addi ves and heat stabilizers for pvc plas solpvc heat stabilizer pvc resin needs rela vely high...
TRANSCRIPT
A S u s t a i n a b l e A p p r o a c h t o M o d e r n C o a t i n g Te c h n o l o g y.
Addi�ves and Heat Stabilizers for PVC Plas�sol
A Sustainable Approach to Modern Coating Technology
Patcham FZC is a well-established manufacturer of specialty addi�ves headquartered in the United Arab Emirates. Since its incep�on, Patcham has steadily grown into a leading supplier of specialty addi�ves for Paint & Coa�ngs, Ink, PVC and Composite industries.
The company’s Pat-Add range of coa�ng addi�ves includes we�ng & dispersing agents, defoam-ers, slip & leveling agents, rheology modifiers. Whilst keeping focus on environmental sustainabil-ity, the company produces products using green raw materials that are APEO free and have low or no VOC.
These products are mul� func�onal and mul� compa�ble, which simplifies the produc�on pro-cess, reduces the chance of errors and minimizes inventory thus improving cost effec�veness.
Patcham has built a strong manufacturing and R&D infrastructure that enables the rapid transi-�on from concept to products. The company has strategically located technical service laborato-ries, offices and representa�ves around the world to provide the most efficient customer service. In addi�on, a well-developed robust supply chain network enables it to deliver its products and services to customers around the globe with minimal lead-�me.
w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Introduc�on
Plas�sols
Applica�ons
Issues
Patcham Addi�ves We�ng and Dispersing Agents
Pat-Add DA 3225
Pat-Add DA 895
Pat-Add DA 2025
Deaerators
Pat-Add AF 5106
Pat-Add DA 7006 / 7006 N
PVC Heat Stabilizers Issues
Kickers
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
IntroductionWhat is a Plas�sol?
PVC Plas�sol are liquid dispersion systems of polyvinyl chlo-ride and PVC copolymer resin in compa�ble plas�cizers. The liquids may vary in viscosity from thin milk-like fluids to heavy pastes that have the consistency of molasses.
Figure 1. Color Master Paste of Plas�sol
Figure 2. Various Applications of Plastisols
Applica�on
The range of plas�sol applica�ons is extremely wide, and so are the variety of produc�on methods.
Plas�sol products include the following:
• Ar�ficial leather (e.g. gloves, boots)• Automo�ve ar�ficial leather• Dipped goods and dip coa�ngs (e.g. tool handholds, bar ends)• Toys (e.g. dolls, balls, toy, animals, anatomic models for educa�on)
• Floorings • Wall coverings • Roofing membranes • Carpet backing and heavy weight coa�ngs • Conveyor belts
Main Ingredients
PVC Resin
Plas�cizers
Addi�ve
Fillers
Solvents
Heat Stabilizers & Kickers
w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m2
IntroductionIssues
Figure 3. Longer dispersion time
Raw Materials - Issues
• Long dispersion �me• Pigment streaks/Incomplete we�ng• Flooding and floa�ng of colorants• Storage stability
Rheology Factors - Issues
• High viscosity• Poor air release due to pseudoplas�c rheology Applica�on - Issues
• Pinholes • Air entrapment• Shade varia�ons• Low produc�on yield
Figure 5. Incomplete wetting/High viscosityFigure 4. Air entrapment
3w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Patcham AdditivesWe�ng and dispersing addi�ves
Dispersion of par�cles in plas�cizer, there are deficiencies that need to be corrected through the use of addi�ves. High viscosity, long disper-sion �me, flooding and unstable pigment concentrates are some of the issues related to we�ng and dispersion (Figure 3 and 4).
Introduc�on of energy by the use of machines through high shear will break down agglomerat-ed par�cles into its individual par�cles. If these individual par�cles are not fully stabilized, the finely distributed par�cles reagglomerate and form flocculates (Figure 6).
Pat-Add we�ng and dispersing addi�ves stabi-lize the dispersed par�cles by adsorbing onto the surface of pigments or filler par�cles. Elec-trosta�c repulsion or steric hindrance (Figure 7) will govern on the stabiliza�on of individual par�cles of pigments/fillers.
For the specific applica�on, it is recommended that compa�bility with the plas�cizer should be considered for selec�ng the best addi�ve that will be u�lized.
Figure 7. Stabilization of dispersed particles
• Higher pigment loading with constant viscosity• Shorter dispersion �me• Excellent we�ng of pigments and fillers• Improved flow behavior• Increase product yield• Improved color homogeneity• Longer storage stability of dispersions
Advantages of Pat-Add We�ng and Dispersing Addi�ves:
Figure 6. Wetting and dispersing process
Wetting agents
Dispersing medium
Right beaker:with wetting agent,flowable mill base
Good wetting (adjusting surface tension liquid phase, through wetting agent):
enabling high pigment solidslow mill base viscosityhigh milling efficiency
Entrapped airAgglomerates
Particle covered withwetting agent
Thickness adsorption layer preventing agglomeration...
Higher volume contributes to thicker adsorbed layer, preventingattractive forces to dominate stabilizing forces: stable dispersion!
Pigment Stabilization ofHMV Polymer
w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m4
Patcham AdditivesPat-Add DA 3225
Pat-Add DA 3225 is a HMV ultra-charge polymer technology based we�ng and dispersing addi�ve for solvent borne and solvent free applica�ons. Designed with ultra-dense adhesion charges, providing the strongest a�achment onto pigment surface.
Figure 9. Colorants in Plastisol Application
Table 2. Plastisol Colorants Formulation with Pat-Add DA 3225
Benefits:• Higher pigment loading with lower and flowable viscosity• High color strength development• No adverse effect in end use applica�on• Efficient in pigment dispersion of organic, inorganic and basic black pigment• Improves storage stability
Resin Minimal Pigment ConcentrateRaw materials PY 83 PR 112 PB 15:4 PG 7 Raven 450
DIDP 76.00 64.00 62.00 54.00 67.00
Pat-Add DA 3225 4.00 6.00 7.50 10.50 3.00
Synergist 0.50
Pigment 20.00 30.00 30.00 35.00 30.00
Grinding: Transfer materials to a Horizontal Bead mill, Maintain temperature 77-86°C
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
- - - -
RMPC PY 083 RMPC PR 112 RMPC PB 15:4
RMPC PG 7 RMPC Raven 450
Figure 10. Colorants in Plasticizer with Pat-Add DA 3225
5w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Patcham AdditivesPat-Add DA 895
A mul�-purpose solvent-free we�ng and dispersing addi�ve for PVC plas�sol and thermoplas�cs. Its electroneutral composi�on enables it to stabilize organic and inorganic pigments, par�cularly carbon blacks.
Par�cularly suitable for the produc�on of PVC Colorants/ Color Master paste for PVC. Pat-Add DA 895 creates a Newtonian behavior of the material by reducing viscosity.
Flow behavior RMPC in Styrene free UPR
PW 69.13 Poise
Viscosity at 250C/770F
PBlk 747.73 Poise
PB 15:333.08 Poise
Tin�ng of UPR Colorants to White Gel Coats2% RMPC
Phthalo Blue 15:3 2% RMPC PBlk 7
Ini�al A�er 24 hrs Ini�al A�er 24 hrs
Table 1. Guide formulation with Pat-Add DA 895
Raw Materials
% SOP
Liquid epoxy resin 30.50 59.00 30.00 63.20 25.30
Pigment 60.00 22.00 50.00 15.00 50.00
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Pat-Add DA 895 1.50 4.00 7.50 5.70 6.00
Aerosil 972 0.30 - - - -
Pat-Add AF 35 0.20 0.10 0.20 0.10 0.20
Reac�ve diluents(C12-C14 type)
7.50 14.90 12.30 16.00 18.50
2.5 18.2 15.00 38.00 12.00
TiO2 - ru�le PW 6
Phthalocyanineblue PB 15:3
Yellow ironoxide PY - 42
% by weight
Special black4 - PBlk - 7
Bayferrox RedIron Oxide 1302
PR 101
w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m6
Patcham AdditivesPat-Add DA 2025
Pat-Add DA 2025 is a we�ng and dispersing agent for use in PVC plas�sol.
Pat-Add DA 2025 is most effec�ve for we�ng of inor-ganic pigments, including �tanium dioxide, extenders and blowing agents such as ADC and zinc oxide.
Figure 11. Pigment wetting of Pat-Add DA 2025
Figure 12. Pat-Add DA 2025 in three-roll mill
Figure 13 shows Pat-Add DA 2025 will allow higher filler loading without high viscosity build up. This will enable the formulator to make highly filled plastisol without compro-mising workability of the paste.
Reference Pat-Add DA 2025
Reference Pat-Add DA 2025
Raw Materials Parts by weight
DOP 50.00
ADC Powder 50.00
Pat-Add DA 2025 0.25
Total 100.25
Table 3. Guide formulation with Pat-Add DA 2025
7w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Patcham AdditivesDeaerators
Pat-Add AF 5106
Pat-Add DA 7006 / 7006 N
Pat-Add AF 5106 is a green bio based addi�ve used as air release and de-airing agent. Pat-Add AF 5106 removes entrapped air in plas�sol prepara�ons and eliminates surface defects of cured plas�sol ar�cles.
Key benefits of Pat-Add AF 5106:
• Remove entrapped air during plas�sol prepara�ons
• Avoid surface defects like pin holes
• A�ain smooth finish
• Work with higher volumes more easily
• No adverse effect in foam applica�ons
Performance of Pat-Add AF 5106
Blank Pat-Add AF 5103
On mixing After 48 hours
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
% A
ir Tr
ap
Higher filler load at constant viscosity
Fille
r con
tent
phr
phr Pat-Add DA 7006 / 7006 N
150
135
120
105
90
751 2 3 4 5 6 Blank
Pat-Add DA 7006/7006 N is a medium vola�le viscosity depressant for PVC plas�sols. It keeps the plas�-sol mass workable over long period of storage and prevents viscosity build up. It also allows incorporat-ing more filler by keeping same viscosity of the PVC plas�sols.
Main benefits are:
• High filler loading with constant viscosity
• Extremely effec�ve for filler we�ng
• Provides excellent stability of PVC plas�sols without any sedimenta�on
w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m8
PVC Heat Stabilizer
PVC resin needs rela�vely high processing temperatures
Resin suffers heat degrada�on at the lower temperatures than processing temperatures
Results in loss of proper�es
Mechanical
Colour
Issues
Kickers (PVC Foam Stabilizers)Patstab 701 (Fast)Patstab702 (Medium)Patstab 305 ( Medium/ Fast)Patstab 321K ( Medium/ Fast)Patstab 419K ( Medium)
Kicker Potassium / Zinc Phenol free
Phenol free---
Phenol free
Kicker Barium / Zinc
Kicker Calcium/ Zinc
Heat StabilizersType Grade
Barium / Zinc
Patstab 301 Low phenol, Nonylphenyl free Patstab 303
Patstab 307 Patstab 306
Patstab 308
Patstab 324
Patstab 336
---
Patstab 355 SF PTBBA, 2-EHA free
Calcium / Zinc
PTBBA, 2-EHA free Patstab 405
Patstab 411
Patstab 410 PTBBA, 2-EHA freePhenol freeNonylphenyl free
Patstab 401
--- Patstab 409
Patstab 415
Patstab CZL65
www.patchamltd.com
PATCHAM (FZC)
P.O. Box: 7753,Saif Zone, Sharjah, UAETel: +971-6-5570035Fax: +971-6-5570038Email: [email protected]
PATCHAM INDIA
B-52, Pravasi Industrial EstateVishweshwar Nagar, Off Aarey RoadGoregoan (E), Mumbai - 400 063 (India)Tel: +91-22-29272471
PATCHAM EUROPE BV
Oranjestraat 107451 CC HoltenNetherlandsEmail: [email protected]
PATCHAM USA LLC
10 Commerce RoadFairfield, New Jersey – 07004Tel: (201) 293-4282Fax: (201) 820-0818Email: [email protected]
The information given in this booklet is intended for technical guidance without obligation. Ver. 1.4