accretion and variability in t tauri disks james muzerolle
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Accretion and Variability in T Tauri Disks
James Muzerolle
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T Tauri stars, ca. 1976
Rydgren, Strom, & Strom 1976: A dense, ionized
gaseous circumstellar envelope is responsible for
the continuum and line emission
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Strom 1977 review suggested a way forward:
Measure photospheric absorption line depths (veiling)
Need simultaneous measures of emission lines, Balmer
continuum, veiling, and IR excess
Constrain variability timescales and look for periodicities
Investigate multiplicity
Obtain quantitative estimates of specific angular momentum and
mass outflow rates
Need more study of YY Ori phenomenon
Measure magnetic field strengths
Observe/resolve scattered light structure
Measure emission line polarization
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T Tauri stars, ca. 2008
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UV excess Permitted emission linesBlueshiftedabsorption
Forbidden emission
The magnetospheric accretion paradigm
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H emission from magnetospheric flows
● models in good
agreement with
observed profiles
● can be used to derive
mass accretion rates
for a wide range of
young stars
Lawson et al. 2004
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Gas evolution: mass accretion rates
70% 30% 5%accretor fraction:
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dM/dt ~ M2
Garcia Lopez et al. 2007
Mass dependence
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variability: accretion in AA Tau
● K7, 1-2 Myr-old
● P = 8.22 days
● highly-inclined disk
● optical light curve suggests
periodic occultation of star
by inner disk
Bouvier et al. 2007
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● occultation events correlated with accretion
signatures
● wind, infall velocities are correlated
Bouvier et al. 2007
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inclined dipole, field inflation, and disk warp?
Bouvier et al. 1999, 2003
O’Sullivan et al. 2005
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Variability: dust emission probed by
Spitzer
New time-series Spitzer
observations show common
mid-IR varability in disks
● > 30% of objects
● daily – yearly timescales
● amplitudes up to 30%
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Variable transition disks
Surprising wavelength dependence, timescales as short as 1 week!
● warp or corotating dynamical structure?
– may betray the presence of a stellar or low-mass companion
● variable accretion/dusty winds?
10/1/07
9/24/07
3/15/05
Artymowicz simulationVinkovic et al. 2006
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