adaptations &you! you are made of traits. what is a trait?
TRANSCRIPT
Adaptations &You!
You are made of traits.What is a trait?
A trait is …a distinct characteristic (hair color, height, etc.) of an organism that may be inherited or acquired. What’s the difference
between an inherited and acquired trait?
Acquired Trait …A characteristic that
is learned or obtained through experience. It is not passed on to offspring.
Examples of acquired traits.
Inherited Trait …A characteristic that
is passed from parent to offspring through the process of genetics.
Examples of inherited traits.
How do you get an inherited
trait?An inherited trait is passed on
during reproduction.
There are two types of
reproduction …Asexual reproductionSexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction is reproduction without sex.You only need one parent.
The offspring is/are identical to
the parent.You can’t identify offspring or
parent.
There are two types of asexual
reproduction.
Fission – the parent splits into two or more identical organisms.Examples
Fragmentation/regeneration – the parent breaks into
different fragments and each grow into a new
organism.Examples
Sexual ReproductionReproduction
with two parents – a male and
female.
The female produces an egg.
The male produces sperm.
When the egg & sperm unite, offspring are
produced.Offspring are similar to, but
different, from the parents.
Half of the genetic material comes from each
parent.
Asexual ReproductionAdvantages Disadvantage
s
FastEasy
Don’t have to find a partnerDon’t have to
travelLess can go
wrongDon’t have to
raise offspring
No variety
Sexual ReproductionAdvantages Disadvantage
s
Variety SlowComplex
Have to have a partner
May have to travel
Much can go wrong
Time raising offspring
Now we know about traits, what do they do for us?They are responsible for survival in an environment.
Traits help an organism adapt to its environment.Adaptations -
Characteristics that give an organism a better chance of survival.
There are two types of adaptations.
These are the inherited traits.
The first type is structural
adaptations.
These are the acquired traits.
The second type is behavioral
adaptations.
Structural traits help an organism survive in certain
environments.
Bird beaks are great examples of
adaptations. Beak Food
Cracker
Seed eater. The bill is strong and used to crack open seeds.
Beak Food
Tweezers
Insect eater. They are used to pick insects off leaves, twigs, and bark.
Chisel
Insect eater. Chisel is used to get insects under bark.
Needle
Nectar eater. Uses needle beak to get into flowers to get the nectar.
Hook
Meat eater. Used to bite the skull or neck; tears the body into pieces small enough to swallow.
When is a trait a disadvantage?
When the environment
changes.
Look at bird beaks again.What’s a seed eater
to do if the seeds are gone?The beak is so strong
it will smash insects & fruits.
What good is white fur if it never snows?
Webbed feet are not that helpful on the
land.
What are some unique adaptations &
traits?How about mimicry? (resemblance of a species
to another species or natural objects; provides
concealment and protection from
predators).
The Monarch and Viceroy
The monarch is a bitter-
tasting butterfly.
The viceroy mimics the monarch.
The Honey Bee and Syrphid Fly
The honey bee has a
nasty sting predators
avoid.
The syrphid fly mimics the honey
bee.
The Coral & Scarlet King Snakes
The coral snake is
poisonous.
The scarlet king snake mimics the coral snake."Red on yellow, kill a fellow.
Red on black, won't hurt Jack."
The Orchid and the Mantid
The orchid attracts
insects for pollination.
The orchid mantid mimics the orchid in order to catch
prey.
We can selectively
choose traits for plants
and animals.
The original corn was tough and had
little taste.We have selectively chosen
corn traits; our corn is now soft
and sweet.
100 years ago, cows gave less milk than
they do today.Through selective
breeding, cows give more milk than in
the past.
Dogs have been selectively bred for desired traits.
?
Body structure is also adapted to a
specific environment.
Birds have hollow bones and other specialized
bones to aid flight.
Hair and blubber insults the body.
The otter’s hair concentration is between 170,000 – 1,062,000 per square inch.
Hair and blubber insults the body.
The shape of a fish’s body helps it move through
the water.
That’s a quick overview of adaptations.