academic writing uses standard academic english uses conventional patterns of organization shows...
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Academic Writing
Uses standard academic English
Uses conventional patterns of organization
Shows logical relationships between ideas
States claims explicitly
Puts ideas in context of existing knowledge/claims
Follows conventions for citing sources
Academic Writing
Uses standard academic English
Uses conventional patterns of organization
Shows logical relationships between ideas
States claims explicitly
Puts ideas in context of existing knowledge/claims
Follows conventions for citing sources
Academic Writing
Uses standard academic English
Uses conventional patterns of organization
Cause/Effect – Describe event, then show effect OR describe event, then show cause.Classification – Break something into parts and describe or define each part.Comparison/Contrast – Show what something is similar to and different from.Definition – Show what something is and isn’t.Example – Illustrate some using lots of examples of it.Narration – Tell a story to make a point.Process Analysis – Explain how something works.
Claims & Evidence: Showing Connections
Raising taxes doesn’t hurt the economy.
Clinton raised taxes, yet the economy grew.
If economic growth followed a tax hike, then a tax hike can be good for the economy.
Further, the Bush tax cuts were followed by a slump.
Hence, raising taxes can help the economy and cutting taxes can hurt the economy.
What year(s)? How much?
Could other factors account for the growth?
Could other factors account for the slump?
“Can” doesn’t necessarily mean “will.”
How much?
Explain connection between pieces of evidence
Claims & Evidence: Showing Connections
Eating in the mess hall is not healthy.
The USDA recommends X calories per day for teens.
The mess provides only Y calories per day.
The mess hall fails to provide enough calories per day to maintain good health.
Hence, eating in the mess hall results in getting too few calories per day, so eating there is unhealthy.
Claim
Evidence 1
Evidence 2
Connect evidence to claim
Show connection another way, just to be sure
Activities that happen before you put something
on page or screen
Act of putting something on page
or screen
Activities that happen after you put something
on page or screen
PREWRITE DRAFTREWRITE
&PUBLISH
observing,collecting,listening,thinking,reading,talking,
researching,doodling, drawing,
freewriting,etc.
writing,typing,texting,drawing,speaking,
etc
adding, deleting,reading, listening, moving, fixing,
tweaking,changing,
conforming,organizing, polishing, letting go
Subject
Text
Writer
CONTEXT
Reader
Next paper: Analysis
Preview Ch. 9 if you like;We’ll discuss it next week.
For now, look closely at Ch. 29 (writing good sentences).