Acids and Bases

By: Ruffa Mae T. BorbonBriar Rose Alexandria L. Pama

III- Radon

Physical and Chemical behavior of Acids

Acids release a hydrogen ion into water solution.

Acids neutralize bases in a neutralization reaction.

Acids corrodes active metals. Acids turn blue litmus to red. Acids donate protons.

Physical and Chemical behavior of Bases

Bases releases hydroxide ion into water solution.

Bases neutralize acids in a neutralization reaction.

Bases denatures protein. Bases turn red litmus to blue. Bases accept protons.

Differences of Acids and Bases

Acids› A solution that has an excess of H+ ions. › It tastes sour.

Bases› a solution that has an excess of OH- ions.› It tastes bitter.› Slippery to touch.

Strength of Acids and Bases

The strength of an acid or base depends upon the concentration of ionized hydrogen.

A completely ionized acid or base is classified as a strong acid and strong base.

An incompletely ionized acid or base is classified as a weak acid and weak base.

How Acids and Bases are quantified

Acids and Bases are quantified through:› Solubility

Acids and bases depends on solubility because less soluble substances has a high pH and more soluble substances has a low pH.

› Dissociation a general process in which ionic compound

separate or split into smaller particles, ions, or radicals, usually in a reversible manner.

pH Indicators pH indicators are chemical

compounds which are added in small amounts to a solution so that the pH of an acid or base can be indicated.

The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is.

Common uses of Acids and Bases

Acids› Acids can be found on citrus fruits which provide

citric acid that gives the fruits a sour taste. It is also found in the stomach which is gastric acid that the stomach secretes which grinds the food.

Bases› Baking soda, an example of a base, is commonly

used in cooking and medical purposes. In the field of medicine, it acts as an antacid taken orally to treat acid indigestion and heartburn. Another example of a base is ammonia which can be used as household cleaners, particularly glass.