acupuncture therapy
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Acupuncture Therapy. Dallas Dooley Susan Swords. What is acupuncture?. Traditional Chinese Medicine Insertion of needles into the skin at numerous different sites of the body Established over 5,000 years ago - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
ACUPUNCTURE THERAPY
Dallas DooleySusan Swords
WHAT IS ACUPUNCTURE? Traditional Chinese Medicine
Insertion of needles into the skin at numerous different sites of the body
Established over 5,000 years ago
Used to treat a number of different illness including pain, nausea, stress, depression, anxiety….
TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE A form of medicine that originated several
thousands of years ago Focused around herbal treatments,
acupuncture, moxibustion, dietary therapy, and qi exercise
Based on a concept of Qi A force field of energy within the body The energy and center piece of all elements of
the universe Qi is expressed through channels or
gateways throughout the body called meridians
TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE Concept of Yin and Yang
The basis for all things in nature and the universe
All living things are in search for the balance of Yin/Yang
Yin means shady or coolYang means sunny or hotThe balance of Yin/Yang represents a
healthy state of physical health and mental health
TRADITION CHINESE MEDICINEConcept of 5 Elements Fire (Heart, Small Intestine) Earth (Stomach, Spleen) Metal (Lung) Water (Bladder, Kidneys) Wood (Liver)
The elements not only represent these organs they also represent direction, seasons, emotions, colors, taste and climatic sensations
CONCEPT OF 5 ELEMENTSEach of these element feeds off of each other and contributes a vital part to the TCM
It takes cohesion of all these elements to have a healthy and balanced body
FIVE ELEMENTS OF LIFE
CONCEPT BEHIND ACUPUNCTURE
Chinese healers thousands of years ago felt that the human body contained gateways or channels throughout the body called meridians.
It was believed that the obstruction or injury of these channels is what caused pain and illness.
Chinese healers determined that inserting very small and fine needles into different points on the body would opens these channels up and release the obstruction of qi or energy that was being contained.
HOW ACUPUNCTURE WORKS
Insertion of needles into the skin at predetermined areas of the body
Depending on the illness that is being treated, the needles may be placed millimeters under the skin or several centimeters under the skin
There are 14 main channels or meridians throughout the body with over 365 acupuncture points feeding those channels
ACUPUNCTURE POINTS
REVIEW OF LITERATURE A total of six studies were reviewed Each study was unique to the study of
acupuncture Focused on use of acupuncture for chronic
pain. But also studied the effectiveness for pregnancy induced pain
Obtain information on the safety and effectiveness of acupuncture
Also studied if the needle insertion depth made a difference to the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture
TRIGGER POINTS AND ACUPUNCTURE POINTS FOR PAIN: CORRELATION AND IMPLICATIONS Identified trigger points as hyperirritable
spots in skeletal muscle that are associated with palpable nodules in taut bands of muscle fibers
AKA “knots in your muscle” Study set out to determine if trigger point
pain was located in the same regions of the body as acupuncture points.
75% of trigger point pain was also located in an acupuncture needles site
Therefore nearly 75% of trigger point pain (muscles knots) could be relieved by acupuncture
ADVERSE EVENTS FOLLOWING ACUPUNCTURE: PROSPECTIVE SURVEY OF 32000 CONSULTATIONS WITH DOCTORS AND PHYSIOTHERAPISTS
Study set out to determine the safety of acupuncture
Authors recruited several acupuncture therapist to collect data and report the number of adverse effects that occurred with acupuncture therapy
Study was conducted using 32,000 consultation with several acupuncture therapist
Study reveled that adverse effects occurred with 671 in 10,000 studies
The most common adverse effects were bleeding at the needles site or aggravation of associated symptoms
A REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS, SAFETY, AND COST OF ACUPUNCTURE, MASSAGE THERAPY, AND SPINAL MANIPULATION FOR BACK PAIN This study set out to determine which form of
“alternative” medicine was the most effective
The determined that massage therapy, spinal manipulation and acupuncture were all considered alternative forms of medicine
Study reveled that massage therapy was more effected in the treatment of chronic lower back pain, and that of acupuncture.
Although showed that acupuncture produced quicker relief of symptoms than that of placebo
Showed that besides massage therapy, acupuncture was the safest practice.
INTRAMUSCULAR AND PERIOSTEAL ACUPUNCTURE IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN
Study that focused on the effectiveness of treating chronic musculoskeletal pain using intramuscular (IMA) versus periosteal acupuncture (PA)
Authors hypothesized that PA would have better pain relief than IMA
After 6 months of treatment, 46% of the IMA group and 45% in the PA group obtained clinically relevant pain relief & there was a significant decline in analgesic use
Found no difference in pain relief between the IMA and PA groups
Study showed that both forms of acupuncture treatments had more of a significant pain relief 6 months after treatment than the control group
ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH LOW BACK AND PELVIC PAIN-AN INTERVENTION STUDY
Study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of acupuncture in pregnant women versus the most common treatment being the sacro-ileac belt
Two groups were evaluated, one receiving treatment at 20 weeks gestation and the other at 26 weeks gestation
The 26 wk gestation group had greater pain relief than the 20 wk gestation group Both groups had significant pain relief throughout
their treatments A weakness to this study was that there were
only 32 women who completed the study & no control group
SAFE NEEDLING DEPTH OF ACUPUNCTURE POINTS
The study focused on the proper needling depths and consequences of needling too deep
Most practitioners insert the needle 75-80% of the needle length based on their experience while textbooks suggest needling at a few millimeters to several centimeters
Needling depth also varied according to the patient’s age, BMI, body weight & length, and gender
Limitations to this study included that most of the research was performed on dissected cadavers
Researchers found there were no universal guidelines exist in how deep needles should be inserted Consequences include: pneumothorax and
organ injury
ACUPUNCTURE AND ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSES Acupuncture can be used to treat a variety of
ailments APNs should give their patients options in
their treatment when patients have chronic pain or chronic nausea and vomiting
Covered by some insurances and less expensive that modern medicine
Acupuncture has been used for thousands of years and has been successful
Alternative to narcotic pain medications, frequent radiological studies and surgeries
REVIEW OF LITERATURE REFERENCES Cherkin, D.C., Sherman, K.J., Deyo, R.A., Shekelle, P.G. (2003). A review of the
evidence for the effectiveness, safety, and cost of acupuncture, massage therapy, and spinal manipulation for back pain. American College of Physicians, 138(11), 898-907.
Chou, P.C., Chu, H.Y., & Lin, J.G. (2011). Safe needling depth of acupuncture points. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17(3), 199-206.
Ekdahl, L., & Petersson, K. (2010). Acupuncture treatment of pregnant women with low back and pelvic pain-an intervention study. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 24, 175-182.
Hansson, Y., Carlsson, C., & Olsson, E. (2008). Intramuscular and periosteal acupuncture in patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain. Acupuncture in Medicine, 26(4), 214-223.
Melzack, R, Stillwell, D.M., & Fox, E.J. (1977). Trigger points and acupuncture points for pain: correlation and implications. Pain, 2(23), 3-23.
White, A, Hayhoe, S, Hart, A, & Ernst, E. (2001). Adverse events following acupuncture: prospective survey of 32,000 consultations with doctors and physiotherapist. British Medical Journal, 323, 485-86