adam rohde. particles protons: positively charged particles neutrons: neutral particles ...
TRANSCRIPT
Adam Rohde
Particles
Protons: Positively charged particlesProtons: Positively charged particles Neutrons: Neutral particles Electrons: Negatively charged particles
Nucleus
Dense center of the atom Positively charged Consists of protons and neutrons Determines what the element is Contains most of the mass
Electron Cloud
Orbits the nucleus Consists of electrons Takes up most of the space Does not contribute to atomic mass
Atomic Mass
Number of protons and neutrons Atomic mass units (amu) 4 protons + 3 neutrons = 7 amu Electrons are not counted
Nuclear Force
Protons repel each other Held together by strong nuclear force Have to be extremely close Exchange mesons
Atomic Charges
Relative to protons and electrons # of protons > # of electrons: + charge # of electrons > # of protons: - charge # of protons = # of electrons: neutral Neutrons are not counted
Elements
Depend on # of protons # of protons decides placement on the
periodic table Can have different charges Can have different # of neutrons
Ions
Same elements Different charges Hydrogen with 2 electrons: - 1 Hydrogen with 1 electron: neutral Hydrogen with 0 electrons: + 1
Isotopes
Same element Different masses Hydrogen with 1 neutron: 2 amu Hydrogen with 0 neutrons: 1 amu
Periodic Atomic Mass
Mass displayed on the periodic table Average mass of the isotopes Used when determining quantities of
molecules
Quantities
Mass (grams) Moles Molarity
Avogadro’s Number
Used often if chemistry Number of molecules in 1 mole 6.022 x 10e23
Moles
Can be determined from mass Grams / atomic mass Ex: 28g of N / 14 amu = 2 moles
Molarity
Concentration in a solution # of moles / liters of solution Ex: 2 moles of HCl / .5L = 4M
Review
Structure of atoms Charges of atoms Mass of atoms Quantities
References ion. (2009). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
Retrieved October 1, 2009, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ion
isotope. (2009). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.Retrieved October 1, 2009, from http://www.merriam-
webster.com/dictionary/isotope The Strong Nuclear Force. (n.d.). Retrieved October 1, 2009, from
http://aether.lbl.gov/elements/ stellar/strong/strong.html
Weisstein, E. W. (n.d.). l. Retrieved October 1, 2009, from http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/
AvogadrosNumber.html