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ACTION PLAN – First endorsed 2 March 2016 (updated 22 August 2016)

1 Creating the best future for our children

Action Plan

Children are our future. Investing in the first eight years of a child’s life will improve their health and education prospects and lead to improved social, human and economic outcomes for our community. This is especially true for children from vulnerable families

(Source: MAV Municipal Early Years Planning Framework and Practical Resource Guide May 2011).

Welcome to the City of Greater Bendigo’s (the City) Municipal Early Years Plan – Action Plan for 2015 - 2018.

The City’s Municipal Early Years Plan has been developed with a focus on the needs of children aged from birth to eight years of age including their families, carers and agencies that serve them.

Our Early Years Vision:

All children aged from birth to eight years and their families are part of an active, healthy and safe child friendly community that promotes and provides real opportunities for learning and development.

The Action Plan is a key element set over a four year period in preparing the Municipal Early Years Plan along with an evidence base that comprises:

1. Greater Bendigo Demographic Profile for Early Years, 2. A Review of Plans and Policies, 3. Community Engagement and Consultation Report; 4. The Review of Early Childhood Services

The Action Plan presents Objectives relating to each Theme and Actions that will be undertaken to meet each Objective, not only by the City but also with families and children and a range of agencies working with children throughout the municipality.

The evidence base that emerged from these four reports was analysed and used to identify Actions, priorities, emerging issues, trends and opportunities based on the six Key Themes; these being:

Theme 1: Safety of Children. Theme 2: Environment and Facilities for Children. Theme 3: Active and Healthy Children.

Greater Bendigo Municipal Early Years Plan 2015 - 2018 2

Theme 4: Education and Care for Children. Theme 5: Whole of Community Partnerships benefitting Children. Theme 6: A Child Friendly City and Community.

Each of the Themes has led to the development of Objectives and Actions to enable the Greater Bendigo community to create the best future for our children. These Themes were validated by Key Stakeholder Information Group Forums and the City’s internal Project Control Group as priorities in the community.

The Action Plan also discusses:

• The lead agency for the Action – who will take responsibility to ensure the Action is undertaken and seeking to include children and families where possible.

• The partners involved in the Action – who are the other agencies the lead agency will work with to undertake the Action. • Any relevant strategies associated with the Action – the strategies, plans or policies related to the particular Action. • What success will look like – when the Action is undertaken what will the outcome look like. • Which year the Action relates too – is the Action across the whole life of the Plan or just certain years.

Agencies had a range of opportunities to contribute to the Action Plan including Key Stakeholder Forums, Agency Surveys and individual face to face meetings. The Action Plan aims to be a reflection of the existing strategies, programs, partnerships and research occurring throughout the City for children birth to eight years and the specific work the City, agencies and families and children wish to undertake in the coming four years.

The City recognises that the Early Years are crucial for children’s healthy growth, wellbeing and development throughout life. Accordingly, the Municipal Early Years Plan aims to enhance the health and wellbeing of children and families by providing a framework to prioritise needs, plan for the future, facilitate partnerships and allocate resources as well as recognising the important work community agencies, Early Years Services and partnerships with the City undertake.

The Action Plan and all associated background reports are available at: www.bendigo.vic.gov.au/meyp.

NB: Please note that ‘Early Years Providers’ refers to early learning centres / childcare centres (private, Council owned or not-for-profit), kindergarten (in an early learning centre or as a standalone program), school or a range of other children’s and family services.


THEME 1. SAFETY OF CHILDREN – ACTION PLAN

Purpose: To develop a safe community for children a nd their families

Objectives Actions Lead Organisation (responsible for

delivery of action)

Partners Relevant Strategies

What success looks like

Year

1.1. To support organisations, programs and initiatives that promote children’s safety in the community.

1.1.1 Seek to have a person / organisation representing the needs of children appointed to the Greater Bendigo Safe Communities Forum.

Communities for Children

• Victoria Police • Liquor Licensing

Commission • Bendigo

Community Health • Youth Support and

Advocacy Service (YSAS)

• St Luke’s • Department of

Justice and Regulation

• Positive Ageing Group

• City of Greater Bendigo

• Bendigo Health

• Greater Bendigo Community Safety Strategy

The needs of children are represented on the Safe Communities Forum.

1





delivery of action)



Year

1.1. To support organisations, programs and initiatives that promote children’s safety in the community. (Continued)

1.1.2 Organise and participate in events that promote safety for children and their families in the community e.g. White Ribbon Day.

City of Greater Bendigo

• As above • Families and

children


A range of events that promote safety are held within the City of Greater Bendigo.

1-4

1.1.3 Develop a Family Violence Prevention Action Plan for the Greater Bendigo community.

Loddon-Campaspe Centre for Non Violence

• Communities for Children

• Early Years Coordination Group

• CASA Families and children


• City of Greater Bendigo Violence Prevention Plan 2012


A Family Violence Action plan is developed and implemented. Early Years Services and programs address family violence through awareness raising, staff training and family support. Greater linkages and collaboration between the Early Years Sector and family violence support agencies.

1





delivery of action)



Year


1.1.4 Develop and disseminate resources on Family Violence for the Early Years.



• Early Years Providers


• Bendigo health • CASA



Suitable resources have been developed and distributed. There is greater awareness by service providers of family violence issues and how to respond to such issues.

2

1.1.5 Support the development and delivery of the Common Risk Assessment Framework Family Violence Training in the Early Years Sector.




• Bendigo Health • CASA



The Common Risk Assessment Framework has been developed and delivered. There is greater awareness by service providers of family violence issues and how to respond to such issues.

2





delivery of action)



Year


1.1.6 Support Child focussed organisations and services to become “child safe”. Training provided by a Child Wise qualified trainer, in organisational child safety.

Bendigo Community Health Services

• Children Youth and Families Act 2005

• Victoria’s Vulnerable Children

• Victorian Public Health and Wellbeing Plan

Training is provided to relevant child focused services. There is a greater understanding of the behavioural indicators of child abuse and trauma, perpetrator behaviour and reporting.

2-3

1.2. To develop safe environments for children and their families.

1.2.1 Promote and enforce legislation in regards to smoking in play spaces and other public spaces.


• Victoria Police • State Government

• Tobacco Act 1987

Children’s play areas and public spaces are smoke-free.

1-4

1.2.2 Ensure smoke free health care for children at Bendigo Health.

Bendigo Health • Families and children

• Tobacco Act 1987

Children protected from exposure to 1st, 2nd and 3rd hand smoke while an inpatient in Bendigo Health’s Women’s and Children’s Services.

2-4


THEME 2. ENVIRONMENT AND FACILITIES FOR CHILDREN - ACTION PLAN

Purpose: To plan for and develop quality and access ible child friendly spaces and supportive infrastru cture

Objectives Actions Lead Organisation

Partners Relevant Strategies What Success Looks Like

Year

2.1. To support and develop additional Early Years infrastructure and child friendly environments.

2.1.1 Plan and construct a new Early Learning Centre as part of a larger Community Hub upgrade to Club Court, Strathfieldsaye.


• Department of Education and Training

• Community Reference Group

• Project Control Group

• Strathfieldsaye Early Learning Centre Feasibility Studies 2009 and 2010

• Strathfieldsaye Structure Plan 2011

• Council Plan 2013 - 2017

Additional Early Years Services in Strathfieldsaye. Construct a new 88 place Early Learning Centre, Maternal and Child Health and meeting area at Club Court. Proposed completion June 2017.

1-4

2.1.2 Develop an Early Years Infrastructure Plan to assist with the City’s enhanced role in long term strategic planning and capital works.


• Loddon Mallee Preschool Association (LMPA)

• YMCA Ballarat • Bendigo Preschool • Municipal

Association of Victoria (MAV)

• Private developers

• Preschool Licence Agreements

• Review of Early • Childhood

Services • Council Plan

2013 – 2017 • Newly developing

residential areas and Structure Plans

Council’s long term planning role in regards to infrastructure and facilities is based on population growth. An Infrastructure Plan has been developed to feed into long term strategic planning and Capital works programs.

1-4






Year

2.1. To support and develop additional Early Years infrastructure and child friendly environments. (Continued)

2.1.3 Assess the feasibility of developing a purpose-built building to service the needs of Aboriginal families in relation to health, wellbeing and Early Years Services and programs.

Bendigo & District Aboriginal Co-Operative (BDAC)




• Department of Health and Human Services

To be confirmed A new facility focussing on health, wellbeing and Early Years Services has been constructed and is well utilised by Aboriginal families.

3 - 4

2.1.4 Enhance and promote locations suitable for breastfeeding in public spaces by improving existing City facilities and by developing partnerships with businesses such as shopping centres, restaurants / cafes and family entertainment venues.


• Australian Breastfeeding Association

• Business operators • Goldfields Library • Health Services • Community Groups

and agencies • Early Childhood

Services

To be confirmed Suitable locations for breastfeeding are available in key locations throughout the City and information about breastfeeding locations is readily available.

1-4






Year


2.1.5 Encourage the development of additional Long Day Care places in the municipality and investigate issues for families using the 13 weeks of free child care from Department of Health and Human Services.



• Private developers • Businesses • Community groups

and agencies

• Planning Scheme • Structure Plans • Council Plan

2013 - 2017 • City of Greater

Bendigo Early Years Infrastructure Plan (when developed)

Additional Long Day Care and Preschool places are available in the community and ensuring these places match the population growth areas. Identify responses when applications for 13 week subsidy extensions are rejected or delayed.

1-4

2.1.6 Incorporate community feedback in relation to Maternal and Child Health services and facilities on an identified needs basis.



• Community agencies


• Families and children

• Maternal and Child Health Program Standards (2009)

Maternal and Child Health services and facilities are accessible and well distributed across the municipality.

1-4

2.1.7 Advocate for the development of service standards to ensure that Early Years facilities are



• Department of Education and

• Australian Standards

• Australian Building Code

Developers ensure facilities are safe and ‘child friendly’.

1-4






Year


planned and maintained to maximise safety and to provide a ‘child friendly’ environment.

Training • Private developers

Facilities in Greater Bendigo for families and children meet Australian Standards and Building Code requirements.

2.1.8 Consider the needs of small townships regarding service requirements and provide support e.g. supporting feasibility studies and sharing information.


• Community Groups and Agencies



• Council Plan 2013-2017

• City of Greater Bendigo Rural Areas Strategy 2009

• Forthcoming Rural Communities Strategy

• Small Town Plans

Liaison with small townships over service needs, including Heathcote.

1-4

2.1.9 Provide, upgrade and maintain facilities to be used by not for profit and community preschool providers.



• Ballarat YMCA • Bendigo Preschool • Department of

Education and Training


• Preschool Licence Agreements

The City provides, upgrades and maintains 17 preschool facilities for use by the two preschool cluster managers and standalone Bendigo Preschool.

1-4






Year


2.1.10 Provide data and information to businesses, schools and community agencies regarding the priority needs and requirements for the planning and development of new early learning centres/kindergartens in Greater Bendigo


• Childcare Agencies • Businesses • Community Groups • Primary schools • Department of



• Department of Education and Training - The Education State

Provision of advice concerning priority planning and infrastructure needs of childcare, kindergarten and other related services. Applying for major infrastructure grants. Endorsing applications and agencies for major infrastructure grants.

1-4

2.1.11 Build a new purpose built facility for children and families to access low/no cost health and wellbeing services and programs


• Families • Core Work New building is built at Kangaroo Flat in 2016 and services which support the health and wellbeing of children are accessible and utilised by the community.

2

2.2. To provide child friendly environments to encourage community interactions and children’s

2.2.1 Develop play space fencing guidelines to ensure that these spaces are accessible for children of all abilities.


• Community groups and agencies

• Play Australia

• City of Greater Bendigo -

o Play Strategy 2009

o Public Health and Wellbeing Plan

A number of strategically located play spaces with secure fencing which are accessed by children of all abilities.

1-4






Year

development.

2013 o Open Space

Strategy 2005

2.2. To provide child friendly environments to encourage community interactions and children’s development. (Continued)

2.2.2 Develop an Early Years checklist (incorporating Child Friendly Cities principles, Healthy By Design guidelines and Universal Design principles) to be applied to the planning of public spaces, open spaces, play spaces, commercial spaces (where relevant) and transport to ensure these spaces are suitable for children and their families.


• Private developers • Early Years

Providers • Community

Agencies • Businesses


• Greater Bendigo Planning Scheme

• Structure Plans • Greater Bendigo

Community Plans • City of Greater

Bendigo – o Play Strategy

2009 o Forthcoming

Public Space Plan

o Walking and Cycling Strategy 2005

o Integrated Transport and Land Use Strategy

o Public Health and Wellbeing Plan 2013

Identified child friendly spaces exist throughout the municipality. A checklist is developed and used when planning public spaces, open spaces, play spaces, commercial spaces and transport throughout the City.

1-4






Year


2.2.3 Develop and implement guidelines to ensure that all new residential areas have safe and adequate walking and cycling networks connected to key community spaces such as schools and Early Learning Centres.


• Property developers

• VicRoads


• City of Greater Bendigo –

o 2036 Community Plan

o Community Safety Strategy



o Play Strategy 2009

o Forthcoming Public Space Plan


New residential areas are well connected to local infrastructure and cycling / walking networks.

1-4






Year


2.2.4 Progressively upgrade cycling and walking networks in existing residential areas so that the majority of homes are connected to key community spaces such as schools and Early Learning Centres by footpaths, off-road shared trails or on marked roads.



• City of Greater Bendigo –

o 2036 Community Plan

o Community Safety Strategy



o Forthcoming Public Space Plan


Existing residential areas are well connected to local infrastructure and cycling / walking networks.

1-4

2.2.5 Develop shade in Public Space Guidelines.


• Public Health and Wellbeing Plan 2013

• Forthcoming Public Space Plan

Adequate shade exists in public spaces and sites can be identified.

1-4






Year


2.2.6 Undertake a review of transport opportunities for families within the City of Greater Bendigo and implement recommendations of review.


• Department of Transport, Planning and Local Infrastructure

• Private bus companies

• Private taxi companies.


• Integrated Transport and Land Use Strategy

Accessible, affordable and safe transport services, stops and terminals exist. Provide frequent, high quality bus networks across the municipality. Strengthen regional public transport connections. 85% of people living within a 10 minute walk of a bus stop.

2

2.2.7 Provide a space (kidz space) for community to be welcomed to and participate in community programs informed by community needs.


• Communities for Children partners

• Core Work Services and programs delivered by a range of child focused organisations are utilising kidz space in Kangaroo Flat.

2


THEME 3. ACTIVE AND HEALTHY CHILDREN – ACTION PLAN

Purpose: To improve the health and wellbeing of chi ldren



What Success Looks Like

Year

3.1. To provide opportunities for all children to participate in physical activities.

3.1.1 Work in partnership with sport and recreation clubs and organisations to ensure that costs for children’s activities, equipment and uniforms are kept to a minimum.


• Sports Clubs • Recreation

organisations • Families

• City of Greater Bendigo Active Living Census

• City of Greater Bendigo Community Grants Program

Costs are kept to a minimum so that as many children as possible can participate in sport and recreation activities in Greater Bendigo.

1-4

3.2. To improve overall health outcomes for children.

3.2.1 Promote the uptake of and progression through the Healthy Together Achievement Program for Early Childhood Services.






To be confirmed Early Years Providers have a strong focus on health and wellbeing in their daily operations.

1-4

3.2.2 Promote the uptake of and progression through the Healthy Together Achievement Program for Primary Schools.



• Primary Schools • Department of


To be confirmed Data available on community health and wellbeing incorporates information about children’s health and wellbeing.

1-4







Year

3.2. To improve overall health outcomes for children. (Continued)

3.2.3 All health and wellbeing data collected by City of Greater Bendigo to incorporate information on children where appropriate.



Data available on community health and wellbeing incorporates information about children’s (aged 0-8) health and wellbeing.

1-4

3.2.4 Improve the oral health of preschool aged children and their families through the promotion and support of healthy eating and oral health.

Bendigo Health (Smiles 4 Miles provider)

• City of Greater Bendigo Maternal and Child Health services


• Dental Health Services Victoria


• Bendigo Health Community Dental Services

• La Trobe University • Loddon Mallee

Preschool Association

• Action Plan for Oral Health Promotion 2013-2017

• Local Government Action Guide 2013

Increase in the number of early childhood services who are awarded under the Smiles 4 Miles program.

1-4







Year


3.2.5 Increase the percentage of school children who regularly travel to school by an active transport mode to 80% by 2020.


• Primary Schools • Department of



• City of Greater Bendigo Integrated Transport and Land Use Strategy

• City of Greater Bendigo Active Travel Guide


More children use active transportation to travel to and from school. Provide the Active Travel Guide to all Greater Bendigo Primary Schools.

1-4

3.2.6 Promote healthy eating through a range of services, programs, guidelines and events.


• Community agencies




• Maternal and Child Health Program Standards 2009

• Public Health and Wellbeing Plan 2013

Information about the importance of healthy eating is widely available throughout the City.

1-4

3.2.7 Provision of placed based health and wellbeing services for children and their families assisting



• Core Work Bendigo Community Health Services and partners are providing children’s health and

2







Year


children to be school ready. wellbeing services from community based settings and linking back to relevant specialist services as required.

3.2.8 Provide accessible and inclusive specialist health and wellbeing services to vulnerable or disadvantaged children / families.



• Core Work Families are accessing specialist services (paediatrician, allied health, counselling, family support, supported playgroups etc. for their children.

2

3.3. To increase participation in Maternal and Child Health Services especially for Aboriginal children and families.

3.3.1 Continue to provide outreach services to Aboriginal families and encourage participation in the Maternal and Child Health service.


• Bendigo & District Aboriginal Co-operative



• Core Work More Aboriginal children and their families access Maternal and Child Health Services.

1-4

3.4. To maintain immunisation rates above the Victorian state average.

3.4.1 Continue to promote the importance of immunisations to families.



• Health services • Families & children

• Guidelines for immunisation practice in local governments

Information about the importance of immunisation is widely available throughout the City.

1-4







Year

3.4. To maintain immunisation rates above the Victorian state average. (Continued)

3.4.2 Continue to review immunisation venues for suitability and easy and safe access.



• Health services

• Guidelines for immunisation practice in local governments

Immunisation venues are safe and accessible for all children and their families.

1-4

3.4.3 Promote opportunistic immunisations at Bendigo Health for children presenting for other medical treatment.

Bendigo Health • Families and children

Core Work A greater percentage of children across the City are immunised.

1-4

3.5. To maintain breastfeeding rates above the Victorian state average.

3.5.1 Continue to support and promote the benefits of breastfeeding through the Maternal and Child Health Program, hospitals, social media, Council website, brochures, etc.


• Bendigo Health • Bendigo

Community Health • Australian

Breastfeeding Association

• St John of God Hospital

• Maternal and Child Health Program Standards (2009)

Breastfeeding rates in the City remain above the state average; support for breastfeeding is readily available; and information about the benefits of breastfeeding is easily accessible.

1-4

3.5.2 Establish a breastfeeding clinic at St John of God Hospital.

St John of God Hospital

• Families To be confirmed Breast feeding clinic established.

1


THEME 4. EDUCATION AND CARE FOR CHILDREN – ACTION PLAN

Purpose: To ensure children have access to the best possible education and care.




Year

4.1. To provide families with clear and understandable information about programs, services and children’s development.

4.1.1 Develop an Early Years Guide in a range of relevant community languages to provide families with information about Early Years programs, services and facilities.


• Families • Community groups

and agencies • Private Early Years

Providers • City of Greater

Bendigo

• Core Work An Early Years guide is developed and distributed to families throughout the municipality, including culturally diverse communities.

1

4.1.2 Review the information pack provided to new and expectant parents.



• Private Early Years Providers


• Bendigo Health

• Core Work The information pack is reviewed and modified as required to meet the needs of new and expectant parents.

1

4.1.3 Maintain Beyond the Bump program at St John of God Hospital to provide new parents with information about the Early Years.


• Families • Core Work Beyond the Bump program continues to operate and is well patronised by new parents.

1-4

4.1.4 Establish a Maternity Consumer Group to evaluate pregnancy and


• Families • Core Work Feedback from new parents is used to inform services and programs

1-4







Year

birthing experiences of new parents.

related to pregnancy and birthing.

4.2 To ensure that Early Learning Services and programs are affordable, accessible and inclusive.

4.2.1 Review fee structures of City of Greater Bendigo Early Learning Centres to ensure that they are affordable for local families.



• Core Work City of Greater Bendigo Early Learning Services and programs are affordable for families.

1-4

4.2.2 Undertake an audit of all City owned Early Learning Centres to identify any areas that are not accessible and rectify accordingly.



• Core Work Early Learning Centres are accessible for children and families of all abilities.

2

4.2.3 Undertake an audit of Early Years Services and staff to ensure that inclusive practices have been adopted and implemented in Early Years Services and programs.



City of Greater Bendigo: • Cultural

Diversity and Inclusion Plan

• Community Access and Inclusion Plan

• Reconciliation Action Plan

Early Years Services and programs are inclusive of children and families regardless of gender, ethnicity, culture, religion or ability.

2







Year

4.2 To ensure that Early Learning Services and programs are affordable, accessible and inclusive. (Continued)

4.2.4 Provide integrated services for families, particularly vulnerable and disadvantaged families, to improve child health and wellbeing and development, safety and family functioning through the Community For Children’s projects.



• Department of Social Services

• Family Support Services

• Community Agencies

• Government Agencies

• Bendigo Health • City of Greater

Bendigo

• Communities for Children Action Plan 2015 – 2017

Enhanced and integrated Early Years Services, particularly for vulnerable and disadvantaged families.

1-4

4.2.5 Assess the feasibility and level of support for a Grandparent’s Playgroup in Greater Bendigo.



• Playgroup Victoria • Families and

Children

• Core Work

A grandparent’s playgroup is operational in the City.

2-3

4.2.6 To maintain and enhance the Off To An Early Start (OTAES) program throughout Greater Bendigo by enabling children to access



• Playgroups • Early Years

Providers


Parents gain skills and understanding regarding their child’s development. Families feel more confident to navigate







Year


Playgroup and Kindergarten through supporting families and educating families on the need and importance of early years learning.

Playgroup, kindergarten and Primary School networks. Family routines embedded that enable children to participate in early learning Families aware of how to access services

4.2.7 Investigate and encourage the development of additional Bush Kinder programs.


• Kindergarten Clusters


• St Luke’s Pre-school Field Officer



• Core Work Additional bush kinder programs offered throughout the City.

2-4

4.2.8 Advocate for improved Early Years policies and funding at a State and Federal


• Kindergarten Clusters


• Core Work The needs of children, families and Early Years Providers are expressed at State and Federal

1-4







Year


Government level, including flexible childcare options.



Government level as appropriate.

4.2.9 Work with kindergartens to determine processes and infrastructure needed to address the changed ratio of staff to children from 1:15 to 1:11 in 2016.



• YMCA Ballarat • Bendigo Preschool • Early Years

Providers

• Core Work Kindergarten infrastructure and operations are equipped to deal with changed supervision ratio.

1-2

4.2.10 Undertake discussions with kindergartens and Early Years providers to develop a strategy to adapt to a potential cut in Federal government funding to four year old kindergarten programs.



• YMCA Ballarat • Bendigo Preschool • Early Years

Providers • St Luke’s Pre -

school Field Officer

• Core Work Strategy is in place to deal with a potential cut in Federal Government funding to the four year old kindergarten program.

1-3

4.2.11 Work with supported playgroup providers to




Liaison and information sharing to identify

1-4







Year

assess the types of support the City can provide, such as relevant transport information and working with new groups regarding accessible locations.

• Bendigo Community Health Services

• Baptcare

Action Plan 2015-2017

priority outcomes.

4.3 To provide professional development opportunities for service providers and educational opportunities for parents. (Continued)

4.3.1 Develop guidelines and a self-reflection tool for Early Years Providers to assist staff to better understand and work with Aboriginal children and their families.


• Bendigo & District Aboriginal Cooperative



• Communities for Children Action Plan 2015 - 2017

Early Years Services are inclusive of Aboriginal children and their families, and Aboriginal children and their families are utilising Early Years Services.

1

4.3.2 Continue to promote online tools to the Early Years Sector in the areas of: • Identifying and

responding to vulnerable children and families and referral pathways

• Understanding and

St Luke’s Anglicare Department of Health and Human Services


• Health Services • Bendigo Health

• St Luke’s Anglicare Early Childhood Development Program Plan

• Draft Health Care that Counts 2015

Increased awareness of referral pathways in Early Years Sector. Increased awareness of identifying, responding to and supporting vulnerable families. Increased understanding of child

1-4







Year

responding to child abuse and making reports to child protection.

abuse and mandatory reporting in Early Years Sector.


4.3.3 Continue to promote Early Years training material to Early Years Providers via the Child FIRST website and email networks.

St Luke’s Anglicare

• Local family service agencies


Increased awareness and understanding of childhood development amongst Early Years Providers.

1-4

4.3.4 Create a child development planning tool to help increase the knowledge of Early Years Providers in regards to early childhood development stages and issues.


• Local family service agencies


Increased planning around responding to children’s developmental needs including evidence of child developmental plans in client files where relevant.

1

4.3.5 Provide workshops for Early Years Providers to enhance skill levels and the quality of programs and



• Department of Education and

• Core Work Workshops held annually to enhance the skill level of practitioners, based on

1-4







Year

services. Training • Bendigo

Community Health Services

identified training priorities.


4.3.6 Provide parental education and support opportunities for families in relation to Early Years, including pre-natal education.

Bendigo Community Health

• City of Greater Bendigo Bendigo Health

• Families

• Core Work Parental education and support opportunities provided.

1-4

4.3.7 Continue to provide the Koori Faces Parenting Program and other support groups for Aboriginal families.

Bendigo & District Aboriginal Co-Operative

• Families • Core Work Aboriginal families are engaged in various parenting and support programs offered by Bendigo and District Aboriginal Co-Operative.

1-4

4.3.8 Operate an Autism Group to work with Aboriginal families and children.

Bendigo & District Aboriginal Co-Operative

• Families • Amicus

• Core Work Autism Group established for the Aboriginal community

1-4







Year


4.3.9 Develop a package based on farm and agriculture education for Early Learning providers and schools.



• Schools • Country Fire

Authority (CFA) • Victorian Farmers

Federation • Greater Bendigo

Farmer’s Advisory Community Foundation


• Department of Environment Land Water Planning

• City of Greater Bendigo Rural Areas Strategy 2009

• Forthcoming Greater Bendigo Rural Communities Strategy

A farm and agriculture package has been developed and distributed to Early Learning providers and schools.

1

4.3.10 Provide support and educational opportunities to Early Years providers around the impact and link between family psychosocial disruption (including violence) and psychological and mental health issues in children.

Bendigo Health – Child Adolescent Mental Health Service



• Schools • Department of

Health and Human Services

• Bi annual Infant Mental Health Forums

• Development of secondary consultation framework to Maternal & Child Health

A greater awareness by early years workers of the link between family psychosocial disruption and psychological and mental health issues in children. Strategies implemented

1-4







Year

Providers include: • Maternal and Child

Health Nurses • Primary Schools • Private practitioners • Child Protection

Services and Primary schools

to reduce the impact of family psychosocial disruption on children's psychological and mental health.

4.4 To implement Council’s changed role in response to the outcomes of the Early Childhood Services Review.

4.4.1 Continue strategic planning for Early Years Services throughout the City.



• Kindergarten clusters

• State government • Community

agencies • Communities for

Children

• Review of Early Childhood Services 2013

Early Childhood Services Review implemented. • Governance and

service co-ordination to support improved quality, access and better integration of early childhood services

• Improved information and referral processes for families to access early childhood services

• Innovative models across the municipality for delivering early childhood services.

1-4







Year

4.4 To implement Council’s changed role in response to the outcomes of the Early Childhood Services Review. (Continued)

4.4.2 City of Greater Bendigo to coordinate the central enrolment system for kindergartens and Long Day Care in Greater Bendigo. The current system has been coordinated by the Loddon Mallee Preschool Association since 2004.


• Loddon Mallee Preschool Association

• Kindergarten clusters



• Municipal Association of Victoria (Central Enrolment Grants Program)

• Review of Early Childhood Services 2013

Liaise with LMPA to transition the system to City of Greater Bendigo ready for enrolments in 2016. Apply to Municipal Association of Victoria for Central Enrolment Project grants to support transitioning arrangements. A new central enrolment system has been implemented in 2016.

1-2

4.5 To ensure systemic improvement for vulnerable and at risk children.

4.5.1 Increase the number of supported playgroups in the City and maintain existing supported playgroups.



• Baptcare • City of Greater

Bendigo • Families and

children


Additional supported playgroups are available and are accessed by vulnerable families.

1-4







Year

4.5 To ensure systemic improvement for vulnerable and at risk children. (Continued)

4.5.2 Develop and implement a package to train people as supported playgroup leaders.





Additional supported playgroup leaders are trained and leading supported playgroups.

1

4.5.3 Develop resources to assist agencies to refer families to supported playgroups.



• Family Service Agencies



Resources to assist referrals have been developed for supported playgroups. Additional vulnerable families are accessing supported playgroups.

1-4

4.5.4 Continue to provide a playgroup for Aboriginal children.

Bendigo & District Aboriginal Co-operative

• Families and Children


• Core Work The Aboriginal playgroup continues to provide quality, supported early learning opportunities for children and their families.

1-4

4.5.5 Establish an Early Years Unit to work with Aboriginal families and children.


To be confirmed To be confirmed Early Years Unit has been established and is well utilised by local Aboriginal families.

1







Year

4.6 To increase literacy and numeracy skills of children and their families.

4.6.1 Appoint a Children’s Language and Literacy worker in Greater Bendigo to help develop language and literacy skills of children and their families.



• Bendigo Health


Children’s language and literacy worker is appointed and working with vulnerable families.

1

4.6.2 Develop, endorse and implement the Children’s Language and Literacy Plan.



• Goldfield Libraries • Bendigo Health

Families & Children


The Children’s Language and Literacy Plan has been developed, endorsed and implemented.

1-2

4.6.3 Develop Imagination Library to provide one book per month for every child in Bendigo for their first five years.


• Bendigo Business Council

• Bendigo Rotary • Bendigo Health


Every child in Bendigo receives one book per month for the first five years of their life.

2

4.6.4 Encourage organisations and businesses to establish a children’s book area in their reception areas / foyers / waiting rooms.



• Bendigo Health • Businesses • Bendigo

Community Health Services

• Core Work Organisations and businesses throughout Greater Bendigo develop a children’s book area.

1-4







Year

4.6 To increase literacy and numeracy skills of children and their families. (Continued)

4.6.5 Continue to provide ‘Story Time in the Park’ in Bright Street Eaglehawk. Engage parents and children in books, stories and general social connections in an environment that is non- threatening and accessible.

Eaglehawk Community House


To be confirmed Story Time in the Park is well attended by local families from Eaglehawk and participants report a high level of satisfaction with the program.

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4.6.6 Continue to work with Aboriginal parents to improve their literacy and numeracy skills through literacy and numeracy kits. These can be passed on to their children.



• Core Work Literacy and numeracy skills of both Aboriginal parents and children have improved.

1-4

4.7 To support access and participation in Early Childhood Services for Children living in Out of Home Care.

4.7.1 Liaise with the City of Greater Bendigo concerning children living in Out of Home Care and work in partnership to ensure their ongoing participation in Early Years services.

Department of Health and Human Services / contracted Community Service Organisations


• Bendigo Health

• Core Work Partners work effectively together to provide access to Early Years Services for children living in Out of Home Care.

1-4







Year

4.7 To support access and participation in Early Childhood Services for Children living in Out of Home Care. (Continued)

4.7.2 Work with carers to ensure that children living in Out of Home Care have access to Early Years services such as Maternal and Child Health (universal and enhanced services), Kindergarten and other relevant services.


• Carers of children who live in Out of Home Care

• Maternal and Child Health services

• Kindergartens • Relevant Early

Years Services • Bendigo Health

• Out of Home Care Education Commitment 2010

• Out of Home Care Practice Manual

• Charter for Children in Out of Home Care

• Early Childhood Agreement for Children in Out of Home Care 2014

Carers of children living in out of home care are supported to ensure that children access Early Years Services.

1-4

4.7.3 Ensure that children who live in Out of Home Care are provided with a place in early childhood education centres wherever possible. Ensure that these services are inclusive and culturally appropriate; and provide ongoing support to their carers.

Department of Education and Training

• Early Childhood Education Centres




Children who live in Out of Home Care and their carers are supported to access appropriate early childhood centres.

1-4







Year

4.7 To support access and participation in Early Childhood Services for Children living in Out of Home Care.

4.7.4 Provide support, advice, resources and subsidies to early childhood providers, City of Greater Bendigo and Department of Health and Human Services to ensure that children living in Out of Home Care are able to access Early Years Services and programs.

Department of Education and Training





Organisations that work with children in out of home care are supported to enable children to access Early Years Services and programs.

1-4

4.7.5 Develop a policy to ensure that Out of Home Carers retain and pass on the medical history of children in their care.

Department of Health and Human Services


• Bendigo Health • Department of







The medical records of children living in Out of Home Care are retained by their carers and passed on to relevant organisations as required.

1-4







Year

4.7 To support access and participation in Early Childhood Services for Children living in Out of Home Care. (Continued)

4.7.6 Work with St Luke’s to develop efficient and accessible referral pathways for families with children in Out of Home Care. Enabling access to health and wellbeing services, programs and supports


• St Luke’s Anglicare • Core Work Out of Home Care families are utilising services at Bendigo Community Health Services - kidz space for children in their care, and accessing services is easy for carers.

2


THEME 5. WHOLE OF COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS BENEFITTIN G CHILDREN – ACTION PLAN

Purpose: To strengthen Early Years partnerships to improve outcomes for children.



Year

5.1. To enhance and develop whole of community inter-agency partnerships across all government and community sectors to enable integrated planning leading to the improved delivery of Early Years services and programs.

5.1.1 Ensure that City of Greater Bendigo Early Years staff are represented on appropriate planning and project partnerships including The First Quarter, Early Years Coordination Group, Children and Youth Area Partnership.



• Goodstart Early Learning

• Bendigo Health • Catholic Care • DHHS • St Luke’s Anglicare • Baptcare • Communities for

Children • YMCA of Ballarat • Department of


• Noahs Ark • Catholic education • Loddon Mallee

Preschool Association (LMPA)

• Bendigo & District Aboriginal Co-operative

• Core Work City of Greater Bendigo participates in The First Quarter and Early Years Coordination Group meetings and other initiatives as appropriate.

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Year

5.1. To enhance and develop whole of community inter-agency partnerships across all government and community sectors to enable integrated planning leading to the improved delivery of Early Years services and programs. (Continued)

5.1.2 Work in partnership to ensure Early Years networks meet the needs of Early Years Providers in terms of sharing of information, networking and learning opportunities.


• Kindergarten clusters • St Luke’s Pre-school

Field Officer • Early Years Providers • Bendigo Regional

Institute of TAFE • Community

organisations

• Core Work Early Years networks continue to meet the needs of Early Years providers.

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5.1.3 Establish a multi-sectoral group to discuss Early Years cases.

Bendigo Health • Bendigo Community Health

• Allied health workers • City of Greater

Bendigo • Schools • Kindergarten Clusters • St Luke’s Pre-school

Field Officer • Early Years Providers

To be confirmed A more coordinated approach is developed to assisting families and their children through the establishment of a multi-sectoral group.

1-4






Year

5.1. To enhance and develop whole of community inter-agency partnerships across all government and community sectors to enable integrated planning leading to the improved delivery of Early Years services and programs. (Continued)

5.1.4 Assist agencies to improve Early Years Services, programs and facilities by providing planning advice and support for integrated partnership approaches, funding submissions and other initiatives.


• Early Childhood Providers

• Core Work Agencies are supported to seek additional resources or to instigate various Early Years initiatives through advice, information and specific data that may assist in the development of funding applications, programs and projects.

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5.1.5 Develop partnerships and participate in the Kids in the Community Study (KICS) to allow for strategic planning and community responses based on health and developmental factors in Eaglehawk, Long Gully and Maiden Gully.

Centre for Community Child Health – Royal Children’s Hospital


• Early Years providers • Schools • Kindergarten Clusters • Bendigo Community

Health Services • Allied health • GP’s • Bendigo Health • Outside School Hours

Care Operators • Bendigo & District

• Core Work Reported evidence through a set of measures that allows the City to strategically plan and develop effective policies and programs to improve child development outcomes throughout Maiden Gully, Long Gully and Eaglehawk.

1-2






Year

5.1. To enhance and develop whole of community inter-agency partnerships across all government and community sectors to enable integrated planning leading to the improved delivery of Early Years services & programs.

Aboriginal Co-operative

• Family Day Care Providers


5.2. To encourage the development of research and sharing of research data to improve our evidence base and to help plan, deliver and advocate for services.

5.2.1 Plan and identify future growth areas suitable for the development of Early Years facilities, services and programs.


• Communities For Children


• Core Work Strategic planning to identify growth areas and locations suitable for the development of Early Years facilities, services and programs.

1-4

5.2.2 Encourage relevant organisations to share data and information to improve service planning and delivery.



• Core Work Early Years providers and the community are regularly provided with up to date information about Early Years.

1-4






Year

5.3. To advocate to State and Federal Governments for funding and support in response to emerging needs of the community.

5.3.1 Identify community priorities and funding opportunities and assess eligibility for various projects.


• Community organisations


Field Officer • Early Years

Providers • The First Quarter • Early Years

Coordination Group

• Core Work Additional resources have been received in Greater Bendigo to support Early Years initiatives that respond to identified priority needs.

1-4

5.3.2 Work in partnership with peak bodies and community agencies to identify funding shortfalls, infrastructure requirements, service gaps and investigate suitable funding opportunities.


• Community organisations


Field Officer • Early Years

Providers

• Core Work Funding shortfalls, future infrastructure priorities and service gaps are identified and prioritised. Inter-agency partnerships developed and funding applications prepared in response to priority needs.

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Year

5.3. To advocate to State and Federal Governments for funding and support in response to emerging needs of the community.

5.3.3 Advocate for an increase in the number of paediatricians, child psychiatrists, mental health practitioners and psychologists to service the region.

Bendigo Health • Early Years Providers


• Universities • Businesses

To be confirmed An adequate number of health practitioners are employed and servicing the region.

1-4

5.4 To provide high quality, accessible and equitable Early Years Services and programs which respond to priority needs of children and their families.

5.4.1 Encourage Early Years providers to consult with families to improve service policies and practices, using tools such as The City’s Community Engagement Strategy and Communities for Children Consultation Model.




• Families

• City of Greater Bendigo Community Engagement Guidelines and Toolkit 2011

• Communities for Children Consultation Model (2014)

• Communities for Children Action Plan

5.4.2 Establish an Internal Working Group to investigate and plan for the needs of children and families once they have moved beyond the Early Years (8-12 years)



• Schools • Bendigo Health

• Core Work The needs of children 8-12 years of age are planned for by a broad range of agencies working in partnership.

2-4






Year

5.4 To provide high quality, accessible and equitable Early Years Services and programs which respond to priority needs of children and their families. (Continued)

5.4.3 Develop a ‘No Wrong Door’ model to enable families to easily access relevant services and enable more coordinated responses between agencies.


• Health services and community

organisations • Early Years

Providers • Bendigo Health • Bendigo Community

Health Services • Families


The ‘No Wrong Door’ model has been developed and implemented.

3

5.4.4 Develop a ‘warm referral’ practice and process to improve access to services.


• Health services • Community

organisations • Early Years

Providers • Bendigo Health • Bendigo Community

Health Services


A warm referral process is in practice.

3

5.4.5 Provide timely and responsive support to families with complex and severe mental health difficulties.

Bendigo Health – Child Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS)



To be confirmed Families with complex and severe mental health difficulties are well supported by health professionals and early years providers.

1-4






Year

5.4 To provide high quality, accessible and equitable Early Years Services and programs which respond to priority needs of children and their families. (Continued)

5.4.6 Continue to provide timely and responsive support to families with complex and severe mental health difficulties.

Bendigo Health - Child Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS)


• Maternal and Child Health Services


To be confirmed Early childhood services are more skilled to identify and respond to mental health difficulties.

1-4

5.4.7 Continue to provide support around behavioural difficulties for children at primary school, their parents and teachers through the CAMHS And Schools Early Action (CASEA) program

CASEA • Early Years Providers


CASEA Program based in Schools (prep to Grade 3) and involves targeting young children, their parents, teachers in learning new ways of relating and dealing with challenging behaviour.

Primary school children who experience behavioural difficulties and their parents / teachers are able to receive support from the CASEA program.

1-4

5.4.8 Assist young children aged up to 8 years who receive Home and Community Care (HACC) service and their families to transition to the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) due to commence July 2016.



• Disability Providers

• Core work Children currently receiving HACC services will receive their services under the NDIS scheme

2-4






Year

5.4 To provide high quality, accessible and equitable Early Years services and programs which respond to priority needs of children and their families. (Continued)

5.4.9 Continue to provide accessible and inclusive specialist services and programs to vulnerable and disadvantaged children/families. Providing coordinated care and wrap around service provision where appropriate.



• Core work Kidz space services and programs are provided at no or low cost to families. Services are easily identified and referral pathways are easily utilised.

1-4

5.5 To implement the Greater Bendigo Municipal Early Years Plan as a ‘whole of community’ partnership and evaluate its effectiveness in achieving the goals, objectives and actions.

5.5.1 Evaluate the Greater Bendigo Municipal Early Years Plan involving key stakeholders, The First Quarter and Early Years Coordination Group using a multi-faceted evaluation process that includes qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods.


• The First Quarter • The Early Years

Coordination Group • Community

Agencies • State Government

Departments

Municipal Early Years Plan - Evaluation Plan

Formative Evaluation Plan is prepared and ratified. Methods to collect data and information are implemented and reviewed. Annual Evaluation Reports are prepared and Action Plan updates. Points of continuous improvement are

1-4






Year

5.5 To implement the Municipal Early Years Plan as a ‘whole of community’ partnership and evaluate its effectiveness in achieving the goals, objectives and actions. (Continued)

developed and implemented. Actions from the Plan are coordinated involving the Early Years Coordination Group.

5.5.2 Develop an internal City of Greater Bendigo Municipal Early Years Plan Working Group to assist in the delivery of the relevant actions contained within the Plan.


• City of Greater Bendigo (Community Services, Active and Healthy Communities, Building and Property, Open Spaces, Strategy)

• Core Work City of Greater Bendigo’s internal Working Group is operating effectively and delivering and monitoring relevant actions.

1-4

5.5.3 Link the Municipal Early Years Plan with the development of the Loddon Children and Youth Area Partnership.

The First Quarter Loddon Children and Youth Area Partnership


• Bendigo Health

To be confirmed The Municipal Early Years Plan is effectively linked with the Loddon Children and Youth Area Partnership.

1






Year

5.6. To ensure systemic improvement for vulnerable and at risk children.

5.6.1 Develop and enhance partnerships between Child FIRST / Family Services and universal and secondary early year’s services through regular discussions, information sharing, networking and ‘conversation circles.’

North Central Victoria Family Services Alliance

• Njernda Aboriginal Corporation (Echuca)

• Bendigo & District Aboriginal Cooperative

• Child Protection • Universal services • Bendigo Health • Communities for

Children Family Services at: • St Luke’s Anglicare • Bendigo Community

Health • Cobaw Community

Health • Mt Alexander • Catholic Care • Kyabram and District • Echuca Regional

Health

North Central Victoria Family Services Alliance Strategic Plan (2014)

Increased referrals between agencies. Improved partnerships between agencies. Increased engagement of vulnerable children in universal services. Increased support for children through family services. Reduced reports and re-reports to Child Protection.

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THEME 6. A CHILD FRIENDLY COMMUNITY – ACTION PLAN

Purpose: To ensure the creation of child friendly e nvironments and enhance children’s participation in decision making processes that impact on

their lives




Year

6.1. Lead the implementation of the Victorian Local Government Association’s (VLGA) Charter for Child Friendly Cities and Communities.

6.1.1 Adopt the VLGA Child Friendly Cities and Communities Charter.


• VLGA • Child Friendly

Cities and Communities Network

• The First Quarter and Early Years Coordination Group

• Victorian Child Friendly Cities and Communities Charter 2014

Greater Bendigo is a Child Friendly City and Community.

1

6.1.2 Implement the three Goals discussed in the Child Friendly Cities and Communities Charter.


• VLGA • Child Friendly

Cities and Communities Network


Three Goals in the Child Friendly Cities and Communities Charter are implemented across the municipality.

1-4

6.2. To enable children to experience environments that respond to their needs and aspirations.

6.2.1 Develop and utilise a Child Friendly Cities lens or checklist to ensure that places and spaces within Greater Bendigo are designed to allow children to feel welcome and safe; to be active and healthy; and to actively contribute to their local environment.



• Businesses


Child Friendly Cities lens or checklist has been developed and is utilised in planning of public spaces.

2-4




their lives




Year

6.2. To enable children to experience environments that respond to their needs and aspirations. (Continued)

6.2.2 Ensure that emergency preparedness and planning specifically considers children.


• Emergency services, e.g. police, fire, ambulance, State Emergency Services (SES)


Emergency preparedness and planning has considered children’s needs.

2-4

6.3. To enable and encourage children to express their opinions and to participate in and contribute to decisions about their community and their health and wellbeing.

6.3.1 Develop policies and processes to ensure that children’s needs are investigated and that their input is actively sought on all matters that impact them.




Policies and processes are established and provide for children’s input.

1-4

6.3.2 Update City of Greater Bendigo’s Community Engagement Framework to include specific tools / information to engage with children.


• All relevant City Units

• City of Greater Bendigo Community Engagement Guidelines and Toolkit 2011

City of Greater Bendigo’s community engagement framework and tools include information on how to consult with children.

1-2




their lives




Year

6.3. To enable and encourage children to express their opinions and to participate in and contribute to decisions about their community and their health and wellbeing. (Continued)

6.3.3 Conduct annual workshops encouraging children’s leadership and participation in Council decision making processes.



• Children


Leadership workshops for children are held annually.

1-4

6.4. To provide equitable access to supportive environments and services for children, regardless of gender, ethnicity, religion or ability.

6.4.1 Provide capacity building to organisations where culturally and linguistically diverse clients are accessing services. Developing workforce understanding of culture and community needs.

Bendigo Community Health Services (Settlement Services)

• To be confirmed • Core Work Organisations are accessing training and workshops to help develop understanding and skill base, in relation to meeting the needs of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) families. Families are being treated with respect and understanding during their interactions with these organisations.




their lives




Year

6.4. To provide equitable access to supportive environments and services for children, regardless of gender, ethnicity, religion or ability. (Continued)

6.4.2 Actively promote our communities and services through various forms of media as a welcoming place for children and their families to live, work and visit.





Our communities and services are promoted as a welcoming place for children and their families to live, work and visit.

1-4

6.4.3 Review Council policies, strategic plans and services to ensure that they are supportive to the needs of children from all backgrounds.


• Relevant Council Service Units and Strategies to be confirmed


Council polices, strategic plans and services have been reviewed to ensure that they are supportive to the needs of children.

3-4

6.4.4 Ensure that the City of Greater Bendigo’s online media presence related to early years is regularly updated.



• Bendigo Health • Communities for

Children

• Core Work Information is available on Council’s website for children and parents. A range of applications and websites that assist staff to undertake their day to day work, communicate with families and promote services.

1-4




their lives




Year

6.4. To provide equitable access to supportive environments and services for children, regardless of gender, ethnicity, religion or ability. (Continued)

6.4.5 Provide intergenerational opportunities for children at Council’s Early Learning Centres with Home Care Planned Activity Group clients. Activities may include reading, painting and gardening.


• To be confirmed • Core work

Children at Early Learning Centres will have participated in activities with older persons.

2-4

6.5. To incorporate the needs and rights of children when developing City planning documents and strategic directions for the community.

6.5.1 Consider the needs of children in the implementation of the Greater Bendigo Human Rights Charter.


• To be confirmed • Greater Bendigo Human Rights Charter 2014

Children’s needs are reflected in the Greater Bendigo Human Rights Charter.

2

6.5.2 Continue to increase and update the State of Bendigo Children’s Report to guide future strategic planning.



• The First Quarter • Early Years

Coordination Group


• The State of Bendigo’s Children Report 2013

The State of Bendigo’s Children’s Report is updated every three years and is used to guide strategic planning.

1-4




their lives




Year

6.6 To facilitate a broad range of community based events for children and their families.

6.6.1 Facilitate a Children’s Day as part of National Aborigines and Islanders Day Observance Committee (NAIDOC) Week.



• National Aborigines and Islanders Day Observance Committee

• Community Agencies

• Bendigo Health

• To be confirmed Children’s Day is well supported by children, families and organisations.

1-4

6.6.2 Continue to implement free / low cost child friendly events throughout the municipality, e.g. Fun Loong Fun Day, Playgroup Victoria Week activities, Summer in the Parks, New Year’s Eve entertainment, Neighbourhood Events etc.


• Playgroup Victoria • Early Years

Providers • Private operators • Businesses • Community Groups

and Organisations • Schools

• Core Work A variety of inclusive, quality, free / low cost activities are available for children and their families in the City each year and are well supported.

1-4

action plan – first endorsed 2 march 2016 (updated 22 ... · partners relevant strategies what...

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