7/27/2019 Academic Writing III

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/academic-writing-iii 1/7

UNIT III

PROCESS PARAGRAPHSWe will learn how to make a

guide or manual user

7/27/2019 Academic Writing III

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/academic-writing-iii 2/7

Definition:

It describes how to do something: how toget visa, how to buy a house, how toreport an experimental, etc.

In academic, it is usually used to makelaboratory reports in which the supportingtechnique of physical description isimportant.

Process pharagraphs are generallyorganised in chronological order.

7/27/2019 Academic Writing III

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/academic-writing-iii 3/7

When we write process paragraphs,we will:

Choose a topic that is narrow enough to bedescribed in complete detail for our intendedaudience.

Give details of the process in the correct order Give reason for the order (if appropriate)

Include negative directions (or warning) if 

necessary Use chronological connectors to help the reader

Remember! The last step is NOT the conclussion

7/27/2019 Academic Writing III

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/academic-writing-iii 4/7

The chronological connectors:

Sentence Introducers:

First,…..  Second,…..  Then,….   After that,…..  Finally,…. 

Time Introducers:

… before …  …after….  …when…  …until…  …during… 

7/27/2019 Academic Writing III

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/academic-writing-iii 5/7

Passive Voice

It is very common to use passive voice togive the paragraphs more objectivity.

It will makes the subject (researcher)

remain less important than their work (object), in other words, the research tobe more important.

Instead of saying, “I did this…”, theresearcher write, “The work wascompleted…”. 

7/27/2019 Academic Writing III

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/academic-writing-iii 6/7

Example:

There are few steps to do before you can withdraw moneyfrom ATM. First, if you have just got your new ATM card,make sure that it is already activated; otherwise, you will notbe able to use it. The next thing to do is insert your card andread the instructions on the monitor. Then, you will be asked

to choose the language, English or Indonesian. After that,type your Personal Identification Number (PIN). If it does notmatch your record, it will be useless. But if you type the rightPIN, other information will be shown. Press the withdrawalbutton and type the amount of money that you would like tohave after you are sure your account is enough for

withdrawal. If you are not sure, you can check your accountbefore choosing to withdraw. Then, just wait until the moneycomes out, take it, and count it before you leave. Afterwards,you can end the process. Before you leave the ATM chamber,do not forget to take your ATM card back. It is easy to use an ATM, isn’t it? 

7/27/2019 Academic Writing III

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/academic-writing-iii 7/7

It’s easier to fail a big test than to pass it. Simply take iteasy, and keep thinking that there’s plenty of time toprepare for it. What’s the point to going to the firstmeeting of the class since the teacher is only going tointroduce the students to the subject? As the classprogresses, remember that sleep is too sweet to ignore,so keep on sleeping. There’s always another class nextweek. The exercises assigned for homework are reallystupid and easy; better watch football on TV instead of 

doing them. The book might be helpful, but the middleof the course there are no more left in the bookstore. Ohwell, no need to worry; there’s plenty of time to study.On the night before the test, stay up late and party withyour friends. Then, during the test, do what you can andthen take a nap. After the test scores are announced, it’seasy to put the blame on the teacher and claim that hegave you an “F” because of personal hatred. Now wasn’tthat easy?