acids, bases and salts. my numbering system slide title: a, b, c… - points on a slide: 1, 2, 3, -...
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ACIDS, BASES and SALTS
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My numbering system
Slide title: A, B, C…
- Points on a slide: 1, 2, 3,
- How to find it on your note handout: A1, A2, B1, B2…
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A. What you need to know?A1. What is a/an acid, base, salt?A2. How to name themA3. Acid, base, salt propertiesA4. Identify at least 3 products that are acids, bases, and salts used in daily life
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B. Common AcidsName Formula
Organic(= Carbon-containing) acids
vinegar (acetic acid) HC2H3O2
citric acid HC6H7O2
ascorbic acid HC6H7O6
lactic acid HC3H5O3
acetylsalicylic acid HC9H7O4
Inorganic (=no carbon) acids
sulfuric acid H2SO4
carbonic acid H2CO3
phosphoric acid H3PO4
nitric acid HNO3
hydrochloric acid HCl
hydrobromic acid HBr
hydrofluoric acid HF
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C. What is an acid?C1. An acid is a compound that accepts pair of electrons. Commonly, most acid have proton (H+) in their chemical formula
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D.How to name acid
D1. Inorganic acids (=no C, O in formula):Hydro---ic acid
e.g.
HF Hydrofluoric acidHCl Hydrochloric acidHBr Hydrobromic acidHI Hydroiodic acid
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How to name acid (cont.)D2. Oxoacids (oxygen-containing acids):
(Non-ate part)- ic acid
Oxoacids Non-ate part Names
HClO3 Chlor- Chloric acid
HNO3 Nitr- Nitric acid
H2CO3 Carbon- Carbonic acid
HBrO3 Brom- Bromic acid
HIO3 Iod- Iodic acid
HC2H3O2 Acet- Acetic acid
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How to name acid (cont.)D3. Oxoacids that are slight exceptions to the naming rules of:
(Non-ate part)- ic acid
Oxoacids Non-ate part Names
H2SO4 Sulph- Sulfuric acid
H3PO4 Phosph- Phosphoric acid
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E. Common Acid Properties
• E1. Sour• E2. Corrosive• E3. Water-soluble• E4. Good electricity conductors
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F. Acids in everyday life
F2.Citric acidAlso, ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
F1.Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
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F. Acids in everyday life
F5.Sour milk (lactic acid)
F3. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)
F4. Cheese (acetic acid)
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F6. Sorbic Acid: a preservative
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G1.Heartburn:Caused by HCl from the stomach comes back up the esophagus
G. Acids in the body
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H. Bee Sting and Formic Acid
Formic Acid
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BASES
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I. Common BasesFocus only on inorganic bases
Name Formula
Sodium hydroxide NaOH
Potassium hydroxide KOH
Aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3
Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH
Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3
Potassium sulfite K2SO3
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J. What is a base?
J1. A base is a compound which donate pairs of electrons. Commonly, most bases have hydroxide (OH-) in their chemical formula
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K-How to name bases?
Metal name first+ hydroxide
e.g
LiOH Lithium hydroxideMg(OH)2 Magnesium hydroxide
Ca(OH)2 Calcium hydroxide
Fe(OH)2 Iron hydroxide
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L. Common Acid PropertiesBases:• L1. are bitter• L2. feel slippery• L3. are water-soluble• L4. are good electricity conductors
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M. Bases in everyday life
M1.Drain cleaners contains NaOH
M2. Windex (NH3)
M3. Baking soda(NaHCO3)
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N. What would you do if?
N1.Your car battery acid (H2SO4) is spilled?
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SALTS
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O. What is a salt?O1. Salts are composed of positively charged ion (cation) and negatively charged ion (anion)
O2. A salt is formed when acid react with base
E.g. CuSO4
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P. Applications of Salts
P1. Soaps and Detergents
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P2. Fertilizer (e.g. Ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate)
P. Applications of Salts (cont.)
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Q. Salt and our Canadian’s weather
Q1. Why put salt on the sidewalk when it snows?
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Q. Salt and our Canadian’s weather
Q1. Road salt helps reduce the freezing point of snow
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R. A Cultural Look at Food Preservation
Table salts
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• What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about ACIDS today?
• What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about BASES today?
• What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about SALTS today?