acids and bases new handout
TRANSCRIPT
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Acids and Bases(Parts 1 & 2)
UCI Chem 51ADr. Link
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GoalsAfter this lesson (parts 1 & 2) you should be able to:
1. Identify a compound as acidic, basic, or amphoteric
2. Differentiate between differing acid and base definitions.
3. Predict the products of an acid/base reaction, identifying all components.
4. Compare acidities based on pKa.
5. Predict to which direction the equilibrium will lie for an acid/base reaction.
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Acid & Base DefinitionsA long time ago (1884): Arrhenius
Acids
Bases
And then (1923): Brønsted-Lowry
Acids
Bases FAQ: Do I need tomemorize dates?
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Yet Another DefinitionAlso in 1923: Lewis
Acid
BaseLewis
Brønsted-Lowry
Arrhenius
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Acid & Base ExamplesAcid? Base?
Amphoteric: species that can act as acid or base, depending on conditions
CH3OCH3 CH3NH2H2O
AlCl3 NH2- (CH3)2NH2
+
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Acid-Base ReactionsBrønsted-Lowry acid & bases (Lewis later)
OH
O
+ H2O
OH
+ KOH
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More Reaction Examples
OH
+ NaOH
NH4+
+ H2O
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pKA & Acid StrengthAcid strength can be denoted using pKa
H A HO
HHO
H
H
A++
FAQ: Do I need to memorize pKa values?
Ka =[H3O+] [A-]
[HA]
pKa = -log Ka
CH3CO2HKa pKa
1.8x10-5 4.8
OH
+ NaOH~1x10-16
OH
+ KOH1.6x10-6 10.0
~17
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Acid-Base EquilibriumIf acid-base reactions are in equilibrium, how do we know to which direction the equilibrium lies?
OH
O
+ H2O
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Equilibrium PracticeTo which direction does the equilibrium lie?
NH4+
+ H2O
H3C H + NH3
OH
+ KOH
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A Closer Look
OH
+ NaOH
OH
+ KOH
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Lewis Acid-Base Reactions
OH + BF3
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Wrapping UpPractice identifying acids and bases using Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis definitions.
Practice writing acid-base reactions and identifying acid/base/conjugate acid/conjugate base.
Practice using curved arrow notation to show the process of acid base reactions (Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis).
Practice predicting the direction of equilibrium for acid base reactions.