2max relative to body mass

“Influence of Excess Adiposity on Exercise Fitness and Performance in Overweight Children and Adolescents”

Hypothesized that the metabolic costs of moving excess mass results in use of a high proportion of their total oxygen reserve. Compared maximal cycle ergometry tests from 129 severely overweight adolescents

and 39 nonoverweight adolescents

VO2 was taken at a 4-minute period of unloaded cycling, at the lacate threshold, and at maximal exertion

Heart rate taken at rest and at VO2 max

Participants also completed a 12-minute walk/run rest for distance traveled and HR

Found that overweight adolescents were limited by the increased cardiorespiratory effort required to move larger body mass through space than by cardiorespiratory deconditioning.

Issues & Hot Topics:Turning White Fat Into Energy-Burning Brown Fat Researchers from Columbia University Medical Center have

identified a mechanism that can give energy-storing white fat some of the beneficial characteristics of energy-burning brown fat.

White fat can be "browned" with a class of drugs called thiazolidazines (TZDs), which increase the body's sensitivity to insulin. TZDs have adverse effects -- including liver toxicity, bone loss, and,

ironically, weight gain – which limits the use of these drugs.

Findings are based on studies of mice and human fat tissue

Issues & Hot Topics:Obesity Discrimination

Individuals are subject to negative bias, prejudice and discrimination in many different settings

workplace

educational institutions

healthcare facilities

Unfortunately, weight bias remains socially acceptable in North American culture; rarely challenged and often ignored.

Issues & Hot Topics:Fat Free Talk Week & The Body Project

Designed to get individuals to think about the psychological effect of innocent comments regarding image and weight loss

Brings awareness to the “thin-ideal” Reject the “thin-ideal”, and accept a healthier and

realistic ideal Embrace non-appearance related characteristics in

themselves and in others.