UNCLASSIFIED

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ARMED SERVICES TECHNICAL INFORMOION AGENCYARLINGTON HALL STATIONARLINGTON 12, VIRGINIA

UNCLASSIFIED

NOTICE: When government or other drawings, speci-fications or other data are used for any purposeother than in connection with a definitely relatedgovernment procurement operation, the U. S.Government thereby incurs no responsibility, nor anyobligation whatsoever; and the fact that the Govern-ment may have formulated, furnished, or in any waysupplied the said drawings, specifications, or otherdata is not to be regarded by implication or other-wise as in any manner licensing the holder or anyother person or corporation, or conveying any rightsor permission to manufacture, use or sell anypatented invention that may in any way be relatedthereto.

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6 L BALLISTIC CAMERASYNCHRONIZATION

- & CONTROL SYSTEMCONTRACT NUMBER DA 30-069-ORD-3291

Progress Report No. 8

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BALLISTIC CAMERA SYNCHRONIZATION

& CONTROL SYSTEM

Contract Number DA-30-069-ORD-3291

Progress Report No. 8

Link DivisionGeneral Precision, Inc.

December 15, 1961

WDR -55-8Page ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

List of Illustrations............................iii

Foreword....................................iv

Summary................................... v

1. 0 Introduction..................................1

2. 0 Present Program Status........................2

3.0 Tape Commands...............................3

4. 0 Tape Decoding Matrix..........................5

5. 0 Rotating Disc Shutter Opening Circuit............. 7

6. 0 Synchronization Detector Circuit..................9

7.0 Resolver Servo...............................11

8. 0 Oscilloscope Presentation for Camera

Shutter Pulses................................14

9.0 Capping Shutter Timing........................ 16

10.0 G-4 Averaging Circuit. .. .... ... ... ... .... 19

11.0 Technical Exhibit C .. .. .... ... ... .... ..... 20

12. 0 Program for the Subsequxent Reporting Period . .. 26

13.0 Program Schedule. .. ... ... .... ... ... ..... 27

~WDR-55-8

IPage i

1

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Page

I 1 Tape Commands .......................... 4

1 2 Tape Decoding Matrix ...................... 6

3 Rotating Disc Shutters Opening Circuit ...... 8

4 Synchronization Detector Circuit...............10

I 5 Two Speed Resolver Drive ..... .............. 12

6 Picture of Two Speed Resolver Drive ....... .... 13

7 Oscilloscope Presentation for Camera ShutterPulses ........ ........................... 15

8 Timing Diagram of Capping Shutter ........ ..... 17

I 9 Camera Timing Diagram for 10 Frames perSecond and an Exposure of 1/60 of a Second . . 18

10 Bilistic Camera Synchronization & ControlSystem Control Panels ....................... 21

11 Remote Control Panel for the Ballistic CameraSynchronization & Control System ......... ..... 25

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WDR-55-8Page iv

FOREWORD

This progress report is submitted inaccordance with Article I, paragraphc(1) of Contract No. DA-30-069-ORD-3291. This eighth report documentsthe period from 1 November 1961 to30 November 1961.

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WDR-55-8I Page v

IISUMMARY

I The circuits for the Rotating isc Shutter Opening,Circuit, the 8ynchronization',Oetector Circuit, theI esolverRervo, and theTape,1Dcoding Matrix arediscussed. The assignment of tape commands is alsopresented. A diagram ofCapping Shutter Timing isincluded. The present status of the G-4 AveragingCircuit ,mmLT-ee a - .xh..... -i-m- discussed.

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WDR-55-8Page 1

11.0 Introduction

This is the eighth in a series of monthly reports coveringthe progress of the Ballistic Camera Synchronization andControl System. These reports will provide a technicalrecord of the development program. The work completedin the previous month will be covered, and an outline givenof the work to be done for the next reporting period. Majorproblems that arise will also be reported.I

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WDR-55-8Page 2

2. 0 Present Program Status

At this time, all purchase part items that are required forTechnical Exhibit B are on order. The delivery dates forthese items vary from November, 1961 to the middle ofJanuary, 1962. Work has been started on the wiring of theunits that were included in Technical Exhibit B. The Brushrecorder was received in late November 1961 and is nowinstalled and wired. The G-4 Averaging Circuit has beenwired and some preliminary testing of the unit has beenaccomplished. The major items of the Camera Synchroni-zation System are finished and tested, however, there hasnot been a system test. This is because the electricalenclosure is being wired to accommodate the units calledout by Technical Exhibit B. All circuits that were calledout in the original specification and in Technical Exhibit Bhave been engineered.

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IWDR-55-8i Page 3

I3.0 Tape Commands

Figure 1 is a list of the tape commands. It should be notedthat all eight channels have been used. The first group,Iconsisting of channels 1, 2, and 3, are reserved for con-trolling the Ballistic Camera Synchronization and ControlSystem. The second group consists of channel 4 and isreserved for use by White Sands Missile Range. The thirdgroup is composed of channels 5, 6, 7, and 8. This groupis arranged in a matrix to give 16 commands.

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WDR-55-8Page 4

GROUP 1

Channels

2 Recorder Stop Shutter Close3 ,Recorder Stop Shutter Open4 Recorder Start Shutter Close5 Recorder Start Shutter Open

66 Calibrate

8 Tape Stop i

GROUP 2Channel 4 is Unassigned

GROUP 3

ChannelsM Function 5 6 7 8

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12

CE Denotes a hole

Figu.re I Tape Commands

WDR-55-8Page 5

4.0 Tape Decoding Matrix

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the tape decoding matrix.Group 1 consists of eight possible commands. These arethe commands: no command, recorder stop capping shutterclose, recorder stop capping shutter open, recorder startcapping shutter close, recorder start capping shutter open,calibrate, mission, and tape stop. The recorder and cap-ping shutter commands are combined so that simultaneouscommands can be given to these two units. The combinedrecorder and capping shutter commands are fed into ANDcircuits to obtain the individual commands.

Group 2 (channel 4) is reserved for White Sands MissileRange. Command and Not Command are both available.

Group 3 is a matrix that develops sixteen signals from fourchannels. Only one of these commands is avajlable at atime. The loading of all outputs, except the Not Commandof channel four, is 7 unit loads. The Not Command ofchannel four is 6 unit loads.

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WDR-55-8Page 7

I5.0 Rotating Disc Shutters Opening Circuit

The rotating disc shutters opening circuit removes thesteady 500 cycle drive power from the camera motor.After the motor stops, a pulse train of two pulses persecond is supplied to the camera motor. The exactlength of the pulses is not known at this time. Thepulse length can be varied in the field or set by Linkwhen the pulse length is known. The exact pulse lengthis to be supplied by the camera manufacturer. Figure 3is a diagram of the Rotating Disc Shutter OpeningCircuit. It should be noted that there are two time delayrelays in series - for this reason a failure of a timedelay relay will not damage the camera. Zener diodesare on both sides of the switching relay to protect theamplifier and motor from switching transients.

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WDR-55-8Page 8

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WDR-55-8Page 9

6.0 Synchronization Detector Circuit

The Synchronization Detector Circuit detects the cameraand shutter pulses and reshapes these pulses to standard3C logic pulses. The signals required for the synchroni-zation and visual display are also generated by theSynchronization Detector Circuit. This circuit also deter-mines when the camera is in or out of synchronization.Fig .re 4 is a block diagram of the Synchronization DetectorCircuit.

IIt has been stated previously that the camera pulse andshutter pulses are positive three volt pulses. To insurethat noise is not a problem in the transmission of thesepulses, the cables are terminated by fifty ohm resistorsand Schmitt Triggers are used to detect the pulses. TheSchmitt Triggers are set to trigger at one half the ampli-tude of the pulse. Any noise less than one and one-halfvolts will not trouble the system. The fast and slowpulses are stretched to 500 microseconds and are sent onto the Recorder. The camera pulse is required in threeplaces and in three different kinds of signal. The firsttype of pulse is a standard 3C pulse which is required bythe Automatic Synchronization System. The camera pulseis amplified to a standard 3C pulse and is also stretchedto 500 microseconds and sent to the recorder.

The plus and minus one hundred microsecond pulses fromthe pulse generator are used to generate a gate that istwo hundred microseconds wide and is centered on the insynchronization pulse. This gate pulse is used to deter-mine when the camera is in or out of syncuronization;and is also the pedestal pulse of the oscilloscope. Whenthe camera pulse is out of synchronization, the alarmcircuit is energized.

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WDR-.55-8Page 1O

FAST SHUTTER +P~SSTO M-30A PA-30 FAST SHUTTER500 CTO RECORDER

SLOWSLO SHUTTER PLS

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OM-30APA-30IN SYNCH

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PULSEE OUTCISIONDM-3A- 30 EL AY TO RECRDE

RECRDRRALALAT

Figre Sychoniatin DtetorCirui

~WDR-55-8

Page 11

I

7.0 Resolver Servo

This report includes a mechanical schematic and a pictureof the resolver servo (Figures 5 and 6). During the coarsemode of operation, the gear reduction from the motor tothe resolver is 4. 966. The differential in this mode isueing driven by the 1:52. 875 step down gear train and the1:1 brake clutch. The two inputs of the differential add.During the fine mode of operation, the clutch is open andthe brake is on. Hence, the resolver is driven through the1:52. 875 gear train. This gives a gear reduction of 267.548from the motor to the resolver.

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WDR-55-8Page 12

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Figure 6 Picture of Two Speed Resolver Drive

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WDR -55-8Page 14

8. 0 Oscilloscope Presentation for CameraShutter Pulses

Figure 7 is a drawing of the presentation of the two modesof operation for manual synchronization. During the coarsemode, the oscilloscope is triggered by the pulse train fromthe Pulse Generator that is displaced from the synchroniza-tion pulse train by one-half of a period. This allows thepedestal pulse to appear in the center of the oscilloscope.When the system is in the fine mode, the oscilloscope istriggered by the minus-one-thousand-microsecond pulse.The sweep rate for the fine mode is two hundred micro-seconds per centimeter. The pedestal is centered on theface of the oscilloscope at this sweep rate. The sweep ratefor the coarse mode is l/Shutter Rate. The triggeringpulses are switched automatically. The sweep rates mustbe adjusted manually at the oscilloscope.

Preliminary testing indicates that sweep blanking givesbetter resolution than sweep brighting. Sweep blankingalso has the advantage of not damaging the cathode raytube when the spot appears in the same position for anylength of time. Link requests White Sands Missile Rangeto forward their ideas on this problem.

WDR-55-8Page 15

Oscilloscope Presentation Fine Mode

Camera in Synchronization

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Oscilloscope Presentation Coarse Mode

Camera Pulse Leading the Timing Pulse by 1/4 of a Period

Figure 7 Oscilloscope Presentations for the Camera Shutter Pulses

WDR-55-8Page 16

9.0 Capping Shutter Timing

Figure 8 is a timing diagram of the capping shutter. Thisinformation is from the Fred C. Henson Co. Figure 9 isthe timing diagram of the capping shutter imposed on thetiming diagram of the rotating shutters. The frame rateis ten per second and the exposure time is 1/60 of a second.This is the worst case. The diagram shows that the cap-ping will operate satisfactorily when triggered with thesynchronization pulse. A larger safety factor can beobtained by triggering with the -1000 microsecond pulse.It is understood that the capping shutter will work at 2, 4,5, and 10 frames per second.

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WDR-55-8Page 17

OPENING

OPEN------------

SHUTT ERPOSITION

CLOSED -----------

0 50 100 150

Time (Milliseconds)

CLOSING

OPEN ----------------

SHUTTERPOSITION ----- -

CLOSED - ---

0 50 100 150

Time (Milliseconds)

Figure 8 Timing Diagram of Capping Shutter

WDR-55-8Page 18

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WDR-55-8Page 19

I10.0 G-4 Averaging Circuit

The G-4 Averaging Circuit has been assembled and somepreliminary testing has been done. The G-4 AveragingCircuit will lock onto a non-jittering pulse within 48 secondsand stay locked on within 4 clock pulses. Since the G-4averaging circuit design is based upon a statistical repre-sentation of the G-4 pulse train, a complete test will not bepossible until the G-4 Averaging Circuit is driven with aG-4 pulse train. Work will be continued to determine if the4 pulse error is a design limitation or a peculiarity of thecircuit. With a jittering pulse train, the number of pulsesprevented from flowing into the storage unit should equalthe number of extra pulses flowing into the storage unit.Hence, the errors should cancel.

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I WDR-55-8Page 20

i11.0 Technical Exhibit C

ILink Palo Alto has received a notification from N. Y.Ordnance stating that Exhibit C is to be incorporated intothe Contract in the near future. The Exhibit leavesseveral problems unresolved. It recognizes that manydetails cannot be clarified exactly until after Exhibit C isadded as a contractual requirement.

Accordingly, we have had several phone conversations,and visits to WSMR by technical, as well as liaisonpersonnel, to minimize the issues which are not yet speci-fied. The following data represent our current under-standing of Technical Exhibit C.

A 3000 VA Sola Line Regulator and the associated equip-ment (circuit breaker, terminal board, indicating lights,wiring, and front panel) will be installed in the seconddual electronic enclosure. The installation will be similarto the kind of installation chosen for the first dual elec-tronic enclosure. The two 3000 VA Sola Regulators willbe fed by separate cables and there will be no interlocksbetween the two regulators.

Figure 10 is a diagram showing all of the controls, andtheir locations, of the Ballistic Camera Synchronizationand Control System. The following is a list of all of thefunctions and locations of all of the controls.

I Astrodome

Function Control Indicator

Tape Reader Run Run & Stop

(Mission Mode, arms system; Calibrate Mode, starts tape reader)

Camera Motor On & Off On & Off

Capping Shutter Ope'x & Close Open & Close

Synchronization In & Out

Capping Shutter Operate & Lock

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WDR-55-8

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WDR-55-8Page 22

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Sky Screen Director

Function Control Indicator

Tape Reader Run Run & Stop

I(Mission Mode, arms system; Calibrate Mode, starts tape Reader)

Camera Motor On & Off On & Off

Capping Motor Open & Close Open & Close

Capping Shutter In & Out

Capping Shutter Operate & Lock

ISynchronization System

Function Control Indicator

Tape Reader Run Run & Stop

(Mission Mode, arms system; Calibrate Mode, starts tape Reader)

System Mode Mission & Calibrate Mission & Calibrate

Camera Motor On & Off On & Off

Capping Shutter Open & Close Open & Close

Synchronization In & Out

Capping Shutter Operator & Lock Operator & Lock

Rotating Shutters Run & Open Run & Open

Recorder Run & Stop Run & Stop

I Tape Reader Stop when two Lights are on(2 switches) switches are when tape reader

pressed is on.simultaneously

Arm Circuit Disarmed when two Lights are ol. when(2 switches) switches are system is armed.

pressedIsimultaneously.

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WDR-55-8Page 23

ISynchronization System (Continued)

Function Control Indicator

Camera Synchroni- Manual & Manual &t zation Mode Automatic Automatic

Camera Synchroni- Coarse & Fine Coarse & Finezation AdjustmentMode

Camera Synchroni- On & Off On & Offzation Servo Motor

Camera Synchroni- Camera Pulsezation Manual Advance orPhase Shift Retard

Test Point Fast Shutter

Test Pcint Slow Shutter

Test Point Camera Shutter

Oscilloscope Indicator & Test Indicator & Test

When the system is armed, or the tape is running, all ofthe controls in the astrodome and the sky screen directorare inoperative. The following controls are inoperative inthe synchronization system:

(1) camera motor on & off,(2) capping shutter open & close,(3) capping shutter lock,(4) rctating shutters run & open, and(5) recorder run & stop.

To disarm the system or stop the tape reader, two switchesmust be pressed simultaneously. This method of controlshould reduce to a minimum the danger of an operatorstopping the tape reader during a mission. It is felt that thecamera Synchronization Controls do not need to be interlocked,If White Sands Missile Range should desire that these con-trols be interlocked, then this will be accomplished.

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WDR-55-8Page 24

White Sands Missile Range has suggested the use of serialoperation for all multi-position switches. Link, Palo Alto,has pointed out to White Sands Missile Range that, althoughthis method is the cheapest approach, a failure in anyswitch or connecting cable is catastrophic. A failure mustbe repaired before the system can operate. Parallel opera-tion of the multi-position switch has the advantage of ignoringan open failure or removing a short failure and still have theremaining switch stay operative. Link, Palo Alto, will useserial operation unless directed to do otherwise.

Figure 11 is a drawing of the proposed mechanical layoutof the Astrodome Control Panel. Since White Sands MissileRange has assigned 1-3/4 inches to this panel and theswitches require over a one-inch cut out, ordinary panelconstruction cannot be used. To achieve the required stiff-ness and mechanical strength, the control panel will bemade from a 1-3/4" x 1" U channel. The leads for thecontrol panel will come in on a plug that will either be on adangle or a bracket.

Link, Palo Alto, would appreciate the comments of WhiteSands Missile Range regarding the above description oftechnical Exhibit C.

IWDR-55-8Page 25

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WDR-55-8Page 26

12.0 Program for the Subsequent Reporting Period

The program for the next Reporting Period will be to wireand install the units that are on order, as soon as they arereceived. If testing of the synchronization system can bescheduled to not interfere with wiring and installation,testing will be accomplished. Link, Palo Alto, is preparedto start work on Technical Exhibit C when approval isreceived.

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WDR-55-8Page 27

13.0 Program Schedule

Enclosed with this report is a Line of Balance DeliverySchedule. This report is revised from those previouslysubmitted. The revision results from the additional effortand delay incurred by incorporation of Exhibit B. The newdelivery schedule is 2 March 1962. This has been dis-cussed with WSMR personnel and we understand it is stillwithin the time requirements of their overall planning.

F.tOt6.I OBJECTIVE (A 1).4-4.1f)

. . . . . . . . . . .

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SENSOR IDENTIFICATION

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I. Generation of Specifications2. Start Procurement of Parts (1-unit)3. Start System Design ~L .24. Start Breadboard5. Start Detail Design6. Start Fab. & Assembly , w-'fiA'/7. Start Functional Tests8. Complete System Design9. Complete Ordering all Major Items /4 /

10. Complete Breadboard . .

11. Complete Drawing Required forFabrication . . . .

12. Receive AU Major Purchased Items T ....

13. Complete Assembly14. Start System Test15. Ship to Test Lab for Environmental I

Tests .. . . ..

16. Complete All Drawings17. Complete Environmental Tests "18. Ship to Customer . . . . .

19. Ship First Unit 60 Days afterCustomer Acceptance of Proto-Type . " A(Total of 7 Follow-On Units)

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