achieving interoperability through semantics-based technologies: the instant messaging case
DESCRIPTION
Presented at ISWC 2012 The paper is available at http://hal.inria.fr/hal-00721280/enTRANSCRIPT
Achieving Interoperability through Semantics-based Technologies:
The Instant Messaging Case
Amel Bennaceur and Valérie Issarny (Inria, France)
Romina Spalazzese (University of L’Aquila, Italy)
Shashank Tyagi (Banaras University, India)
ISWC 2012, 15th November 2012
2
Outline
The Interoperability challenge in pervasive environments
Automated synthesis of mediators• Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols • Ontology-based Model Checking
Implementation Lessons learned and future work
The Interoperability challenge in pervasive environments
Automated synthesis of mediators• Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols • Ontology-based Model Checking
Implementation Lessons learned and future work
3
Interoperability in Pervasive Environments
Systems are becoming increasingly connected• Future Internet, Cyber-Physical System, Internet of Things• Integration becoming more difficult
Interactions among components cannot be planned beforehand• Increasingly dynamic• Unanticipated components
System and its components figure out how to interact dynamically• Automatically ensuring interoperation at runtime
4
Illustrating the Interoperability Challenges
A plethora of applications with compatible functionalities• e.g., exchanging instant messages
Unable to interact • e.g., MSN and XMPP clients
Heterogeneous data and behavioral models • e.g., use of chat rooms
×
5
Existing Approaches to Interoperability
Standard: chosen shared language
e.g., XMPP
Interoperability platforms: one talks all languages
e.g., Pidgin, Adium
× × Transparent interoperability: Auxiliary language
e.g., J-EAI, CrossTalk
×
Transform on the fly using an intermediary system (the mediator) : Babel fish
e.g., WSMX
How can we synthesise ‘correct’ mediators automatically and deploy them on the network?
6
Outline
The Interoperability challenge in pervasive environments
Automated synthesis of mediators• Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols • Ontology-based Model Checking
Implementation Lessons learned and future work
The Interoperability challenge in pervasive environments
Automated synthesis of mediators• Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols • Ontology-based Model Checking
Implementation Lessons learned and future work
Dynamic Synthesis of Mediators
Sustaining composition in highly heterogeneous and dynamic environments• Semantics of networked systems needed to reason
about and achieve on-the-fly interoperability• Ontology for the description of functional semantics• Process algebra for the description of behavioural
semantics• Combining ontology reasoning and behavioural analysis
• To support the automated generation of mediators
7
Dynamic Synthesis of Mediators
XMPPmodel
MSNPmodel
Behavioral Matching
Mediator
Modelling
Failure
Yes
No
Ontology-based Model Checking
Mediation
XMPPMSNP IM Ontology(OWL)
ab
dc
e
8
9
FSP Syntax FSP Semantics
Action Prefix
Choice
Parallel Composition
Sequence
Modelling of Interaction Protocols
FSP (Finite State Processes)• Semantics described using labelled transition systems• Verification supported by the LTSA model checker• Actions do not have any semantics
10
Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols
An action specifies• The operation required from or provided to the environment• The associated input and output data
OFSP Specification of MSNP
1111
OFSP Specification of XMPP
1212
13
Ontology-based Reasoning about Interaction Protocols
Action Subsumption• is subsumed by iff
• • •
e.g.,
• •
is subsumed by
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Ontology-based Reasoning about Interaction Protocols
Processes synchronise based on the semantics of actions
• If is subsumed by then generate to make them synchronise
Verify that the processes reach their final states using model checking
15
Ontology-based Model Checking
16
Outline
The Interoperability challenge in pervasive environments
Automated synthesis of mediators• Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols • Ontology-based Model Checking
Implementation Lessons learned and future work
The Interoperability challenge in pervasive environments
Automated synthesis of mediators• Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols • Ontology-based Model Checking
Implementation Lessons learned and future work
17
Implementation
Ontology-based Model Checking(OLTSA)
Composer 2
Parser 2
Parser 1Composer
1
Mediator
Synthesis
XMPP Client MSN Client
SOCKS ProxyBuddyManagement
BindingManagement
DSL Specof messages
DSL Specof messages
18
Mediator Performance
MSNP/MSNP
YMSG/YMSG
XMPP/XMPP
MSNP/YMSG
MSNP/XMPP
YMSG/XMPP
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
NativeHand-craftedAutomated
Ro
un
d T
rip
tim
e w
ith
10
0 c
ar
me
ss
ag
e (
ms
)
19
Outline
The Interoperability challenge in pervasive environments
Automated synthesis of mediators• Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols • Ontology-based Model Checking
Implementation Lessons learned and future work
The Interoperability challenge in pervasive environments
Automated synthesis of mediators• Ontology-based Modelling of Interaction Protocols • Ontology-based Model Checking
Implementation Lessons learned and future work
20
Lessons Learned (1)
It works!!!!
Automated synthesis of mediators
promises to address interoperability in a
future-proof manner
Ontologies have a key role to play in
supporting the automated synthesis of
mediators
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Lessons Learned (2)
Dealing with a larger set of mappings• One-to-many and many-to-many mappings• Dealing with ambiguous mappings
Extracting the system model automatically• Using automata learning to learn the behaviour• Using schema annotation to learn the annotations
Need for standard benchmarks• To evaluate the kind of mismatches that occur in real
systems• To compare with similar approaches
22
Thank you
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Further Information
Home page: www-rocq.inria.fr/~bennaceu ARLES: www.rocq.inria.fr/arles CONNECT: connect-forever.eu
The Role of Ontologies in Emergent Middleware: Supporting Interoperability in Complex Distributed Systems, In Proc. Middleware 2011
Middleware-layer Connector Synthesis: Beyond State of the Art in Middleware Interoperability, In SFM 2011
Towards an architecture for runtime interoperability, In Proc. ISoLA 2010