Instrumentation Analysis Handling equipment Academy

Innovative SF6- Lifecycle solutions

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Alexander Wiegand, Chairman and CEO WIKA

Over the past 60 years WIKA Alexander Wiegand SE & Co. KG has built a reputation as a renowned partner and competent specialist for any task in the field of pressure and temperature measurement. On the basis of steadily growing efficiency, innovative technologies are applied when devel-oping new products and system solutions. The reliability of the products and the readiness to face all challenges of the market have been the key factors for WIKA achieving a leading position in the global market.

Within the WIKA group of companies, 8,500 employees are dedicated to maintaining and improving pressure and temperature measurement technology. Over 500 experi-enced employees within the sales department consult customers and users competently on a partnership basis.

About us

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Contents

Facts about SF6 gas 4

Quality made by WIKA 5

Worldwide consulting 6

Lifecycle solution provider 6

Instrumentation 8

Online monitoring 16

Connecting parts 17

Gas analysis 18

Filling and handling equipment 24

Academy and service 26

Applications

High voltage/medium voltage

■ Switchgear (GIS)

■ Disconnectors

■ Switch-disconnectors

■ Circuit breakers (Live & Dead Tank)

Examples of SF6 gas-filled components in electricity transmission and distribution

■ Instrument transformers

■ Transmission lines (GIL)

■ Transformers (GIT)

■ Ring main units (RMU)

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Characteristics Applications

■ Chemical name: sulphur hexafluoride

■ Colourless, odourless, non-toxic, non-flammable, chemically inert

■ High dielectric strength, almost 3 x higher than air or N2

■ Climate-effecting CO2 equivalent: 22,800

■ Lifetime in the atmosphere: 3,200 years

For over 50 years, SF6 gas has been used successfully in various industrial applications.

Most of the SF6 volume is used in switchgear and switch-disconnectors in electricity transmission and distribution. Further high-voltage applications can be found in particle accelerators, radar systems and X-ray systems. In the medical field, SF6 gas is used in MRI instruments, in eye surgery and other applications.

In medium and high-voltage switchgear of the network operators, the gas acts as an extremely efficient insulation medium and operates as the arc suppression during the switching process. The gas provides the ideal solution due to its high dielectric strength and its ability for recombination. Due to its superior properties in comparison with other media, such as air or nitrogen, systems can be built with much more compact dimensions.

Model of a sulphur hexafluoride molecule (one sulphur atom bound with six fluorine atoms)

SF6 gas, the strongest known greenhouse gas

Gas losses from SF6 gas-filled components are both an environmental problem as well as a safety risk, with the associated production or plant shutdown and/or costly service call-outs.

In Germany, the producers of SF6 gas and the manufacturers and operators of gas-filled switchgear have thus joined forces and signed a voluntary commitment including emission limits.

The current state of the art for SF6 gas-filled plants is mature and is constantly evolving to take account of climate-related problems.

Facts about SF6 gas

In the atmosphere, SF6 gas is undesirable due to its high global warming potential and it was listed, along with five other gases, in the Kyoto Protocol.

Its climatic impact is 22,800 times greater than that of carbon dioxide, and its residence time in the atmosphere is approxi-mately 3,200 years. Worldwide there are strict regulations that demand emission reductions in SF6 gas.

In the EU, the F-Gas regulation, (EC) No. 517/2014 on the limitation of greenhouse gas emissions, came into force in 2014. In this, the general requirements for the specific handling of SF6 gas and other fluorinated gases (F-Gases) were established.

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Quality made by WIKA

WIKA SF6 gas Center of Excellence

WIKA offers more than 30 years of experience in the development and series production of SF6 instrumentation. Currently, well over 1 mio. WIKA measuring instruments around the world are taking care of SF6 plant safety in the transmission and distribution of electricity.

■ > 24 mio. euros turnover worldwide

■ Production facilities in Klingenberg, Dortmund (Germany) and Suzhou (China)

■ Over 100 employees worldwide in the SF6 products division

Milestones company division SF6 gas

1976 Introduction of the first gas density monitor with temperature compensation

1990 Introduction of the first gas density monitor with an external temperature sensor

1992 The first generation of “Online Monitoring” with a gas density transmitter

2000 Introduction of the first gas density indicators, gas density switches and gas density monitors for medium-voltage systems

2004 Introduction of a gas density switch with smaller drift

2005 Introduction of the second generation of “Online Monitoring” with a gas density transmitter with field case

2009 Acquisition of the SF6 division of the gas analysis specialists G.A.S. in Dortmund

2010 Extension of the portfolio with valves and gas handling instruments

2013 Introduction of digital SF6 condition transmitters of the “Smart Grid” generation

Through the continual extension of the product and service portfolio, WIKA is in a position to offer targeted SF6 gas solutions. For this, WIKA works very closely together with the manufacturers of gas-insulated equipment.

The products vary widely in their order quantities (1 ... > 1,000 pieces/lot), size (valve … handling device) and application area. Despite the resulting challenges to sales, production and logistics, we always deliver the same high WIKA quality. With the WIKA production system with Kaizen activities in manufacturing and administration, we follow a flexible and adaptable business strategy.

Customer orientation is at the centre of all our efforts. Through the targeted efforts of WIKA’s quality management, we have succeeded in minimising the error rate of the SF6 product division. SF6 measuring instruments from WIKA are 100% function-tested and leak-tested. Thus, components that come into contact with SF6 gas feature a lasting low leakage rate, with the stainless steel components welded to high standards. At WIKA, even the sealing of the case to the process connection is rigorously implemented with a welded design. The result is a robust and durable product, that you can always rely on. ible und anpassungsfähige Unternehmens-Strategie.

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Around the globe, WIKA employees are available to you for SF6 gas applications. Our engineers and service technicians offer you the best solutions for your application from a diverse portfolio.

With well over a million WIKA measuring instruments in the field, the SF6 density monitoring of equipment within the elec-tricity transmission and distribution is assured.

Companies that are involved in the lifecycle of SF6 gas-filled equipment, include gas suppliers and plant manufacturers, operators and service providers.

Designing for a service life of up to 40 years requires both the use of high-quality components and an adequate mainte-nance strategy. WIKA is the only company to offer a product portfolio and comprehensive application experience for the entire SF6-Lifecycle - everything from one source. Our customers can thus access in-depth know-how - from planning to the disposal of SF6 gas-filled equipment.

Worldwide consulting

Lifecycle solution provider for SF6 gas

Within the WIKA SF6-Gas-Academy, our customers gain practical information and training on this complex subject.

In our academy, we educate and train customers on site or within our subsidiaries. Wherever you are located, we can assist you.

Mexico

Colombia

Brazil

Russia

IndiaEgypt

Germany

ChinaUSA

Singapore

Australia

Korea

Start

End

Evacuation

Evacuation of SF6

Continuous condition monitoring during operation

Commiss

ioning

Maintenance/service

Qua

lity an

alysis Filling with SF6

Gas quality an

alys

is

Processing of SF6

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Lifecycle solution provider

Products and services

Instrumentation Connecting parts

SF6-Gas-Academy

Filling and handling equipmentAnalytic and detection instruments

The monitoring of the SF6 condition is used for plant safety.

Product variants:

■ Mechanical gas density indicators

■ Mechanical gas density monitors with alarm contacts

■ Mechanical gas density switches without display

■ Gas density transmitters with analogue output

■ Gas condition transmitter with digital output

For the filling or evacuation procedure for SF6 tanks, reliable connection technology is required in order to prevent gas leakage and to enable efficient operation. WIKA connecting parts fulfil the highest customer require-ments, and include valves, couplings, hoses and other components.

In order to identify potential for improvement in the SF6-Lifecycle, in-depth knowledge about SF6 charac-teristics and legislation is required. The “SF6-Gas-Academy” initiative was launched to create a cooperative learning environment and to develop best practice solutions in collaboration with experts. Each seminar is individually tailored to the needs of the participants.

The service operations for the evacu-ation and filling of SF6 tanks, or the processing of contaminated SF6 gas, must be carried out with the appro-priate equipment and by trained personnel. The WIKA product portfolio for filling and handling equipment covers everything to do with the handling of SF6 gas.

The plant safety of SF6 gas-insulated equipment is reduced significantly through low concentrations of SF6 decomposition products. In operation, these arise through arcing in moist or impure SF6 gas. WIKA offers a com-plete product line for gas analytics, including accessories.

Leak detection instruments enable accurate detection and quantification of leakage points. The timely detection and sealing of the smallest leaks reduces environmental impact and saves on the refilling of leaked gas quantities.

SF6-Gas ACADEMY

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For safety reasons, the filling level of SF6 gas is defined for each gas compartment and monitored using an SF6 density measuring instrument.

WIKA’s gas density determination is made with pressure measurement that has been specifically adapted to the ‘real gas’ behaviour of SF6 gas by compensating for the effects of temperature changes. Measurement uncertainties, resulting from the fluctuating ambient pressure, are also eliminated by the hermetically sealed case.

Should the gas density decrease due to leakage, defined alarm contacts in the gas density monitor provide a warning or, if the lower limit is reached, shut the plant down. Modern plant monitoring in the era of the “Smart Grid” requires the

SF6 instrumentation ensures plant safety

use of gas density transmitters with analogue or digital signal outputs. The transmitters allow a more precise, continuous and central signal monitoring.

The signals or data packets sent are permanently monitored by SCADA systems with integrated data storage and data processing.

In addition to the gas density measurement, the GDHT-20 multi-sensor can provide pressure, temperature and humidity signals in Modbus® protocol.

Alongside the instrumentation, WIKA offers analytic and handling products.

SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, also see flyer GDHT-20

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Instrumentation

Proactive plant monitoring and service for high-voltage switchgear Analysis

Handling

The online monitoring of SF6 gas with trend analysis reduces the risk of failure and the operating costs. The continuous visibility of the plant status enables operators to move away from the previously used preventive or reactive maintenance strategies. In the future, the electricity grid operators will be able to implement a condition-based SF6 service and maintenance strategy. Unnecessary work within defined maintenance cycles is eliminated. Thus, the number of service calls for fault rectification and the associated plant downtime is reduced significantly. If a leak is detected with the gas density measuring instrument, its exact location can be determined with the portable SF6 detection instrument and repairs undertaken.

With the help of WIKA gas analytic instruments, the condition of the SF6 gas in the plant can be determined directly in the field. Within 5 to 10 minutes, directly on site, the user is in the position to decide whether the equipment needs repair. Depending on the model, the quality parameters of purity, humidity and concentration of decomposition products are measured. Operation is very simple, since after the con-nection of the gas chamber, the measurement must simply be started manually. The automatic flow control provides for precise and reproducible results. Following the measurement, the result is compared to the applicable benchmarks in accordance with IEC or CIGRE, and, depending on the model, can be saved.

Filling and handling equipment can be used for the filling, refilling and preparation of SF6 gas. Depending on the application, equipment is used in manufacture, installation and maintenance. The size of the plant depends on the volume of the gas compartment being worked upon. Depending on the customer requirements, the operation and form of the equipment varies.

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SF6 gas-filled plants are often exposed to harsh condi-tions, including, for example, extreme temperature fluctuations, strong winds, high humidity and ambient pressure changes. In the face of this, to ensure optimal

SF6 instrumentation

operational safety of the plant, the correct interpre-tation of the gas density measurement is of central importance. WIKA’s SF6 density measuring instru-ments are especially durable.

Long-term advantages Technology WIKA product

Constant indication with temperature changes

Temperature compensation ■ Density monitor ■ Density indicator ■ Density switch ■ Density transmitter

No condensation problems on the window

Hermetically sealed case ■ Density monitor ■ Density indicator ■ Density switch

No influence due to altitude or atmospheric pressure

Hermetically sealed case ■ Density monitor ■ Density indicator ■ Density switch ■ Density transmitter

Measuring system will not leak or corrode

■ Welded measuring system from 316L stainless steel

■ Helium leak rate < 1 x 10−8 mbar x l/s

■ Density monitor ■ Density indicator ■ Density switch

Reliable switch point setting Fixed setting through laser-welded point

■ Density monitor

Sealed, tamper-resistant case Case secured with weld spot ■ Density monitor ■ Density indicator

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Instrumentation

The principle reason for pressure changes in SF6 gas-filled plant is changes in the ambient temperature. With known gas pressure and temperature, the gas density can be calculated exactly.

In the diagram on the left, the black horizontal line represents the actual gas density. The green line shows the rising pressure due to rising temperature measured with a standard pressure gauge. So that the correct gas density may be determined using a pressure measuring instrument, the pressure increase resulting from the rise in temperature must be compensated in the indication.

In the diagram on the right, the temperature-compensated pressure display, corresponding to the gas density of the gas tanks, is shown.

20 °C

Density

Pressure

Temperature compensation

Temperature

p

Temperature compensation of pressure measuring instruments

20 °C Temperature

pIndication

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The temperature compen-sation with external capillary sensor enables temperature measurement directly in the tank.

Metal bellows: Density monitor with external temperature sensor

> 20 °C

< 20 °C

Metal bellowsExternal temperature sensor

Temperature compensation principles

A bimetal between the movement and measuring spring converts temperature changes into changes in length. The indication on the dial is constant, despite the temperature-induced pressure variations. Only declining pressure due to loss of gas is indicated.

Bimetal: Density monitors and density displays

> 20 °C

< 20 °C

20 °C

pIndication

temperature-compensated pressure indication, displayed value

20 °C 60 °CTemperature

pBimetal

compensation of the indication

20 °C 60 °CTemperature

pTank

actual pressure profile

20 °C 60 °CTemperature

pTank

actual pressure profile temperature-compensated pressure indication, displayed value

20 °C

pIndicationMetal bellows

compensation of the indication

20 °C 60 °CTemperature

p

Bimetal

60 °CTemperature

60 °CTemperature

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Instrumentation

Compensation of p through T

+

–

Ustab

A pressure transmitter specifically developed for SF6 density measurement delivers a temperature-compensated output signal.

A chamber filled with SF6 gas serves as a reference. With environmental influences, the reference chamber behaves the same as the tank and thus does not cause any change in the switch condition.

Electronic sensor: Density transmitter

Reference chamber: Density switch

High voltage

Reference chamber

Stainless steel

Medium voltage

Wheatstone measuring bridge with temperature compensation for SF6 gas

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Model GDI GDM-63 GDM-100 GDS-MV GDS-HV GD10 GDT-20 GDHT-20 GDM-100-TI/TA

Model designation Gas density indicator NS63 and NS100

Gas density monitor NS63

Gas density monitor NS100

Gas density switch, medium voltage

Gas density switch, high voltage

Gas density transmitter Transmitter for gas density, temperature and pressure with Modbus® output

Transmitter for gas density, temperature, pressure and humidity with Modbus® output

CombinationGDM-100 and GD10

Output – max. 2 switch contacts

max. 3 switch contacts

max. 2 switch contacts

max. 4 switch contacts 4 … 20 mA Modbus® RTU via RS485

Modbus® RTU via RS485

max. 3 switch contacts + 4 … 20 mA

Special features ■ Bimetal compensation

■ Dial layout to customer requirements

■ Bimetal compensation

■ Magnetic snap-action contacts

■ Dial layout to customer requirements

■ Bimetal compensation

■ Magnetic snap-action contacts

■ Dial layout to cus-tomer requirements

■ Variant -TS with ex-ternal temperature sensor

■ Reference chamber compensation

■ Micro switches ■ High switching accuracy

■ Reference chamber compensation

■ Micro switches ■ High switching accuracy

■ Electronic compen-sation

■ Various connection variants: field case -F, cable -C, connector -L

■ Variants with temperature sensor -FT or transmitter -F2

■ Calculation of the gas density values

■ Up to 247 transmitters on one master

■ Calculation of the gas density or gas humidity values

■ Up to 247 transmitters on one master

■ Optionally available with adapter or meas-uring chamber

■ Variants with inte-grated GD10 gas density transmitter TI or built-in transmit-ter TA

Data sheets SP 60.21, SP 60.03 SP 60.70 SP 60.02, SP 60.04 SP 60.32 SP 60.30 SP 60.10, SP 60.11, SP 60.12, SP 60.13

SP 60.09 SP 60.14 SP 60.05, SP 60.06

Product overview for SF6 instrumentation

The components and processes for manufacturing WIKA’s SF6 measuring instrument family have proven themselves in the widest variety of industries and applications. With the help of the range of WIKA’s modular system for measurement technology, the instruments have been specifically designed and optimised for SF6 gas applications.

This results in synergies that benefit the customer in the long run.With the wide range of instrument variants, different customer requirements are served, in terms of equipment, measurement parameters, measuring ranges, accuracy and alarm functionality.

Mechanical and mechatronic measuring instruments

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Instrumentation

Model GDI GDM-63 GDM-100 GDS-MV GDS-HV GD10 GDT-20 GDHT-20 GDM-100-TI/TA

Model designation Gas density indicator NS63 and NS100

Gas density monitor NS63

Gas density monitor NS100

Gas density switch, medium voltage

Gas density switch, high voltage

Gas density transmitter Transmitter for gas density, temperature and pressure with Modbus® output

Transmitter for gas density, temperature, pressure and humidity with Modbus® output

CombinationGDM-100 and GD10

Output – max. 2 switch contacts

max. 3 switch contacts

max. 2 switch contacts

max. 4 switch contacts 4 … 20 mA Modbus® RTU via RS485

Modbus® RTU via RS485

max. 3 switch contacts + 4 … 20 mA

Special features ■ Bimetal compensation

■ Dial layout to customer requirements

■ Bimetal compensation

■ Magnetic snap-action contacts

■ Dial layout to customer requirements

■ Bimetal compensation

■ Magnetic snap-action contacts

■ Dial layout to cus-tomer requirements

■ Variant -TS with ex-ternal temperature sensor

■ Reference chamber compensation

■ Micro switches ■ High switching accuracy

■ Reference chamber compensation

■ Micro switches ■ High switching accuracy

■ Electronic compen-sation

■ Various connection variants: field case -F, cable -C, connector -L

■ Variants with temperature sensor -FT or transmitter -F2

■ Calculation of the gas density values

■ Up to 247 transmitters on one master

■ Calculation of the gas density or gas humidity values

■ Up to 247 transmitters on one master

■ Optionally available with adapter or meas-uring chamber

■ Variants with inte-grated GD10 gas density transmitter TI or built-in transmit-ter TA

Data sheets SP 60.21, SP 60.03 SP 60.70 SP 60.02, SP 60.04 SP 60.32 SP 60.30 SP 60.10, SP 60.11, SP 60.12, SP 60.13

SP 60.09 SP 60.14 SP 60.05, SP 60.06

Mechanical and mechatronic gas density measurement

Electronic gas density and gas condition measurement

While gas density indicators only show the temperature-compensated filling status on a marked colour dial, gas density monitors offer additional alarm signals at pre-defined switching thresholds for equipment monitoring. Offering only the switching function, gas density switches complete the portfolio for this sector.

The analogue and digital transmitters provide continuous signals or data packets for evaluation in the SCADA control rooms of modern transformer and distribution substations. Through the combination of transmitter with gas density monitor, in addition to the signal redundancy, it is possible to read the status of the SF6 gases - on site and in the control room.

Electronic measuring instruments

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Online monitoring

Digital transmitters form the foundation for a continuous and highly accurate real-time monitoring of your SF6 gas-filled plants. Transmitters from WIKA have been specifically designed for this purpose and combine high-precision sensors for pressure, temperature and humidity with a standardised digital interface. From this, the transmitter calculates the values for gas density and dew point. Due to

A gas management system based on WIKA’s advanced SF6 sensor technology enables:

■ Real-time remote monitoring

■ Early detection of the smallest leaks

■ Allocation of emissions to a measur-ing point

■ Real-time-creation of on-line trends and analyses

■ Optimised and exact filling of plant

■ Documentation of emission rates

■ Change from time-based maintenance to condition-based maintenance

Online monitoringof SF6 measured values with digital gas condition transmitters

the RS485 interface and the use of the widely used Modbus® protocol, these transmitters can be employed virtually anywhere and can also be used for retrofitting to existing plants. Thanks to the advanced technology, up to 247 sensors can be queried from a single BUS master. The effort and costs for the installation are thus reduced to a minimum.

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Connecting parts

Connecting parts

The connection technology for SF6 gas must be able to route SF6 gas from one gas compartment to another efficiently and without any losses. This happens during filling and maintenance operations on gas-filled equipment.

Thanks to self-closing valve mechanisms, accidental emissions can be reliably eliminated.Valves on both sides of the connecting hoses (available in rubber and stainless steel) prevent the environmentally harmful gas from escaping to the atmosphere.

The two-stage sealing principle with O-ring and metal contour seal enables safe connection and disconnection under pressure. The robust design ensures consistent high sealing, even after a large number of operating cycles. Depending on the application, the customer can select the material. The standards are aluminium, brass and stainless steel - available with material certificate if required. Depending on requirements, the connecting parts can be delivered in nominal diameters DN6 - DN20. In addition to the valves, accessories such as adapters, solder and weld fittings and protection caps are within the standard range. Custom designs or combinations of components and gas connection kits are manufactured individually.

Sectional illustration: DN20 valve, not coupled Sectional illustration: DN20 valve, coupled

Model GCV GCC GCA GCF GCP GCH GCK GCM

FunctionValve Coupling

valveAdapter Solder and

weld con-nection

Protection cap

Hose Gas con-nection kit

Combina-tion valve

Nominal diameter

DN6 … DN20

DN6 … DN20

DN6 … DN20

DN6 … DN20

DN6 … DN20

DN6 … DN40

– –

Materials AI, SS, brass AI, SS, brass AI, SS, brass AI, SS, brass AI, SS, brass SS, rubber AI, SS, brass Al

Data sheets

SP 61.12, SP 61.13, SP 61.14

SP 61.12, SP 61.13, SP 61.14

SP 61.12, SP 61.13, SP 61.14

SP 61.12, SP 61.13, SP 61.14

SP 61.12, SP 61.13, SP 61.14

SP 61.15 SP 61.16 SP 61.11

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Gas analysis

Discharges during switching operations in SF6 gas-filled equipment lead, over time, to increased concen-trations of toxic and highly-corrosive decomposition products.

The formation of decomposition products is dependent on the amount of air and moisture reactants in the SF6 gas during the discharge. These contaminants (air, moisture and

decomposition products) prevent the continued safe oper-ation of the switchgear. In particular, the decomposition products strongly attack and corrode the surfaces within the tank. This progressively reduces the dielectric strength of the insulation materials in the switchgear. The use of gas analysis instruments is absolutely necessary to monitor the concen-tration of harmful decomposition products, thus ensuring long-term plant safety.

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SOF4

SO2F2 + HF

SiF4 + 2H2O

SO2 + 2HF

SF4 + 2F MFN

SOF2 + HF

SF6

SiO2 H2O

O2

O2

H2O

H2O

H2O

Gas analysis

Maximum concentration of contaminants in SF6 gas for re-use (in accordance with IEC 60480):

■ Air and/or CF4: 3 %

■ Gaseous decomposition products: 50 ppmv

■ Humidity: dew point: −23 °C (filling pressure < 200 kPa abs.) or −36 °C (filling pressure > 200 kPa abs.)

Formation of decomposition products

Quality directives

The IEC and CIGRE organisations develop criteria and limit values for SF6 gas. These specify the limits at which a contamination exists, and how the correct handling of the SF6

With energy input during equipment operation, the otherwise stable SF6 gas decomposes into reactive and corrosive products such as SF4 and other com-pounds (see illustration “Formation of decomposition products”). From the reactants of air and moisture in the gas, further decompo-sition products are formed.

gas used in switchgear should be made. The permissible standard values are stated in IEC 60480, the “Guidelines for the checking and treatment of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)”.

Chemical Stability in air End products common limit value [ppmv]

Odour

SF6 Sulphur hexafluoride stable 1,000 odourless

SF4 Sulphur tetrafluoride fast decay HF, SO2 0.3 acrid, sour

S2F10 Disulphur decafluoride stable SF4, SF6 0.01 acrid

SOF2 Thionyl fluoride slow decay HF, SO2 1.5 acrid, pungent

SOF4 Thionyl tetrafluoride stable SO2F2 0.5 sour

SO2F2 Sulphuryl fluoride stable 0.3 odourless

SO2 Sulphur dioxide stable 1.0 acrid

HF Hydrogen fluoride stable 2.0 sour

SiF4 Silicon tetrafluoride fast decay SiO2, HF 0.5 pungent

Colour changes in resin samples as a result of decomposition products in SF6 gas

(M = Variable for electrode material)

Without reactant

with reactants further decomposition products are built

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Stationary measuring instrument for the monitoring of the concentration of SF6 gas in the ambient air to guarantee operational safety in enclosed spaces.

The instrument continually checks the air in the room with a non-dispersive infrared sensor. Via a high-volume alarm, there is an immediate warning of any hazardous gas concen-trations in the air. Usually, samples are taken continuously, close to gas tanks or gas-insulated switchgear, from which large quantities of SF6 gas could escape within a short period of time. Most of these areas are physically separated or too large for a central measuring point. With the help of the multiplexer, up to 10 measuring points can be monitored with a single emission monitor. Thus the instrument scans through all active sampling boxes at a predefined interval. If a measuring point is not needed, it can be completely switched off within the instrument configuration

IR-Monitor with optional multisampler

Emission monitoring

Leakage in switchgear can cause high maintenance costs and, depending on the size, can quickly become a safety risk. Thus, gas leaks must be pinpointed promptly and reliably and then eliminated.

The IR-Leak, with a measuring range of 2,000 ppmv is the ideal measuring instrument for locating the leak on site and to make a quantitative measurement of it.

Thus specific repair measures can be taken. The leak detection using infrared spectroscopy is neither distorted by moisture or common volatile organic compounds, nor by wind.

Detection instruments

Leakage detection

IR-Leak 2,000 ppmv

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Gas analysis

Measuring instruments specifically for the measurement of small SF6 concentrations to detect the smallest of leaks.

The quantitative gas measurement of SF6 gas in the air is carried out reliably and reproducibly even at the smallest quantities. The technology used is based on photo-acoustic infrared spec-troscopy. The SF6-Tracer achieves a very high accuracy with a detection rate of 6 ppbv. The IR-Leak, with 50 ppmv, has a detection rate of 0.6 ppmv.

Non-dispersive infrared technology

Tracer and IR-Leak 50 ppmv

Leak test

Infrared source Sample gas chamber Wavelength filter Infrared detector

2,500 cm−1

Infrared ray

Infrared ray

Φ0

Φ

947 cm−1

The Lambert–Beer law

Α = −lg = ε ∙ c ∙ l

A: AbsorptionΦ: Light intensity after absorption of

SF6 gasΦ0: Light intensity without absorptionε: Extinction coefficientc: Concentrationl: Length of the irradiated chamber

(sample gas chamber)

Φ0

Φ

Infrared technology measuring principle

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Model GA20 GA40 GA50 GA25 GA10

Model designation

SF6-Humiditor SF6-Hygrometer SF6-Purity-Meter SF6-Aciditor SF6-Breaker-Analyser

Parameters

Dew point Dew point SF6 percentage SO2 concentration Dew pointSF6 percentageSO2, HF concen-tration

Special features

■ Polymer sensor ■ Battery power

■ high-accuracy chilled mirror

■ Mains operated

■ Electrochemical sensor

■ Battery power

■ Sensor meas-ures the velocity of sound

■ Battery power

■ SF6 quality measurement in modular design

■ Battery power

Data sheet SP 62.03 SP 62.07 SP 62.10 SP 62.04 SP 62.01

Model GA11 GFTIR-10 GA05 GA45

Model designation

SF6-Q-Analyser FTIR-Analyser MV Pressure-Regulator SF6-Recovery-Bag

Parameters

Dew pointSF6 percentageSO2, HF, H2S, CO concentration

SO2, HF, SF4, SOF2, SOF4, SO2F2, S2F10, SiF4, CO, COS, CF4, C2F6, C3F8 concentration

– –

Special features

■ SF6 quality measurement with pump-back function

■ Battery/mains operated

■ Laboratory measure-ment system with spectrometer, PC and software

■ Mains operated

■ Pressure increase for low process pressures

■ Compatible with all analytic instruments

■ Space-saving as foldable

■ 110 l capacity ■ Overpressure safety

Data sheet SP 62.11 SP 62.17 SP 62.14 SP 62.08

Product overview for SF6 analysisQuality measurement

Quality measurement Accessories

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Gas analysis

Leak detection/leak test

Emission monitoring Accessories

Model GIR-10 GA65

Model designation

SF6-IR-Leak SF6-Tracer

Parameters

0 … 50 ppmv 0 … 2,000 ppmv

6 … 60,000 ppbv

Special features

■ Non-dispersive infrared sensor ■ Portable battery-operated instrument ■ Switchable to leak rate

■ High-precision photo-acoustic infrared spectroscopy ■ Extensive programme of accessories

Data sheet SP 62.02 SP 62.13

Model GA35 GA38 GA33

Model designation

SF6-IR-Monitor O2/SF6-IR-Monitor Multi-sampler

Parameters

0 … 2,000 ppmv O2: 0.1 … 25 %SF6 gas: 0 … 2,000 ppmv

Temperature: −40 … +120 °C (optional)Humidity: 20 … 80 % r. h. (optional)

–

Special features

■ Non-dispersive infrared sensor

■ Up to 10 measuring points possible with GA33

■ Non-dispersive infrared sensor ■ Up to 10 measuring points possible with GA33

■ Limit current sensor from zirconium oxide for O2

■ Sensor module for temperature and hu-midity measurement in the environment

■ Multiplexer for model GA35 and GA38 emission monitors

■ Instrument variants for 5 or 10 measuring points

■ Adjustable intervals

Data sheet SP 62.06 SP 62.15 SP 62.16

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Filling and handling equipment

Filling and handling equipment for SF6 gas are the central tools for the maintenance of gas-insulated equipment. Both for the installation as well as for the maintenance of gas-insulated equipment in power transmission and distribution, WIKA delivers the complete product range of efficient filling and handling equipment.

Model GPF-10 GVC-10 GTU-10 GWS-10 GVP-10

Model designation

Portable SF6 filter unit

Portable SF6 vacuum compressor

Portable SF6 transfer unit

Portable SF6 gas cylinder scale

Portable vacuum pump

Process Filtration SF6 extraction SF6 filling Weighing of SF6 gas Air evacuation

Description

Filtering out of particles, moisture and decomposition products

In order to extract SF6 gas compartments up to a residual pressure of 5 mbar abs., the model GVC-10 vacuum compressor is combined with the model GTU-10 transfer unit

Filling the SF6 gas compartment directly from the gas cylinder or storing SF6 gas in a gas cylinder. During storage of the SF6 gas, the compressor can liquefy the gas in the storage vessel.

Measuring the gas cylinder weight before and after the filling/extraction

Preparation for filling following plant main-tenance

Data sheet SP 63.11 SP 63.13 SP 63.07 SP 63.09 SP 63.12

Filling and handling equipment

The core processes are the initial filling, gas processing and refilling of SF6 equipment. Here, the insulating or quenching gas is either filled in or extracted from the gas compartments. Furthermore, the instruments support the plant operator with the recording of the SF6 volumes and emissions, as is prescribed in the F-Gas regulation (EC), No. 517/2014, for specified equipment.

Portable series

25

Filling and handling equipmentFilling and handling equipment

1. How much SF6 gas should be transferred and in what time? Volume flow or mass flow

2. Which container should be installed? Tank or gas cylinder

3. Which equipment should be maintained? Hose lengths and connecting parts

4. Which operating concept? Automatically programmed control or manual control

5. Into which region will the plant be delivered? Applicable standards

6. Where will the plant be used? Indoor or outdoor switchgear

Model GFU08 GFU10 GFU20 GFU30

Model designation

SF6 filling cart SF6 handling and filling equipment

SF6 handling and filling equipment

SF6 handling and filling equipment

SF6 storage vessel

Gas cylinder Gas tank Gas cylinder/gas tank Gas cylinder/gas tank

Data sheet SP 63.08 SP 63.01 SP 63.02 SP 63.03

Criteria for plant definition

In accordance with the above definition, WIKA can offer standard plants or - with special processes and further definition – engineer special plants.

Filling equipment

26

Due to the climatic effects described earlier, SF6 gas is an important topic worldwide, on which there is a need for action to eliminate emissions. The consequences are governmental controls with the requirement for verification of the SF6 filling levels in plant. In the seminars, WIKA informs about the applicable regula-tions coupled with practical knowledge for the selection and operation of the right equipment. The SF6-Gas-Academy was established with the goal of establishing and imparting “Best Practice” in the handling of SF6 gas.

The approach of the SF6-Gas-Academy consists of exactly this interactive approach, covering a wealth of topics:

■ Features and behaviour

■ Rules and regulations

■ Emission monitoring

■ Density measurement and humidity measurement

■ Connecting parts

■ Filling and handling equipment

■ Analysis

■ Leak detection

SF6-Gas-Academy and service

27

Academy and service

To strengthen the knowledge transfer, the SF6-Gas-Academy includes practical elements and is illustrated with live demonstrations.

The academy can be carried out within our own company training centre or on site at your premises.

Due to our presence worldwide, with over 43 subsidiaries, and through our personnel with specialist training in SF6 gas, we are able to provide you with advice and assis-tance.Do you require further information or have a specific question? Then simply contact us at SF6-sales@wika.com

Commissioning service

Repair and maintenance service Analysis service

Rental service

On request, we also undertake the commissioning of new equipment for our customers. This usually involves a detailed functional testing and detailed instruction and training of operating personnel.

Depending on the level of work required, we can offer our customers a repair and maintenance service, either at WIKA or on site.

Thanks to our experience, we are also able to offer a comprehensive analysis service to our customers. Using non-destructive measurement methods, an identification and precise qualification of the main decomposition products of SF6 gas can be made. This is also possible, through our experts, for highly corrosive SF6 samples. Furthermore, we are also available for the analysis and detection of any leakages you may have.

Should our customers only require analytic and measuring instruments for a specific period of time or a first test, these can be rented from us.

Imagine you could bring together experts from the field of SF6-Lifecycle management and gain insight into best practices. Imagine you could get a demonstration of instru-ments from the field of lifecycle management of SF6 gas-insulated switchgear from the manufacturer themselves.

Europe

AustriaWIKA MessgerätevertriebUrsula Wiegand GmbH & Co. KGPerfektastr. 731230 ViennaTel. +43 1 8691631Fax: +43 1 8691634info@wika.atwww.wika.at

BelarusWIKA BelrusUl. Zaharova 50B, Office 3H220088 MinskTel. +375 17 2945711Fax: +375 17 2945711info@wika.bywww.wika.by

BeneluxWIKA BeneluxIndustrial estate De BerkNewtonweg 126101 WX EchtTel. +31 475 535500Fax: +31 475 535446info@wika.nlwww.wika.nl

BulgariaWIKA Bulgaria EOODAkad.Ivan Geshov Blvd. 2EBusiness Center Serdika, office 3/1041330 SofiaTel. +359 2 82138-10Fax: +359 2 82138-13info@wika.bgwww.wika.bg

CroatiaWIKA Croatia d.o.o.Hrastovicka 1910250 Zagreb-LuckoTel. +385 1 6531-034Fax: +385 1 6531-357info@wika.hrwww.wika.hr

FinlandWIKA Finland OyMelkonkatu 2400210 HelsinkiTel. +358 9 682492-0Fax: +358 9 682492-70info@wika.fiwww.wika.fi

FranceWIKA Instruments s.a.r.l.Parc d‘Affaires des Bellevues8 rue Rosa Luxembourg95610 Eragny-sur-OiseTel. +33 1 343084-84Fax: +33 1 343084-94info@wika.frwww.wika.fr

GermanyWIKA Alexander Wiegand SE & Co. KGAlexander-Wiegand-Str. 3063911 KlingenbergTel. +49 9372 132-0Fax: +49 9372 132-406info@wika.dewww.wika.de

ItalyWIKA Italia S.r.l. & C. S.a.s.Via G. Marconi 820020 Arese (Milano)Tel. +39 02 93861-1Fax: +39 02 93861-74info@wika.itwww.wika.it

PolandWIKA Polska spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością sp. k.Ul. Legska 29/3587-800 WloclawekTel. +48 54 230110-0Fax: +48 54 230110-1info@wikapolska.plwww.wikapolska.pl

RomaniaWIKA Instruments Romania S.R.L.050897 BucurestiCalea Rahovei Nr. 266-268Corp 61, Etaj 1Tel. +40 21 4048327Fax: +40 21 4563137info@wika.rowww.wika.ro

RussiaZAO WIKA MERAWjatskaya Str. 27, Building 17Office 205/206127015 MoscowTel. +7 495-648018-0Fax: +7 495-648018-1info@wika.ruwww.wika.ru

SerbiaWIKA Merna Tehnika d.o.o.Sime Solaje 1511060 BeogradTel. +381 11 2763722Fax: +381 11 753674info@wika.rswww.wika.rs

SpainInstrumentos WIKA S.A.U.C/Josep Carner, 11-1708205 Sabadell BarcelonaTel. +34 933 9386-30Fax: +34 933 9386-66info@wika.eswww.wika.es

SwitzerlandMANOMETER AGIndustriestrasse 116285 HitzkirchTel. +41 41 91972-72Fax: +41 41 91972-73info@manometer.chwww.manometer.ch

TurkeyWIKA Instruments IstanbulBasinc ve Sicaklik Ölcme CihazlariIth. Ihr. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti.Bayraktar Bulvari No. 1734775 Yukari Dudullu - IstanbulTel. +90 216 41590-66Fax: +90 216 41590-97info@wika.com.trwww.wika.com.tr

UkraineTOV WIKA PryladM. Raskovoy Str. 11, APO 20002660 KyivTel. +38 044 4968380Fax: +38 044 4968380info@wika.uawww.wika.ua

United KingdomWIKA Instruments LtdMerstham, Redhill RH13LGTel. +44 1737 644-008Fax: +44 1737 644-403info@wika.co.ukwww.wika.co.uk

North America

CanadaWIKA Instruments Ltd.Head Office3103 Parsons RoadEdmonton, Alberta, T6N 1C8Tel. +1 780 4637035Fax: +1 780 4620017info@wika.cawww.wika.ca

USAWIKA Instrument, LP1000 Wiegand BoulevardLawrenceville, GA 30043Tel. +1 770 5138200Fax: +1 770 3385118info@wika.comwww.wika.com

WIKA Process Solutions, LP.950 Hall CourtDeer Park, TX 77536Tel. +1 713 47500-22Fax: +1 713 47500-11info@wikahouston.comwww.wika.com

Mensor Corporation201 Barnes DriveSan Marcos, TX 78666Tel. +1 512 396-4200Fax: +1 512 396-1820sales@mensor.comwww.mensor.com

Latin America

ArgentinaWIKA Argentina S.A.Gral. Lavalle 3568(B1603AUH) Villa MartelliBuenos AiresTel. +54 11 47301800Fax: +54 11 47610050info@wika.com.arwww.wika.com.ar

BrazilWIKA do Brasil Ind. e Com. Ltda.Av. Ursula Wiegand, 03CEP 18560-000 Iperó - SPTel. +55 15 34599700Fax: +55 15 32661650vendas@wika.com.brwww.wika.com.br

ChileWIKA Chile S.p.A.Av. Coronel Pereira 72Oficina 101Las Condes - Santiago de ChileTel. +56 2 365-1719info@wika.clwww.wika.cl

ColombiaInstrumentos WIKA Colombia S.A.S.Dorado Plaza,Avenida Calle 26 No. 85D – 55Local 126 y 126 ABogotá – ColombiaTel. +57 1 744 3455info@wika.cowww.wika.co

MexicoInstrumentos WIKA Mexico S.A. de C.V.Viena 20 Ofna 301Col. Juarez, Del. Cuauthemoc06600 Mexico D.F.Tel. +52 55 50205300Fax: +52 55 50205300ventas@wika.comwww.wika.com.mx

Asia

AzerbaijanWIKA Azerbaijan LLCCaspian Business Center9th floor 40 J.Jabbarli str.AZ1065 BakuTel. +994 12 49704-61Fax: +994 12 49704-62info@wika.azwww.wika.az

ChinaWIKA Instrumentation Suzhou Co., Ltd.81, Ta Yuan Road, SNDSuzhou 215011Tel. +86 512 6878 8000Fax: +86 512 6809 2321info@wika.cnwww. wika.com.cn

IndiaWIKA Instruments India Pvt. Ltd.Village Kesnand, WagholiPune - 412 207Tel. +91 20 66293-200Fax: +91 20 66293-325sales@wika.co.inwww.wika.co.in

IranWIKA Instrumentation Pars Kish (KFZ) Ltd.Apt. 307, 3rd Floor8-12 Vanak St., Vanak Sq., TehranTel. +98 21 88206-596Fax: +98 21 88206-623info@wika.irwww.wika.ir

JapanWIKA Japan K. K.MG Shibaura Bldg. 6F1-8-4, Shibaura, Minato-kuTokyo 105-0023Tel. +81 3 5439-6673Fax: +81 3 5439-6674info@wika.co.jpwww.wika.co.jp

KazakhstanTOO WIKA KazakhstanRaimbekstr. 169, 3rd floor050050 AlmatyTel. +7 727 2330848Fax: +7 727 2789905info@wika.kzwww.wika.kz

KoreaWIKA Korea Ltd.39 Gajangsaneopseo-ro Osan-siGyeonggi-do 447-210Tel. +82 2 86905-05Fax: +82 2 86905-25info@wika.co.krwww.wika.co.kr

MalaysiaWIKA Instrumentation M Sdn. Bhd.No. 27 & 29 Jalan Puteri 5/20Bandar Puteri Puchong47100 Puchong, SelangorTel. +60 3 806310-80Fax: +60 3 806310-70info@wika.com.mywww.wika.com.my

PhilippinesWIKA Instruments Philippines, Inc.Unit 102 Skyway Twin Towers351 Capt. Henry Javier St.Bgy. Oranbo, Pasig City 1600Tel. +63 2 234-1270Fax: +63 2 695-9043info@wika.com.phwww.wika.com.ph

SingaporeWIKA Instrumentation Pte. Ltd.13 Kian Teck Crescent628878 SingaporeTel. +65 6844 5506Fax: +65 6844 5507info@wika.com.sgwww.wika.com.sg

TaiwanWIKA Instrumentation Taiwan Ltd.Min-Tsu Road, Pinjen32451 TaoyuanTel. +886 3 420 6052Fax: +886 3 490 0080info@wika.com.twwww.wika.com.tw

ThailandWIKA Instrumentation Corporation (Thailand) Co., Ltd.850/7 Ladkrabang Road, LadkrabangBangkok 10520Tel. +66 2 32668-73Fax: +66 2 32668-74info@wika.co.thwww.wika.co.th

Africa / Middle East

EgyptWIKA Near East Ltd.Villa No. 6, Mohamed FahmyElmohdar St. - of Eltayaran St.1st District - Nasr City - CairoTel. +20 2 240 13130Fax: +20 2 240 13113info@wika.com.egwww.wika.com.eg

NamibiaWIKA Instruments Namibia Pty Ltd.P.O. Box 31263PioniersparkWindhoekTel. +26 4 61238811Fax: +26 4 61233403info@wika.com.nawww.wika.com.na

South AfricaWIKA Instruments Pty. Ltd.Chilvers Street, DenverJohannesburg, 2094Tel. +27 11 62100-00Fax: +27 11 62100-59sales@wika.co.zawww.wika.co.za

United Arab EmiratesWIKA Middle East FZEWarehouse No. RB08JB02P.O. Box 17492Jebel Ali, DubaiTel. +971 4 883-9090Fax: +971 4 883-9198info@wika.aewww.wika.ae

Australia

AustraliaWIKA Australia Pty. Ltd.Unit K, 10-16 South StreetRydalmere, NSW 2116Tel. +61 2 88455222Fax: +61 2 96844767sales@wika.com.auwww.wika.com.au

New ZealandWIKA Instruments LimitedUnit 7 / 49 Sainsbury RoadSt Lukes - Auckland 1025Tel. +64 9 8479020Fax: +64 9 8465964info@wika.co.nzwww.wika.co.nz

WIKA Alexander Wiegand SE & Co. KGAlexander-Wiegand-Straße 30∙63911 Klingenberg∙GermanyTel. +49 9372 132-0∙Fax +49 9372 132-406info@wika.de∙www.wika.de

WIKA worldwide

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