acute diarrhoeal disease (add)
TRANSCRIPT
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ACUTEDIARRHOE
ALDISEASES
C O M M U N I T Y M E D I C I N E
BY AFIQI FIKRI121303267
G1 . BATCH 31
P A R T I
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DEFINITION BURDEN
OF DISEASEEPIDEMIOLO
GY
M I N I D I S C U S S I O N T O P I C
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WHAT IS DIARRHOEA ?W H O D E F I N I N G A D I S E A S E
The passage of 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day, or more frequently than is normal for the individual.
It is usually a symptom of GI infection, which can be caused by a variety of infection that spread through contaminated food or drinking-water, or from person to person
as a result of poor hygiene.
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WHAT IS DIARRHOEA ?W H O D E F I N I N G A D I S E A S E
The passage of 3 or more loose/liquid stools per day, or more frequently than is normal for the individual.
A C U T EDuration <2
weeks , the main danger is
dehydration,90% attacks are self
l imited (resolved by ORS).
P E R S I S T E N T2-4 weeks.main
danger is malnutrit ion and
serious non intestinal infection.
C H RON I CBegins acutely
and lasts for 14 days or more – a
complex condition with multitude
aetiologies
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WHAT IS NOT DIARRHOEA?
A T H I N L I N E D I F F E R E N T I A T I N G O N E A N O T H E R
● Frequent formed stools ● Pasty stools in breast fed chi ld ● Stools dur ing or after feeding● Pseudodiarrhoea: smal l vo lume of stools f requent ly
( IBS)
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EPIDEMIOLOGYB U R D E N O F D I S E A S E F R O M W A T E R A N D S A N I T A T I O N
● Diarrhoeal d isease is the second leading cause of death in chi ldren under five years old. I t is both preventable and treatable.
● Each year diarrhoea ki l ls around 760 000 chi ldren under five.
● A significant proport ion of d iarrhoeal d isease can be prevented through safe drinking-water and adequate sanitat ion and hygiene.
● Global ly, there are nearly 1.7 bi l l ion cases of d iarrhoeal disease every year.
● Diarrhoea is a leading cause of malnutr i t ion in chi ldren under five years o ld.
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EPIDEMIOLOGYB U R D E N O F D I S E A S E F R O M W A T E R A N D S A N I T A T I O N
● 1.2-1.9 episodes per person annual ly in the general populat ion.
● 2.4 episodes per chi ld < 3 years o ld annual ly.
● 5 episodes per year for chi ldren < 3years o ld and in daycare.
● Seasonal peak in the winter
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MORTALITY CAUSED BYACUTE DIARRHOEALDISEASE
W R I T E H E R E S O M E T H I N G
COURTESY OF WHO - 2011
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MAP OFSOUTH-EASTASIA
B U R D E N O F D I S E A S E
Water, sanitation and hygiene attributable burden of disease
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I. WHO SITE
II.WHO JOURNAL 2005/2012 ISSUES
III.MALAYSIAN PAEDIATRICS PROTOCOL 3RD ED.
IV. www.who.int
V. GOOGLE IMAGES
R E F E R E N C ES
THANK YOU
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ASSESSMANAGEPREVENT
T o t h e n e x t p r e s e n t a t i o n
Diarrhoeal disease is a leading cause of child mortality and
morbidity in the world, and mostly results from contaminated food
and water sourcesP A R T I I