acids, bases, and ph. acids release h + ions – so are called proton donors contain h as the first...
TRANSCRIPT
Acids
• Release H+ ions – so are called proton donors• Contain H as the first element in the formula• Taste sour• Conduct electricity• Corrosive – will steadily eat away at a
substance• Causes changes in an indicator
Bases
• Releases hydroxyl (OH)- ions – proton acceptor• Contains (OH)- as the last set of elements• Bitter taste, slippery feel• Conducts electricity• Corrosive• Causes changes in an indicator
Indicators
• Changes color in the presence of certain substances
• Examples– pH paper– Litmus paper (red or blue)– Phenolphthalein
pH Paper
• Has a variety of colors indicating specific pH ranges for the material. From dark red for acids to dark blue for bases.
Acid or Base Strength
• The more likely a compound is to release H+ or (OH)- ions, the stronger it is.
• Even if a very strong acid or base (HCl or NaOH) is diluted with water, so it becomes less dangerous, it is still a strong substance.
Concentration
• The word concentration is a bit like the word crowded.
High concentration
Low concentration
Title, Purpose, Materials, and Safety
Title – Acid activityPurpose – To gain experience determining the
pH of various substances using litmus paper and pH paper.
Materials – ph Paper, Litmus Paper, forcepsSafety – 1. Do NOT touch substances in beakers
2. You must wear goggles
Procedure
1. Gather Materials2. You will be assigned to one station, using the
forceps, dip a piece of red litmus paper into the substance at that station. Record color.
3. Repeat with blue litmus.4. Switch stations when told.5. One of the stations will involve pH paper, make
sure you do not use the litmus paper at that station.