LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ACWP – Actual Cost of Work PerformedANSI – American National Standards InstituteATP – Alternative Transient ProgramBAC – Baseline Cost or Budget At CompletionBCA – Benefit / Cost AnalysisBCC – Budget Control ChartsBCWP – Budgeted Cost of Work PerformedBCWS – Budgeted Cost of Work ScheduledCAD – Computer-Aided DesignCAE – Computer-Aided EngineeringCB – Circuit BreakerCC – Corner CubicleCIGRE – International Council on Large Electric SystemsCM – Construction ManagementCO – Commisioning and OperatingCP – Cost PlusCPI – Cost Performance IndexCPIC – Control Point Identification ChartsCPM – Critical Path MethodCS – Counselling ServicesCV – Cost VarianceDBMS – Database Management SystemDD – Detail DesignDIN – Deutsches Institut fur NormungDSSCW – Design and Supervision Services for Construction of WorksEAC – Estimate At CompletionEM – Electrogeometric ModelEMTP – Electromagnetic Transient ProgramES – Evaluation StudyESELC – Early Streamer Emission Lightning ConductorET – Estimated TimeFACTS – Flexible AC Transmission Systems

Z. Stojkovic, Computer-Aided Design in Power Engineering,DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-30206-0, � Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012

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List of abbreviations 431

FD – Feasibility and DesignFF – Finish to FinishFIDIC – International Federation of Consulting EngineersFOCS – Fiber Optic Current SensorFOICS – Fiber Optic Impulse Current SensorFORTRAN – FORmula TRANslating systemFP – Fixed PriceFS – Feasibility StageFS – Feasibility StudyFS – Fnish to StartGERT – Graphical Evaluation and Review TechniqueGIC – Grounding Impulse CharacteristicsGIS – Gas Insulated SwitchgearsGM – Generic ModelGPS – General Position SystemGUI – Graphical User InterfaceHLA – High Level ArchitectureHPGL – Hewlett-Packard Graphics LanguageHPP – Hydroelectric Power PlantIEC – International Electrotechnical CommisionIEEE – Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersIH – In-HouseIS – Inception StageJDE – Jet Database EngineLISP – LISt Processing languageLS – Lump SumMATLAB – MATrix LABoratoryMC – Milestone ChartsMCA – Monte Carlo AnalysisMDM – Master Data ManagementMP – Milestone PointMPT – Most Probable TimeMSDE – Microsoft Data EngineMTBF – Mean Time Before FailureMTBF – Mean Time Between FailureOLAP – Online Analytical ProcessingOS – Opportunity Study

432 List of abbreviations

OSI – Open Systems InterconnectionOT – Optimistic TimePAM – Protective Angle MethodPCC – Project Control ChartsPERT – Program Evaluation and Review TechniquePFS – Prefeasibility StudyPIS – Pre-Investment StudiesPLC – Programmable Logic ControllerPM – Project ManagementPMIS – Project Management Information SystemPT – Pesimistic TimeRSM – Rolling Sphere MethodSA – Sensitivity AnalysisSCADA – Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionSD – Scheme DesignSDDS – Specialized Design and Development ServicesSF – Start to FinishSP – Sealing PriceSPI – Schedule Performance IndexSPLCAD – Software Power Line Computer-Aided DesignSQL – Structured Query LanguageSS – Start to StartSS – Support StudySTATCOM – Static Synchronous CompensatorSV – Schedule VarianceTACS – Transient Analysis of Control SystemTGPR – Transient Ground Potential RiseTHD – Total Harmonic DistortionTK – Turn KeyTKC – Turn Key ContractTPP – Thermal Power PlantTS – Transformer StationUCS – User Coordinate SystemUN ECE – United Nations Economic Commission for EuropeUP – Unit PricesUTM – Universal Transverse MercatorVAC – Variance At Completion

List of abbreviations 433

VB – Visual BasicVBA – Visual Basic for ApplicationsVBE – Visual Basic EnvironmentVD – Voltage DividerVFT – Very Fast TransientsVLISP – Visual LISPVRLA – Valve Regulated Lead AcidWCS – World Coordinate System

INDEX OF KEY WORDS

Dielectric constant 29, 46, 89Documentation of the program 70Effective length of a groundinggrid 100Equivalent

circuit 12, 25, 32, 40, 45Graph 31Integration 49, 189, 241Interpolation 49, 94Selection of computerizedmethods 49Classifications of systems 20Configuration 37, 76, 77, 87Integration step 81, 83, 85Local instability 85Model 19, 87Modeling 19, 100Nonlinear grounding gridmodel 41, 103Normal tree 31, 32Optimization 86, 96, 136, 204Parameters of an equivalent

grounding grid 44, 105, 125Program 50, 160, 169Programming language 23, 56, 304Design 57, 78, 98, 369Calculation 135, 160, 167Computer 21, 50, 54Substation 77, 160, 192, 219Series resistance 25, 27, 66Risk of failure 77, 302SF6 switchgear 192, 210

Simulation 19, 21, 37, 86System of differentialequations 30, 66Self-inductance 25, 29, 113Self and mutual parallelconductances 28Soil resistivity 29, 81, 113External inductance 29, 113Power frequency grounding

resistance 28, 46, 48, 113Discharge impulsecurrent 35, 87, 113Program structure 55, 75Structural diagram 21Study 23, 190, 372, 387Software tool 23, 37, 56, 99Testing the program 74, 297Test examples 72Internal inductance 29, 113Grounding grid 25, 214, 264Characteristic values of thefault current 160Short circuit 160, 220, 227MATLAB� 61, 135Simulink� 62, 136SimPowerSystems 63, 136Synchronous machine model 152Asynchronous machine model 153Power transformer model 147Breaker model 146SPLCAD 167Turbine regulator 180

Z. Stojkovic, Computer-Aided Design in Power Engineering,DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-30206-0, � Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012

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Index of key words 435

Arrangement 203, 295, 300Single-pole diagram 313, 317Experimental results 77, 208, 297EMTP/ATP 56, 188, 196ATPDrawTM 60, 191Arc model 199Modeling of GIS components 203Potential of the metalenclosure 194, 207Switching operations

of the disconnector 193Very fast transients 193Transient groundpotential rise 194MS Excel 216, 221MS Access 216, 224Electronic databas 227Macro 238Designing high-voltagesubstations 219Power engineering 321, 334, 369Relational database 227Visual Basic for Applications 218AutoCAD 255AutoLISP 255Visual LISP 255Model of a turbogenerator 255Lightning protection 77, 263Designing lightning

protection for substations 281Designing lightning protection

for overhead lines 293Protected zone 264Lightning conductor 269Early streamer emission

lightning conductor 269Lightning conductor

with circular ring 270Overhead line shielding zone 300

Electrotechnicaldocumentation 312

Electrotechnical graphicsymbols 313EPLAN 334SIMARIS SIVACON 339SIMARIS DESIGN 339Types of electrical diagrams 315Principal (block) diagram 315Multiple-pole diagram 319Wiring diagram 319Connection plan 319Equivalent diagram 320Logical diagram 320Low-voltage switchgear 339Investment project 369Investor 371Resource displays 404, 4133D model 168, 255Analysis of financialrealization 417Algorithm 51, 266, 271, 297Sensitivity analysis 38, 87, 396Analysis 42, 49, 62Project cycle 396Phases of projectmanagement 397Gantt charts 397, 399General contractor 371General design 370Main design 370Principle design 370Contractor design 371MS Project 369As-built design 371Project 369Designer 371Engineering supervisor 371Realization of the project 371

436 Index of key words

Content of main design 377Expert supervisor 375Participants in

realization of the project 371

Project management 369Types of designs 369Types of contracts 388