Adaptation FIRST FIVE.

In the deep sea, some fish have larger eyes than others. Fish with larger eyes can see better. There is very little light. Describe what caused the variation in

fish eye size. Describe the environmental pressure. Describe what will happen to the small-

eyed fish. Explain why.

Describe what will happen to the large-eyed fish. Explain why.

Catalyst What caused the variation in fish eye size?

A mutation caused the variation in eye size. What is the environmental pressure?

The environmental pressure is the amount of light.

Describe what will happen to the small-eyed fish. Explain why. The small-eyed fish will live a shorter life and

produce fewer offspring because they cannot see their predators or prey as well.

Describe what will happen to the large-eyed fish. Explain why. The large-eyed fish will have a longer life and

produce more offspring because they can see their food (prey) and their predators better.

In the deep sea, some fish have larger eyes than others. Fish with larger eyes can see better. There is very little light.

Agenda

Exit Question and Catalyst Review What Is an Adaptation? Is This an Adaptation? Planet Earth Exit Question

HOMEWORK: Adaptations worksheetSkittles Lab due Friday

(Answer ALL questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES!)

Objective

By the end of today, all SWBAT…

Describe whether or not a trait is an adaptation

Adaptation

Key Point #1: When mutations build up over many generations, they produce adaptations. Adaptations = Heritable traits that

increase an organism’s fitness in a specific environment.

Break It DownStop! Biology

time!!!

Heritable: passed on through genes; inherited from parents.

Key Point #2: To be an adaptation, a trait MUST be

heritable

Not all traits are heritable! Heritable traits: eye color, hair color, skin

color, height, hairiness Non-heritable traits: tattoos, favorite type of

music, hairstyle, learned knowledge

“Adaptations are heritable traits…”

Structural Adaptation(Physical features)

Bird Wing

Moth Coloring

Physiological Adaptations(Chemical production)

Secreting Slime

Making venomBioluminescence

Behavioral Adaptations

Migration is a voluntary behavior

Goosebumps is a reflex behavior

“…that increases an organism’s fitness…” Fitness: Ability of an organism to

survive and have children. Key Point #3:

To be an adaptation, a trait MUST increase fitness

“…in a specific environment.”

Whether or not a trait increases an organism’s fitness depends on the specific environment that it lives in.

DOES NOT INCREASE FITNESS

BECAUSE OF THE ENVIRONMENT.

The Point

Make a checklist. Is the trait… Heritable? Going to increase fitness in a specific

environment?

If your answer to either of these questions is “no,” then the trait is NOT AN ADAPTATION.

Example: Crocodile Teeth

Crocodiles have sharp, pointed teeth. The shape of their teeth is heritable. Having sharp, pointed teeth helps them

to survive in their specific environment.

So, it is an adaptation.

Non-Example: Favorite Food

Favorite food is not heritable. Your parents’ favorite food does not have

any bearing on your favorite food. Favorite food does not help you

survive. So, your favorite food is not an

adaptation.

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes

Guided Practice (GP)

Trait Environment Heritable?

Inc. Fitness?

Adaptation?

Wolves develop thick fur

Taiga Yes Yes Yes

Wolves develop thick fur

Tropical forest Yes No No

Beetles burrow in dirt to avoid predators

Beach Yes Yes Yes

Bear learns that lots of fish are found in river

Coniferous forest No Yes No

Humans develop dark skin

Africa Yes Yes Yes

Scorpions develop ability to attack with poison

Desert Yes Yes Yes

Independent Practice

We’re going to watch clips from Planet Earth.

(Hooray, movies!!! Get it, Ms. S!)

Exit Question

Polar bears have thick, white fur.1. Is this trait heritable?2. Does this trait increase polar bears’

fitness in the specific environment that they live in?

If yes, HOW? If no, WHY NOT?

3. Is this trait an adaptation? Explain how you know.

Write in complete sentences!

Don’t talk during the Exit Question!