acrylic book
DESCRIPTION
Acrylic BookTRANSCRIPT
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BOOKTHE ACRYLIC
A COMPREHENSIVE RESOURCE FOR ARTISTS
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The Acrylic bookA comprehensive resource for Artists
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t A b l e o f c o n t e n t s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
Chapter 1 IntroduCtIon & hIstory 5
Chapter 2 essentIal InformatIon 7 WhatIsAcrylicPaint? 7
ComponentsofAcrylicPaint 7
HowAcrylicsWork 8
CharacteristicsofAcrylicPaints 9
TechnicalInformation 10
MixingColor:MineralandModernPigments 13
LiquitexColorPalettes 14
Chapter 3 lIquItex produCts 16 ColorRanges 16
ProfessionalArtistsAcrylicColor 16
9EssentialThingstoKnowAboutAcrylicColors 17
SoftBodyProfessionalArtistAcrylicColor 18
HeavyBodyProfessionalArtistAcrylicColor 19
SuperHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistAcrylicColor 20
DecorativeSeries 21
LiquitexInterferenceColors 21
IridescentColors 22
LuorescentColors 22
LiquigemsAcrylicGlitterPaint 23
GlossiesAcrylicEnamelPaint 23
BasicsValueSeries 25
Basics 25
BasicsMatt 26
ChoosingtheRightColor:ArtistsColorvs ValueSeries 27
AcrylicMediums 29
prep 31 SurfacePrep 31
paint 34 FluidMediums 34
GelMediums 40
Effects 48
finish 57 Varnish 57
Chapter 4 applICatIons 62 AcrylicSheets 62
Airbrushing 64
Brushwork 68
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t A b l e o f c o n t e n t s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
Chapter 4 applICatIons (cont ) Collaging 69 Floorcloths 71
CanvasPreparation 71
Glazing 73
GlossiesonGlass,Tile&CeramicSurfaces 74
MuralPainting 77
PaintingonFabricandLeather 82
Pouring 87
Silk-screen 89
SurfacePreparation 90
Transfers 97
WatercolorWithAcrylic 100
Chapter 5 frequently asked questIons 102
Chapter 6 health & safety 106 HealthLabeling 106
TCLPProductAnalysisFindingsSummary 110
SafeStudioTips 110
Chapter 7 referenCe 112
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q u i c k r e f e r e n c e p r o d u c t g u i d e
professIonal Color
SoftBodyAcrylicColor 18
HeavyBodyAcrylicColor 19
SuperHeavyBodyAcrylicColor 20
Value serIes Color
BASICSAcrylicColor 25
BASICSMattAcrylicColor 26
professIonal medIums
surface prep 31
Gesso 31
ClearGesso 32
SuperHeavyGesso 33
ColoredGesso 33
fluid mediums 34
PaletteWettingSpray 34
GlossMedium&Varnish 35
GlazingMedium 36
MatteMedium 36
UltraMatteMedium 37
Slow-DriBlendingMedium 38
Gel mediums 40
GlossGel 41
GlossHeavyGel 41
GlossSuperHeavyGel 42
MatteGel 43
MatteSuperHeavyGel 44
UltraMatteGel 44
Slow-DriBlendingGel 45
ModelingPaste 46
LightModelingPaste 47
FlexibleModelingPaste 47
effects 48
FabricMedium 48
IridescentMedium 48
AirbrushMedium 49
PouringMedium 50
StringGel 50
effects (cont )
CeramicStucco 51
WhiteOpaqueFlakes 51
GlassBeads 52
BlendedFibers 52
ResinSand 52
NaturalSand 52
BlackLava 53
Slow-DriGelRetarder 54
Slow-DriFluidRetarder 54
FlowAid 55
LiquithickThickeningGel 56
Varnish
HighGlossVarnish 57
GlossVarnish 57
SatinVarnish 57
MatteVarnish 57
SoluvarGlossVarnish 58
SoluvarGlossVarnishAerosol 58
SoluvarMatteVarnish 58
SoluvarMatteVarnishAerosol 58
teChnIques & applICatIons
AcrylicSheets 62
Airbrushing 64
Brushwork 68
Floorcloths 71
Glazing 73
GlossiesOnGlass,Tile&CeramicSurfaces 74
MuralPainting 77
PaintingOnFabricAndLeather 82
Pouring 87
Silk-Screen 89
SurfacePreparation 90
Transfers 97
WatercolorwithAcrylic 100
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l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
Knowledge is power.TheLiquitexAcrylicBookisforartists,educatorsandstudentsofalllevels Theinformationinthisbookwillhelpyoubetterunderstandacrylicartmaterialsandwillexposeyoutoinnovativetechniquesandapplications TheLiquitexAcrylicBookiswrittenbythepeoplewhohavemadeprofessionalwater-basedacrylicslongerthananyothermanufacturer Thisbookistheresultofmanylifetimesofexperienceandexpertise
Thiseasy-accessLiquitexAcrylicBookhassixmainchapters:1 EssentialInformation2 LiquitexAcrylicProducts3 Applications4 FrequentlyAskedQuestions5 HealthandSafety6 ReferenceTheFrequentlyAskedQuestionswillhelpyousolvecommonacrylicproblems,whiletheApplicationssectionoffersfinearttechniquesandmanyideasforprojectsandapplications
Ifyouhaveanyspecificortechnicalquestionsthatarenotansweredinthisbook: Visitwww.liquitex.com forcomprehensivetechnicalinformationonall
Liquitexproducts
Callusat1.888.4ACRYLIC (North America Only).
Itsourjobtomakesurethatyouhavetheinformationthatyouneedtobesuccessful
a BrIef hIstory Inthelonghistoryofartmaterials,acrylicsarefairlynew Oilcolorsdatebacktothefifteenthcentury Temperaandencaustichavepedigreesthatarecountedinthethousandsofyears Andwatercolorwastheresultwhenprehistoricvisionariesdevelopedthebasicmodelforpaintthatstillservestoday:acombinationofpigment(earthcolorant),vehicle(fortheearliestartists,saliva),andbinder(prehistoricanimalfat)
Acrylicswerefirstdevelopedasasolvent-basedartistscolorintheearlypartofthetwentiethcentury Thefirstwater-borneacrylic(thekindweusetoday)wasdevelopedandlaunchedin1955 Inthatyear,acompanyinCincinnati,OhiocalledPermanentPigmentsthathadbeenmillingoilcolorssince1933(andrunbyamannamedHenryLevison,wholived,drank,
inTroducTion & hisTory
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slept,andbreathedartistscolors)launchedanewproduct Thisnewartistscolorwasformulatedwithanacrylicpolymerresinthatwasemulsifiedwithwater Thenewcolorcouldgofromthicktothinandeverywhereinbetween;itwouldadheretojustaboutanythingfromcanvastopapertometaltowoodtoplasticanditdriedquicklyforeasyre-working,layering,andmasking Mostimportant,itcouldbethinnedandcleanedupwithwater
Levisontriedtocomeupwithanamethatwouldcapturetheessenceofthemediumandthefactthatitcouldgofromfluidliquiditytoheavytexture Hecalledhisnewproductliquidtexture,orliquitex.
Levisonwasabletoencourageanumberofartiststotrytheproduct,butacceptancewasslow AcrylicsdidntgainfullacceptanceintheartistcommunityuntilLevisonfiguredoutaprinciplethatisstillinplacetoday:greatinformationisasimportantasgreatmaterials Baseduponthatprinciple,Levisonlaunchedalecturedemonstrationprograminwhichartistsofferedworkshopsandlecturesontheuseofacrylicstocollegestudentsandprofessors Withinafewyears,acrylicswerebeingusedconsistentlyincollegesanduniversitiesacrossthecountry AnditwasntlongbeforeLiquitexwasbeingusedbysomeofthemostimportantartistsofthelate20thcentury:DavidHockney,HelenFrankenthaler,AndyWarholandothers Becauseofitsdurabilityandversatility,Liquitexalsobecamethemediumofchoiceforlarge-scalepublicmuralsbyartistssuchasGaroAntreasianandThomasHartBenton Infact,itsfairtosaythat,withoutLiquitexandtheworkingpropertiesofwater-basedacrylics,20thcenturyartwouldhavebeencompletelydifferent
Bythe1980s,acrylicshadbecomethemostpopularandwidelyusedofallpaintingmediums,surpassingbothwatercolorandoilbyawidemargin Thereason?TheinfinitevarietyofapplicationsofacrylicscoupledwiththespiritofinnovationfirstshownbyLiquitex
Withoutquestion,thereisnomoreversatilecolorsystemintheworld Whilebothoilsandwatercolorrequirecarefulselectionofsurfacesandtechniquestoensuresuccessandstability,acrylicscanbeusedwithsomesimpleguidelinesonvirtuallyanything,toachievevirtuallyanyvisualorsculpturalresult Theycanbeusedoncanvas,onpaper,onfabric,onleather,onmetal,andonwood Acrylicscanbebrushed,troweled,sprayed,poured,splattered,scrapedorcarved Inshort,withalittlecareandtherightadditiveormedium,acrylicscandojustaboutanythingyoucanimagine
Acrylicsoffersuchgreatversatilitybecausetheydothreegreatthings:1. They stick.Toalmostanything Acrylicsoffergreatadhesiontoawidevarietyofsurfaces 2. They flex.Astheydryandage,acrylicstendtoremainfarmoreflexiblethanoils,allowing
themtobeusedwithoutcrackingonawiderarrayofsurfaces 3. They adjust.Throughthewondersofmodernchemistry,theworkingpropertiesofacrylics
canbeadjusted,altered,andmanagedinaninfinitevarietyofways
TotakeadvantageofthisversatilityithelpstounderstandthebasicchemistryofhowAcrylicswork
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What Is aCrylIC paInt?Waterbasedacrylicpaintiscomposedofpigmentparticlesdispersedinanacrylicpolymeremulsion
Components of aCrylIC paIntpigment
Adry,powderymaterialthatdoesnotdissolveandremainssuspendedwhenmixedwithacrylicpolymeremulsion Pigmentscanbeorganic,inorganic,naturalandsynthetic Theyhavelittleornoaffinityforthesurfacetowhichtheyareapplied
Vehicle
Acombinationofwaterandacrylicpolymerwhichcreateapolymeremulsion Oncethewaterleavesthesystemviaevaporationorabsorptionthepaintdriescreatingastablefilmtrappingthepigmentparticles
Binder
Acrylicpolymerwithoutthewater Bindergivesthepaintitshandlinganddurabilitycharacteristics
defInItIonspolymer
Apolymerisalongchemicalchainmadeupofsmaller,oftenidenticalmolecules Whenfullyassembled,ithasthepotentialforaddedstrengthandstabilityasitlocksintoatightlyorderedstructure Thefinalacrylicpaintfilmismadeofastablepolymericstructurethatlocksthepigmentintoplace
emulsion
Amixtureofwaterandacrylicpolymer Anemulsionisastablemixtureofcomponentsthatdonotnormallymixwelltogether (Oilandwater,forexample,canbemixedtogetherbutwillstillsettleoutandseparate )Chemicalemulsifiersareaddedtoforcethewaterandacrylicpolymerintoastablemixtureuntilthewatereitherevaporatesorisabsorbed
essenTiAl informATion
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hoW aCrylICs WorkAcryliccolorsdryasaresultofwaterevaporation Hereswhatoccursaspigment,water,andacrylicaretransformedintoalast-for-agespaintfilm:
step 1 Squeezedfromthetube,orscoopedfromthejar,acrylicpaintisafinelybalanceddispersionofpigmentinanemulsionofacrylicpolymerandwater Thewaterservestokeeptheemulsionliquid,andactsasakindofchemicalchaperonepreventingtheacrylicpolymerparticlesfromgettingcloseandpersonalandlockingupbeforetheartistisready
step 2 Whenexposedtotheatmosphere,waterintheemulsionevaporates,orisabsorbedintothepaintingsupport Thatswhentheacrylicpolymerparticlescomeintodirectcontactandfusewitheachother
step 3 Thepolymerparticlesorganizethemselvesintoastable,hexagonalstructure,trappingthepigmentinplace Bingo!Thestablepaintfilm!
Itisimportanttonotethatacrylicsshouldneverbethinnedwithmorethan25%water Toomuchwaterwillspreadtheacrylicresinthinly,andinterferewiththeformationofthestablefilm AddinganAcrylicMedium,ratherthanwater,helpsmaintaincolorbrillianceandensuresthatthepaintfilmwillremainstable
Theacrylic/wateremulsionhasaslightlymilkycolorwhenwetthatclarifiesasthepaintdries Thismilkyappearancelightens(toaslightdegree)thevalueofthecolor Aswaterleavestheemulsion,andthebinderclarifies,thevalueofthecolordarkens Thiscolorchangeiscommonlycalledthewet-to-drycolorshiftandismostnoticeablewithdarktransparentpigments(suchasAlizarin)andlessnoticeablewithlightopaquepigments(suchasCadmiumYellow) Asacrylicchemistryadvances,Liquitexcontinuouslymakesuseofnewacrylicresinsfromaroundtheworldthatofferfarbetterwetclaritythaneverbefore
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CharaCterIstICs of aCrylIC paIntsBasIC CharaCterIstICs
Water-solublecolorswhilewet
Permanent,waterinsoluble,flexiblecolorswhendry Builtupsurfaceswillremainfreeofcracksandchips Lessflexibleincoldweather Softerinwarmweather
Shouldbethinnedwithaminimumofwater Tomaintainthestabilityofthefinalfilm,useacrylicmediumsoradditivestoadjusttheflowandworkingproperties
Donotmixwithsolvents,turpentineoroils Mixonlywithotheracrylicemulsionpaintsormediums
Keepbrusheswet Cleanupbrushes,handsandpalettewithsoapandwater
Littleodor,nofumes,nonflammable Usesnon-toxicthinnersandmediums
NOTEonflexibility:WhileLiquitexAcryliccolorsandmediumswillremainflexibleovertime,allacrylicpaintfilmsbecomeincreasinglybrittleincoldweather Donotflex,roll,orunrollacrylicpaintingsintemperaturesbelow45F
dryInG CharaCterIstICs Acrylicpaintdriesbyevaporationofitswatercomponent Thinpaintfilmswill
dryin1020minuteswhilethickpaintfilmsmaytakefromanhouruptoseveraldays
Onporoussurfacesthewaterevaporatesfromboththepaintaswellastheundersideofthesupport
Resinparticlescoalesceandtrappigmentsasthewaterevaporates Thepolymerresinbondsandfallsintoroughlyhexagonalpatterns Thecompletedprocessyieldsawaterinsoluble,flexible,non-yellowingpaintfilm
CleanInG up aCrylIC paInts from hands:Wetordriedacrylicpaintcleanswithsoapandwater
from brushes:Cleanwetbrusheswithsoap&water Cleandriedacrylicbrusheswithacetone,denaturedalcoholorequivalentproduct Thesecleaningsolutionsaretoxic Careshouldbetakenduringuse
from clothing:Whilepaintiswet,cleanwithwaterand/orwindowcleaner Driedacrylicpaintispermanentonfabric
from painting surface:Whilepaintiswet,wipewithdamprag,cleanwithwater Whenpaintisdry,simplypaintoversurfacewithdesiredcolorsandmotif Thesurfaceofadryacrylicpaintingcanbecleanedbygentlywashingwithsoapandwater
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Thetransparency,translucencyandopacityofcolorsarebasedonthecharacteristicsofthepigmentsused AllLiquitexcolorsarelabeledTransparent(TP),Translucent(TL),orOpaque(O)onthelabelofeachproduct
opaque Opaquecolorsdonotallowlighttopassthroughthecolorlayer Besthidingpowerorcoverage Duplicatesgouacheeffects
translucent Inbetweentransparentandopaque Allowssomelighttopassthroughthecolorlayer
transparent Transparentcolorsallowlighttopassthroughtheircolorlayer Leasthidingpower Allowsunderneathcolortoshowthrough Bestsuitedforglazingandwatercolortechniques
hue, Value, Chroma
Hue,ValueandChromapositionsforeachcoloraredisplayedoneachlabel,foreveryLiquitexcolor ThesedesignationsarebasedontheinternationallyrecognizedMunsellColorSystem
teChnICal InformatIonAllLiquitexPaintsandMediumsaremanufacturedtohighqualityandperformancestandards
attrIButesLiquitexAcrylicColorsandMediumsaremadeusingthehighestqualityacrylicresintoproduceacrylicpolymeremulsioncolorsandmediums Allcolorscontainpurepigments,ina100%acrylicpolymeremulsion LiquitexAcrylicColorscontainnofillers,opacifiers,toners,dyes,emulsifiersoradditivesthatincreasevolumewithoutimpartingapositiveattributetothepaint LiquitexAcrylicColorshavethegreatestpermanenceandlightfastnesspossible
Allcolorsdrytothetightestsheenrangeofanyacrylic,ensuringlessshinyanddullspotsinthefinishedpainting
Allcolorscontainthehighestpurepigmentload,withhightintingpowerandmaximumpermanenceofanyacrylic
laBel InformatIonThefollowinginformationisprovidedonlabelsofallLiquitexAcrylicColors
transparency/opacity
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munsell Color systemThereareavarietyofopticalsystemsthatcanbeusedtomeasuretherefractiveandphysicalpropertiesofcolor OneofthemostcommonlyusedinhelpingartistsandscientistsbetteridentifytheopticalcharacteristicsofcoloristheMunsellsystem LiquitexlabelsincludeMunsellnotationsforeachcolor Thecolorsystemisbrokendownwiththefollowingidentifyingcategories:hueColorcanbeorganizedtofollowtheflowofhuesorspectralfamilynames Asorganizedwithinacolorwheel,12huesareRedPurple,Red,RedOrange,Orange,YellowOrange,Yellow,YellowGreen,Green,BlueGreen,Blue,BluePurple,andPurple Withinthespectrum,thethreeprimarycolorsareRed,Yellow,andBlue AhueisthepreciseidentificationofeachcolorwithinaHuePositionBand Thespecifichueofacolormaybeatcenterorleantowardonespectralneighbororanother Forexample,CadmiumRedMediumcarriesaMunsellNotationof6 3R,andisindicatedasleaningtowardtheRedOrangehuecolumn
Complementary colorsstronglyenhancethecharacteroftheprimaries Forexample,placinggreennexttoredwillmakebothcolorsappearmoreintenseandvivid Greenoccupiesthepointdirectlyoppositeredonacolorwheel,andisconsideredtobethecomplementofred Orangeisthecomplementforblue,andvioletisthecomplementforyellow
split-complementarycolorsarethosethatresidedirectlytoeithersideofthecomplementarycolor Workingwithsplit-complementsallowstheartisttoexplorerelationshipsinwhichthetargetcolorcanbeenhancedbybeingplacednexttoornearasplit-complementarybutnotwiththesamedegreeofintensitythatcomeswithbeingpairedwithitsstraightcomplementarycolor Inaddition,themixingofasplit-complementwiththeoriginaltargetcolorwillyieldawell-balancedgray
triadiccolorselectionsallowtheartisttoselectcolorsthatserveasuniqueprimaries,eachofwhichareevenlyspacedinthirdsaroundthecolorwheel
tetradiccolorselectionsallowtheartisttoselectcolorsthatarebalancedandharmoniousbyvirtueoftheirequalspacinginquartersaroundthecolorwheel Morecomplexrelationshipswithbothtriadicandtetradicsystemscanbeexploredthroughdefininguniquecomplementariesandsplitcomplementarieswithintheusersuniquelydefinedpalette
ValueAllcolorsvaryinvalue(therangefromlighttodark) Valuenumbersonthelabelgivethelightanddarkmeasureofacolor Thereare,infact,10theoreticalvaluestepsrangingfrompureblack(level0)topurewhite(level10) Thehigherthenumber,thelighterthecolor
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ChromaBytheirverynature,somecolorsarequitebright(likecrimson)whileothersarenaturallydull(likeyellowochre) Therelativebrightnessorintensityofcolorscanbeidentifiedsystematically Chroma,orcolorintensity,isidentifiedbyanumberthatrangesfrom0to20 Neutralgrayisrated0,havingnotraceofchromaorhue Thisiscalled,zerochroma,zerohue Thebrighterthecolor,thehigherthenumber CadmiumRedLightHue,forexample,hasachromanotationof13,whileBurntSiennahasachromanotationof4
permanenCy
LightfastnessI,II,IIIidentifytheratingofacoloranditsabilitytowithstandanycolorshiftingorfadingwhenexposedtoultravioletlight(i e sunlight) ThelightfastnessofallLiquitexcolorsarelistedaccordingtostandardsestablishedbytheAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials(ASTM)
CategoryI Excellentlightfastness Thecolorwillexhibitnoappreciablecolorchangeaftertheequivalentof100yearsofindoormuseumexposure Bestsuitedforoutdoorinstallations(murals)
CategoryII Verygoodlightfastness Colorsaresuitedforallindoorapplications,butnotexteriorpaintingthatmayreceiveheavyexposuretoultravioletlight
CategoryIII Marginalpermanence Fugitivecolorsthatmayfallbelowthelevelofpermanencyforartistscolors Notrecommendedforpermanentwork
pIGment desIGnatIons
PigmentandColorIndexNamesarelistedforallLiquitexcolors Forspecificcolorinformation,pleaseseethereferencesectiononpage112
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mIxInG Color: mIneral and modern pIGments Inordertomixcolorwell,itisessentialtounderstandthepropertiesofthepigmentsusedtomakeeachcolor Everypigmenthasdifferentcharacteristics,whichultimatelyinfluencehowtheyinteractwitheachother Theuniqueopticalpropertiesofeachcolorcanrangefromtransparencytocompleteopacity Somepigmentshavestrongtintingstrengthwhichcreatescolormixesthatarecrispandbright,whileotherstendtograydownwhenmixed Knowingthedifferencebetweenmineralandmodern(organic)pigmentsisthekeytochoosingcolorsthatwillblendtogethertocreatethedesiredresults Threegeneralrulesgovernthedifferencesbetweentheirworkingproperties:
Whenmixed,mineralcolorstendtomorecloselyreplicatethetonalitiesofthenaturalworld Becauseofthenatureofreflectedlightandshadow,weliveinaworldofpurecolorsthatcombineintorichshadesofgray Thephysicalandopticalpropertiesofinorganiccolors,quiteoften,morecloselycapturethosequalitiesofnaturallightandshadowedcolor
Moderncolorsarebrighter,andtendtomakebrightermixes Becauseoftheirpurity,naturaltranslucencyandtintingstrength,organicpigmentsproducemixedcolorsthattendtoremainclosertothehighchromaoftheirparentprimaries
Thetwocanbeusedtogetherwithgoodresults Forexample:addingasmallamountofamoderncolortoamixtureofmineralpigmentthathasgottenmuddywillhelprestorelostchroma,withoutlosingthenaturalcharacterofthemix
Remembertheaboveareonlygeneralguidelines Theuniquenessofeachpigmentsometimescausesmodernqualitiestoshowupinmineralcolorsandviceversa
Historicallymineralpigmentssuchasyellowochreandrawumberhavebeenusedsincepre-historictimes Duringthenineteenthcenturyawidearrayofothermineralpigmentsbecameavailablewhentheindustrialrevolutionanddevelopmentsinchemistrymadeitpossibletocombinemetalslikecadmium,orcobaltwithothercompounds Theresultswerehighlystable,farlesspronetofading,andcouldbegroundintoasuspensionwithinavehicleforoilpaint Morerecently,pigmentchemistrywasrevolutionizedasmodernorganiccolorswereborninthelaboratory Thishasgivenrisetopigmentslikeanthraquinones,dioxazines,pyrroles,phthalocyanines,andbenzimidazalones,whichmakepossiblethewidevarietyofcolorsavailabletoartiststoday
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lIquItex professIonal artIst aCrylIC Colors
3 Color primary palette:QuinacridoneCrimson(PrimaryRed)YellowMediumAzo(PrimaryYellow)PhthalocyanineBlue(PrimaryBlue)
6 Color palette:hue Based pigment Cadmium Based pigmentQuinacridoneMagenta single QuinacridoneMagenta singleCadmiumRedLightHue mixed CadmiumRedLight singleCadmiumYellowMediumHue mixed CadmiumYellowMedium singlePhthalocyanineBlue(GreenShade) single PhthalocyanineBlue(GreenShade) singleIvoryBlack single IvoryBlack singleTitaniumWhite single TitaniumWhite single
12 Color palette:hue Based pigment Cadmium Based pigmentQuinacridoneMagenta single QuinacridoneMagenta singleCadmiumRedMediumHue mixed CadmiumRedMedium singleCadmiumRedLightHue mixed CadmiumRedLight singleCadmiumYellowMediumHue mixed CadmiumYellowMedium singleBurntUmber single BurntUmber singlePermanentGreenLight mixed LightGreenPermanent mixedPhthalocyanineGreen single PhthalocyanineGreen singlePhthalocyanineBlue(GreenShade) single PhthalocyanineBlue(GreenShade) singleUltramarineBlue(GreenShade) single UltramarineBlue(GreenShade) singleDioxazinePurple single DioxazinePurple singleTitaniumWhite single TitaniumWhite singleIvoryBlack single IvoryBlack single
note: Hues are used as replacements for cadmium, cobalt and other colors, when they are either unavailable, too expensive, or fugitive. Liquitex "Hue" colors generally yield
higher intensities than the color they imitate.
The Hue Based Systems, because they are based upon modern organic colors, will tend to mix with greater brightness and clarity.
The Cadmium Based systems will tend to yield mixes that more closely approximate natural light, and that may be considered more suitable for traditional landscape, portrait, or still life representations.
lIquItex Color palettesBelow are suggested color palettes for use with all liquitex acrylic color ranges
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c h A p t e r 2 : e s s e n t i A l i n f o r m A t i o n / c o l o r p A l e t t e s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
lIquItex BasICs Value serIes aCrylIC Colors
3 Color primary palette:PrimaryRedPrimaryYellowPrimaryBlue
12 Color palette:hue Based pigmentQuinacridoneMagenta singleBurntUmber singleCadmiumOrangeHue singleNaphtholCrimson singlePrimaryYellow singlePhthalocyanineBlue singlePhthalocyanineGreen singleUltramarineBlue singleDioxazinePurple singleIvoryBlack singleTitaniumWhite single
11
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
Color ranGes single pigment Colors
Offersartiststhepurestcolor,tobeusedaloneorincolormixing IncludesCadmiums,Cobalts,Quinacridone,Phthalocyanine(Phthalo)andothercolors
CadmiumColorsTraditionalsinglepigmentcolors Expensive,opaque,permanent Non-toxiconskinorifingested Toxicinspraymist
mixed pigment Colors
Givesartiststhebenefitofpre-mixed,customcolors Colorsarebrighterthancanbemixedinstudio,cutsdownoncolormixingandprovidescostsavings
NeutralGray5enablesartiststoadjustthevalueandchromaofacolorwithoutalteringthehue
hue ColorsColorsthatcontainthewordHueattheendofthecolorname
Singlepigmentormixtureofpigmentsthatlookandperformsimilartothecolortheyreplace
Huesareusedasreplacementsforcadmium,cobaltandotherpigments,whentheyareeitherunavailable,tooexpensive,orfugitive LiquitexHuecolorsgenerallyyieldhigherintensitiesthanthecolortheyimitate
professIonal artIst aCrylIC ColorSincedevelopingthefirstwaterbasedartistacrylicproductsin1955,Liquitexhasalwaysbeenconcernedwiththeneedsoftheprofessionalartist AllLiquitexproductsareformulatedbyauniqueteamofchemistsandartists:chemistswithawidearrayofskillsinresintechnologiesandartistswhohelpustostayfocusedontheworkingproperties Thiscombinationallowsustomakethemostversatilerangesofintense,highlyloaded,permanentcolorspossible Liquitexistheonlyacrylicbrandtoofferthreeuniquelydifferentrangesofprofessionalpainttosuittheneedsoftheartist:SoftBody,HeavyBody,andSuperHeavyBody Withthatinmind,range-specifichandlingcharacteristicsareestablishedsothateveryLiquitexpaintfeelsjustrightnevertoostickyorslippery Thelow-odoracrylicresinbaserepresentsthelatestinacrylicresintechnology,offeringincreasedopentimeandproducingcolorsofgreatclaritywithverylowwet-to-dryvalueshift Thepaintfilmsarehighlyflexible,durable,non-yellowing,UVresistant,water-resistantandpHneutralwhendry AllLiquitexProfessionalColorscanbeintermixedwitheachotherandaswellaswithallLiquitexMediums
liQuiTeX producTs
03c
hA
pt
er
11 11
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / p r o f e s s i o n A l c o l o r
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
attributes for all liquitex professional Colors Littletonoperceptiblewet-to-drycolorshift
Widerangeofintense,permanentpigments
Eachcolorisuniquelyformulatedtobringoutthemaximumbrillianceandclarityofeachindividualpigment
Allcolorsareformulatedtodrywithinatightsatinsheenrange
Suitableforindoorandoutdoorapplications
Watersolublewhenwet,driesquicklytoawater-resistantsurface
Nochemicaldryingactiontoprolongpaintingandvarnishingprocedure
Excellentadhesiontomostpaintingsurfaces;wood,leather,canvas,silk,plastic,muralapplications,metal,paper,etc
Chemicallyalkalinewhenwetandthereforecompatiblewithcommonmuralgroundssuchasconcrete,plaster,cement,concreteblockoranymasonrysurface
Notoxicsolventsorcleanersnecessary
Resistanttoultravioletlight,willnotyelloworgetbrittleovertime
Outstandingcolorclarityandbrillianceforsuperbcolormixing
1 Goodproductshelpyousucceed Thefinestqualitypaintsandcolorsmixbrilliantly,offerthepurestcolor,andprovidetheartistwithalltheessentialsforcreative,artisticsuccess
2 Water-borneAcryliccolorsforartistswereinventedbyLiquitexin1955 Liquitexcontinuestobetheleaderinproducinghighquality,innovativeacrylicproductsforartists
3 Artistspaintiscostly Nonews,there Thereasontheycostmorethanhousepaintsormodelpaintsorsomecraftpaintsisbecauseofthecostofpigment Thereisatrulyamazingconcentrationofpigmentinartistsqualitycolor
4 Artistsqualitycolorsareofferedandpricedinseries Thecostofeachseriesnumberreflectstherelativecostoftheuniquepigmentincludedineachformulation
5 Acryliccolorscanbeproducedindifferentthicknesses(orbodies) Liquitexistheonlyacrylicbrandtoofferthreedistinctlydifferentranges:SoftBodyforfluidapplications,HeavyBodyforthickapplications,andSuperHeavyBodyforimpasto,superthickapplications
6 AllLiquitexProfessionalAcryliccolorscontainthesameconcentrationofpigmentpervolume Thecolorismademore(orless)fluidbyalteringthechemistryoftheacrylicvehicle NOTbyaddingwater,orbydilutingthepigmentstrength
7 Acrylicsareidealforcontemporaryandexperimentalapplications Thecolorsdryveryrapidly(remainingworkablefor1040minutes)makingthemwell-suitedforapplicationsthatrequiremasking,rapidlayering,andtexturalapplication Theyreidealformurals,fabrics,tiles,andstructuraltechniques
8 Acrylicscanbeusedfortraditionalpainting,too Mediumscanbeusedtomakethecolorsuitableforglazing,impasto,watercolor,andotherapplications
9 Acrylicscanbeusedonalmostanysurface,frompaper,tocanvas,tobrick,towoodtheexceptionsareoilyorshinysurfaces Plasticsurfacesshouldbesandedbeforepainting;leathersurfacesshouldbedegreasedwithrubbingalcohol Alwaysconductanadhesiontestwhenworkingonmoreunusualsurfaces
9 essentIal thInGs to knoW aBout aCrylIC Colors
11 11
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / s o f t b o d y
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k 11
soft Body professional artist acrylic ColorSoftBodyArtistColor,previouslyreferredtoasMediumViscosity,wastheoriginalLiquitexacrylicformulationfirstmadein1956 Itisanextremelyversatileartistpaint,creamyandsmoothwithaconcentratedpigmentloadproducingintense,purecolor Thecreamysmooth,pre-filteredconsistencyensuresgoodcoverage,even-levelingandsuperbresultsinavarietyofapplicationsandtechniques
94ProfessionalColors
Heavycreamconsistency
Evenleveling
Extremelyversatileformulationformostfineartanddecorativearttechniques
Retainslittleornobrushmarks
Idealforflat,largeareacoverageandfinelinedetail
Professionalgradecolorsfordecorativepaintersarealsoavailable
Availableintubesandjars
IntermixablewithallLiquitexproducts
t e C h n I q u e s a n d a p p l I C at I o n s
TraditionalpaintingoncanvasorpanelFabricPaintingDecorativePaintingFauxFinishingGlazingUnderpaintingMuralsCalligraphyUnfiredceramicsSculpturePhotoretouchingWatercolorIllustrationandDesignAirbrush*Printmaking:ScreenPrinting,Mono
Prints,BlockPrints
CollageandMixedMediaScrapbooking/AlteredBooks
*ThinwithLiquitexAirbrushMedium
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / h e A v y b o d y
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
heavy Body professional artist acrylic Color HeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColor,previouslyreferredtoasHighViscosity,hasathickconsistency(similartooilpaint)fortraditionalarttechniquesusingbrushesorknives,aswellasforexperimental,mixedmedia,collageandprintmakingapplications Impastoapplicationsretaincrispbrushstrokeandknifemarks Goodsurfacedragprovidesexcellenthandlingandblendingcharacteristicswithincreasedopen/workingtime Highpigmentloadproducesrich,brilliant,permanentcolor
100ProfessionalColors
Exceptionallysmooth,thickbutteryconsistency
Retainsbrushstrokesandpaletteknifemarks
Greatforthick/impastoapplicationsandpaintingtechniques
Flexiblewhendry;thickfilmsremainfreeofcracksandchips
IntermixablewithallLiquitexproducts
t e C h n I q u e s a n d a p p l I C at I o n s
Impasto:ThickapplicationswithbrushstrokeandknifemarksTraditionalPaintingoncanvasorpanelExperimentalPaintingCollageandMixedMediaPrintmaking:ScreenPrinting,Monoprints,BlockPrints
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / s u p e r h e A v y b o d y
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k 10
super heavy Body professional artist acrylic Color SuperHeavyBodyisalineofhighlypigmented,clean,brilliantcolorswithsuperiorshaperetentionanduniquegutsyhandling ItisaninnovativeproductintroducedtotheLiquitexrangeinearly2004,andisexcellentfortexturalandsculpturalapplications SuperHeavyBodyhasverylowshrinkagefromwet-to-dryandproducescleancolormixeswithoutstandingclarityandbrilliance Itisformulatedtodrywithinauniformsatinsheenrange,enhancingthevisualclarityofthefinishedpainting,providinganon-plasticlookandeliminatingglare Littleornowet-to-dryvalueshiftallowsformoreaccuratecolormixing Increasedopentimeforeasierblending
27ProfessionalColors
Extrathickbodywithhighsurfacedrag(rheology),comparabletofineoils
Superiorshaperetention:holdssuperhighpeaks,knifemarksandbrushstrokes
Flexiblewhendry,allowingbuilt-upsurfacestoremainfreeofcracksandchips
Excellentforimpasto(thick),texturalandsculpturalpaintingtechniques
Satinfinish,noplasticlook
Verylowshrinkage
Vibrantcolorsstraightoutofthecontainer
Slowdryingtime,allowsmoreworking(open)time
IntermixablewithallLiquitexproducts
t e C h n I q u e s a n d a p p l I C at I o n s
ImpastoapplicationswithstrongbrushstrokeandhighknifemarksTraditionalThickPaintingoncanvasorpanelThickApplicationExperimentalPaintingCollageandSculpturalMixedMedia
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / i n t e r f e r e n c e c o l o r s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
deCoratIVe serIesInterferenCe Colors LiquitexInterferenceColorsarecolorless,transparentcolorsmadefromtitaniumcoatedmicaflakesratherthantraditionalpigments TheyarealsoknownasOpalescentColors Theychangetheircolor(exhibitingametalliclookandcolorshift)dependingupontheviewingangle Asthelighthitsthemicaflakesiteitherbouncesoffdirectly,reflectingthelabeledcolororpassesthroughtoanotherlayerandbouncesoutatadifferentrefractiveindexdisplayingthelabeledcolorscomplement Theeffectisvisuallysimilartoathincoatofoilfloatingonwater
t I p s & t e C h n I q u e s
Useinanytechniqueorsurfacesuitableforanyacrylicpaintormedium Applystraightfromcontainer,thinnedwithwaterormixedwithanyLiquitex
AcrylicColor,IridescentColor,FluidorGelMediumtoproduceanendlessvarietyofcolorsandeffects
Applyinseveralthinlayersratherthanonethicklayer Thinapplicationsinawashorglazeincreasethevisualinterferenceeffects Toachieveavisuallyopaquecoat,applyabasecolorthatmatchestheflipor
complementoftheinterferencecolor,beforeapplyingtheinterferencecolor (i e NaphtholCrimsonunderneathInterferenceGreen)
Toincreaseinterferencecoloreffect,add1%MarsBlacktointerferencecolor Tocreateiridescentgrays,add25%MarsBlacktointerferencecolor Appliedoverwhitesurfacesorlightcolors,theyaretranslucent Appliedoverblackordarksurfacestheyareseenasbrilliantpastelcolors Appliedontransparentandtranslucentsurfacestheycreateunusualvisualeffects MixwithLiquitexMediumstocreateluminescentfluidglazes
liquitex Interference Glaze mixing Guide
thick Interference Glaze8590% GelMediumorHeavyGelMedium1015% InterferenceColor1% LiquitexSoftBodyArtistAcrylicColor*
fluid Interference Glaze8590% GlossMedium&Varnish1015% InterferenceColor1% LiquitexSoftBodyArtistAcrylicColor**=Useatransparentcolor
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / i r i d e s c e n t f l u o r e s c e n t
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
IrIdesCent Colors Iridescentpaintsarealsoknownasmetallicpaintsthatdonottarnish Theymimictheeffectofbronzingpowders Bronzingpowderscannotbeusedwithacrylicemulsionsastheytarnishduetothealkalinityofthebinder
CharacteristicsLiquitexIridescentColorsproduceavarietyofnon-
tarnishingiridescentormetalliceffects
Madefromtitaniumcoatedmicaflakeswithanouterlayerofatransparentlightabsorbingcolorant,ratherthantraditionalpigments
Lightabsorbingcolorantlayersdeterminetheobservedcolor
Iridescentpigmentsareopticallyopaqueandtheyrelyonreflectedlightonlyfortheireffect NoInterferenceflipcolorisobserved
Colorswillnotoxidize
t I p s & t e C h n I q u e s
TheycanbeusedaloneormixedwithotherLiquitexColorsandMediumsforavarietyofiridescent,metalliceffects
Avoidmixingwithopaquecolors MixwithsmallamountsofLiquitexAcrylicColorsforavarietyofmetallic
colors,i e copperwithgreen=antiquecopper
MixwithLiquitexFluidMediumsformetallicglazes MixwithLiquitexTextureGelMediumsformetallictextures AddIridescentWhitetoothercolorstoattainpearlescentqualities
fluoresCent ColorsLiquitexFluorescentAcrylicsColorsareintense,brilliantcolors,producedfromdyessurroundedbyapolymercoating Thedyesabsorbinvisibleultravioletlightandemitvisiblelightofalongerwavelength,reflectingmorelightthantheyreceive Asaresult,theyfluoresceorglowandwillvisiblyoverpowerpaintsmadefromtraditionalpigments
CharaCterIstICsThefluorescenteffect,aswellasthecolor,fadesratherrapidlybecausethedyesare
notstable;aswithalltraditionalfluorescentcolors,thesecolorsareratedLightfastnessIIIandshouldnotbeusedforworkthatismeanttobepermanent
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / l i q u i g e m s g l o s s i e s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
fluoresCent Colors (Cont )
t I p s & t e C h n I q u e s
Fluorescentcolorsaretranslucentandgreaterintensitycanbeachievedbyworkingoverabrightwhitesurface
Ifagreaterpermanencyisdesired,atopcoatofLiquitexSoluvarGlossVarnishorSoluvarMatteVarnish(whichcontainUltravioletLightStabilizers)isrecommended,althoughitwilleliminatethefluorescentglowunderblacklight
lIquIGemstm aCrylIC GlItter paIntAheavybody100%acrylicpolymeremulsionpaintthatcontainsaheavyconcentrationofmicaflakes
CharaCterIstICsGlittercolorsdrytoathick,three-dimensionalconsistency
Appearmilkywhenwet
t I p s & t e C h n I q u e s
Brushonorusewithapplicatortipfordimensionallinework Notrecommendedforairbrushormarblingtechniques Notrecommendedforpermanentwork
GlossIestm aCrylIC enamelLiquitexGlossiesTMarewaterbasedacrylicenamelsthatarespeciallyformulatedtoadheretoslick,nonporousmaterialssuchas:glass,tiles,glazedceramics,stoneware,china,enamelware,primedmetal,woodandothernon-oilysurfaces
t I p s & t e C h n I q u e s
Air-driedcolorsdrytoadurable,highglossfinish Heat-setcolorsdrytoascratchresistant,highglossfinish Allcolorsarelightfast Suitableforindoorandoutdoorapplications(whenheatset) AllGlossiesTMcolorsareintermixableandcanbeeasilyblendedtoachieveanycolor Non-Toxicandcontainnosolvents Cleanupwithsoapandwater
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / g l o s s i e s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
GlossIestm aCrylIC enamel (Cont )
use and Care
Heat-setGlossiesTMwillsoftenwhensoakedinhotwaterorexposedtoheatandreturntoproperhardnessuponcooling Allowtocoolpriortorubbing,cleaningorwettingsurface Heatsetat325F/163Cfor45mins
Handwashinwarmwaterwithmilddishwashingdetergent
Donotplaceextremelyhotpans,etc onbakedGlossiesTM
Notrecommendedforshowerstalltileinstallation Repeatedexposuretohotwaterwilladverselyaffectadhesion
Notrecommendedforheavyuseapplications,suchaskitchencountertops,floors,etc
DonotcleanGlossies(heatsetorair-dried)withscouringcleaners,astheywillabradesurface
Careshouldbetakenifusinggroutin-betweenheatsetGlossiesTMtiles Groutisabrasiveandcanscratchsurface Anon-abrasiveacrylictilegroutisrecommended
Donotuseonflexiblesurfaces
Donotuseinfoodcontactsurfaceapplications
Maybeusedonoutsideofmugs,bowls,etc Donotpaintwithinthetop(20mm)ofdrinkingvessel Maybepaintedonundersideofclearglassdishes
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / b A s i c s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
BasICs Value serIesDevelopedforstudentsandartiststhatneeddependablequalityataneconomicalprice Eachcolorisuniquelyformulatedtobringoutthemaximumbrillianceandclarityoftheindividualpigment Availableintwoformulations,BASICSandBASICSMatt,tofitavarietyofapplicationsandtechniques
attrIButes for all BasICs Value serIes Colors36Colors
ValuePriced
Colorsareuniquelyformulatedtobringoutthemaximumbrillianceandclarityofeachindividualpigment
ColorsareintermixablewithallLiquitexProfessionalGradeColorsandMediums
Allcolorsarenon-toxicandholdtheAPsealfromACMIforsafeeducationaluse
Flip-topcapforquickandeasydispensingandclosing
ContainsthesamebinderasLiquitexProfessionalGradeAcrylics
ContainsalowerpigmentloadthanLiquitexProfessionalGradeAcrylics
BasICs BASICSisaheavybodyacrylicwithabutteryconsistencyforeasyblending Itretainspeaksandbrushmarksandcolorsdrytoasatinfinish,eliminatingsurfaceglare
Greatcoverage
Heavybodyconsistencyallowsforthickoil-likepainting,retainingpeaksandbrushmarks
Colorsdrytoasatinfinish
t e C h n I q u e s a n d a p p l I C at I o n s
Impasto:ThickapplicationswithbrushstrokeandknifemarksTraditionalPaintingoncanvasorpanel,easyblendingExperimentalPaintingCollageandMixedMediaPrintmaking:ScreenPrinting,MonoPrints,BlockPrintsColorTheory/Mixing
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / b A s i c s m A t t
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
BasICs mattBASICSMattisasoftbodyacrylicwithasmoothconsistencyforeasyapplicationandblending Itsfreeflowformulaensuresasmoothapplicationandevenleveling BASICSMattsrichsaturatedcolorsdrytoaflatmattesheenandhavegouache-likepropertiesofexcellentopacity
Flatmattefinish,gouache-likeproperties
Creamy,softbodyconsistencyallowsforeasybrushoutandthinningwithwaterorLiquitexmediums
Highopacityforgreatcoverage
Deep,richsaturatedcolor
Evenleveling,freeflowingformula
Waterresistantwhendry(allowsevendaystofullydry)
t e C h n I q u e s a n d a p p l I C at I o n s
ExperimentalPaintingDecorativePaintingFauxFinishingIllustrationandDesignPrintmaking:ScreenPrinting,MonoPrints,BlockPrintsCollageandMixedMediaColorTheory
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / c h o o s i n g t h e r i g h t c o l o r
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
ChoosInG the rIGht Color: artIsts Color Vs Value serIesthe difference between artists and value series color is simple: Artistscolorsareformulatedtoprovidethebestpossibleperformance,independentofcost AtLiquitex,thebenchmarksforselectingpigments,rawmaterials,andmillingforourartistgradecolorsareclear:chooseandusethebest Makingthefinestpossiblecolorcomesfirst Costissecondary
four reasons that artIst qualIty Colors are Worth the Cost:
1 Finepigmentis,byfar,thegreatestcontributortothecostoffinecolor Asingletubeofartistsqualitycolorcontainsasmuchormorehighlyrefinedpigmentthanmuchlargerbucketsofhousehold-qualitypaint
2 Everysinglepigmentisunique,andeverysinglecolorisformulateddifferently Inarangeof100colors(likeLiquitexHeavyBodyArtistAcrylicColors),thereare100differentformulationstotakefulladvantageofthedistinctcharacteristicsofeachpigment
3 Everycolorisformulatedtoprovidethemoststableandpermanentfilmpossible Housepaints,bycontrast,areformulatedtolastadecadeortwo,atmost Withproperapplication,fineartistcolorsareformulatedtolastgenerationsorcenturies
4 Rawmaterialscomefromallovertheplanet,includingsomeveryobscurelocations Theverybestmaterialscanbemorecostlytoobtain Qualityrawmaterialsproducequalityproductsthatenhancetheexperienceofpainting;thatqualitywillbeapparentintheworkproduced
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / c h o o s i n g t h e r i g h t c o l o r
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
artists Colors Value series Colorspigment load formulated with as much pigment
as is necessary, (usually regardless of cost) to achieve the ideal mixing and working properties.
formulated with sufficient pigment to offer dependable, if not ideal, working properties.
milling milled to achieve thorough and complete dispersion of pigment within the vehicle, regardless of resources required.
milled quickly (where possible), using pigments requiring minimal resources, to offer dependable stability and working properties.
price priced in series, according to pigment. quality of color is more important than cost.
often priced at a single level; sometimes with a second series for genuine cadmiums and cobalts.
true pigment Character formulated to offer ideal qualities of opacity/transparency, color bias, and tinting strength for every color in the range
formulated to offer dependable qualities of opacity/transparency, color bias, tinting strength for a more limited range. hue colors usually offered as an alternative to genuine cadmiums or cobalts.
fillers or extenders minimal use of additives, and only for the purpose of improving viscosity and working properties. extenders used only to bring down excessive tinting strength of colors like those made with phthalocyanine.
fillers or extenders used only when necessary to moderate price. because lower cost pigments are used, good quality student colors required a minimum of fillers.
permanence formulated to offer the best possible lightfastness (depending upon the color) and stability of film.
permanence of many value series colors, when used appropriately, is often quite good. many of the pigments used in the formulation, even though of lower cost, offer superior lightfastness.
spectrum broad and complete spectrum of colors, sometimes in excess of a hundred within a given range. the ideal spectrum is well balanced, and allows the artist an almost infinite array of mixing options.
good value series ranges offer a balanced, while more limited, spectrum.
(Reprinted with Permission from What Every Artist Needs to Know About Paints and Colors, by David Pyle, Krause Publications, 2000)
ValueSeriesColors(likeLiquitexBASICS)areformulatedtoofferdependablestandardsofperformanceatamoreaffordablecost BelowisatableoutliningthekeydifferencesbetweenartistsandValueSeriesColors:
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / A c r y l i c m e d i u m s
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
aCrylIC medIumsInadditiontothewidestarrayofProfessionalandStudentcolors,Liquitexoffersthebroadestpossiblerangeofacrylicmediumstoinspirecreativityateverystageofthepaintingprocess Weunderstandthatmediumsareoftenadifficultconcepttograspuntilyouactuallydiveintothem,sowevetriedtosimplifyusagebyclassifyingproductsinthreedistinctcategories:Prep,Paint,andFinish
prep Surfacepreparationssetthefoundationforstableandpermanentcolorapplicationsbysealingandaddingtoothtoalmostanypaintingsurface Weofferfivedifferenttypesofacrylicgessoestoaccommodatealltypesofwork
paint Withinthepaintingcategory,thereareseveraldifferenttypesofproductsyouwoulduseinadditiontothecoloritself TheyareFluidMediums,GelMediums,Additives,andTextureGels Eachoftheseproductsareexplainedfurtherwithinthisbook Thesepaintingmediumsallowanartisttoadjusttheworkingandopticalpropertiesofthepaintfilmtoaccomplishanastonishingvarietyoftechniquesandapplications
finish Varnishesareappliedoveracompletedpieceofworktochangeorunifythesurfacesheenandprotectthepaintedsurfacefromtheenvironmentandultravioletlight
WhetheryouarePREPingthesurface,PAINTingthemasterpiece,oraddingthecrucialFINISHingtouch,Liquitexoffersthepropermediumtoachieveanydesiredresult ExploreyourpossibilitiesevenfurtherbymixingLiquitexacryliccolorwithanyofourmediums
all liquitex medIums are
Permanent
Phneutralwhendry
Non-yellowing
Waterresistantwhendry
Flexible,non-cracking1
Idealforimprovingadhesion
Formulatedforlong-termdurability
APLabeled2
Manufacturedwiththebestqualityresinsavailable
Developedbyspecializedchemists,withcombined50+yearsofexperience
1 Except Modeling Paste2 Except Soluvar
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essentIal InformatIon aBout usInG aCrylIC medIums
Forbestresults,alwaystestbeforeusing
MixLiquitexMediumsintoacryliccolortoaddflexibility,adhesion,andlong-termstability
Liquitexmediumsextendthevolume,whilemostalsoincreasethetransparencyofacryliccolor
Athinfilm(1/16)ofLiquitexmediummaytakebetween12hourto24hourstoinitiallydry,whileathickerfilm(1/4)maytakebetween25daystoinitiallydry(alwaysdependantonrelativehumidity)
TheuseofPalletteWettingSprayoranair-misterandhumidifierwillslowthedryingtimeofallLiquitexMediums
Avoidanyoily,oilpainted,greasyorwaxysurfaces
Toimproveadhesionwhenpaintingonanyhardorslicksurfacesuchasglass,metal,enamelorhardboard,sandsurfacespriortoapplyinganymedium
Vigorousbrushworkovertexturedareasmaycausebubblestoformwithinthepaintfilm
Donotoverworkduringapplication Ifmediumsarebrushedheavilyduringdrying,itmaycauseclouding Oncethefilmiscloudedanddry,itcannotbeclarifiedorremoved Ifanareaismissed,allowthesurfacetodryandthencoverwithanothercoatofmedium
General defInItIon
LiquitexAcrylicMediumsaremadefrom100%acrylicpolymeremulsionthatwhendryformdurablefilms Theycanbethoughtofascolorlesspaint Theyarethebinder(glue)ofacrylicpaintandhaveexcellentflexibilityandchemical,waterandultravioletradiationresistance
Theyareaddedtoacrylicpainttoalterthepainthandlingcharacteristics,appearanceorvolume,producinganinfinitevarietyofeffects
LiquitexMediumsareavailableindifferentviscositiesandsheens(glossandmatte) Theyareallintermixable
Theycanfunctioninavarietyofapplicationsandtechniques Acombinationofseveralmediumsmaybenecessarytoachieveadesiredeffectorseveralmediumsmaybeusedbythemselvestoachievesimilareffects
the dIfferenCe BetWeen addItIVes and medIumsAnadditiveissomethingthatchangesthechemicalinnerworkingsofthepaintfilm Additivesshouldbeusedsparingly,inonlytheamountneededtogeneratethedesiredeffect Ingeneral,Liquitexrecommendsaddingnomorethan25percentofanyadditivetoyouracrylicpaint
Amediumchangestheworkingpropertiesofthepaint,anditincludesresinbinderforadditionalstability Becausemediumsmaintainorenhancethestabilityofthepaintfilm,theycanbeusedinanyamountyoulike
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prep surfaCe prepSurfacePreparationsareusedtoseal,primeandaddtooth(forcoloradhesion)toallsurfacessuchascanvas,wood,paperandmetal Thissame
preparationisusedforbothacrylicandoilpaint Liquitexprofessionalgessoesusuallytakejustonecoat
all surfaCe prepsFlexible/non-cracking
Donotyellowovertime
Ifusingmorethanonecoat,sandingbetweencoatsisrecommended
AddingLiquitexSoftBodycolortoanygessocreatescustomizedtintsandprimers
Providetheperfecttoothandadhesiontoawidevarietyofsupportssuchascanvas,paperandwood
Useonetotwocoatsforacrylicapplications Usetwotofourcoatsforoilapplications
Gesso Theclassicwhitesealerandgroundforabsorbentsurfaces,suchascanvas,paper,orwood Providesthepropersurfacesizing,toothandabsorbencyforacrylicandoilpaints Onecoatisusuallyenough Traditionalgessoismeanttobeopaquetitaniumwhiteforgoodcoverage
attributes
Traditionalwhitesizeandground
Excellentgroundforacrylicandoilpaint
Canbemixedwithacryliccolortocreateatintedground
Veryopaque
Flexible,non-crackingandnon-yellowingwhendry
Providestheperfecttoothandadhesiontoawidevarietyofsupportssuchascanvas,paperandwood
Excellentbasecoatandprimerformanytechniquesandapplications
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Gesso (Cont ) application
Forcanvas,paper,wood,oranyclean,porous,non-oilysurface
Sizesandprimes,creatingagoodsurfacetoestablishapreliminarydrawingincharcoalorpencil
Useundilutedorthinupto25%withwater
Whenthinningmorethan25%useanequalmixtureofwaterandLiquitexMatteMediumtothingesso
TintcolorwithLiquitexSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColors
note: At Liquitex, we strongly recommend against the use of any house paint as a ground. House paint is formulated to last only a decade or so. Additionally, a low-cost ground that flakes and separates from the painting support will obviously take the artists expressive image with it. On the other hand, fine artists gesso willwith proper application and under the right conditionslast generations.
In addition, house paint is far more absorbent than artists gesso. Too absorbent, in fact, and can seriously undermine the paint film, particularly when painting with oil colors. Artists gesso is formulated to offer the ideal degree of absorbency.
Clear Gesso Averyclearsizeandgroundthatkeepstheworkingsurfacevisible ClearGessoprovidesanidealdegreeoftoothforpastel,oilpastel,graphite,andcharcoalaswellasanexcellentgroundforacrylicandoilpaints Thisgessoisidealforpaintingovercoloredorpatternedsurfacesoroveranunderdrawing Mixwithacryliccolortoestablishatintedtransparent/translucentground Driescleartotranslucentdependingonthickness
attributes
Averyclearsizeandgroundthatkeepsyourworkingsurfacevisible
Idealhightoothforpastel,oilpastel,graphite,andcharcoal
Excellentgroundforacrylicandoilpaint
Mixwithacryliccolortohaveatintedground
Driescleartotranslucentdependingonthickness
Flexible,non-crackingandnon-yellowingwhendry
Providestheperfecttoothandadhesiontoawidevarietyofsupportssuchascanvas,paperandwood
Excellentbasecoatandprimerformanytechniquesandapplications
application
Forcanvas,paper,wood,oranyclean,porous,non-oilysurface
Sizesandprimeswhilemaintainingtheoriginalappearanceofthesupport
Providespaperwithgoodtoothforchalkandoilpasteltechniques
Mixwithaverysmallamountoftransparentortranslucentacryliccolortotintthegroundwhilemaintainingtransparency
Donottooverbrush
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super heaVy Gesso Aninnovative,impasto,titaniumwhitegessohavingtheabilitytoholdsculpturalshape Providesalltheattributesoftraditionalacrylicgesso Idealforthickandsculpturalapplicationwithaknifeorbrush
attributes
Aninnovative,impastoacrylicgessousedtopreparepaintingsurfacesforacrylicandoilpaint
Createthicksculpturalapplications
Mixwithacryliccolortohaveatintedground
Flexible,non-crackingandnon-yellowingwhendry
Providestheperfecttoothandadhesiontoawidevarietyofsupportssuchascanvas,paperandwood
application
Forcanvas,paper,wood,oranyclean,porous,non-oilysurface
TintcolorwithLiquitexSoftBodyArtistAcrylicColors
Usewithknifeorbrush
Donotsand
Colored Gesso Establishesacolorgroundwhileprovidingalltheattributesoftraditionalacrylicgesso Someartistsliketostarttheirworkonacoloredgroundtoreflectthepaintingprocessinadifferentway Onecoatisusuallyenough Aswithtraditionalgesso,coloredgessoesalsogiveopaquesurfacecoverage AvailableinBlackandNeutralGray
attributes
Excellentgroundforacrylicandoilpaint
Non-yellowing
Flexibleandnon-cracking
Providestheperfecttoothandadhesiontoawidevarietyofsupportssuchascanvas,paperandwood
Excellentbasecoatprimerformanyapplicationssuchasmurals
application
Useundilutedorthinupto25%withwater
Whenthinningmorethan25%useanequalmixtureofwaterandLiquitexMatteMediumtothingesso
TintcolorwithLiquitexSoftorHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColors
LiquitexColoredGessoishuebalancedandallcolorsareintermixabletoprovideawidevarietyofcoloredgrounds
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paintDuringthepaintingprocess,thereareseveraldifferenttypesofmediumsyouwoulduseinadditiontothecoloritself FluidMediums,GelMediums,Additives,andTextureGelsallowanartisttoadjusttheworkingandopticalpropertiesofthepaintfilmtoaccomplishanastonishingvarietyoftechniquesandapplications
fluId medIumsFluidMediumsreduceviscosityofheavierpaintsandgels,tendtoself-levelanddonotretainbrushstrokes FluidMediumsmodifyacrylicpaintsinavarietyofwaysandcontainacrylicresinstomaintainorenhanceadhesionanddurability
all fluId medIums
IncreaseFlow
Drytransparentortranslucent
Extendthevolumeofthinpaint
Makeanexcellentarchivaladhesiveforcollage
key attrIButes
Self-leveling,resultingineasierbrushfreesurfaces
MixwithSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColortomaintainpaintviscosity
MixintoHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoreducepaintviscosity
Donotshake,asthiswillcreatefoam Foamcanseverelyaffectthetransparencyofthefilmbycreatingavisualfoggyorhazyquality
palette WettInG sprayAninnovativefluidacrylicresindesignedtoslowthedryingofcolors Sprayontoyourpaletteordirectlyontothesurfaceofapainting Thismediumimprovescolorblendingandcanbeusedtothincolorwhilemaintainingfilmintegrity Userepeatedlytopreventpaintfromskinningover
attributes
Aninnovative,fluidacrylicresindesignedtoslowthedryingofacryliccolors
Allowsyoutokeepyourpalettecolorsfreshlonger,preventingthepaintfromskinningover
Improvescolorblending
Canbeusedtothincolorwhilemaintainingfilmintegrity
Formulatedwithananti-microbialagenttopreventmold
application
Userepeatedlytore-wetpalette
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Gloss medIum & VarnIsh TheworkhorseoftheLiquitexfluidmediumsrange GlossMedium&Varnishisanall-purposemediumthatperformstwofunctions Itcanbeusedasafinal,clearglossvarnishcoatand/orafluidglossmedium Itimprovesadhesionofpaintfilmandincreasescolordepth,intensity,andgloss Excellentfortransferringprintedimages
attributes
Allpurposemedium,formulatedtobemixedintoallLiquitexacrylicpaintsandmediums
Mixintoanyacrylicpainttoenhancethedepthofcolorintensity,increasetransparency,gloss,easeflowofpaintandaddflexibilityandadhesionofpaintfilm
Useasanon-removablevarnishtoprotectpaintingandestablishglosssheensurface
Translucentwhenwet,transparent(clear)whendry
application
AsAnExtender:
MixwithSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolumeandincreasetransparency,whilemaintainingpaintviscosity
MixwithHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolumeandincreasetransparency,whiledecreasingpaintviscosity
AsAFixative:
Useasafixativeoverartwork(acrylicpaint,pastel,graphite,chalk)toincreaseglossorshine Mix1partGlossMedium&Varnishto1partdistilledwater Applywithatomizerorairbrush
AsAGround:
Useastransparentgroundforacrylicpaintinsteadofgesso Allowssubstratetobeseen TopreventSubstrateInducedDiscoloration(SID)washcottonorlinencanvasbeforeuse
sId definition: Whenusedasasizeovercotton,linenandhardboard,acrylicmediumsdrawsubstancesoutofthesupportastheydryandcontinueovertime Discolorationcanoccurinareasthatareleftunpainted
WithPowderedPigments:
Useasabinderwithpowderedpigmentstomakeaninexpensivestudentgrade(softbody)glosspaint Pigmentsmustbecompatiblewithacrylicemulsion
AsAGlue:
Usewhencollagingwithnewspapersandlightweightmaterials
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GlaZInG medIum Usewhenmaximumtransparencyisrequiredtoaddluminosityanddepthtoyourpaintings Thisfluidmediumcanbeusedtocreatebrilliantglazeswhenmixedwithtransparentcolor GlazingMediumdriesquicklyforrapidlayeringandtendstominimizeoreliminatebrushstrokes MixwithSlow-DriBlendingMediumorSlow-DriFluidRetardertoextendtheworkingtime
attributes
Forcreatingbrilliantjewellikeglazeswithacrylicartistcolors
Excellentbrushingandlevelingqualities
Driesquicklyforrapidlayering
Smallquantitiesofcolorprovidethemosttransparency
Worksbestwithtransparentortranslucentcolors
Flexible,non-yellowingandwaterresistantwhendry
applications
Mixwithanyamountofacryliccolor
Applytodry,paintedareastochangecolorationwithoutlosingestablisheddetail
Underlayermustbethoroughlydrybeforeapplyingthenextcoat
Thoroughlymixasmallamountofcolorintothemediumandthecolorwilllighten Asthemediumdriesitwillbecometransparentandthecolorwilldarken,appearingasathin,transparentversionoftheoriginalcolor
matte medIum Aclassicmediumusedtogivefluiditytodelicatebrushworkortoactasalowsheenadhesiveforcollage Thismediumhasacreamyconsistencyandisgreatwithopaquecolors MixwithGlossMedium&Varnishtocreateacustomizedsatineffect
attributes
Createsamatteordull,non-reflectingfinishwhenaddedtoacryliccolors
Mixintoanyacrylicpainttoincreasetransparencyandextendcolor,increasematte,increasefilmintegrity,easeflowofpaintandaddflexibilityandadhesionofpaintfilm
MixwithGlossMedium&Varnishtoproduceasemi-glossorsatinmedium
Opaquewhenwet,translucentwhendry
application
AsAnExtender:
MixwithSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolumeandincreasetranslucency,whilemaintainingcolorviscosity MixwithHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolumeandincreasetranslucency,whiledecreasingcolorviscosity
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matte medIum (cont )
application
AsAFixative:
Useasafixativeoverartwork(acrylicpaint,pastel,graphite,chalk)todecreaseglossorshine Mix1partMatteMediumto1partdistilledwaterandapplywithatomizerorairbrush
AsAGround:
Recommendedfluidmediumtouseasatransparentground(size)foracrylicpaint,withexcellenttoothandadhesion Thiswillallowthecolorandtextureofthesupporttoshowthrough Canbeusedasasubstituteforthehidegluesizetraditionallyusedforoilpaintings
TopreventSubstrateInducedDiscoloration(SID),washcottonorlinencanvasbeforeuse
sId definition: Whenusedasasizeovercotton,linenandhardboard,acrylicmediumsdrawsubstancesoutofthesupportastheydryandcontinueovertime Discolorationcanoccurinareasthatareleftunpainted
ExteriorMurals:Ifthesupportorwallissomewhatsmooth,acoatofMatteMediumshouldbebrushedortwocoatssprayedontothesurfaceontothesurfacepriortoapplyinggesso
AsAGlue:
Usewhencollagingwithnewspapersandlightweightmaterials
ultra matte medIum Anextremelymatte,fluidmedium UltraMatteMediumcanbeusedtomaintainopacityandwillextendanopaquecolortodoubleamountswithoutchangingthenatureofthecolor Idealforlargeprojectswheretransparencyisnotdesired Driestoadeadmattefinishwithabsolutelynolevelofsheen
attributes
ColorsmixedwithUltraMatteMediumdrytoadeadmattefinish
Increasesthevolumeofpaint,whilemaintainingtheopacityofthecoloritismixedinto
EconomicallydoublesthevolumeofSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColorwithlittleornonoticeablelossincolorintensity,opacityorchangeinhue
OpacityofcolorsmixedwithUltraMatteMediumwillbehigherthanifthecolorhadbeenthinnedtothesamedegreewithanyothermediumexceptModelingPaste
Thedegreetowhichthecolorcanbeextendedwillvaryamongthedifferentpigments
Whenover50%isadded,UltraMatteMediumcanactasaweaktintingwhite,increasingthevalueoftheoriginalcolorapproximatelyonelevel Lightcolorswillbeaffectedlessthandarkcolors
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ultra matte medIum (cont )
application
Gouache:
MixwithopaqueSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColorforamattefinishandgouache(opaquewatercolor)look
Thesegouachecolorsarewaterresistant,flexible,lightfastandpermanentwhendry Traditionalgouachecolorsarenotandaresusceptibletoaccidentalre-wettingandmustbewellprotectedwhenfinished
Murals:
MixintoSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColorforunderpaintingofmuralstoeconomicallydoublethevolumeofpaint FortoplayersuseLightfastnessIcolorswithoutUltraMatteMedium
Runningoutofcolorduringpainting:
UsewhenrunningoutofaSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColormixturewhilepainting Whenyouhavereachedthehalfwaypointofpaintingaspecificarea,determineifyouhaveenoughpainttofinish Ifnot,addanequalamountofUltraMatteMediumtothecolor Thecolorandopacitywillbeunchanged,butthevolumewillbedoubledenablingyoutofinishpaintingwithoutre-mixing
Underpainting:
MixintoSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColorduringinitialunderpainting,todoubleamountofcolor SoftBodyProfessionalArtistColorhasthreetimesthecoverageofHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColor
sloW-drI BlendInG medIum Anessentialmediumforcreatingsofteredgesandmodeledforms Thismediumisusedtoextendtheopentimeofacrylicsbymorethan40%,givingyouanopportunitytoreallyworkthepainttoenhancecolorblending Youcanaddanyamountofthismedium,asitcontainsbindertoretaintheintegrityofthepaintfilm,unliketheadditivesversion
attributes
Auniqueformulationthatextendsdryingtimeupto40%forsuperiorsurfaceblendingwithacrylics
AddsflowtoHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColorandissimilarinbodytoSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColor
Mixanyamountintocolortoenhancethedepthofcolorintensity,increasetransparency,gloss,easeflowofpaint,andaddflexibilityandadhesiontopaintfilm
Driescleartorevealfull,richcolor
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sloW-drI BlendInG medIum (cont )
attributes
Unlikeretardingadditives,anyamountmaybeaddedtocolorwithoutjeopardizingthestrengthofthepaintfilm
Translucentwhenwet,transparentwhendry
Flexible,non-yellowingandwaterresistantwhendry
application
Formulaisdesignedtobeusedintechniqueswhereslowerdryingcharacteristicsaredesired MayalsobeusedinmanyoftheconventionaltechniquesforaGlossMediumsuchas:airbrushing,brushwork,glazing,collage,andmurals
application possibilities as a medium
AsanExtender
MixwithSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColortolengthendryingtime,extendvolume,andincreasetransparencywhilemaintainingpaintviscosityandflow
MixwithHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoslowdryingtime,extendvolume,andincreasetransparencywhilethinningthepaint
AsaFixative
Useasafixativeoverartwork(acrylicpaint,pastels,graphite,chalk)toincreaseglossorshine Increaseddryingtimeallowsforworkingthemediaonthesurfacepriortofinalfixing Useanatomizerorairbrushfilledwithamixtureofonepartmedium,onepartwater
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Gel medIumsOntheoppositeendofthespectrumfromFluidMediums,GelMediumsaddbodytothinnerpaintforimpastotechniquesaswellasextendingcolorvolumeandaddingtransparency Gelsmediumscanalsoaddopentimeastheytend
todryslowerthanthinnerpaintfilms Ingeneral,thethickerthelayerofacrylicpaint,thelongerthepaintfilmtakestodry Thesemediumsalsomodifyacrylicpaintsinavarietyofwaysand,sincetheycontainacrylicresins,tendtoimproveadhesionanddurability
all Gel medIums
AddBody
Increaseopentime
Drytransparentortranslucent
Extendthevolumeofpaint
Holdbrushorknifemarks
Makeanexcellentarchivaladhesiveforcollage
General attributes
Heavy-bodiedmediums,formulatedtomaintainthreedimensionalpeaksandmarks,buildsurfaces,extendpaintvolume,extenddryingtimeandachievevariousdegreesoftransparencyandsheen
MixintoSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColortoincreasepaintthickness
MixintoHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColor,tomaintainorincreasepaintthickness
Producefilmsofvaryingthickness,sheensandvisualeffects
Inthewetstate,mediumsappearmilky,butdrytransparenttotranslucent(unlessnoted) Awetmedium/paintmixturewillbelighterincolorthanthedriedmedium/paintmixture
Thethickertheapplicationthemoreopaquethefinalfilmwillbe
AllGelscanbeusedasabinderforpowderedpigments,additivessuchassand,sawdust,etc Overloadingmediumswithtexturingmaterialscancausebrittleness
AllGelsareexcellentgluesforattachingheavyobjectstoasurface
Mixanygelsintoacrylicpainttoincreaseworking(open)time
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Gloss Gel Excellentforretainingbrushmarkswhileslowingthedryingtimeandaddingbodytothepaint Mixwithtransparentcolorsforimpastoglazesofgreatdepthandbrilliance Excellentfortransferringprintedimages
attributes
Driestoaglossfinish
ViscosityandbodysimilartoHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColor
Translucentwhenwet,transparent(clear)totranslucentwhendry Thickerapplicationsresultinlesstransparentdrymediumfilms
IdealmediumtomixwithHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendpaint,increasethebrillianceandtransparencyofcolor,withoutchangingthethicknessofthepaint
MixwithHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoobtainpaintsimilarincolordepthtooilpaint
application
AsAnExtender:
MixwithHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolumeandincreasetransparency,whilemaintainingpaintviscosity
MixwithSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolumeandincreasetransparency,whileincreasingpaintviscosity
AsAGround:
Useastransparentgroundforacrylicpaint,insteadofgesso Allowssubstratetobeseen TopreventSubstrateInducedDiscoloration(SID)washcottonorlinencanvasbeforeuse
sId definition: Whenusedasasizeovercotton,linenandhardboard,acrylicmediumsdrawsubstancesoutofthesupportastheydryandcontinueovertime Discolorationcanoccurinareasthatareleftunpainted
WhenapplyingGlossGelMediumtocanvas,useadequatepressuretoforcethemediumintothecanvasweavetoinsureproperbondingbetweenthegelandcanvas
PowderedPigments:
Useasthebinderforpowderedpigmentstomakeaninexpensivestudentgradeheavybody(thick)glosspaint Pigmentsmustbecompatiblewithacrylicemulsion
Gloss heaVy Gel Averythickgelmediumthatextendsworkingtimeandincreasesbrillianceandtransparency Mixwithacrylicpainttoincreasebodyandattainoilpaintlikeconsistencythatholdsbrushorpaletteknifemarks
attributes
Extraheavybodymediumofgreatdensitywhichdriestotranslucentglossfinish
Mixwithacrylicpainttoincreasebody,density,viscosityandattainoilpaintlikeconsistencywithbrushorpaletteknifemarks
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Gloss heaVy Gel (cont )
attributes
Extendspaintwhileincreasingbrillianceandtransparency
Keepspaintworkablelongerthanothergelmediums
application
AsAnExtender:
MixwithSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColorandHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolume,increasetransparencyandincreasecolorviscosity
AsAGround:
RefertoGlossGelformoredetailedinformation WithPowderedPigments:
Useasthebinderforpowderedpigmentstomakeaninexpensivestudentgradeextraheavybody(thick)glosspaint Pigmentsmustbecompatiblewithacrylicemulsion
Gloss super heaVy Gel Asuperthickgelwithhighsurfacedragusedtocreateastiffoil-likefeel Idealforcreatinghighpeaksandsculpturalapplicationsthatholdshapewhendry,withminimalshrinkage Thismediumkeepspaintworkablelongerthanmostothergelmediums
attributes
Extremelythick,extraheavybody Thethickestcleargel
Driescleartotranslucentdependingonthicknessoftheapplication
Verylittleshrinkageduringdryingtime
Excellentadhesionforcollageandmixedmedia
Extendspaint,increasesbrillianceandtransparency
Flexible,non-yellowingandwaterresistantwhendry
application
AsaHeavyBodiedExtender
MixwithSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColororHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoincreasecolorviscosity,body,extendvolume,increasetransparencyandcolorbrilliance
AsAGround
Whencreatingasculpturalground,besuretouseadequatepressuretoforcethegelintotherawcanvastoinsureproperbonding Applypaintoverthegelafterthegelisdry
Collage:
Makesanexcellentglueforcollageanddecoupage
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / m e d i u m s / g e l
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
Gloss super heaVy Gel (cont )
application
WithPowderedPigmentsandotherAggregates
Becarefulnottoincludesomanyforeignmaterialsastojeopardizethestrengthofthepaintfilm Besuretheyarecompatiblewithacrylicemulsion
Useasthebinderforpowderedpigmentstomakeaninexpensivestudentgradesuperheavybody(thick)glosspaint Pigmentsmustbecompatiblewithacrylicemulsion
matte Gel Athickgelthatimpartsatranslucentmattesheenwhendry Idealforcreatingcollageswithheavierobjects CombinewithGlossGeltocreateacustomizedsatinfinish
attributes
SamequalitiesasGlossGelMedium,exceptdriestomattefinish
ViscosityandbodysimilartoHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColor
MatteGelMediumhasgreateradhesionthanGlossGelMediumandGlossHeavyGelMedium
application
AsAnExtender
MixwithHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolumeandincreasetranslucency,whilemaintainingpaintviscosity
MixwithSoftBodyProfessionalArtistColortoextendvolumeandincreasetranslucency,whileincreasingpaintviscosity
AsAGround
Recommendedthickmediumtouseasatranslucentground(size)foracrylicpaint,withexcellenttoothandadhesion Willallowsomecolorandtextureofthesupporttoshowthrough Useasasubstituteforthehidegluesizetraditionallyusedforoilpaintings
TopreventSubstrateInducedDiscoloration(SID),washcottonorlinencanvasbeforeuse
sId definition: Whenusedasasizeovercotton,linenandhardboard,acrylicmediumsdrawsubstancesoutofthesupportastheydryandcontinueovertime Discolorationcanoccurinareasthatareleftunpainted
ExteriorMurals:Ifthesupportorwallisveryrough,acoatofMatteGelMediumshouldbebrushedortroweledontothesurfacepriortogessoapplication
ForImpastoEffects
MixwithLiquitexHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColorforimpastoeffectsthatdrytoamattesheen
WithPowderedPigments
Useasthebinderforpowderedpigmentstomakeaninexpensivestudentgradeheavybody(thick)mattepaint Pigmentsmustbecompatiblewithacrylicemulsion
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / m e d i u m s / g e l
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
matte super heaVy Gel Asuperthickgelwhichretainshigh-peaksandcrispbrushandknifestrokeswithverylittleshrinkage Thismediumkeepspaintworkablelongerthanmostothergelmediumsanddriestoatranslucentmattefinish
attributes
Extremelythick,extraHeavyBody
Heavybodied,verydense,withhighsurfacedragforastiffoil-likefeel
Driestoatranslucentmattefinishdependingonthicknessoftheapplication
Verylittleshrinkageduringdryingtime
Excellentadhesionforcollageandmixedmedia
Extendspaint
Flexible,non-yellowingandwaterresistantwhendry
application
AsAGround
Whencreatingasculpturalground,besuretouseadequatepressuretoforcethegelintotherawcanvastoinsureproperbonding Applypaintoverthegelafterthegelisdry
Collage
Makesanexcellentglueforcollageanddecoupage WithAggregates
Becarefulnottoincludesomanyforeignmaterialsastojeopardizethestrengthofthepaintfilm Besuretheyarecompatiblewithacrylicemulsion
ultra matte Gel Agelwithhighresinsolidsthatmaintainscoloropacityandextendspainttodoubleamountswithoutchangingcolorposition Thisproductismeanttobeusedwithopaquecolorswheretransparencyisnotdesired Driestoadeadmattefinishwithabsolutelynolevelofsheen
attributes
Atranslucentwhitegelofhighdensityandhighsolids,thateconomicallyextendsthevolumeofHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColorwithoutchangingitsthickness
Addupto50%byvolume,todoubleamountofpaintandretaincolorposition
Ifmorethan50%isadded,itactsasaveryweaktintingwhite
Maintainstheopacityofthecolorbetterthanusingacleargelmedium
Driestoadeadmattefinish,givingcolorsagouachelook
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c h A p t e r 3 : l i q u i t e x p r o d u c t s / m e d i u m s / g e l
l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o kl i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k l i q u i t e x / t h e A c r y l i c b o o k
ultra matte Gel (cont )
application
Runningoutofcolorduringpainting:
UsewhenrunningoutofamixedHeavyBodyProfessionalArtistColorwhilepainting Whenyouhavereachedthehalfwaypointofpaintingthespecificarea,determineifyouhaveenoughpainttofinish Ifnot,addanequalamountofUltraMatteGeltothecolor Thecolorandopacitywillbeunchanged,butthevolumewillbedoubledenablingyoutofinishpaintingwithoutre-mixing
Underpainting:
MixintoHeavyBo