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Year 9

Autumn 2 Knowledge Organiser

Alan Sillitoe

House Colour: Yellow

The daughter of famed poet Lord Byron, Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace - better

known as “Ada Lovelace” - was born in London on December 10, 1815. Ada showed her

gift for mathematics at an early age. She translated an article on an invention by Charles

Babbage, and added her own comments. Because she introduced many computer

concepts, Ada is considered the first computer programmer. Ada died on November 27,

1852. She was buried, at her request, next to her father at the church of St. Mary

Magdalene, Hucknall, Nottingham.

Ada Lovelace’s contributions to the field of computer science were not discovered until the

1950s, Ada has received many posthumous honours for her work. In 1980 the U.S.

Department of Defence named a newly developed computer language “Ada” after

Lovelace.

House Colour: Green

Rebecca Adlington

House Colour: Blue

Morris Samuels

House Colour: Red

“The more I study, the more

instable do I feel my genius for it”

Ada Lovelace

Ada Lovelace

https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjLhInBlsncAhUwz4UKHa8TCcEQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spectator.co.uk%2F2018%2F03%2Fwas-ada-lovelace-the-true-founder-of-silicon-valley%2F&psig=AOvVaw3P65

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Subject: Geography

Subject: History

Subject: French

Subject: GCSE Computer Science

Subject: Design Technology

Subject: BTEC DIT

Subject: Food Technology

Subject: Art and Design

Subject: Drama

Subject: Hair and Beauty

Subject: Hair and Beauty

Subject: Childcare

Subject: Business BTEC

Subject: OCR Sports Science

Subject: OCR Sports Science

Subject: PSHE & Citizenship

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Contents

Instructions for how to use your Knowledge Organiser

Timetable

Reading Log

Principal’s Reading w/b 5th Nov




Principal’s Reading w/b 3rd Dec

Principal’s Reading w/b 10th Dec

Principal’s Reading w/b 17th Dec

200 Word Challenges

Subject: English

Subject: Maths

Subject: Biology

Subject: Chemistry

Subject: Physics

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Believe at BBA

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Instructions for how to use your Knowledge Organiser Believe at BBA

Read, Cover, Write

Step 1: Read the part of the section you

want to remember.

Step 2: Read it again.

Step 3: Read it aloud.

Step 4: Cover the part you are remembering

with your book.

Step 5: Write as much as you can remember

in your exercise book.

Step 6: Check your answers with a tick for

correct answers or a cross if incorrect.

Step 7: Correct your mistakes with the

information from that section.

Mind mapping

Step 1: Read the part of the section you

want to remember.

Step 2: Draw a mind map with the key

information.

Step 3: Add any extra information that

provides more detail about the topic.

Step 4: Check your answers using the

information in all three sections of the

Knowledge Organiser.

Step 5: Correct any mistakes.

Explaining a diagram

Step 1: Read, cover and write the diagram.

Step 2: Write a paragraph explaining what is

happening in the diagram and give

specific examples.

Step 3: Check your answers using your class

notes or ask your teacher to check in your

next lesson.

Step 5: Correct any mistakes

Putting new words into sentences

There was a sense of foreboding

through the reference to the

‘shadows that followed’

Step 1: Read, cover, write the new words

and their definitions

Step 2: Write a sentence that includes the

new word into a real context, just as you

would use it in a lesson/exam question.

Step 3: Check your answer with a friend or

ask your teacher to check you have used

them correctly.

Step 5: Correct any mistakes

Foreboding A feeling that

something bad

will happen.

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Timetable Believe at BBA

Year 9 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

w/b 5th November

Section 1: Vocabulary

Read, Cover, Write

English Maths Citizenship Option 2 Power Writing Plan

(200 word challenge)

Science Option 1 French/History/Geography Annotate Principal’s

Reading English Literature

w/b 12th November

Section 2: Key Facts

Mind mapping





w/b 19th November

Section 3: Diagrams/pictures

As instructed or read, cover,

write





w/b 26th November

Section 1: Vocabulary

Put the words into new

sentences





w/b 3rd December

Section 2: Key facts

Read, Cover, Write





w/b 10th December

Section 3: Diagrams/pictures

Explain the diagrams in words





w/b 17th December

All sections

Write down as much as you

can remember from memory

20 mins reading of your own

book

(record on Reading Log)

20 mins reading of your

own book



book



book



book


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Reading Log Believe at BBA

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

w/b 5th

November

Read:

For: _________ minutes

Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

Read:


Signed:________________

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

w/b 12th

November

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

Read:


Signed:_________________

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

w/b 19th

November

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

Read:


Signed:_________________

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

w/b 26th

November

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

Read:


Signed:_________________

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

w/b 3rd

December

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:_______________

Read:


Signed:________________

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

w/b 10th

December

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

Read:


Signed:_________________

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

w/b 17th

December

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

Read:


Signed:_________________

_

Read:


Signed:__________________

Read:


Signed:________________

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Believe at BBA Principal’s Reading w/b 5th Nov

What is Remembrance Day?

Remembrance Day is a memorial day which takes

place every year so that countries in the

Commonwealth can remember members of the

armed forces who have lost their lives serving their

country.

When is Remembrance Day?

Remembrance Day is always 11th November

(11/11). It was on the 11th hour of the 11th day of

the 11th month, that combat in World War 1 came

to an end in 1918.

Remembrance Day has been observed since 1919.

Why do we wear poppies on Remembrance Day?

The poppy was one of the first flowers to bloom on

the battlefields of Flanders during World War 1.

Their bright red colour symbolised the blood shed

during the horrific conflict, but also the hope of

new life, and the poppy became the symbol of

Remembrance Day.

The Remembrance Poppy has been used as a

symbol since 1920. Today, poppies are worn on

clothing in the days leading up to Remembrance

Day, and poppy wreaths are placed on war

memorials. This is why Remembrance Day is often

known as Poppy Day.

In the UK, poppies can be bought from The Royal

British Legion Poppy Appeal. The money raised

goes to help veterans of the armed services.

What is Remembrance Sunday?

Remembrance Sunday is always the second Sunday

in November, the Sunday closest to Remembrance

Day (Armistice Day). Many ceremonies are held

across the UK to remember those who gave their

lives during World War 1, World War 2 and later

conflicts.

The National Service of Remembrance takes place

on Remembrance Sunday at the Cenotaph (war

memorial) at Whitehall, London. The Queen lays a

wreath and other tributes are also placed. The

event is televised.

A two minute silence is traditionally held at 11

o’clock on both Remembrance Day and

Remembrance Sunday.

Why do we have Remembrance Day?

Remembrance Day is an opportunity to pay respect

and honour to those who lost their lives serving

their country. It also gives the public a chance to

remember family and friends who lost their lives

fighting in wars. Finally, it gives people a chance

to consider the cost of war.

Why do some people wear white poppies or

purple poppies?

White poppies are worn by pacifists (those people

who oppose all conflict and war) as a way of

promoting peace. Purple poppies are produced by

a charity called Animal Aid and remind people that

animals also lose their lives during wars.

Remembrance Day

8


Forget Tiny Tim Cratchit - there are two other child

characters in Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol

that, for author Chris Priestley, are far more

powerful: Ignorance and Want. Here’s why:

When I was eight or so and living in Gibraltar (my

father was in the army and we were stationed

there), my teacher read us A Christmas Carol by

Charles Dickens as a pre-Christmas treat. The

setting of a cold and frosty Victorian London was

far removed from 1960s Gibraltar - and maybe

that’s one of the reasons it made such a lasting

impression.

But A Christmas Carol is more than just a story. It

is a tirade against greed, selfishness and neglect. It

uses the story of a rich man - the startlingly nasty

Scrooge - to highlight the plight of those affected

by the greed and meanness he exemplifies.

The famous child in A Christmas Carol is poor

“Tiny” Tim Cratchit but there are two others. When

Scrooge meets the Ghost of Christmas Present, he

is shocked when two wild and ragged children

tumble out from the giant’s robes.

He thinks they must belong to the giant, but he tells

Scrooge that they are Man’s. He tells him the boy is

called Ignorance and the girl Want.

“Beware them both, and all of their degree, but

most of all beware this boy…”

Every Christmas through the 70s (I was now on a

council estate in Newcastle where snow was more

familiar), the BBC showed an Oscar-winning

animated version of the story by Richard Williams,

with Alistair Sim voicing Scrooge. It is beautifully

animated in a style that evokes the John Leech

illustrations from the original publication, but

whereas the children are fairly bland creations in

those engravings, here they are snarling beasts. I

was - and remain - fascinated by them.

It is a brief moment in the story but surely a key

moment - and a big part of why the story is still so

relevant. Ignorance and Want remain the prime

movers behind so many of the worlds ills.

Dickens was passionate about education - education

for all. He was a steadfast campaigner for public

libraries and would be - rightly - disgusted to see

how little we seem to value them now.

But Dickens was having a go at his complacent

readers - he was chastising them about their own

ignorance - an ignorance that was in many cases a

wilful ignoring of the plight of their fellow

Londoners.

The Last of the Spirits attempts to use the structure

of Dickens’ fable to tell the story of two homeless

street children - a brother and sister - who will

become those same two children the Ghost of

Christmas Present calls Ignorance and Want.

I give them names - Sam and Lizzy - and a back

story that weaves in and out of Scrooge’s own story

of his relationship to his deceased partner Jacob

Marley. It also hints at some of the hardship

Dickens himself knew as a boy and which gifted

him the ability to empathise with others who had

not had not been lucky enough to escape a fate he

might so easily have shared.

The Last of the Spirits is emphatically not a re-

telling. It’s a response. It’s a thank you. It’s fan

fiction.

Ignorance and Want: why Charles Dickens's

A Christmas Carol is as relevant today as ever

9


THE THREE QUESTIONS by Leo Tolstoy

It once occurred to a certain king, that if he always knew the

right time to begin everything; if he knew who were the

right people to listen to, and whom to avoid, and, above all, if

he always knew what was the most important thing to

do, he would never fail in anything he might undertake.

And this thought having occurred to him, he had it proclaimed

throughout his kingdom that he would give a great

reward to any one who would teach him what was the right

time for every action, and who were the most necessary

people, and how he might know what was the most important

thing to do.

And learned men came to the King, but they all answered his

questions differently.

In reply to the first question, some said that to know the right

time for every action, one must draw up in advance, a

table of days, months and years, and must live strictly

according to it. Only thus, said they, could everything be done

at its proper time. Others declared that it was impossible to

decide beforehand the right time for every action; but

that, not letting oneself be absorbed in idle pastimes, one

should always attend to all that was going on, and then do

what was most needful. Others, again, said that however

attentive the King might be to what was going on, it was

impossible for one man to decide correctly the right time for

every action, but that he should have a Council of Wise

Men, who would help him to fix the proper time for

everything.

But then again others said there were some things which

could not wait to be laid before a Council, but about which

one had at once to decide whether to undertake them or not.

But in order to decide that, one must know beforehand

what was going to happen. It is only magicians who know

that; and, therefore, in order to know the right time for

every action, one must consult magicians.

Equally various were the answers to the second question.

Some said, the people the King most needed were his

councillors; others, the priests; others, the doctors; while some

said the warriors were the most necessary.

To the third question, as to what was the most important

occupation: some replied that the most important thing in

the world was science. Others said it was skill in warfare; and

others, again, that it was religious worship. All the

answers being different, the King agreed with none of them,

and gave the reward to none. But still wishing to find

the right answers to his questions, he decided to consult a

hermit, widely renowned for his wisdom.

The hermit lived in a wood which he never quitted, and he

received none but common folk. So the King put on

simple clothes, and before reaching the hermit's cell

dismounted from his horse, and, leaving his bodyguard

behind, went on alone. When the King approached, the hermit

was digging the ground in front of his hut. Seeing the King,

he greeted him and went on digging. The hermit was frail and

weak, and each time he stuck his spade into the

ground and turned a little earth, he breathed heavily.

The King went up to him and said: "I have come to you, wise

hermit, to ask you to answer three questions: How can

I learn to do the right thing at the right time? Who are the

people I most need, and to whom should I, therefore, pay

more attention to than the rest? And, what affairs are the most

important and need my first attention?"

The hermit listened to the King, but answered nothing. He just

spat on his hand and recommenced digging.

"You are tired," said the King, "let me take the spade and

work awhile for you."

"Thanks!" said the hermit, and, giving the spade to the King,

he sat down on the ground.

When he had dug two beds, the King stopped and repeated his

questions. The hermit again gave no answer, but rose,

stretched out his hand for the spade, and said, "Now rest

awhile--and let me work a bit." But the King did not give

him the spade, and continued to dig. One hour passed, and

another. The sun began to sink behind the trees, and the

King at last stuck the spade into the ground, and said, "I came

to you, wise man, for an answer to my questions. If

you can give me none, tell me so, and I will return home."

"Here comes some one running," said the hermit, "let us see

who it is."

The King turned round, and saw a bearded man come running

out of the wood. The man held his hands pressed

against his stomach, and blood was flowing from under them.

When he reached the King, he fell fainting on the

ground moaning feebly. The King and the hermit unfastened

the man's clothing. There was a large wound in his

stomach. The King washed it as best he could, and bandaged

it with his handkerchief and with a towel the hermit

had. Again and again the King washed and rebandaged the

wound. At last the man revived and asked for something

to drink. The King brought fresh water and gave it to him.

Meanwhile the sun had set, and it had become cool. So

the King, with the hermit's help, carried the wounded man

into the hut and laid him on the bed. Lying on the bed the

man closed his eyes and was quiet; but the King was so tired

with his walk and with the work he had done, that he

crouched down on the threshold, and also fell asleep--so

soundly that he slept all through the short summer night.

Turn the page to continue . . .. .

10

Believe atBBA

When he awoke in the morning, it was long before he could

remember where he was, or who was the strange

bearded man lying on the bed and gazing intently at him with

shining eyes.

"Forgive me!" said the bearded man in a weak voice, when he

saw that the King was awake and was looking at him.

"I do not know you, and have nothing to forgive you for,"

said the King.

"You do not know me, but I know you. I am that enemy of

yours who swore to revenge himself on you, because you

executed his brother and seized his property. I knew you had

gone alone to see the hermit, and I resolved to kill you

on your way back. But the day passed and you did not return.

So I came out from my ambush to find you, and I

came upon your bodyguard, and they recognized me, and

wounded me. I escaped from them, but should have bled

to death had you not dressed my wound. I wished to kill you,

and you have saved my life. Now, if I live, and if you

wish it, I will serve you as your most faithful slave, and will

bid my sons do the same. Forgive me!"

The King was very glad to have made peace with his enemy

so easily, and to have gained him for a friend, and he

not only forgave him, but said he would send his servants and

his own physician to attend him, and promised to

restore his property.

Having taken leave of the wounded man, the King went out

into the porch and looked around for the hermit. Before

going away he wished once more to beg an answer to the

questions he had put. The hermit was outside, on his

knees, sowing seeds in the beds that had been dug the day

before.

The King approached him, and said, "For the last time, I pray

you to answer my questions, wise man."

"You have already been answered!" said the hermit still

crouching on his thin legs, and looking up at the King, who

stood before him.

"How answered? What do you mean?" asked the King.

"Do you not see," replied the hermit. "If you had not pitied

my weakness yesterday, and had not dug these beds for

me, but had gone your way, that man would have attacked

you, and you would have repented of not having stayed

with me. So the most important time was when you were

digging the beds; and I was the most important man; and to

do me good was your most important business. Afterwards,

when that man ran to us, the most important time was

when you were attending to him, for if you had not bound up

his wounds he would have died without having made

peace with you. So he was the most important man, and what

you did for him was your most important business.

Remember then: there is only one time that is important --

and that is now! It is the most important time because it is

the only time when we have any power.

The most necessary man is he with whom you are, for no man

knows whether he will ever have dealings with any

one else.

And the most important thing to do is, to do good, because for

that purpose alone was man sent into this life!"

THE THREE QUESTIONS by Leo Tolstoy continued . . .

11


Discover how suffrage campaigners of the 19th and 20th century secured women's right to vote in the UK. Who was involved in the campaign, what were they fighting for and what methods did they use? Today, all British citizens over the age of 18 share a fundamental human right: the right to vote and to have a voice in the democratic process. But this right is only the result of a hard fought battle. The suffrage campaigners of the 19th and early 20th century, including the Chartists, suffragists and suffragettes, struggled against opposition from both parliament and the general public to eventually gain the vote for the entire British population in 1928.

Who took part in the campaign for women's suffrage? Groups and societies dedicated to the cause of women’s suffrage had

formed in the late 1860s. The first women's suffrage bill, however, came

before parliament in 1832. In 1867 John Stuart Mill led the first

parliament debate on women's suffrage, arguing for an amendment to

the Second Reform Bill, which would have extended the vote to women

property holders. Mill's proposed amendment was defeated – but acted

as a catalyst for campaigners around Britain. In 1897, various local and

national suffrage organisations came together under the banner of the

National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) specifically to

campaign for the vote for women on the same terms 'it is or may be

granted to men'. The NUWSS was constitutional in its approach,

preferring to hold public meetings and lobby parliament with petitions.

In contrast, the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), formed in

1903, took a more militant view. Almost immediately, it characterised

its campaign with violent and disruptive actions and events, known as

'direct action'.

Together, these two organisations dominated the campaign for

women's suffrage and were run by key figures such as the Pankhursts

and Millicent Fawcett. However, there were other organisations

prominent in the campaign, including the Women's Freedom League

(WFL). These groups were often splinter groups of the two main

organisations.

What did they campaign for? Before the first of a series of suffrage reforms in 1832, only 3% of the

adult male population were qualified to vote. For the most part, the

right to vote depended on how much you earned and the value of your

property. For this reason, the majority of people who were able to vote

were both wealthy and male. Throughout the 1800s, campaigners

fought to extend the franchise and some concessions were made in

1867 and 1884. However, under these reforms women were still denied

the vote and an increasing number of groups began campaigning for

just that.

Campaigners for women’s suffrage initially wanted the vote for women

on the same terms as it was granted to men. This is because many of

the original campaigners for women’s suffrage were female middle-class

homeowners. Their priority was that the franchise should be extended

to women of their own status rather than to all women. This version of

reform did not include either working-class men or women but,

eventually, universal suffrage – votes for all – became the goal of the

campaign.

Why were they campaigning? The inability to vote meant that Victorian women had very few rights

and their disenfranchised status became a symbol of civil inequality. The

denial of equal voting rights for women was supported by Queen

Victoria who, in 1870, wrote, 'Let women be what God intended, a

helpmate for man, but with totally different duties and vocations'.

Campaigners wanted the vote to be granted to women as they felt that

too often the law was biased against women and reinforced the idea of

women as subordinate to men. For example, until 1882, a woman’s

property often reverted to her husband on their marriage. Steps

towards equal rights came with the Married Woman's Property Acts of

1870, 1882 and 1884 (amended again in 1925). These enabled women

to keep their property and money after marriage, where previously it

was the automatic property of their husbands. Even after the Married

Women’s Property Act of 1882, however, the situation was not much

improved – women now had to pay taxes on the businesses the new law

permitted them to own, but did not have any say in how those taxes

were spent. Campaigners felt that the best way to achieve equal status

with men, in society and in the home, would be to get the vote and

participate in the parliamentary process.

How did they campaign? The campaign for women's suffrage took several forms and involved numerous groups and individuals. The constitutional National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) campaigned peacefully and used recognised ‘political’ methods such as lobbying parliament and collecting signatures for petitions. The group also held public meetings and published various pamphlets, leaflets, newspapers and journals outlining the reasons and justifications for granting women the vote. Members of the NUWSS and other such organisations were known as 'suffragists'.

In order to gain publicity and raise awareness, the Women's Social and

Political Union (WSPU) engaged in a series of more violent actions. They

chained themselves to railings, set fire to public and private property

and disrupted speeches both at public meetings and in the House of

Commons. Alongside this, the WSPU also took part in demonstrations,

held public meetings and published newspapers and other literature.

Members of the WSPU and other militant groups such as the Women's

Freedom League were known as 'suffragettes'.

Many suffragettes went to prison as a result of their actions and their

campaigns did not always stop there. While in prison, many women

chose to go on hunger strike to continue gaining publicity for their cause

and as a result were sometimes force fed. One of the most infamous

suffragettes was Emily Davison who, in 1913, walked out in front of the

King's horse at the Epsom Derby. She later died of her injuries and

became a martyr to the cause.

When did this happen? As a result of campaigns dating back to the mid-19th century, some

women were finally granted the vote in 1918. However, many women,

particularly working-class women, were still excluded from the

franchise. The Representation of the People Act enfranchised all males

over the age of 21 and women over the age of 30 who already had the

right to vote in local elections and who were also householders, the

wives of householders, owners of property worth over £5 or university

graduates. In total, the Act enfranchised 8,400,000 women. Universal

franchise was finally granted with the Equal Franchise Act of 1928.

The campaign for women’s suffrage: an introduction

https://www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/chartism

https://www.bl.uk/votes-for-women/articles/womens-suffrage-glossary





https://www.bl.uk/votes-for-women/articles/womens-suffrage-key-figures

https://www.bl.uk/votes-for-women/articles/womens-suffrage-key-figures


https://www.bl.uk/votes-for-women/articles/womens-suffrage-timeline

https://www.bl.uk/votes-for-women/articles/womens-suffrage-timeline

https://www.bl.uk/votes-for-women/articles/suffragists-and-suffragettes

https://www.bl.uk/votes-for-women/articles/suffragists-and-suffragettes

https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/photograph-of-emily-davison

https://www.bl.uk/page-not-found?item=web%3a%7b4242F7B9-4C9D-43AA-A31E-336AC4F0AD2E%7d%40en



12

How to Be a Good Citizen by Samantha Holloway

Believe at BBA Principal’s Reading w/b 3rd Dec

More than just citizenship

Whether you're born with citizenship or earn it after immigration, there's more to being a Good Citizen than just having that legal piece of paper. It's about how you conduct yourself as a person, how you interact with your community and society, and how you pass what you know and learn on to others. This isn't a discussion of patriotic brainwashing or anything along those lines; this is a discussion of the education, interpersonal skills and common courtesies needed to keep the country moving smoothly and strongly.

Starting with education

People who know more understand more. You don't have to be a PhD student in an Ivy League University, but you have to cultivate a habit of learning-- ignorance leads to fear, and fear leads to easy manipulation. A Good Citizen isn't easily manipulated, but understands what's going on and can make rational decisions.

A few useful topics to keep up on: Politics, both local and national; Education; the Environment; Energy Issues and what can be done at home about them; How things like banks and investments work; the actualities of Tax and tax Reform, not just the hype; How the government works and the best ways to vote it to work better; Heathcare; All the ways a ruling body helps it's citizens-- schools, hospitals, community groups, local clean-ups, the Postal Service, and so on.

Sometimes these things are boring, but understanding how they work will keep you from being snowballed over later.

Meanwhile, find a few topics you really care about on any subject, and keep learning. Research their histories, follow their trends, know their inner workings and become active in their communities: Know your passions and all the facts, and you can defend them when other things start infringing. Know how things worked and went in the past, and you can see them repeating in the present. All learning expands your view of the world and how it works, so keep learning always, and keep up with a rapidly changing world.

Social and Community Responsibility

A Good Citizen has to think about the nation as a whole as well as their local community and their own families. Americans tend to be sort of self-

centered and short-term thinkers, but if more people thought about how their actions and their decisions affected the rest of the nation, we'd have better planning and more reasonable long-term goals, instead of being reactionary and scrambling to fix unforeseen damage made by short-term planning.

Aside from being informed and educated, and helping your kids to be the same, here are a few ideas for societal thinking:

Recycling saves money for the city and the nation, cleans up the streets, lessens dependence on outside resources, and puts them firmly in our own borders and our own control.

Cleaning up local parks and wild places, and learning to not litter as well as buying less of the things that have all the packaging that gets littered, preserves the integrity of the local ecosystem, keeping air and water safer, protecting your kids and your friends and family, and making the area nicer to live in, which raises property value and gets the government and investors to see that your area is worth investing in.

Being friendly and knowing your neighbors personally builds social support systems, increases neighborhood and therefore city safety, protects the children and other helpless factors, and enriches lives, which leads to healthier and longer lifespans and lowers dependence on hospitals, medication, and public works.

Raising your kids to be bright, polite, responsible and reasonable leads to kids who can take care of themselves when they're old enough to be out alone, who are less likely to be either kidnapped or coerced into crime, will work harder and take more pride in their first jobs, and will lead to social stability and enrichment-- rather than instability and violence.

Supporting local businesses will keep your hard-earned money in the local economy, keep the individual character and flavor of your own city alive and healthy, and will slow the problems of homogenization and lack or loss of engagement of the public with the local City Council, keeping the city alive and vibrant and worth living in.

Getting involved in movements to make the lives of your fellow city dwellers better-- community gardens, clean-ups, local fairs, protests and marches, celebrations, homeless-shelters, volunteer groups, clubs, social gatherings, all these sorts of things-- will improve the overall lives of the whole city, and will stand as an example to other cities of how it can be, which will in turn lead to people all over the country having a better life.

Stay as healthy as you can: healthy people work harder and better, learn better, behave better, and rely less on the public for food and income. Keep your job as healthy as it can be, and you'll protect the workforce, which keeps the whole country going strong.

The key ideas are to think about how your own life in the city can affect the rest of the city and the country, to make yourself and your life an example of

how it should be, and to raise your kids to carry on the trend. Think about ensuring the future, and their future, and the future after that, not just about yourself and the rest of the world be damned.

Small things make big impacts

The people that most need to see how the world could be are those at the bottom, those who are most likely to rebel and those who are least able to do anything about it. The people who are most likely to be destabilizing the community by being inconsiderate are those at the top who are used to ignoring everyone else. So, a few personal tips on being a nice person, for everyone:

There is no reason to be a jerk to the person behind the counter; no matter how much money you have, you aren't any more important than the person behind you, and everyone, regardless of which side of the counter they're on, deserves the same respect. They're just doing their job as best as they know how. If something can't be done, politely leave it alone. Service Industry does not equal servant, and you have no right to demand things that aren't available.

Always tip well-- the person receiving the tip likely needs it, and you'll be remembered and get better service next time; a happy waitress is much more likely to be helpful, and there are enough angry people in a day without you adding to the mess. Additionally, happy employees make for more stable working environments, higher quality goods and services, and more informed staff.

Be polite in all the old ways: Open doors for people who don't have a free hand or are much older than you, give up your seat for old people and pregnant ladies, say please and thank you, excuse yourself when you run into someone, say bless you when someone sneezes, ask questions politely (especially if you're asking something above and beyond of someone), and don't cut in line. All of the things your grandparents want you to do are social lubricant: they make peoples lives just a little happier and easier, and it will, in turn, make your own life happier and easier. No one needs to be screaming and fighting with the whole world all the time.

Teach through example, especially if you have kids. Kids are little sponges, and the way they see people around them acting and handling situations is the way they'll do the same as they get older; ensure that their strongest examples are good ones, and they'll grow up to care about the world and how it works.

13

Believe at BBA Principal’s Reading w/b 10th Dec

'Blood Brothers’ is finally leaving the West End, but its

restless writer Willy Russell still has plenty to say

'I don’t have anything like the ambition I once had,' says Willy

Russell. 'Having enjoyed so much success, I now feel able to

explore and experiment with all sorts of other creative

things'

After 24 years and more than 10,000 performances, the

musical Blood Brothers will, on November 10, finally leave

the West End stage. Its story, of fraternal twins who are

separated at birth and lead dramatically different lives, has

played to packed houses, left its audience in tears, won four

best musical awards and been called one of the greatest

musicals of all time. “It’s very flattering to have something

run for that long,” he says. “The occasion should be marked,

which is why I’ve agreed to be interviewed.”

It is a rare event and he establishes his boundaries from the

start. “Some people find me difficult because they don’t like

confrontation,” he begins, in a voice that could fill any

auditorium. “But if I feel I have to say something, I will,

because then everyone knows what they are dealing with.” It

soon becomes clear that I am dealing with a man who is self-

protective, instinctive, a natural observer of the nuances of

human behaviour, and someone who prefers meatier

questions to more superficial ones.

“I am not interested in talking about road directions, cars or

sport for more than five minutes,” he warns. “It’s why I

cannot abide being in all-male company. I want to talk about

things that matter.”

It is no doubt one reason why his plays have depth as well as

being entertaining. They have also provided a forum for him

to work through issues of, or similar to, his own. For

example, he ponders his own history of nature versus

nurture in Blood Brothers; and his own return to education

and its effects in Educating Rita (which was a hit film in 1983,

starring Julie Walters and Michael Caine). And he takes a

look, from the woman’s point of view, at stagnating long-

term marriages in Shirley Valentine. This, too, was initially a

play, and became a hit film starring Pauline Collins in 1989.

Russell has written plays for television, too, including Our Day

Out; a novel called The Wrong Boy, which was published in

2000; and his first album, Hoovering the Moon, was released

in 2003.

He believes that spending so much time with his mother,

aunts and grandmother developed his understanding of

women and of how to write convincing female characters.

“When I was 11 I was at quite a rough school, but we used to

read one-act plays, and one about two babies switched at

birth stayed with me. I thought a lot about what might

happen to each of them, and it became the seed for Blood

Brothers.

“I am very interested in nature versus nurture. When I look at

myself or catch sight of a gesture I make and see my father…

I also know I might have drunk myself to death at 30. Luckily,

I was saved by my in-laws, who nurtured me.”

Russell left school at 15 with one O-level in English literature

and, at his mother’s suggestion, became a hairdresser. He

also wrote songs and set up a group. His life and prospects

changed when he met Annie Seagroatt in a café where he ran

a folk club. “Her parents, who were professionals, welcomed

me into their house, and my folk group used to rehearse

there. We married when I was 21, which was late for a

working-class boy. She was 22, which was early for someone

who was middle class.”

Have they ever had a Shirley Valentine moment? “Every long

marriage does, but we talk about it,” he says. “If ever we

have problems it is because we haven’t spent enough time

with each other. Luckily, we have always made space for

each other. We don’t do a weekly date night like David

Cameron, but even when the kids were small we’d

occasionally go away by ourselves for a few days.

“Meeting Annie’s family was a massive influence in my life.

One day her mother Margaret, who knew I hated

hairdressing, said if I didn’t want to do it all my life, what was

I going to do about it? I said I wanted to teach because I

could then write in the holidays. She explained that I needed

five O-levels, and suggested I went to night school. I was 20

and took her advice.”

Willy Russell: 'I want to talk about things that matter’

14

Believe at BBA Principal’s Reading w/b 17th Dec

On 23 June 2016 the people of Britain voted in a referendum about whether or not they thought that we should leave the European Union. The result was 53.4% to leave and 46.6% to remain. The British exit of the European Union is now commonly referred to as Brexit. This article will explore the Brexit pros and cons and will explore what you need to know about the changes and how you could be affected by them. Pros of Leaving the European Union 1. Currently, the UK contributes £10 billion a year to EU parliament. As a richer country we put in more money and resources than we got out of the union. Through this we were helping out the poorer countries, some argue that this is not our job and all countries should be equal in the Union. 2. By leaving the European Union, we no longer need to abide by the EU’s fishing policies, so we have more power over our own fisheries and oceans. This means that UK fishermen/women would have more power and ability to create bigger national businesses. 3. The EU’s common agricultural policy favours inefficient, smaller continental farms. By leaving the EU we are able to control and regulate our own farms and can rely on their produce more strongly. 4. As a country, we will be able to negotiate our own trade deals, which means we won’t have to deal with EU policy. This means we can start deals with new countries and create our own trade links. This is a really interesting pro on this list of Brexit pros and cons! 5. Without the EU’s input, the UK will be able to create our own regulations and deals without the bureaucratic overhead from the EU policy makers. These policy makers have many difficult levels and regulations that need to be met and agreed upon

before anything changes – trade deals, regulations etc. 6. The European Union Elections cost the UK taxpayer £107 million per election we hold. During the referendum process, the Brexit pioneers fought saying this money could be spent on the NHS or nationalisation of some institutions. Of course, with current negotiations this isn’t certain but it is, for the UK, a better spend. 7. Leaving the EU could mean being able to re-establish historical trade links with Commonwealth countries. When the UK joined the EU, the country was made to give up direct trade links to Australia, New Zealand and other such countries; now we are no longer part of the free market, we could create our own trade links. Cons of Leaving the European Union 1. Previous to leaving the EU, people from the UK could hop on a plane at a moment’s notice and be in France within the hour. However, one item under negotiation is the issue of free travel, which if lost means anyone planning on travelling to mainland Europe would need a visa or some form of bureaucratic document. Restricted travel is a huge con on the list of Brexit pros and cons! 2. The Erasmus scheme is one that is very popular and important to university students. The loss of freedom to study abroad with ease in European countries could mean a loss of European students coming into England and could therefore affect the amounts of the money coming into the country. 3. Without the ability to cross freely into mainland Europe, lorries and other trade transporters would not be able to move as quickly and continue the fast paced trade we’ve come to accept as normal in the UK.

4. By leaving the EU, we are pushing the UK further away from the idea of ‘one world, one love’. Instead, the country is pushing itself further away from free movement across the world. If other trade and movement routes are set up in wake of our departure then that creates more options for free movement around the world, but currently this doesn’t look immediate. 5. With regards to trade and movement, there will be increased bureaucracy because we will no longer have access to common trade and will have another layer of regulations to go through to be able to access trade that was once easy. 6. To leave the European Union, the UK will have to pay a lot of money to the Union in ‘divorce fees’. So, whilst there will be savings for the UK once we have left, the cost of leaving is very substantial and will cost the taxpayer a lot of money which could have been put to better use. 7. There is always the factor of uncertainty. An uncertainty of what will happen when we do leave as no real negotiations have been decided and we are still in limbo and will be for at least another year and a half.

The Brexit Pros And Cons And Everything You Need To Know by Hana Kelly

https://www.society19.com/uk/author/hanakelly/

15

200 Word Challenges Believe at BBA

Task Vocabulary to include:

W/b 5th Nov

Using your Attitude to Learning report, write a

review of your progress in this area so far this

year and explain how you intend to improve.

Contributions

Expectations

W/b 12th Nov

Christmas can be a very difficult time for some

people. Explain what you could do to help

spread the spirit of Christmas in your

community.

Enter your writing into the BBA writers

competition to get your 200 words publicised

in the winter edition.

Celebration

Generosity

W/b 19th Nov Explain why the centenary of World War One

was important?

Remembrance

Sacrifice

W/b 26th Nov

“All prisoners should have the right to vote in

elections”

Considering a range of views, to what extent do

you agree with this statement?

Democracy

Criminality

W/b 3rd Dec

Think of an example where you demonstrated

the values of a good citizen. Explain the event

and discuss the reasons for your actions.

Community

Impact

W/b 10th Dec Research what the Magna Carta is and explain

why it is important for British society.

Justice

Values

W/b 17th Dec

Research the differences between a democratic

country and a non-democratic country and

summarise the differences.

Political

Citizens

Power 1

Power 2

Power 3 Power 3

Power 2 Power 2

Power 3

Power Plus

Plan your response to take the thinking out of the writing process.

This will allow you to focus on how well you are writing, rather

than what you are writing.

Power 1—your main idea

Power 2—3 supporting ideas

Power 3—details for each supporting idea

Power Plus—interesting vocabulary, devices,

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16

Knowledge Organiser

Subjects

17

Subject: English Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2

Section 1: Key Vocabulary

Tier 2 vocabulary Definition

Dystopian (n) Describes an imaginary society that is

as dehumanizing and as unpleasant as

possible

Utopian (n) Modelled on or aiming for a state in

which everything is perfect; idealistic.

Iconoclast (n) Someone who tries to destroy

traditional ideas or institutions

Indoctrinate (v) Getting others to believe in your

viewpoint/system of beliefs

Insubordination (v) Defiance of authority

Vengeance (n) Punishment that is inflicted in return

for a wrong; revenge

Obsolete (adj) No longer in use; out of date

Nuanced (adj) Characterized by subtle shades of

meaning or expression

Agitate (v) To disturb or upset, by making

someone feel anxious or nervous

Concept (n) An abstract idea

Archaic (adj) So extremely old as seeming to belong

to an earlier period

Aspect (n) A particular part or feature of

something.

Orthodox (adj) A belief or orientation agreeing with

conventional standards

Subversion (n) Destroying someone's (or some

group's) honesty or loyalty Tier 3 vocabulary Definition

Conventions (n) A way in which something is usually

done

Perspective (n) A particular attitude towards or way of

regarding something; a point of view

Protagonist (n) The leading character or one of the

major characters

Section 3: Read, remember, then try your own


Questions: Answers:

What is an embedded

(sometimes known as a

relative) clause?

It is part of a sentence which allows the

writer to provide additional information to

the reader.

Why do you use

embedded clauses?

They are used to write in a more elaborate

(detailed) and descriptive way.

Why is structure

important when

writing stories?

Structure can allow writers to develop an

interesting narrative and signpost the

readers.

Name some examples

of structural devices:

•Tension

•Contrasts between characters and settings

•Sudden changes in pace

•Lengthy description of a setting

•Dialogue

•Pathetic fallacy

•Foreshadowing

What is a cyclical

narrative?

When a story starts and ends at the same

point whether this is a moment in time or a

physical place.

Name three examples

of punctuation that can

be used to create

tension in a narrative:

1. Ellipsis ...

2. Question mark ?

3. Exclamation mark !

Name the features of a

Dystopian story:

Unusual settings

Set in the future

Set in an imaginary society

Strong protagonists who fight back

What is narrative

structure?

The way a story develops from beginning to

end

Name the features of a

narrative structure:

•Exposition

•Falling action

•Denouement (new beginnings)

•Rising action

•Climax

Believe at BBA

18

Subject: Maths Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2



axis The lines that form a graph

x-axis The horizontal axis

y-axis The vertical axis

equation An algebraic statement where

both sides are equal gradient The measure of how steep a line

is midpoint The point exactly in the middle of

a line coordinates Two numbers used to indicate the

position of a point e.g. (3,4) range The set of values that a given

function can take

y-intercept Where a line crosses the y-axis

origin The start of the axes (0,0)

intersect Where two lines cross


enlarge To make something bigger

straight line A line with no bends or corners

horizontal Parallel to the horizon

vertical At right angles to the horizon

slope A line that is at an angle (not hori-

zontal or vertical)

Section 2: Important ideas

Find the midpoint between

(2,1) and (6,9)

Find the gradient of a line

perpendicular to the line

y=3x + 2

As they are perpendicular, the

gradient of the new line will be

as this is the negative recip-

rocal of 3

A graph has a gradient of 3.

If I move across 2 squares,

how many squares will I

move up?

Gradient tells us how far up for

each unit across. If I move

across 2 squares, I will move up

2 x 3 = 6 squares up.

Plot the line y = 2x + 3

Find the equation of the line

passing through (2,3) and

(6,11)

Section 3:

and

So the midpoint is (4,5)

Find the gradient

of these lines.

Draw in a right-

angled triangle

connecting the

two coordinates.

Table of

Values

Coordinates:(-3,0)

Believe at BBA

The y-intercept shows the

additional

cost/deposit/fixed charge

(something not linked to

how long the ladder is

hired for). The additional

cost is £7.

Fixed Price + Unit Cost

A graph showing the cost

of hiring a ladder for

various numbers of days.

The gradient shows the

cost per day. It costs

£3/day to hire the ladder.

19

Subject: Biology Topic: Could We, Should We Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2



IVF In vitro fertilisation. One sperm cell is

injected into an egg cell.

Selective breeding Choosing the parents to hopefully

develop certain characteristics.

Cloning A way of making new organisms from

part of one organism.

Survival of the

fittest

The continued existence of

organisms which are best adapted to

their environment.

Genes Part of a cell that determines

inherited characteristics.

Gametes The sex cells (sperm cell, egg cell)

Antibiotics Chemical substances capable

of destroying bacteria.

Species A group of plants or animals that are

closely related enough to interbreed

naturally.

Innate behaviour Behaviour that happens

automatically.

Learned behaviour Behaviour that is taught.


Survival

Managing to go on living or

existing in spite of great danger

or difficulty.

Genetics Relating to genes and inheritance in the

body.

Organic Grown without artificial fertilisers or

chemicals.

Intensive Using a lot of energy or effort over a

short time. In farming,

producing food or animals quickly with

the use of fertilisers and chemicals.

Farming Growing crops or rearing

livestock.

Section 3: Copy and label


1. What are the human

gametes called?

1. Sperm cell, egg cell

2. Which animal was

successfully cloned first?

2. Dolly the sheep

3. Name three parts of the

female reproductive

system.

3. Vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tube,

ovary.

4. Suggest some

advantages of IVF.

4. Can help women have a baby

Uses own egg/sperm

Provides alternative to adoption

5. Suggest some

disadvantages of IVF.

5. Only 15% success rate.

Can be emotionally/physically

demanding.

There are age restrictions. It is costly.

6. What are the problems of

selective breeding?

•Could make some diseases more

dangerous as all would be affected

•Increased risk of genetic disease

caused by recessive genes

•Some genes will be lost

•Lead to a reduction in the size of the

gene pool

7. Who was Charles

Darwin?

7. English scientist who devised the

theory of survival of the fittest.

8. Describe the process of

selective breeding.

8. Select individuals with desired

characteristics breed them

together select offspring with

desirable characteristics breed

them together continue for

generations.

9. Explain the theory of

‘survival of the fittest.’

9. Those best suited to their

environment survive long enough to

reproduce and pass on the

successful genes

Believe at BBA

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20

Subject: Chemistry Topic: Forensics Year: 9 Term: Autumn 1



Magnifying To make something appear bigger than it

actually is.

Blood spatter A blood stain left on a surface that can be

used in evidence at a crime.

Microscope An optical instrument used for viewing

very small samples such as plant cells,

typically magnified several hundred times.

Ballistics The study of projectiles and firearms.

Gravity The force of attraction between any two

objects

Distillation A method used to separate a pure liquid

from a mixture of liquids.

Chromatography Separating a mixture of dissolved

substances into its different parts.

Evaporation Heating a substance to separate a

dissolved solid from a liquid.

Filtration A method for separating an insoluble solid

from a liquid


Forces Something that causes a change in motion

of an object

Balanced Two forces acting an object, and equal in

size

Unbalanced Forces that cause a change in the motion

of an object. The forces are not of equal

size

Finger print An impression made as a result of

someone's finger tip coming into contact

with a surface

Calibration The process of evaluating and adjusting

the precision and accuracy of

measurement equipment

Evidence Anything that can be used to prove

something

Section 3: Copy and label

Calculating magnification

Filtration

Evaporation

Believe at BBA

Chromatography


1. What forces are acting

on a stationary car?

1. Weight, upthrust, push, pull

2. What is Newton's 3rd

law?

2. For every action, there is an equal

and opposite reaction

3. What type of surfaces

can you get a fingerprint

from?

3. Non porous surfaces e.g. plastic,

glass etc.

4. What are the 3 types of

fingerprints?

4. Arch, whorl, loop

5. What are the 3 main

types of blood stain?

5. Passive, transfer, impact

6. What things can blood

pattern analysis

determine?

6. Date and time of a crime,

weapon, left/right handed attacker,

speed of attack, victim movement.

7. How do you calculate

magnification?

7. Magnification = size of ÷ actual

image size

8. What is the symbol for

micrometres?

8. µm

9. What things do we need

to consider when we

collect evidence?

9. Contamination, finger prints, shoe

prints, hair, body fluids,

security, cleanliness of samples.

10. What method is used

to separate mixtures of

soluble substances, eg.

colours?

10. Paper chromatography.

11. How would you

separate a mixture of sand

and water?

11. Filtration. It separates an

insoluble solid from a liquid.

12. How would you

separate water from a

mixture of salt water?

12. Evaporate the water by heating,

the salt will be left behind in the

evaporating basin.

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21

Subject: Physics Topic: Magic Molecules Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2



Neutralisation A reaction between an acid and a base (or

alkali) that makes a

solution of pH 7. A salt and water are

produced.

Base A chemical that will neutralise an acid in a

chemical reaction.

Alkali A base that dissolves in water.

Acid A substance that can neutralise a base or an

alkali.

Indicator A chemical that can change colour to show

the nature of a substance.

Universal indicator An indicator giving a range of

colours in response to acidic or alkaline

solutions. The colours range from red to

purple.

Salt A compound made when acids

react with metals or bases.

Many salts are chlorides, sulfates or nitrates.

Equation A written observation of a chemical reaction

with reactants separated from products by

an arrow.

Compound Two or more elements chemically joined

together.

Nanotechnology A branch of science dealing with very small

particles 10-9m in size.


Test Experiment carried out to find out a

particular answer.

Evidence Observation, data or measurement that

scientists use to test whether their ideas are

correct or not.

Observation Recording data from practical work (e.g.

Temperature, time, distance)

Hazard symbol A warning sign on an object or chemical

detailing the particular hazard it can cause.


1. What colour (with UI) and

pH number will an alkali be?

1. Blue/purple, pH 8-14


pH number will an acid be?

2. Red/orange, pH 1-6


pH number will a neutral

solution be?

3. Green, pH 7

4. Name 3 different

indicators.

4. Red litmus, blue litmus,

Universal indicator,

5. What is produced when

an acid reacts with an

alkali?

5. Acid + alkali salt + water

6. Explain how a base is

different to an alkali

6. An alkali is a base that

dissolves in water. A base is

insoluble in water.

7. When sodium hydroxide

reacts with hydrochloric

acid, what is produced?

7. Sodium chloride and water

8. Name the acid used to

make potassium nitrate.

8. Nitric acid

9. What is the standard test

for carbon dioxide gas?

9. Bubble the gas through a

delivery tube into limewater. If

the limewater goes cloudy,

carbon dioxide is present.

10. What is the standard gas

test for hydrogen?

10. Put a lit splint into the gas, if

a squeaky pop is heard then

hydrogen is present.

11. Why is using a pH probe

a better choice for

measuring pH than using an

indicator?

11. A pH probe gives an accurate

number, rather than a colour.

Believe at BBA Section 3: Copy and label

The pH scale

weak

acid

Strong

alkali

weak

alkali

The reactivity

series

Strong

acid

22

Subject: Geography Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary


Diaspora The dispersion of people from their

original homeland.

Monsoon A seasonal prevailing wind in South and

South East Asia which brings heavy rain

from May to September and dry

conditions from October to April.

Globalisation The increasing interconnectedness and

interdependence of the world

economically, culturally and politically.

Urbanisation The increase in the percentage of

people living in towns and cities.

Deforestation Permanently removing forest so the

land can be used for something else.

Desertification Where land becomes increasingly arid

and less and less useful for farming.

Remittances Money sent back by migrants to their

families in their home community or

country.


United Nations

(UN)

A global organisation made up of 193

states.

Colony A country or region under the political

control of another country and

occupied by settlers from that country.

Economic

Development

Improvements in a country’s or

people’s employment, income and

living standards.

G20 A group of 20 major developed and

emerging economies, including India.

Demographic The structure of a population.

Section 3

1. What social, economic and environmental factors effect

the development of India?

2. How has the industry of India changed over time?


Questions: Answers:

1. What is the location of

India?

1. India is part of continental Asia.

To the East you find the Bay of

Bengal and to the West the Arabian

Sea.

2. What six countries border

India?

2. Pakistan, Nepal, China, Bhutan,

Bangladesh and Myanmar.

3. How many states make up

India?

3. India is divided into 29 states, the

largest state is Rajasthan and the

smallest is Goa.

4. What is rural-urban

migration?

4. The movement of people from

rural areas (countryside) to urban

areas (towns/cities).

5. What is the replacement-

level fertility?

5. The level at which each

generation has just enough children

to replace themselves.

6. What impact has economic

growth had on the

environment of India?

6. Increased air pollution, water

pollution, deforestation and

desertification.

7. What are the BRICS? 7. The BRICS are five emerging

countries; Brazil, Russia, India, China

and South Africa.

8. How has the industry of

India changed?

8. There has been a reduction in

agriculture, a small increase in

manufacturing and a rapid increase

in the services industry.

9. What role has aid played in

India’s development?

9. India has been the biggest

recipient of international aid.,

however, as the country has

developed it now gives aid to other

countries, e.g. Afghanistan.

10. What is trade? 10. The buying and selling of goods.

11. What are the

environmental consequences

of desertification?

11. Increased wind erosion, land

degradation and decreased land

productivity.

23

Subject: History Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary


Atomic Bomb The bomb developed by Robert

Oppenheimer and other scientists in the

Manhattan project. It was dropped on two

Japanese cities in 1945.

Berlin Blockade Stalin’s decision to block off roads into

West Berlin in order to starve the people.

The USA used aeroplanes to drop in food

and fuel.

Berlin Wall The wall built to separate the Communist

and Capitalist halves of Berlin. It stood

from 1961-1989.

Cuban Missile Crisis Event in 1962 where both the USA and

the USSR came close to launching nuclear

war.

Iron Curtain Winston Churchill’s term for the

separation between the Communist East

and the Western countries

Marshall Plan The USA’s plan to give money to European

countries after the war

Soviet Union The name of the country of Russia from

1922-1991. Also known as the USSR.

Truman Doctrine President Truman declared that it was the

USA’s duty to ‘contain’ communism

Warsaw Pact The agreement that all Communist

countries were in an alliance and would

defend each other if attacked.

Yalta Conference First wartime meeting between Britain,

USA and the USSR.


Capitalism The idea that everyone should be free to

start their own businesses and make a

profit for themselves.

Communism The idea that everyone should be treated

equally and profits are not allowed.

Equality Everybody being treated equally.

Ideology A system of ideas.

Section 3: Facts/Context/Historical

relevance/dates

In 1947, the USA gave $400 million dollars to Greece

and Turkey, to help them rebuild after the Second

World War.

Looking at the map, and using your own knowledge,

why do you think the USA gave money to these two

countries?


Questions: Answers:

1. What was the only

disagreement at the Yalta

Conference?

1. Poland. The USSR wanted to

increase their land by taking

some of the Polish land, and for

Poland to take some of

Germany’s.

2. Which German city

hosted the second

wartime conference?

2. Potsdam

3. What was the name of

the leader of the Soviet

Union?

3. Josef Stalin

4. Who were the “Big

Three”?

4. Winston Churchill (Britain),

President Roosevelt (USA), Josef

Stalin (USSR)

5. What changed between

the Yalta Conference and

Potsdam?

5. Churchill was no longer Prime

Minister, replaced by Clement

Atlee. Roosevelt had died in

1945 and was replaced by

Truman.

6. What was Cominform? 6. Cominform was the group of

Communist countries, formed in

1947.

7. NATO was set up in

1949. What does it stand

for?

7. North Atlantic Treaty

Organisation.

8. Which event sparked

the Korean War in 1950?

8. Communist North Korea

invaded Capitalist South Korea,

forcing Truman (USA) to send

troops to support South Korea.

9. Who was Major Yuri

Gargarin?

9. The first human in space. The

Russian orbited Earth in 1961.

10. Who was the leader of

the USSR during the

Cuban Missile Crisis?

10. Nikita Kruschev

24

Subject: French Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary


La bouche mouth

Le bras arm

Le corps body

Le dos back

L’épaule shoulder

Le genou knee

La jambe leg

La main hand

Le nez nose

Les oreilles ears

La tête head

Le visage face

Le terrain sports ground

Les règles rules

Les produits laitiers dairy products

Les boissons gazeuses fizzy drinks

L’eau water

Les légumes vegetables

Les repas meals

Les sucreries sweet things

Section 3


Questions: Answers:

Tu aimes le sport?

Le sport...

diminue le stress.

est bon pour le moral.

est important dans la vie.

Ça me fatigue.

Il faut apprendre à suivre

les règles.

Qu’est-ce qu’il faut faire

pour arriver en forme?

Il faut...

avoir un bon programme.

bien manger.

bien dormir.

être motivé(e)

faire du sport tous les

jours.

jouer dans une équipe.

Qu’est-ce que tu vas

faire pour être en

forme?

Je vais...

faire du sport

régulièrement.

manger sain.

aller au collège à pied / au

vélo.

faire trente minutes

d’exercice par jour.

25

Subject: GCSE Computer Science: Data Representation Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 2: Important Ideas

Binary to Hex Hex to Denary Denary to Binary

Reverse the method to

convert the other way.

Binary addition Use the 5 rules to add 2 8-bit binary numbers,

showing carry bits

Effect of binary

addition

overflow

A value over 255 needs 9 bits. If only the first 8

bits are used, the wrong value is input and can

give unpredictable results.

Effect of binary

shift on data

Left shift pads out lowest values with 0s. Right

shift loses the lowest bit, reducing accuracy.

Check digit Calculate a check digit value for data validation.

Identify corrupt data using a check digit.

Limitations of

ASCII

ASCII uses 7 bits, so can only represent 127

characters. EASCII (extended) uses 8 bits for 256

characters. Neither can represent non western

characters.

Lossy vs lossless

compression

Lossy removes data to make files smaller. Cannot

be used with text (use RLE). Filesizes are much

smaller. Lossless quality is much better.

Factors affecting

audio quality

Higher sample rate = more samples = more

accurate wave = higher quality. Higher bitrate =

more accurate samples = higher quality. Both

result in larger filesize.

Calculate text

filesize

Calculate Image

filesize

Calculate audio

filesize

Filesize in bits

=number of

characters including

spaces *8 bits

(for ASCII, 16bits for

Unicode).

Filesize in bits =

horizontal resolution *

vertical resolution * bit

depth.

For video multiply the

answer by the framerate,

then by the length of the

video in seconds

Filesize in bits = bitrate

(bits per second) *

sample frequency (Hz)

Section 3:

Explain the image above

Explain the image above & why is the Decimal

value different to the Binary value?



Explain what is happening in the images above


Tier 3 Vocabulary Definition

Binary Addition

Overflow

The generation of a number that is too large to be

stored in the given number of bits.

Binary Shift

Allows you to easily multiply and divide base-2 binary

numbers. Left shift multiplies by 2, right shift divides

by 2.

Check Digit A calculation on data to create a number included with

the data for error checking.

Character-Set The set of symbols that may be represented in a

computer at a particular time.

ASCII America Standard Code for Information Interchange:“

Only 128 western characters.

Unicode

Standard character set that replaces the need for all

the different character sets It is a 16-bit extension of

ASCII. Over 65,535 characters.

Pixel

A pixel is the smallest unit of a digital image or graphic

that can be displayed and represented on a digital

display device.

Metadata A set of data that describes and gives information

about other data.

Colour Depth Also known as bit depth, is the number of bits used to

indicate the colour of a single pixel

Resolution The number of pixels on the horizontal axis and the

number on the vertical axis of an image.

Bit Rate The number of bits per second that can be transmitted

along a digital network.

Sampling

Frequency

Number of samples stored per second. Sample rate

multiplied by bit depth. The higher the number the

better the quality. The higher the number the larger

the file size. CD quality is 44,100 samples per second.

Compression The process of reducing the size of a file in terms of its

storage size.

Lossy

Compression

A compression scheme where their generally involves

a loss of resolution in parts of the image where

experience shows that it will be least noticed.

Lossless

Compression

A compression scheme that allows the original images

to be recreated.

26

Subject: GCSE Computer Science: Programming Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary


Variable A place in memory to store a value that can be changed by a

program while it is running

Constant A place in memory where a value is stored that is not

changed while a program is running (e.g. pi)

Inputs Any information or data which goes into a system

Outputs Any information of data which leaves a system.

Assignments Giving a variable or constant a value. e.g. counter = 0

Sequence One of the 3 basic programming constructs. Instructions

happening one after the other in order is sequence.

Selection

One of the 3 basic programming constructs. Instructions

which can evaluate a Boolean expression and then branch the

code to one or more alternatives paths is branching/

selection.

Iteration

One of the 3 basic programming constructs. A section of

code which can be repeated either a set number of times

(count controlled) or a variable number of times based on the

evaluation of a Boolean expression e.g. WHILE x!=5 (condition

-controlled).

Data Type The name given to specify the type of data stored in a

variable or constant.

Integer A data type used to store positive and negative whole

numbers.”In python this is referred to as a ’int’

Real A data type used to store a number with a decimal place, eg

3.54. In python this is referred to as a ‘float’

Character A single alphanumeric character or symbol.

String A sequence of alphanumeric characters and or symbols. e.g. a

word or sentence, #123dsc!£

String

Manipulation

Commands and techniques which allow you to alter and

extract information from textual strings e.g. LENGTH, LEFT,

RIGHT, SUBSTRING, UPPER, LOWER, ASC, CHAR etc.

Comments Used by a programmer to explains sections of code. Ignored

by the compiler.

Indentation Indenting makes it easy to see where structures begin and

end. Conditions and iterations should be indented. Code

inside procedures and functions should be indented.

Section 2: Important Ideas

Questions: Answers:

What are

suitable

variable

names?

Variable names cannot begin with a number

Variable names cannot use python command

words, e.g. print

Variable names cannot include spaces

Variable names should be consistent throughout

a program

Variable names must be descriptive

Examples:

firstName, surname, age, favourite_Colour

What are

camelCaps?

camelCaps is a naming convention for variables with

multiple word names which capitalises the first letter of

the second and subsequent words, forming a hump.

This makes the names easier for programmers to read.

Examples are addressLine1, yearOfBirth, countOfApples

What is

casting?

Converting a variable from one data type to

another. e.g. variable entered as a string, but

needs to be an integer for calculation. age =

INPUT(“Enter your age: “) #stored as a string

age = int(age) #cast to an INT

Other examples

distance = float(distance) #cast to a FLOAT

distance = str(distance) #cast to a string

Why are

comments

important?

Comments help other programmers to

understand the purpose of your code. This makes

it easier for other people to repair, improve or

maintain the code.

Key Syntax

print() Used to output text to screen

print("Hello World")

name = “Bob” print(“Hello “ + name) print(“Hello”,name)

input() Used to take input from a user, if you wish to

store this input you need to assign it to a variable

variableName = input(“Text to

display”)

Section 3:

Python Arithmetic Operators

Operator Description Example

+ Addition

Adds values on either

side of the operator. a + b = 30

- Subtraction

Subtracts right hand

operand from left hand

operand. a – b = -10

* Multiplication

Multiplies values on

either side of the oper-

ator a * b = 200

/ Division

Divides left hand oper-

and by right hand oper-

and b / a = 2

% Modulus

Divides left hand oper-

and by right hand oper-

and and returns re-

mainder

b % a = 0

** Exponent

Performs exponential

(power) calculation on

operators

a**b =10 to

the power 20

//

Floor Division - The

division of operands

where the result is the

quotient in which the

digits after the decimal

point are removed. But

if one of the operands

is negative, the result

is floored, i.e., rounded

away from zero

(towards negative

infinity)

9//2 = 4 and

9.0//2.0 =

4.0, -11//3 =

-4, -11.0//3 =

-4.0

Create your own examples for each operator with a

description to go with it.

27

Subject: Design Technology Topic: Materials and their Working Properties Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA


Vocabulary Definition

Materials The matter from which a thing is or can

be made

Hardwood

The wood from a broadleaved tree

(such as oak, ash, or beech)

Softwood The wood from a conifer (such as pine,

fir, or spruce)

Evergreen Relating to a plant that retains green

leaves throughout the year

Deciduous A tree or shrub shedding its leaves an-

nually

Strength The amount of load or

compression it can withstand

Toughness Absorption of energy through

shock before splitting

Elasticity

Will it return to shape after

being compressed?

Hardness How resistant is the surface?

Will it survive scratches, knocks

and abrasion?

Manufactured

boards

A manmade material made from

sawmill scraps, recycled wood, low

grade timbers and even sawdust

Section 2: Important Ideas

How do we measure the

weight of paper?

Grams per square metre

Wood fibre is used to make

paper pulp. What other

fibres could be used?

Straw, bamboo, sugar cane, flax;

cotton, hemp

Why are wood fibres

commonly used to produce

paper?

Produces a good quality pulp; is

comparatively low cost compared to

alternatives; is a sustainable source;

is in plentiful volume for supply.

What are the properties of

foam Board and why is it

good for displaying

artwork?

Lightweight, rigid, suitable for

cutting, paper surface suitable for

mounting images.

Why should you use bleed

proof paper when working

with felt tips and marker

pens?

-When drawing with a marker pen or

writing with ink, the paper keeps the

ink on the surface which creates

a crisper line or mark

- It resists bleeding and feathering

- It’s lightweight at around 70-80gsm

Why does grid paper have

printed squares or

isometric layouts?

The grid paper is printed with feint

lines that enable the user to draw

graphs and diagrams, plot

mathematical functions or add

scientific data

Why would artists and

designers use layout and

tracing paper during the

initial stages of the design

process?

- Layout paper is lightweight and

smooth with greater opacity than

tracing paper

- It accepts pencil and most other

media well

Section 3:

28

Subject: BTEC DIT: Component 1 Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary


Investigation

The action of investigating something or

someone; formal or systematic examination or

research

Interface

The term "interface" can refer to either a

hardware connection or a user interface. It can

also be used as a verb, describing how two

devices connect to each other.

Techniques

Technique is the method, procedure or way

something is done. Any method or manner of

accomplishing something

Performance

The performance of any computer system can be

evaluated in measurable, technical terms, using

one or more of the metrics listed above. This way

the performance can be compared relative to

other systems or the same system before/after

changes

Embedded

Systems

An embedded system is a computer system with

a dedicated function within a larger mechanical

or electrical system, often with real-time

computing constraints. It is embedded as part of

a complete device often including hardware and

mechanical parts


Designs

Design is the creation of a plan or convention for

the construction of an object, system or

measurable human interaction.

Software

A set of instructions and associated

documentation that tells a computer what to do

or how to perform a task or it can mean all the

software on a computer, including the

applications and the operating system

Hardware

Is the collection of physical parts of a computer

system. This includes the computer case,

monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also includes all

the parts inside the computer case, such as the

hard disk drive, motherboard, video card, and

many others. Computer hardware is what you

can physically touch.

Section 3


Questions: Answers:

1. What are the

definitions of user

interface?

These are the different types of

interfaces that people come across each

day:

Software features

Human features

2. What are the different

types of user interfaces?

Text based

Speech/natural language

GUI/WIMPs

Sensors

Menu/forms

3. What are some of the

ranges in which user

Iinterfaces are used for?

Computers

Handheld devices

Entertainment systems

Domestic appliances

Controlling devices

Embedded systems

4. How can different

factors affect the user’s

choice regarding the User

Interface?

Many factors can affect the users choice

which can lead to changes that will need

to be made and can consist of the

following:

Performance/response time

Ease of use

User requirements

User experience

Accessibility

Storage space

5. How is all the hardware

linked together so that

the system knows when

everything needs to be

run at the right time?

The software and hardware work together

to process the input.

The CPU (Central Processing Unit)

processes input into output through the

fetch-execute cycle. The CPU is made up of

several different parts including:

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), Control

Unit (CU) and various registers.

Copy the picture and state which if the following devices are either

Input or Output

Copy and label each of the storage devices above.

What type of user interface is the image above?

29

Subject: Food Technology Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2



Vegetarians do not eat meat but eat both dairy products and eggs.

They also eat vegetables, grains and pulses.

Vegans do not eat meat, eggs or dairy. They do not consume

anything from an animal. Vegans eat vegetables, grains

and pulses.

Pescatarian do not eat land mammals but do eat vegetables, dairy,

eggs and fish. They also eat grains and pulses.

Meat eaters eat land animals, fish, eggs and dairy, as well as

vegetables.

Fair trade food production that aims to provide fair prices and

better working conditions for farmers and farm

workers.

Farm assured means that the farms and food companies meet high

standards of food safety and hygiene, animal welfare

and environmental protection.

Sustainability

food production

that aims to preserve the world's natural resources for

future generations.

Free range is a method of farming where animals are allowed to

roam freely.

Organic foods have been grown without the use of chemical

fertilisers or pesticides.


Analysis Detailed examination of the elements or structure of

something.

Customs A traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or

doing something that is specific to a particular society,

place, or time.

Traditions Customs or beliefs from generation to generation, or

the fact of being passed on in this way.

Cuisine

A style or method of cooking, especially as

characteristic of a particular country, region, or

establishment.


What are cultures? The ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a

particular people or society.

What is religion? The ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a

particular people or society.

What are dietary

needs?

Dietary restrictions, based on someone by

choice, health or religion .

What are the dietary

needs of Muslims?

Halal is a form of animal slaughter specific to

the Islamic faith; the animal is blessed, they do

not drink alcohol or eat pork.


needs of Jews?

Kosher: Do not eat shellfish or pork, do not eat

dairy and meat in the same meal . They only

eat kosher meats (where the blood is drained

from the body through a slit in the throat

before the meat is soaked or salted).


needs of Hindus?

Do not eat beef or any beef product – this is

because the cow is a sacred , milk is permitted

as no animal is killed during the collection.

Most Hindus don’t drink alcohol.


needs of Sikhs?

Do not eat beef either for the same reasons as

Hindus. Many Sikhs are also vegetarians. Many

Sikhs will not eat Halal or Kosher meat as they

believe they are not killed humanely. Devout

Sikhs do not drink alcohol.

Buddhist Buddhists try to avoid intentionally killing,

monks and nuns are usually very strict and can

be vegetarians. Others will eat meat as long as

it was not killed for the specific purpose of

food.

Rastafarian Abstinence from most or all meat, artificial

foods, and alcohol. Shellfish and pork are

unlikely.

Section 3:

These signs are

found on items

that are both

produced for the

specific dietary

religious

requirement for

their faith.

Gluten free food sign for

people who have an

intolerance or allergy

(coeliac).

Believe at BBA

Lactose is a sugar present

in milk. Lactose

intolerance persons

must avoid all foods

containing lactose.

A vegan is someone

who does not eat meat

or the products of an

animal like eggs, milk or

cheese.

Task: Copy all the diagrams and labels using colour

30

Subject: Art and Design Topic: Communicating ideas in 2D, Materials Techniques and Equipment Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 3:

The colour Wheel colour theory

Task : Draw out the colour wheel and try out

the different techniques below in colouring



Primary colour A colour that is pure and can not be made by

other colours

Secondary colour A colour made by mixing two primary colours

Tertiary colour Three primary colours mixed together to creates

brown tones Harmonious colours Colours next to each other on the colour wheel

Complementary

colours

Colours that are opposite on the colour wheel

Blending Using two colours and applying one over the top

to create a new colour, eg red /orange

Shades Adding black to a colour

Tints Adding white to a colour

Tones Adding grey to a colour

Hatching Colouring in one direction

Cross hatching Colouring in two different directions to create a

cross formation

symmetrical The same shape and size on both sides of an

object

Bright A colour that stands out

Repeat pattern An image made up of repeated shapes in order


Design plan A sheet of ideas that show variations for a final

design

Apply To use

Techniques A skilful or efficient way of doing something

Application The action of applying something to a surface


1 Name the 3 primary

colours

1. Red, Yellow, Blue

2. Name the 3 secondary

colours

2. Green , Orange, Purple

3. What are the 3 sets of

complementary colours?

3. Red and green, purple and yellow ,

blue and orange

4.What is a good blending

technique when using

colouring crayons?

4. To apply or blend colours all in one

direction and where pencil crayon is

applied evenly while leaving no gaps

5. What colour should you

use first ?

5. The lightest colours first as you

can always go darker

6. What colours do you

add last and why?

6. Black; as you will not pollute any

of your colours or it can be used to

outline or neaten edges.

7. How to do you use

tracing paper

7.Trace your image, turn tracing

paper over, then trace over image

again in the position you want it on

your paper

8. How do you make

orange?

8.Red + Yellow = Orange

9. How do you make

purple?

9. Red + Blue = Purple

10.How do you make

green?

10.Yellow + Blue = Green

31


relevance/dates

Subject: Drama Topic: Developing Vocal Skills Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2


1. What is articulation?

2. Why is good breath

technique important to an

actor?

3. How would an actor express

feelings vocally?

Answers:

1. Articulation is the ability to

control your tongue and mouth

so that you pronounce your

words correctly and clearly.

2. Good breath technique is

important for an actor so that

they can support their words

and project their voice.

3. An actor would express their

feelings by developing their

vocal tone and colour.

4. What is dialect?

5. How does an actor develop

good diction?

4. Dialect is a regional variety in

language that includes different

phrases, pronunciation, words

and usage of words.

5. An actor develops good

diction by working on their

articulation exercises such as

tongue twisters.

6. What is a SMART target?

7. What is the difference

between identifying and

justifying your application of

skills?

6. A SMART target is one that is

Specific, Measurable,

Achievable, Realistic and Time-

bound.

7. To identify is to simply list the

skills that you have used. To

justify is to evaluate the skills

that you have used and to state

why you have used these and

the impact that they made on

your performance work.



Articulation Having control of your mouth muscles and

tongue to get your mouth around the words

so that you can clearly pronounce them.

Projection Using your voice in such a way that everyone

in the performance space can hear you.

Breath Control Making sure that you are taking in sufficient

air to support the volume needed for

projecting your voice.

Vocal Colour / Tone The way in which an actor expresses feelings

and emotions through their voice. The same

line can be said but given different meaning

with a different tone.

Pitch To speak at a given frequency or vibration to

stress certain words and communicate

feelings. How low or high the words sound.

Dialect A regional variety in language that includes

different phrases, pronunciation, words and

usage of words.

Accent The expression of words and lines using the

vocal style of a certain country or region,

such as Scotland, America, the north-east

England etc.

Resonance The quality in a sound of being deep, full, and

reverberating.


Identify Indicate the main features or purpose of

something

Evaluate Bring together all information and review it

to form a conclusion drawing on evidence

gathered.

Justify Give reasons or evidence to support an

opinion.

Believe at BBA

32

Subject: Hair and Beauty Topic: Blow-drying and Styling Hair Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 2: Important ideas

1. How would a client be

protected when styling hair?

1. Use of a gown

2. Why is it important to cool

hair prior to dressing out?

2. To check the hair is dried

properly

3. What is the meaning of the

term ‘hygroscopic’?

3. Absorbs moisture.


term ‘beta keratin’?

4. Hair in its newly formed

state.

5. What is a styling product? 5. A product which is applied to

wet hair, eg mousse, gel, lotion,

serum.

6. What is a finishing product? 6. A product which is applied to

dry hair, eg spray, gel, wax,

heat protector.


term ‘alpha keratin’?

7. Hair in its natural

unstretched state.

8. What is the benefit of using

styling products ?

8. Products reduce the risk of

static electricity and hold the

style in place.

9. Why could the hair feel sticky

after drying?

9. Too much product applied or

the wrong product applied

before drying.

10. What is the benefit of

providing aftercare advice?

10. It ensures customer

satisfaction and return visits.

Section 3:

Please draw the coils below and label how water

effects the hair.

Alpha Keratin

State

Beta Keratin

State



Cuticle The outer layer of the hair

Cortex The cortex is the main section of the hair and where the

basic and chemical changes take place

Alpha Keratin Hair in its natural unstretched state.

Beta Keratin Hair which has been stretched in a new position with

water or heat.

Polypeptide

chains

Made up of amino acid and peptide bonds from the

polypeptide chains, these are held together by bonds in

the cortex.

Hydrogen bonds These are temporarily broken during the setting or blow-

drying process

Salt bonds Salt bonds are also physical side bonds. Strong acidic or

alkaline solutions break salt bonds because they are

affected by changes in PH.

Humidity This is moisture in the air and as hair has the ability to

absorb moisture in a very humid environment this would

attack a hairstyle and it would lose its shape due to the

hair shaft swelling taking the hair back to alpha keratin

Hygroscopic Ability to absorb moisture from the atmosphere.

Styling Drying the hair into a new shape or style

Finishing

Teasing the hair with products to put into shape at the

end of the style.

Texture How thick or thin one strand of hair is.

Density How many haircare on one head.

Sparse Not many hairs on one head.

Abundant A lot of hairs on one head.

Growth patterns The way the hair grows from the scalp.

Contra-indications Contagious or infectious diseases, and scalp infections.

Tension How tightly the hair is pulled when styling and

finishing hair.

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33

Subject: Hair and Beauty Topic: Shampoo and Condition Hair Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 3:

Cortex

Medulla

Cuticle

Hair Structure

Skin Structure

Arrector pili muscle

Sweat gland

Sebaceous gland

Blood supply


1. What happens if the client

is positioned incorrectly at

the basin?

1 Risk of injury to the client.

2. What effect will cool water

have on the hair when

shampooing?

2. Will not clean the hair of grease and

products.

3. What massage movement

is used when cleansing the

hair?

3. Rotary.

4. What are the 3 main hair

conditions?

4. Normal, dry, oily.

5. Why do we use

conditioner?

5. Closing and smoothing the cuticle,

adding shine.

6. Why should the shampoo

process be repeated?

6. To remove all dirt and products from

the hair.

7. Why is communication

important?

7. To find out what the client wants

doing, to be professional and encourage

clients to return. To promote you and the

business

8. How does the cuticle lie on

the hair structure?

8. Root to point.

9. How do you know the hair

is clean?

9. The hair will squeak and feel free from

product.

10. How do you prepare the

client for shampooing?

10. Use a gown, cape and towel and

position correctly at the basin.

11. How should hair be worn

to ensure a good personal

image?

11. In a suitable style for the type of

salon.

12. What massage

movement is used when

conditioning the hair.?

12. Petrissage.



Cuticle The outer layer of the hair

Cortex The cortex is the main section of the hair and where

the basic and chemical changes take place

Medulla The medulla is a space found within the central core of

the hair that may or may not be present

Epidermis Outer layer of the skin. The bit we can touch.

Dermis The inner layer of the skin where all the vessels live.

Effleurage The stroking movement to apply and spread shampoo

and conditioner on the hair and scalp.

Rotary Shampoo movement using circular movement to

massage the shampoo to the hair and scalp

Petrissage Circular relaxing movement used when conditioning

Porosity Checking the condition of the cuticle.

Elasticity Checking the condition of the cortex.

Hydrophilic Water loving (grease hating) molecules in shampoo

Hydrophobic Grease loving (water hating) molecules in shampoo.

Erector pili

muscle

You aren't able to control the muscle yourself because

is it involuntarily. Erector pili muscle makes your hair

stand up .

Sweat gland The sweat gland produces sweat made up of salts,

water and many other minerals. This is to cool the skin

down.

Sebaceous gland The sebaceous gland produces a natural oil from the

hair and scalp named sebum.


Professionalism Using the correct tone and manner with clients and

staff

Consultation Gain information from the client on the hair and skin

Root Section of the hair found at the base off the

follicle.

Point Section of the hair found at the ends of the hair shaft.



34

Subject: Childcare Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary


Statutory

setting

These are services that have to be available by law, i.e.

through legislation which requires either the

government or local authorities to provide them. Schools

are a good example of a statutory service.

Private setting Crèche at a shopping centre. These are profitmaking

services. They will have an owner or be run by a

company.

Voluntary

setting

Parent and toddler group run by a local church

These are services provided by organisations such as

charities where some or all of their funding comes from

donations.

Independent

setting

Private school. These are services that are provided

independently of the state and do not rely on

government funding. This term is usually used in relation

to schools. Independent schools may choose not to

follow the National Curriculum because

they do not receive government funding.

Safeguarding Safeguarding is the action that is taken to promote the

welfare of children and protect them from harm.

Confidentiality The state of keeping or being kept secret or private.

Discrimination The unfair or harmful treatment of different categories of

people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Child

protection

Child protection is the protection of children from

violence, exploitation, abuse and neglect.

Auditory A learning style in which a person learns through

listening.

Kinaesthetic A learning style in which learning takes place by the

students carrying out physical activities, rather than

listening to a lecture or watching demonstrations.

Visual A style in which a learner utilises graphs, charts, maps

and diagrams.


Expectations Expectation is what is considered the most likely to

happen.

Polite Having or showing behaviour that is respectful and

considerate of other people.

Positive

attitude

Have a positive, joyful attitude and you'll have positive,

joyful results.


What must you do before you attend

work experience in a setting?

You must contact the manager in

the setting and find out the start

and finish times, dress code,

breaks and job roles.

What are the expectation when

working in a setting?

You must attend all the placement

days, be punctual, dressed

appropriately, be polite and show

respect to all staff, take notes and

learn about the setting.

Explain why it is important to know

the responsibilities of your own role.

You need to know the limitations

on what you can do. It is important

that you understand the limits of

your role in the placement. This is

to stop any mistakes and any

miscommunication with parents.

What may happen if the

responsibilities of the early years

worker are not met ?

Staff could miss signs of neglect,

abuse or learning difficulties,

which could lead to further

complications.

What the different learning styles? Auditory , Kinaesthetic , Visual

When do you need to pass on

information to other professionals?

You must pass any concerns with

children to the manager ASAP.

They would then pass on to the

professionals.

Identify how you can respond to the

individual needs of children

Firstly observe the children then

adapt activities to suit the

children's individual needs.

Why is it important to understand

your own learning style?

It will help you learn better, enjoy

learning and revision; plan and

achieve.

Section 3:

Memorise the below and write out the tables.

35

Subject: Business BTEC Topic: Unit 4 - Customer Service Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2 Believe at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary


Customer Service The experience a customer gets when using

products made by the business. Satisfied

customers make repeat purchases and

recommend the product to friends, leading to

additional word-of-mouth sales.

Service Deliverer The person seen by the customer as providing

customer service and representing the business

Face-to Face

Customer service

Direct in person service, eg hotel reception,

restaurants and shops

Remote customer

service

Customer service not in person, e.g. call centres

and online

Customer

Satisfaction

The level of satisfaction the customer has

following the service they receive.

Business

reputation

How well the business is thought of amongst its

customers

Value for Money The extent customers feel they have had good

value for the service they received compared to

the money they paid.

Word of mouth

reputation

How customers will pass on their experiences of a

business or service to friends or other colleagues.

Repeat Custom Customers returning to the business due to

previous good experience.

Competitive

advantage

A condition or circumstance that puts a company

in a favourable or superior business position.

Retention of

existing customers

Businesses maintain their customer base.

Limits of Authority The extents a service personnel can go to meet

customer satisfaction.


Profit The money the business has made after all

expenses have been accounted for.

Loyalty Customers have a greater preference to a

particular business or brand and use them

repeatedly.


Question: Answer:

Jobs roles that require

direct customer service?

Receptionist, Shop assistant,

Delivery driver.

Job roles that require

non direct customer

service?

Cleaner, Gardener, Chef,

Engineer

What is meant by

customer satisfaction?

Customers feeling they have

confidence in the service,

gained value for money, would

use the business again (repeat

custom), would speak

positively about the business

(word-of-mouth reputation)

Name different ways

businesses satisfy their

customers?

Reliable products and services,

Providing extra service (e.g.

free delivery ) Providing value

for money, Speed of service,

efficiency of dealing with

problems.

How do businesses

provide consistent and

reliable customer

service?

Staff knowledge of products

and service, staff attitude and

behaviour, meeting customer

needs, confirming service

meets customer needs and

dealing with problems.

What is the effect of

good customer service

on the reputation of the

business?

Building a good reputation,

increased profit, retention of

existing customers, new

customers, word of mouth

recommendations, competitive

advantage and staff job

satisfaction and motivation

Section 3:

Please draw the flow charts below showing how

customer service works.

36

Believe at BBA Section 3:

Contact Sports Injuries Non contact Sports Injuries

Elbow in the eye Over stretched to reach the ball

Protective Clothing can reduce the risk of an injury occur-

ring.

Behaviour of other players can cause an injury

Mistimed jump for the ball High Tackle

Risk Assessment in Sport ais very important

Subject: OCR Sports Science Topic: Injuries Year: 10 Term: Autumn 2



Activity Type Contact sports have a higher risk of participants

being injured as they present different risk

factors than those such as gymnastics.

Coaching/

supervision

The correct technique must be performed by

participants as incorrect or poor technique

could result in an injury.

Ensuring players communicate within the game

can decrease the risk of collisions. Also using

basic terminology for young athletes will help

decrease the risk of them becoming confused.

Rules and regulations ensure that players have

clear boundaries to avoid any potential injuries.

Environmental

Factors

This can be broken down into different weather

conditions and how an athlete can prepare for

them in terms of what they should wear.

The playing surface would also need to be

considered as the weather could affect

performance and potential injuries occurring.

Equipment It is important to consider the correct

equipment needed for activities so that the risk

of injury can be decreased. This refers to what

participants would wear and any pieces of

equipment needed to keep them safe.

Safety Hazards Risk assessments, safety checks and emergency

plans should be in place to ensure participants

safety.


Injury Can be categorised as basic or complex and

either can harm a participant.

Risk The combination of the likelihood of a hazard

causing harm and the severity of the potential

injury.

Extrinsic The name given to external things that come

from outside you.


What? Answers:

1. Name 4 contact sports that

could a player have an injury in?

1. Boxing, Rugby, Wrestling, Judo

etc

2. What hazards can you think

of when going swimming?

2. Depth of pool, swimming ability,

running on the side, diving,

chemicals in the water.

3. What is a risk assessment? 3. When someone assesses a playing

area and is able to judge if it is fit for

purpose and that everything has

been done to ensure participant

safety

4. What does ‘control measures’

mean in a risk assessment?

4. Making adjustments so hazards

are less risky.

Why? Answers:

5. Why could poor technique

result in an injury?

5. Because movements are less

accurate and efficient., such as poor

lifting technique in weight lifting.

6. Why are communication skills

important when avoiding injury

in sport?

6. Because collisions between

players could happen or instructions

could be misconstrued.

7. Why should sports players

drink lots in hot weather?

7. To avoid dehydration.

How? Answers:

8. How can a sports player

prepare for cold weather?

8. They can wear lots of thin layers

of clothes and a hat.

9. How could the behaviour of

other players result in a sports

injury?

9. If they do not stick to the rules,

for example a high tackle in rugby or

a mistime tackle in football.

10. How can a low skill level

result in injury?

10. Players can attempt movements

that they are not trained to do or be

over-confident.

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37

Believe at BBA Subject: OCR Sports Science Topic: Sports Injuries Year: 10 Term: Autumn 2

Section 1: Key Vocabulary Tier 3 vocabulary Definition

Motivation The direction and intensity of effort (Sage

1977)

Motivation The internal mechanisms and external

stimuli that act to arouse and direct

behaviour (Sage 1977)

Intrinsic Motivation From internal factors—Thoughts and feelings

inside us

Extrinsic Motivation

From external factors—Money / Trophies /

Medals

Views of Motivation

Trait—Situation—

Interactional

Trait = Individual Characteristics

Situation = Situation / Environment

Interactional = Traits and Environment

Achievement Motivation A person’s efforts to master skills, achieve

excellence, overcome obstacles and perform

better than other people.

Goal Setting An important way to influence motivation is

to set short, medium and long term goals.

SMARTER Targets Specific / Measurable / Achievable /

Realistic / Time Related / Exciting /

Recorded.

Aggression Necessary in order to be successful. However

too much can lead to injury and

consequences.

Aggression Can be directed / channelled to enable the

athlete to perform better.


Psychological Factors Motivation / Aggression /

Arousal / Anxiety Levels

Sportsmanship Playing fairly and supporting and celebrating

your opponents

Gamesmanship Bending the rules to your advantage to gain

an edge

Cheating Overly motivated to perform well or gain

extrinsic factors.

Section 3:

Motivation

Intrinsic / Extrinsic Motivation

Aggression


What? Answers:

1. What is a definition of

motivation?

1. The direction and intensity of

effort (Sage 1977)

2. What gets you motivated

before you take part in sport?

2. Student Answer

3. Give an example of a type of

intrinsic motivation

3. Wanting to do well, personal

achievement, pride, setting a new

PB.

4. Name a sports star and

explain what their specific

extrinsic motivations are.

4. Student Answer—Money /

Trophies / Medals / Recognition

Why? Answers:

5. Why is it important to set

goals when motivating yourself?

5. Gives you focus / sets a standard

for you to achieve / keeps you

training

6. Why do you need to set

achievable targets?

6. So that you gain some success

along the way which will keep you

going.

7. Why do you need to control

your aggression in a sport?

7. To avoid injuring yourself and

others / to remain in the game and

not get penalised / to not give your

team a disadvantage

How? Answers:

8. How many views of

motivation are there?

8. 3; Trait, Situation, Interactional

9. How could a person’s

environment explain how they

are motivated?

9. Depends on their individual

circumstance. Can help to explain

how people change behaviour when

in a sporting environment

10. How do you predict how

someone will behave?

10. Use the interactional view using

both traits and situation.

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38

Believe at BBA Subject: PSHE & Citizenship Topic: Life In Modern Britain Year: 9 Term: Autumn 2



Multi-Culturalism Multi-Culturalism is the presence of, or

support for the presence of, several distinct

cultural or ethnic groups within a society.

Nationalism Nationalism can be defined as patriotic

feeling, principles, or efforts.

Segregation Segregation is the action or state of setting

someone or something apart from others.

Multiple Identity A multiple identity is when you have

different cultural outlooks in your life. You

may also have different values and beliefs in

your family. People in your family may also

have different ancestry i.e. from different

countries.

Democracy Democracy is a system of government by the

whole population or all the eligible members

of a state, typically through elected

representatives.

Immigration Immigration is the action of coming to live

permanently in a foreign country.

Emigration Emigration is the act of leaving one's own

country to settle permanently in another;

moving abroad.

Asylum Asylum is the protection granted by a

state to someone who has left their

home country as a political refugee.

Equal Rights

Equal rights may refer to: Equality before the

law, when all people have the same rights.


1. What does it mean to

have multiple identity?

1. A multiple identity is when you have

different cultural outlooks in your life.

You may also have different values and

beliefs in your family. People in your

family may also have different ancestry

i.e. from different countries.

2. What is the difference

between immigration and

emigration?

2. The difference between “immigrate”

and “emigrate” is that “immigrating” is

the act of entering a foreign country to

live while “emigrating” is the act of

leaving a country to live in another.

3. Why would someone

seek asylum?

3. Seeking asylum means someone is

asking for political protection from

another country because they cannot

return to their own country. An asylum-

seeker must prove they faced

persecution in their home country due

to race, religion, nationality,

membership in a particular social group

or political opinions.

4. What is a democracy? 4. Democracy is a system of government

by the whole population or all the

eligible members of a state, typically

through elected representatives.

5. Why is democracy so

important to how we live?

5. Voting and democracy is very

important in a nation because it

provides people an opportunity to voice

their opinion and vote for what they

believe in, it holds elected officials

accountable for their behaviour while in

office, and it prevents a minority from

dictating the policies of a majority.


relevance/dates

Memorise the flow diagram below. Cover the image and

write down the 6 steps of the election process in order.

Can you explain what polling is?

Can you name 3 political parties?

Can you name the current UK Prime Minister?

39

Notes:

40

Notes:

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