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Page 1: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment Design Example

Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee

Page 2: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 3: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 4: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Example Bridge

Page 5: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data

Not much before 1940MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80sASTM SPT N-modified values

Page 6: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data

Not much before 1940MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80sASTM SPT N-modified values

Page 7: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data

Not much before 1940MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80sASTM SPT N-modified values

Page 8: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

New Test Holes

Page 9: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

In-Situ Vane-shear and 3” Shelby Tubes

Page 10: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 11: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 12: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Design Shear Strength Profiles

Vane only

Final Selection

UC only

4* Sc…old MDOT

Used for: Global Stability, Bearing Capacity, Piling Side Resistance, Pile Lateral…..

Page 13: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 14: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 15: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Used for Piling Tip Resistance

Page 16: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

External Stability

• Task 1: Lateral Squeeze • Task 2: Global Stability• Task 3: Settlement Analyses• Task 4:Bearing Capacity

Page 17: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

FS = 2*Cu + (4.14*Cu)gama*Ds*tan(theta) H*gama

Where, Cu = Undrained shear strength of soft layer, psfDs = Thickness of soft soil layer, ft

gama = Unit weight of fill soil, psftheta = Angle of fill slope, degrees

H = Height of fill, ft

Also used in the past… H*gama < 3Cu, or 4Cu

LATERAL SQUEEZE ANALYSIS

Page 18: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Primary Shear

Page 19: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

“Secondary/Sympathy” Shear

Page 20: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Laterally SqueezedBulging Uplift Area

Edge of Recent Fill

Page 21: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

H = 6 to 7 feet

Previous Scenario

Page 22: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Utility Contractor Adds Weight

Page 23: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Road Centerline E.O.M.

Reaches F.S. = 1.0 Condition

Page 24: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Failure BackcalculationFS = 2*Cu + (4.14*Cu)

gama*Ds*tan(theta) H*gamaComponent 1 Component 2 FS

Cu = 180 psf 0.10 0.92 1.01Ds = 30 ft

gama = 125 pcf 3*Cu = 540theta = 45 degrees 4*Cu = 720

H = 6.5 ft gama*H = 812.5

For FS = 1

Page 25: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Example Bridge

Page 26: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

FS = 2*Cu + (4.14*Cu)gama*Ds*tan(theta) H*gama

Component 1 Component 2 FSCu = 2100 psf 0.01 1.58 1.59Ds = 100 ft

gama = 120 pcf 3*Cu = 6300theta = 88 degrees 4*Cu = 8400

H = 46 ft gama*H = 5520

Cu FS1600 1.911800 2.152000 2.392200 2.632400 2.87

Where, Cu = Undrained shear strength of soft layer, psfDs = Thickness of soft soil layer, ft

gama = Unit weight of fill soil, psftheta = Angle of fill slope, degrees

H = Height of fill, ft

11.251.5

1.752

2.252.5

2.753

1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500

Calc

ulat

ed F

.S.

Undrained Shear strength, Cu, psf

Lateral Squeeze

Abut. B

Abut. A

Page 27: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

GLOBAL STABILITY ANALYSISAbutment A

Page 28: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment ASet 2% strain force > 1.1 FS force

Page 29: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment ASet ultimate force > 1.3 FS force

Page 30: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment ASet Grid Limits > 1.54 FS force

Page 31: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Decided to add-a-span, use short pile-supported abutment, on 25+ feet of fill instead of the tall full-height abutment

Change in Plan

Page 32: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment A

Page 33: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment B

Page 34: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment B

Page 35: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment B

Page 36: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Abutment B

Page 37: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

ARE SPREAD FOOTINGS OK?

• Bearing Capacity

Page 38: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

ARE SPREAD FOOTINGS OK?

• Bearing Capacity

……Factored B.C. = approx. 5000 - 6000 psf

Approach Embankment Weight next to Abutment:Abut. A = 48*125 = 6000 psf not likely!Abut. B = 30 * 125 = 3750 psf maybe

Page 39: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

ARE SPREAD FOOTINGS OK?• Settlement Management

• Need to estimate settlement of footings caused by approach embankments

• And Footing pressures causing settlement serviceability-limit (1-inch and 1.5-inch limits)

• Pre-loads? Lightweight Fills? Pile Downdrag?

Page 40: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

SETTLEMENT MANAGEMENT

Page 41: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

SETTLEMENT MANAGEMENT

Page 42: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

515

540

565

590

6150 3000 6000 9000 12000

Elev

atio

n, f

tPressure, psf

P0, Overburden

Today’s ConditionGroundwater Table

Page 43: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

515

540

565

590

6150 3000 6000 9000 12000

Elev

atio

n, f

tPressure, psf

P0, Overburden

Glacial Lake Stanley

Lake Stanley Dry Period

Groundwater Table

Page 44: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

515

540

565

590

6150 3000 6000 9000 12000

Elev

atio

n, f

tPressure, psf

P0, Overburden

Glacial Lake Stanley

Pc Assumption

Preconsolidation

Pseudo-Pc

Ice Weight on Hard Till

Page 45: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

515

540

565

590

6150 3000 6000 9000 12000

Elev

atio

n, f

tPressure, psf

P0, OverburdenGlacial Lake StanleyFooting PressurePc AssumptionP0 + DP

Load Effects

Page 46: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

515

540

565

590

6150 3000 6000 9000 12000

Elev

atio

n, f

tPressure, psf

P0, OverburdenGlacial Lake StanleyFooting PressurePc AssumptionP0 + DP

515

540

565

590

6150 2 4 6 8

Elev

atio

n, f

t

Settlement, in

Uc = 100%Uc = 75%Uc = 50%Uc = 25%

Page 47: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 48: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

SETTLEMENT MANAGEMENT

Page 49: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Wick Drains

Page 50: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Wick Drains

Page 51: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 52: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Wick Drains

Page 53: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Example Bridge

14” 10” (5-20 years w/o wicks) 6” 8”

Settlement Estimates – Soil Only, no footing pressures

Page 54: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Change in Plan

Wick Drains Installed throughSand Drainage Layer

Page 55: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Change in Plan

Pre-Load to this Elev.

7” (6 month wait for T90)

Settlement Estimates

Page 56: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Change in Plan

EPS Block

H-Piles

Less than 0.4” remains (ZERO Downdrag!!!!!)

Settlement Estimates

Page 57: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Placement of EPS and Geogrid behind sheeting.

Page 58: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Example Bridge

Page 59: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Wick Drains Installed throughSand Drainage Layer

Page 60: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Pre-Load to Full Height

(2 month wait) 7”

Settlement Estimates

Page 61: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

EPS Block

Remove Pre-Load, Piles, and Partial EPS

Est. Settlement =60% of “all-sand” pre-load

Page 62: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 63: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 64: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Piling Analyses

• Axial Resistance• Lateral Resistance: batter vs COM624P• Bridge Approach Fill Settlement• Downdrag Negative Skin Friction

Page 65: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Axial Capacity: Driven into Shale RockWith about ……

400 Kip Side Resistance100+ kip Tip/Bottom Resistance

HP14x73

Page 66: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 67: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 68: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 69: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 70: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

0.4” settlement

Page 71: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

515

540

565

590

6150 3000 6000 9000 12000

Elev

atio

n, f

tPressure, psf

P0, OverburdenGlacial Lake StanleyFooting PressurePc AssumptionP0 + DP

515

540

565

590

6150 2 4 6 8

Elev

atio

n, f

t

Settlement, in

Uc = 100%Uc = 75%Uc = 50%Uc = 25%

0.4"

250 kip

320 kip

350 kip360 kip

Page 72: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

515

540

565

590

6150 3000 6000 9000 12000

Elev

atio

n, f

tPressure, psf

P0, OverburdenGlacial Lake StanleyFooting PressurePc AssumptionP0 + DP

515

540

565

590

6150 2 4 6 8

Elev

atio

n, f

t

Settlement, in

Uc = 100%Uc = 75%Uc = 50%Uc = 25%

0.4"

250 kip

320 kip

350 kip360 kip

220 kip

310 kip

340 kip

355 kip

0.5"

An extra 0.1” allowance for elastic pile shortening….

Page 73: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 74: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

For Rndr = 500 kip HP14x73, 25% settlement remaining:

Rn = 500 – 220(250/400) = 362.5 kips

Qp = 0.75(362.5) – 220 = 52 kips/pile OUCH!!!!

Drive 500 kip pile, only 52 kip available for bridge weight!!!

NO GO!!

Page 75: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

PDA with Dynamic Signal Matching

Rsdd = 250/400(DD)…reduced side resistance during driving

Static Rs = 400 kips

Dynamic

Page 76: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

515

540

565

590

6150 3000 6000 9000 12000

Elev

atio

n, f

tPressure, psf

P0, OverburdenGlacial Lake StanleyFooting PressurePc AssumptionP0 + DP

515

540

565

590

6150 2 4 6 8

Elev

atio

n, f

t

Settlement, in

Uc = 100%Uc = 75%Uc = 50%Uc = 25%

0.4"

250 kip

320 kip

350 kip360 kip

220 kip

310 kip

340 kip

355 kip

0.5"

An extra 0.1” allowance for elastic pile shortening….

Page 77: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Pile Lateral Resistance

• COM624P• LPILE

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

-0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5

Dep

th B

elow

Foo

ting,

in

Lateral Deflection, in

9-kip

15-kip

20-kip

25-kip

30-kip

Lateral Load

Page 78: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

From “LPILE” Technical Manual

Page 79: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

W

Q

p

P = soil pressure

MV

From “LPILE” Technical Manual

Page 80: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

List of Recs Given To Bridge Engineer• Global Stability• Settlement Amounts and Rates• Spreads versus Deep Foundations• Lateral Resistances• Special Provisions/Materials Specifications• Construction Considerations

– Water control– Surface preparation– Temporary Walls– Vibrations– Geotechnical Instrumentation needed?

Page 81: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Doug Parmerlee

• Overview of Abutment Design Concepts

Page 82: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Geotechnical Engineering During Construction

Page 83: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Geotechnical Field Monitoring

• Pile Axial Capacity• Settlement Rates and Amounts• Geosynthetics: Limits/Continuity/Splicing• Lightweight Fills: Limits/Materials

Page 84: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

PDA with Dynamic Signal Matching

Page 85: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Static Pile Load Tests

Page 86: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

Soil Pore Pressure Dissipation

Page 87: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 88: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT
Page 89: Abutment Design Example Design Example Chris Byrum Doug Parmerlee Example Bridge Evaluate Existing Test Hole Data Not much before 1940 MDOT Housel Soil Mechanics 1940-80s ASTM SPT

M EI d zdx

=2

2

Michigan’s State Fossil:

Mastodon

Ancient Glacial Lake “Beach” on top ofGrand Portal Point, Pictured Rocks


Yearbook of the College for Women, 1940, University of ... BOOK of the CLASS of 1940 UNIVERSITY of PENNSYLVANIA 1740 1940 BICENTENNIAL MEDAL 1940 ALMANAC Editor-in-chief Marjorie Conley

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Christopher Byrum, Ph.D., P.E. - Michigan …...Christopher R. Byrum, PhD, PE (SME) and Douglas Parmerlee, PE (AECOM) 1:00 Increased LRFD Axial Resistance Factors for Piling Using

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UK Sheet Music Charts 1940 NEWmyweb.tiscali.co.uk/popmusichistory/Sheet_Music/1940.pdf · UK Sheet Music Charts 1940 Entered Last Week This Week ... 20-Jan-1940 11 BEER BARREL POLKA

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Bengal Money-Lenders Act, 1940 - wbrsrsa.orgwbrsrsa.org/exam_pdf/Bengal Money-Lenders Act, 1940.pdf · The Bengal Money-Lenders Act, 1940 Bengal Act X of 1940 [1st August, 1940] An

1940 Spring

1940 (larva)