ACMSurveyonPhDProductioninIndiaforComputerScienceandInformationTechnology2014–2015SachinParkhiandGautamShroffTataConsultancyServicesThepurposeofthisstudyistocollectreasonablyreliabledataonPhDproductioninCSinIndia,andthenuseittoidentifyusefultrends.ThisexercisewasmotivatedbytheTaulbeereportintheUS,andDrGautamShroff,VicePresidentandChiefScientist,TataConsultancyServiceshasbeenleadingthisyear’ssurvey.Basedontheinputsandexperiencefromthesurveyconductedinlastcoupleofyears,thesurveyandreportforacademicyear2014-15hasbeenincorporated.InstitutesIncludedLastyear,thestudyattemptedtoincludeallinstitutionswhichhaveaPhDprograminCS/IT.Alistof2507institutesfromalloverIndiawasobtainedfromAICTE.Accordingtothedataavailable

onthewebsites,oftheseinstitutes,73institutesstatedthattheyhaveaPhDinCSorIT.Weadded

tothese,otherinstitutions(IITs,NITs,etc.)whichareknowntobegrantingPhDsincomputerscience

–inputsforthiswastakenfromvariousresearchersandfacultyandfromthepreviousstudy.

AdditionalinstituteswereobtainedfromthepartnerinstitutestoTCSResearchScholarProgram.

Thisgaveatotalof145instituteswhichclaimstohaveaPhDprogramandwhichcouldbeincluded

inthisstudy.ThislistofinstitutionsisgiveninAppendixH.DataCollectionAnonlineformwascreated,andsenttotheHeadofDepartment(CSE/IT)andtheDirectoroftheinstitutes.Theformaskedforinformationon:thenumberofPhDfaculty,numberofnon-PhDfaculty,totalnumberofPhDstudentsenrolledandthetotalnumberofPhDsgraduatedlastyearwhogottheirdegree.TheformalsoaskedforthestipendthatwaspaidtothePhDstudentsandthemajorproblemsthattheinstitutesfacewithregardtothePhDprogramme.Remindersweresent,andtheinstitutionswereinformedthatiftheyfailedtorespond,thedataofstudentspursuingPhDfromthoseinstitutescannotbecaptured.Wegotresponsesfrom35institutesthroughonlinesurvey.Weassumethattheotherinstitutions(i.e.whichdidnotrespondandforwhichwecouldnotfindrelevantdata)don’thaveanactivePhDprogram,oriftheydo,itistoosmalltobeofanysignificantimpact.Forthisyear’sreport,wehavegroupedtheinstitutionsasfollows:

• Group1: Institutionswhichprovidedthedataaboutnumberoffaculty,PhDsenrolled,andPhDsawarded.(33)

• Group2:Instituteswhichprovideddatalasttimebutdidnotdosoforthisyear’sreport.(18)

• Group3:Institutionswhichdidnotsubmitthefilledform,butthenumberoffaculty,andthetotalnumberofPhDsenrolledwasavailableontheirwebsite.(6)

• Group4:Institutionswhichdidnotsubmittheformandwecouldnotfindinformation

aboutthePhDstudentsenrolledontheirwebsites,butobtainedinformationaboutthe

numberoffaculty.(24)Forgroup2,wetookthedatafromlastyear’sstudy–assumingthatitwouldnothave

changedsignificantlythisyear.AnalysisPhDProductionThenumberofstudentswhocompletedtheirPhDfromAugust2014toJuly2015Group1institutes:139Group2institutes(estimated):43Group3institutes(estimated):25Group4institutes(estimated):56TobetterunderstandwherethesePhDsarebeingproduced,wedividetheinstitutionsintwocategories:thosethathave80%ormorefacultywithPhDs,andothers.Presumablythefirstcategoryrepresentsthemoreresearch-focusedinstitutions,whilethesecondcategoryislikelytobethemoreteaching-focusedinstitutions.Thereare41institutionsinthefirstcategory(ListoftheseinstitutionsandtheirdataidsgiveninAppendixE),and39institutionsinthesecondcategory(AppendixF).Withthisclassification,wehavethefollowingforPhDproduction:

• Research-focusedinstitutesproducedatotalof174PhDsandotherinstitutionsproduced89.

ThetotalnumberofPhDsproducedlastyearfromallinstitutionsis263.BasedonthedetaileddataprovidedbyGroup1institutions,wecansay:

• OfthetotalPhDsproduced,76%weremaleand24%werefemales.Lookingatthestatistics,thenumberofstudentswhoareenrolled:Group1:1881Group2:497Group3:287Group4Estimated:574Foralltheinstitutes,thetotaladdsupto3239.Andforgroup1andgroup2is2378.Outofwhich,thetotalnumberofparttimestudentsdoingPhDsininstitutesbelongingtoGroup1is400andthatofGroup2is194.Usingthistotal,wecanestimatethenumberofPhDslikelytobeproducedinthecountryinthe

comingyears.Weassumethat90%ofthesestudentswillgraduateoverthenextfiveyears.Ifwe

expectthatthesegraduationswillbespreadacross5yearswithapproximatelyuniformdistribution,

thenumberofPhDsgraduatingwillcometoaround580peryearforthecomingfiveyears.Since

weknowthattheenrolmentinPhDprogramshasbeenincreasingoverthepastfewyears,wecan

expecttheincreasetobegradual.Weassumethattheincreaseinfirstyearisx,in2ndyearis2x…

andin5thyearitis5x.Withthis,wecanestimatethatthenumberofPhDsgraduatingwillgradually

increasetoabout605peryearinabout5yearsamongallinstitutions,andabout450peryearfrom

institutionsingroup1and2.

Overall,keepinginmindthelikelihoodofoverestimationforinstitutionsingroup2and3,wecan

saythatthePhDproductionintheAcademicYear2014-15wasaround263,andthatPhD

productionislikelytogrowgraduallytoabout450peryearinabout5years.AreasofResearchInthissectionweanalysetheareasofresearchchosenbythestudentswhocompletedtheirthesisin

2014-2015.Ascanbeseenfromfig1,themostpopularareaofresearchisInformationAssurance/Security.Database/InformationRetrieval,NetworksandArtificialIntelligencearefieldswhicharealsopopularasaresearchinterestamongPhDstudents.(Thisdataisonlyfrominstitutesingroup1whofilledtheonlineform.)

Fig1:AreaofresearchchosenbystudentswhocompletedtheirPhDin2014-2015Comparingthiswithlastyear’sresponse,weobserveanincreaseininterestforInformation

Assurance/Security,TheoryandAlgorithmandArtificialIntelligence.

NumberofScholarsVsResearchAreas

EmploymentStatisticsBasedonthedataprovidedbyinstitutesofgroup1,themostpopularchoiceofemploymentafter

completingPhDisteachinginIndia.

Fig2:TheemploymentoptionschosenbystudentswhocompletedtheirPhDin2014-2015.Stipend/CompensationgiventoPhDstudentsBasedonthedataprovidedby33institutesaboutthestipendpaidtoaPhDstudent,wecansay:Thehighestsalarygiven:Rs.34,500Thelowestsalarygiven:Rs.15,000Averagesalaryastudentcanexpectis:Rs.24,000Issues/ChallengesfacedbythePhDprogramTheonlineformhadanopenquestionforinstitutestolistdowntheissuestheyfacewiththePhDprogram.Theresponsethatwegotcanbebroadlycategorizedintothefollowing:

• AttractinggoodstudentstopursuePhD• ShortageofFaculty• FinancialSupport• InfrastructuralSupport• Lackoftieupsintheindustryandotherinstitutions

FacultyForthe81institutescoveredinthestudy,thetotalnumberoffacultywithPhDis1114andthe

ResearchLab-India

PostDoc-Abroad

Teaching-India

NonResearchJob

Teaching-Abroad

PostDoc-India

Entrepreneur ResearchLab-Abroad

ResearchScholarsVsEmploymentOptions

averagefaultywithPhDintheCSE/ITdepartmentofaninstituteis14.References1.CRATaulbeeSurvey.http://cra.org/resources/taulbee/AcknowledgementsIwouldliketothankSachinParkhiforhishelpinconductingthestudyandpreparingthereport.Iwouldalsoliketothankalltheinstitutionswhoprovideddatabyeitherfillingtheformorbysendingdataoveremail.

Appendix

A. Group1institutes:ProvidedData

InstitutePhDFaculty

NonPhDFaculty

PhDGraduatesMales

PhDGraduatesFemales

TotalPhDGraduates

FacultyfromPhDStudents

PhDStudentsEnrolled

PartTimePhDStudentsEnrolled

IITMadras 27 0 5 4 9 0 92 12

NITWarangal 14 1 6 0 6 0 21 3

DAIICT 37 0 4 0 4 0 22 4BMSBangalore 7 23 0 0 0 0 26 23

NITSurathkal 5 11 2 1 3 2 17 4IITBhubaneshwar 3 0 0 0 0

DataNotProvided 4 0

JadavpurUniversity 32 4 7 1 8 0 92 57MNNITAllahabad 12 9 8 3 11 3 57 17

IITRopar 7 0 1 0 1 0 13 0

NITTrichy 11 4 2 2 4 3 43 16

BITSPilani 23 8 3 1 4 1 13 0AmritaUniversity 7 27 0 0 0 0 37 22

ISIKolkata 50 0 6 2 8 0 48 0IITGandhinagar 8 0 0 0 0 0 9 0

NITMeghalaya 5 7 0 0 0 0 10 1SirM.VisvesvarayaInstituteofTechnology 2 20 0 1 1 1 13 13

IITIndore 9 0 2 1 3 0 30 0DelhiUniversity(MainCampus) 5 1 1 5 6

DataNotProvided 47 0

JIITNoida 29 64 1 1 2 2 59 51

IIITHyderabad 50 3 9 0 9 0 119 42

IIITBangalore 13 0 5 2 7 0 64 32

IIITAllahabad 24 0 7 1 8 0 58 0UniversityofHyderabad 23 3 5 2 7 2 75 18

IITPatna 13 0 3 0 3 0 45 4

IITDelhi 31 0 3 0 3 0 47 8ChennaiMathematicalInstitute 12 0 3 0 3 0 19 5

IITBombay 42 0 10 2 12 0 112 47

IITMandi 8 0 0 0 0 0 15 1IndianInstituteofScienceBangalore 31 0 7 2 9 0 89 13InstituteofMathematicalSciencesChennai 9 0 3 0 3 0 25 0

IIITDelhi 39 0 2 1 3 0 108 0

IITHyderabad 14 0 2 0 2 0 44 3AhmedabadUniversity,InstituteofEngineeringandTechnology(IET) 16 3 0 0 0 0 8 4

Total 618 188 107 32 139 14 1481 400

B.Group2institutes:Provideddataforlastyear’sreport

Institute PhDFaculty

NonPhDFaculty

TotalPhDGraduates

TotalnumberofPhDstudents

enrolledNationalInstituteofTechnologyCalicut 10 11 3 35VishwakarmaInstituteofInformationTechnology 3 44 3 0

UniversityInstituteofEngineeringandTechnology 9 16 0 7BHU 6 1 7 19Dr.BabasahebAmbedkarTechnologicalUniversityInstituteofPetrochemicalEngineering 0 4 0 NotProvidedIndianInstituteofTechnologyKanpur 27 0 NotProvided NotProvidedSymbiosisInstituteofTechnology 2 20 0 6IITB-MonashResearchAcademy 10 0 3 137NationalInstitutionofTechnicalTeachers’TrainingandResearch 2 3 1 13NationalInstituteofTechnologyRaipur 2 5 1 9NationalInstituteofTechnologyGoa 9 0 0 2IndianInstituteofTechnologyGuwahati 27 0 4 58NationalInstituteofTechnologyBhopal 11 8 4 45SrideviInstitute 2 24 NotProvided NotProvided

SchoolofComputerSciences,MahatmaGandhiUniversity 1 9 5 52ThaparUniversity 20 10 12 80

DonBoscoCollegeofEngineeringandTechnology 2 17 0 12MumbaiUniversity 1 1 0 22Total 144 173 43 497

C.Group3institutes:PhDfacultyandstudentsenrolleddatafoundonwebsite

NameofInstitute PhDFacultyNonPhDFaculty

PhDGraduates(14-15)(Estimated) TotalEnrolled

IITRajasthan 8 0 2 16AnnaUniversity 23 22 5 116TIFR 14 0 3 17IITRoorki 12 0 3 40DepartmentofStudiesinComputerScience,ManasaGangothri,UniversityOfMysore 8 1 2 28IITKharagpur 37 0 10 70TOTAL 102 23 25 287

D.Group4institutes:OnlyPhDfacultydataavailableonwebsite

NameoftheInstitutePhD

FacultyNonPhDFaculty

PhDGraduates(13-14)(Estimated)

TotalEnrolled(Estimated)

IndianSchoolofMines,Dhanbad

10 0 2 20

JNU 21 0 4 40UniversityofPune 1 9 0 2BITMesra 21 9 5 50Gitam 43 10 10 100CollegeofTechnologyandEngineeringUdaipur

2 13 110

CollegeofEngineeringPune

8 22 220

JamiaMiliaIslamia

4 7 110

NITAgartala 1 23 0 2NITDurgapur 9 3 2 20NITSilchar 5 16 1 10PSGCollegeofTechnology 6 27 1 10ThiagrajarCollegeofEngineering

9 19 220

NITBhopal 11 2 2 20InstituteOfEngineeringJiwajiUniversity,Gwalior 2 0

110

GovernmentCollegeofTechnology,Coimabtore 6 11

120

AndhraUniversityCollegeofEngineering 21 2

550

DepartmentofComputerScienceandApplications,KurukshetraUniversity 10 1

220

PunjabEngineeringCollege 7 11

220

SJBInstituteofTechnology 10 38 2 20SNSCollegeofTechnology 19 26 5 50SonaCollegeofTechnology 10 12

220

VeerSurendraSaiUniversityofTechnology,Burla 10 14

220

SJCE 4 10 1 10Total 250 285 56 574

E.Research-focusedinstitutes:80%ormorePhDfaculty

InstitutePhDFaculty

NonPhDFaculty

TotalPhDGraduates

TotalEnrolled

IITMadras 27 0 9 104DAIICT 37 0 4 26IITBhubaneshwar 3 0 0 4IITRopar 7 0 1 13ISIKolkata 50 0 8 48IITGandhinagar 8 0 0 9IITIndore 9 0 3 30IIITBangalore 13 0 7 96IIITAllahabad 24 0 8 58IITPatna 13 0 3 49IITDelhi 31 0 3 55ChennaiMathematicalInstitute 12 0 3 24IITBombay 42 0 12 159IITMandi 8 0 0 16IndianInstituteofScienceBangalore 31 0 9 102InstituteofMathematicalSciencesChennai 9 0 3 25IIITDelhi 39 0 3 108IITHyderabad 14 0 2 47IIITHyderabad 50 3 9 161NITWarangal 14 1 6 24JadavpurUniversity 32 4 8 149UniversityofHyderabad 23 3 7 93AhmedabadUniversity,InstituteofEngineeringandTechnology(IET) 16 3 0 12

DelhiUniversity(MainCampus) 5 1 6 47IndianInstituteofTechnologyKanpur 27 0 NotProvided

NotProvided

IITB-MonashResearchAcademy 10 0 3 137NationalInstituteofTechnologyGoa 9 0 0 2IndianInstituteofTechnologyGuwahati 27 0 4 58BHU 6 1 7 19IITRajasthan 8 0 2 16TIFR 14 0 3 17IITRoorki 12 0 3 40IITKharagpur 37 0 10 70DepartmentofStudiesinComputerScience,ManasaGangothri,UniversityOfMysore 8 1 2 28IndianSchoolofMines,Dhanbad 10 0 2 20JNU 21 0 4 40InstituteOfEngineeringJiwajiUniversity,Gwalior 2 0 1 10AndhraUniversityCollegeofEngineering 21 2 5 50DepartmentofComputerScienceandApplications,KurukshetraUniversity 10 1 2 20NITBhopal 11 2 2 20GITAM 43 10 10 100Total 793 32 174 2106

F.Institutionswithlessthan80%PhDFaculty

InstitutePhD

FacultyNonPhDFaculty

TotalPhDGraduates

TotalEnrolled

BITSPilani 23 8 4 13NITTrichy 11 4 4 59MNNITAllahabad 12 9 11 74NITMeghalaya 5 7 0 11NITSurathkal 5 11 3 21JIITNoida 29 64 2 110BMSBangalore 7 23 0 49AmritaUniversity 7 27 0 59

SirM.VisvesvarayaInstituteofTechnology 2 20 1 26NationalInstituteofTechnologyBhopal 11 8 4 45MumbaiUniversity 1 1 0 22NationalInstituteofTechnologyCalicut 10 11 3 35NationalInstitutionofTechnicalTeachers’TrainingandResearch 2 3 1 13UniversityInstituteofEngineeringandTechnology 9 16 0 7NationalInstituteofTechnologyRaipur 2 5 1 9DonBoscoCollegeofEngineeringandTechnology 2 17 0 12SchoolofComputerSciences,MahatmaGandhiUniversity 1 9 5 52SymbiosisInstituteofTechnology 2 20 0 6

SrideviInstitute 2 24 NotProvidedNot

ProvidedVishwakarmaInstituteofInformationTechnology 3 44 3 0

Dr.BabasahebAmbedkarTechnologicalUniversityInstituteofPetrochemicalEngineering 0 4 0

NotProvided

AnnaUniversity 23 22 5 116NITDurgapur 9 3 2 20BITMesra 21 9 5 50SonaCollegeofTechnology 10 12 2 20SNSCollegeofTechnology 19 26 5 50VeerSurendraSaiUniversityofTechnology,Burla 10 14 2 20PunjabEngineeringCollege 7 11 2 20JamiaMiliaIslamia 4 7 1 10GovernmentCollegeofTechnology,Coimabtore 6 11 1 20ThiagrajarCollegeofEngineering 9 19 2 20SJCE 4 10 1 10CollegeofEngineeringPune 8 22 2 20NITSilchar 5 16 1 10SJBInstituteofTechnology 10 38 2 20PSGCollegeofTechnology 6 27 1 10CollegeofTechnologyandEngineeringUdaipur 2 13 1 10UniversityofPune 1 9 0 2NITAgartala 1 23 0 2

Total 301 627 77 1053

H.Allinstitutesincludedinthestudy

NameofInstituteAITTechnicalCampusAkshayaCollegeofEngineeringandTechnologyAligarhMuslimUniversityAmitySchoolofEngineeringandTechnologyAmritaUniversityAndhraUniversityCollegeofEngineeringAnnaUniversityAsianSchoolofTechnologyAurangabadCollegeofEngineeringAvinashilingamDeemedUniversityforWomenBHUITBengalScienceandEngineeringUniversityBITSPilaniBITSMesraBapujiInstituteofEngineeringandTechnologyBengalEngineeringandScienceUniversity,ShibpurChennaiMathematicalInstituteCollegeofEngineeringCollegeofTechnologyandEngineering,UdaipurD.E.I.TechnicalCollegeDelhiTechnologicalUniversityDelhiUniversity(MainCampus)DepartmentofComputerScienceandApplications,KurukshetraUniversityDepartmentofStudiesinComputerScience,ManasaGangothri,UniversityOfMysore

DeshBhagatFoundationGroupofInstitutions,FerozpurRoadMogaDhirubhaiAmbaniInstituteofInformationandCommunicationTechnologyDonBoscoCollegeofEngineeringandTechnologyDr.BabasahebAmbedkarTechnologicalUniversityInstituteofPetrochemicalEngineering

Dr.B.RAmbedkarNationalInstituteofTechnology,JalandarDrC.VRamanInstituteofScienceandTechnologyEastWestInstituteofTechnologyGITMInstituteofTechnologyGoduatiEngineeringCollegeForWomenGovernmentCollegeofTechnology,CoimabtoreGuruGobindSinghIndraprasthaUniversityGuruNanakDevEngineeringCollegeGuruTegBahadurKhalsaInstituteofEngineeringandTechnologyIIITAllahabad

IIITBangaloreIIITDelhiIIITHyderabadIITB-MonashResearchAcademyISIKolkataIndianInstituteofScienceBangaloreIndianInstituteofTechnologyBhubaneswarIndianInstituteofTechnologyBombayIndianInstituteofTechnologyDelhiIndianInstituteofTechnologyGandhinagarIndianInstituteofTechnologyGuwahatiIndianInstituteofTechnologyHyderabadIndianInstituteofTechnologyIndoreIndianInstituteofTechnologyKanpurIndianInstituteofTechnologyKharagpur/SchollofITIndianInstituteofTechnologyKharagpur/CSEIndianInstituteofTechnologyMadrasIndianInstituteofTechnologyMandiIndianInstituteofTechnologyPatnaIndianInstituteofTechnologyRajasthanIndianInstituteofTechnologyRoorkeeIndianInstituteofTechnologyRoparIndianSchoolofMines,DhanbadInstituteOfEngineeringJiwajiUniversity,GwaliorInstituteOfTechnology,GuruGhasidasVishwavidyalaya,BilaspurInstituteofMathematicalSciencesChennaiInvertisInstituteofEngineering&TechnologyITMUniversity,GwaliorJNUJadhavpurUniversityKolkataJaipurNationalUniversityJamiaHamdardJamiaMilliaIslamiaJIITNoidaJNTUHCollegeofEngineeringHyderabadKSRInstituteForEngineeringAndTechnologyKSRangasamyInstituteofTechnologyK.L.E.Society'sCollegeofEngineeringAndTechnology,BelgaumK.V.G.CollegeofEngineeringLMNIITMNNITAllahabadMadanMohanMalviaEngineeringCollegeMadhavInstituteofTechnology&ScienceMaharashtraInstituteofTechnology,PuneManonmaniamSundaranarUviversity

MumbaiUniversityNationalInstituteofTechnologyAgartalaNationalInstituteofTechnologyBhopalNationalInstituteofTechnologyCalicutNationalInstituteofTechnologyDurgapurNationalInstituteofTechnologyGoaNationalInstituteofTechnologyJamshedpurNationalInstituteofTechnologyKurukshetraNationalInstituteofTechnologyMeghalayaNationalInstituteofTechnologyRaipurNationalInstituteofTechnologyRourkelaNationalInstituteofTechnologySilcharNationalInstituteofTechnologySurathkalNationalInstituteofTechnologyTrichyNationalInstituteofTechnologyWarangalNationalInstitutionofTechnicalTeachers’TrainingandResearchNetajiSubhasInstituteofTechnologyPadmashreeDr.D.Y.PatilInstituteofEngineeringandTechnologyPSGCollegeofTechnologyRajeevGandhiProudyogikiMahavidyalayaRamraoAdikInstituteofTechnologySantLongowalInstituteofEngineeringandTechnologySardarPatelCollegeofTechnologySchoolofComputerScienceandITSchoolofComputerSciences,MahatmaGandhiUniversityShobhitInstituteofEngineeringandTechnologyShriG.SInstituteofTech.andScienceShriGuruGobindSinghjiInstituteofEngineeringandTechnologyShrideviInstituteofEngineeringAndTechnologySirM.visvesvarayaInstituteofTechnologySJBInstituteofTechnologySNDTWomensUniversitySNSCollegeofTechnologySonaCollegeofTechnologySriJayachamarajendraCollegeofEngineeringSsbt'sCollegeofEngineeringandTechnologySwamiVivekanandInstituteofTechnology,SagarSymbiosisInstituteofTechnologySymbiosisInstituteofTechnology&ScienceThaparUniversityThiagrajanCollegeofEngineeringTIFRUniversityInstituteofEngineeringandTechnologyUniversityofHyderabadUniversityofPune

VeerSurendraSaiUniversityofTechnology,BurlaVishwakarmaInstituteofInformationTechnologyVishwakarmaInstituteofTechnologyVisvesvarayaNationalInstituteofTechnologyNagpurBMS,BangaloreCollegeofEngineering,CalcuttaUniversity,KolkataCUSAT,Kochi-keralaGovt.CollegeofEngg.(GCOEP),PuneHeritageInstituteofTechnologyInstituteofTechnology,NirmaUniversity-AhbadMIT,ManipalNationalInstofTechnology(NIT),JalandharOsmaniaUniversityPunjabEnggCollege,ChandigarhSASTRA,ThanjavurVeermataJeejabhaiTechnologicalInstt(VJTI),MumbaiWalchandCollegeofEngg.-Sangli