academic writing
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ACADEMIC WRITING
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Academic Writing It takes the form of a formal paper that follows specific standards such as the use of a formal language, referencing where sources are given credit, and specific grammatical patterns, organization and argument.
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Academic Writing
It is different from other types of writing such as creative writing and journalistic writing due to its distinct content and format.
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CHARACTERISTICS1.AUDIENCE Guidelines for
understanding your audience (Trimmer, 2004):
a. Who are the readers that will be most interested in my writing?
b. What do my readers know or think about my subject?
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CHARACTERISTICS
c. Why will my readers read my writing?
d. How can I interest my readers in my subject?
e. How can I help my readers read my writing
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CHARACTERISTICS2. PURPOSE - refers to the writer’s
objective in writing about a certain topic.
to explain (inform, educate)to entertain (amuse)to persuade (convince, or
change reader’s mind)
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CHARACTERISTICS3. VOICE ( Academic
Voice) It is used to
distinguish between your thoughts and words and those of other authors.
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CHARACTERISTICS3. VOICE ( Academic
Voice) It is used to
distinguish between your thoughts and words and those of other authors.
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CHARACTERISTICSDIRECT VOICE - is either your own or that
of other writers that you quote directly.
INDIRECT VOICE - When you make a
summary or paraphrase someone’s ideas.
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CHARACTERISTICS4. CONVENTIONS it refers to the rules about
appearance and format of the writing. In academic writing you need to follow specific standards, rule, and format
( grammar, punctuations, spelling, organizations, style, and citations)
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ACADEMIC WRITING FEATURES FORMALITYIn general this means in an essay that you should avoid:
a. colloquial words and expressions; ""stuff", "a lot of", "thing", "sort of",
b. abbreviated forms: "can't", "doesn't", "shouldn't"
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ACADEMIC WRITING FEATURES FORMALITYc. two word verbs: "put off", "bring up"
d. sub-headings, numbering and bullet-points in formal essays - but use them in reports.
e. asking questions.
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ACADEMIC WRITING FEATURES IMPERSONALITYAn objective tone can be
achieved through the use of impersonal language. Avoid characteristics of personal language such as: using personal pronouns, using judgmental words that indicate your feelings about a subject, and using words that are emotive.
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ACADEMIC WRITING FEATURES HEDGING the concept of cautious
language, often called "hedging" or "vague language". In other words, it is necessary to make decisions about your stance on a particular subject, or the strength of the claims you are making.
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ACADEMIC WRITING FEATURES
SPECIFIC AND STRUCTURE
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TIPS:SURVIVING ACADEMIC WRITING1.Know your topic and
the demand of the task.2.Understand your
audience.3.Specify your purpose4.Specify your role