academic cheater: to be or not to be?

Academic To be or not to be?

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Sharing Session at BRC, UNIMAS18 May 2012 (8.00

By Mr. Chuah Kee Man, Centre for Language [email protected]

Academic CheaterTo be or not to be?

Cheat

Sharing Session at BRC, UNIMAS18 May 2012 (8.00 – 10.00p.m.)

Man, Centre for Language [email protected]

Academic Dishonesty

What is it?

How to avoid it?

Why do students do it?

Why is this important?

Academic Dishonesty

Academic Cheater – BRC Talk

What is it?

How to avoid it?

Why do students do it?

Why is this important?

Have you evercheated?

Ponder:

Several studies (BushwellerTryon, 2009) stated that more cheated would never admit

Have you

Bushweller, 1999; Graves, 2011; Vinski & more than 75% of students who

admit their wrongdoings.


Academic Dishonesty://What is it?

(Image taken from stockphotos)

Academic Dishonesty://What is it?


Academic Dishonesty

…the theft of ideas and other forms of intellectual propertywhether they are published or not (Sandy, 1999, p. 75).

Academic Dishonesty


…the theft of ideas and other forms of intellectual property—whether they are published or not (Sandy, 1999, p. 75).

Academic Dishonesty

Originality is undetected plagiarism

- William Ralph Inge

Academic Dishonesty


Originality is undetected plagiarism

William Ralph Inge

Academic Dishonesty

He who does not cheat in exam is stupid. He who cheats and gets caught is twice as stupid! - Anonymous

Academic Dishonesty


He who does not cheat in exam is stupid. He who cheats and gets caught is twice as

Anonymous

PlagiarismThe adoption or reproduction of original creations of another author without due acknowledgment(Simmons, 1999).

FabricationThe falsification of data, information, or citations. (Simmons, 1999).Creating false facts or citations to create “artificial acknowledgement”.

Major Types of Academic Dishonesty

FabricationThe falsification of data, information, or citations. (Simmons, 1999).Creating false facts or citations to create

acknowledgement”.

Cheating

Major Types of Academic Dishonesty

Any attempt to give or obtain assistance in a formal academic exercise such as exam or “hiring” others to complete your assignments (Simmons, 1999).


Academic Dishonesty:// Why is it important?


Academic Dishonesty:// Why is it important?


Academic Dishonesty: Importance

Ensure academic integrity Ensure fairness Ensure credibility of your

degree/learning process Avoid being penalised Reflect your own values



Ensure academic integrity

Ensure credibility of your degree/learning processAvoid being penalisedReflect your own values

You Try!

Original: “The key reason of plagiarism among students is their lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity” (Simon, 2002, p.5).

1. The key reason for plagiarism among students is lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity.

2. The key reason for plagiarism among students is lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity (Simon, 2002).

3. The main factor for plagiarism among students is insufficient efforts to make sure academic integrity.

4. No apparent attempt to make sure academic integrity has been identified as the chief factor of plagiarism among students (Simon, 2002).

Which statement is considered as


“The key reason of plagiarism among students is their lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity” (Simon, 2002, p.5).

The key reason for plagiarism among students is lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity.The key reason for plagiarism among students is lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity (Simon, 2002).

The main factor for plagiarism among students is insufficient efforts to make sure academic integrity.

No apparent attempt to make sure academic integrity has been identified as the chief factor of plagiarism among

Which statement is considered as plagiarised?


UNIMAS Academic Regulation Undergraduates “Pelajar yang meniruatau tidak mengiktiraf(plagiat) untuk tujuanakan dikenakan tindakan(Peraturan Akademik Pengajian Ijazah



UNIMAS Academic RegulationUndergraduates –

meniru hasil kerja orang lain mengiktiraf kerja orang lain

tujuan tugasan atau ujiantindakan tatatertib”

Ijazah Sarjana Muda, 2011, p. 22)

Academic Dishonesty:// Why do students do it?


Academic Dishonesty:// Why do students do it?


Why do you cheat?

Ponder:

Possible reasons – lazy to read/research, deadline rushing, lack of time management, lack of knowledge on how to avoid academic cheating.

you cheat?


lazy to read/research, deadline rushing, lack of time management, lack of knowledge on how to avoid academic cheating.

Reasons for cheating in assignments

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Laziness Last-minute work

Ignorance Nevet get caught

(Source: Chuah, 2011)

Reasons for cheating in assignments


others

35%25%Last minute work

Never get caught/No big deal

Reasons for cheating in exam

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Get good grades

To pass Peer pressure


Reasons for cheating in exam


Others

45%35%To get good grades

To pass – difficult courses

My friend plagiarisecaught, and scored higher than me. So, I follow…


plagiarise, not caught, and scored higher than me. So, I follow…


(Student F121- 2011)

Academic Dishonesty:// How to avoid it?


Academic Dishonesty:// How to avoid it?


How to avoid plagiarism?

1. Set the mentality right.2. Use proper citations and

referencing.3. Practise paraphrasing and

summarising techniques4. Use plagiarism checker to help.

How to avoid plagiarism?


Set the mentality right.Use proper citations and

Practise paraphrasing and summarising techniquesUse plagiarism checker to help.

MENTALITY

How to avoid plagiarism? #1

Don’t even think of copying other’s work. Set in your mind that you need to acknowledge things/info/ideas that you get from others.

(Image taken from MercedesBenz)


MENTALITY


Don’t even think of copying other’s work. Set in your mind that you need to acknowledge things/info/ideas that you get from others.

CITATION & REFERENCING


Learn and master the correct citation and referencing styles. When in doubt, consult the lecturers or make use of the manual/guide.



CITATION & REFERENCING


Learn and master the correct citation and referencing styles. When in doubt, consult the lecturers or make use of the manual/guide.

Citation and Referencing

Different styles available. The common ones are:Author-Date formatAPA (American Psychology Association) Harvard Referencing Style

Author-Title formatMLA (Modern Language Association)

Citation and Referencing


Different styles available. The common

APA (American Psychology Association)Harvard Referencing Style

MLA (Modern Language Association)

APA – Quick Overview

Citations (Acknowledge in your essay):-Use lastname/surname only.

In-text (author-focus)According to Adams (2010), …..Adams and Alice (2010) stated that…Adams (2010) mentions “

end-text (info-focus)……. (Adams, 2010). ……..(Adams & Alice, 2010).“abcdef” (Adams, 2010, p.4).

Quick Overview


Citations (Acknowledge in your essay):/surname only.

According to Adams (2010), …..Alice (2010) stated that…

Adams (2010) mentions “abcdef” (p. 4)

Alice, 2010).” (Adams, 2010, p.4).


References (listing of sources cited)-Appear at the end of the essay. Sources used/cited in the essay must be listed in the reference list.

Adams, M. (2010). How to be a rich studentUK: McGraw-Hill.

Adams, M., & Alice, K. (2010). his Mercedes Benz. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: MPH Publishing.

Quick Overview


References (listing of sources cited)Appear at the end of the essay. Sources

used/cited in the essay must be listed in the

How to be a rich student. London,

Adams, M., & Alice, K. (2010). The student who sold . Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: MPH


References (Common Format)

Books:

Lastname, F. (Year). Title of the book

Lastname1, A., & Lastname2book. Place: Publisher.

Quick Overview



Title of the book. Place: Publisher.

2, B. (Year). Title of the



Journal Articles:

Lastname, F. (Year). Title of the article. Volume(Number), pages

Jason, M., & Simon, B. (2011). How to do referencing. Journal of Academic Writing

Quick Overview



, F. (Year). Title of the article. Journal Name, (Number), pages.

Jason, M., & Simon, B. (2011). How to do referencing. Journal of Academic Writing, 19(1), 1-14.



Web Pages:

Valerie, H. (2011). Introduction to marketingfrom http://www.marketing.com/article123.html.

Valerie, H. (n.d.). Introduction to marketingOctober 21, 2012, from http://www.marketing. com/article123.html.

Quick Overview



Introduction to marketing. Retrieved from http://www.marketing.com/article123.html.

Introduction to marketing. Retrieved , from http://www.marketing.


References

Note: References should be listed in alphabetical order.

Quick Overview


Note: References should be listed in alphabetical order.

Almost 90% of the essay is from others’ idea, should I cite everything??


Almost 90% of the essay is from others’ idea, should I cite everything??


When is citation required?

When you borrow someone else’s ideas When you refer to the work of others When someone else’s work has been critical

in developing your own ideas. When there is a clear indicator of specific

information/facts taken from a source (e.g. statistical results).

When is citation required?


When you borrow someone else’s ideasWhen you refer to the work of othersWhen someone else’s work has been critical in developing your own ideas.When there is a clear indicator of specific information/facts taken from a source (e.g.

When is citation NOT required?

When expressing common knowledge When expressing your own thoughts,

opinions and ideas in your own words When analyzing or synthesizing the

material you have researched When drawing your own conclusions

When is citation NOT required?


When expressing common knowledgeWhen expressing your own thoughts, opinions and ideas in your own wordsWhen analyzing or synthesizing the material you have researchedWhen drawing your own conclusions

How “Common” is Common?

Examples• Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia

with two similarly sized regions.

• Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia with a total landmass of 329,847 square kilometres separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions.

How “Common” is Common?


Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia with two similarly sized regions.

Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia with a total landmass of 329,847 square kilometres separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions.

Common!

Citation Needed!

PARAPHRASE & SUMMARISE


Learn to paraphrase ideas/info/statement obtained from the sources. When necessary, summarise and write in your own words.



PARAPHRASE & SUMMARISE


Learn to paraphrase ideas/info/statement obtained from the sources. When necessary, summarise and write in your own words.

Paraphrase

Can be shorter or longer than the original text.

Does not eliminate details but try to describe the original text in a different way.


Summary

The shorterversion of the original text.

Eliminate details and retain only the main ideas.

Paraphrasing

5C’s Guide: Comprehend – understand the text Change – change structure and words Combine – combine ideas if possible Check– check if the meaning is the same Cite – cite the external sources


understand the textchange structure and words

combine ideas if possiblecheck if the meaning is the same

cite the external sources


PLAGIARISM CHECKER


When in doubt, please use plagiarism checkers to help you in identifying parts which are copied.



PLAGIARISM CHECKER


When in doubt, please use plagiarism checkers to help you in identifying parts which are copied.

Plagiarism Checker

Some tools….Google – good for instant checking

especially online materials.Plagiarisma.net – free but not as good as

Turnitin Turnitin.com – One of the best tools, and

integrated as a tool in Morpheus. EHJ = Expert Human Judgments

Plagiarism Checker


good for instant checking especially online materials.

free but not as good as

One of the best tools, and integrated as a tool in Morpheus.

= Expert Human Judgments

Plagiarism CheckerPlagiarism Checker


Turn-It-In- The leading checker so

far- Rapid reporting- Cross-checking with

vast resources.- Capable of identifying

the use of quotations.

academic cheater: to be or not to be?

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