abuse - apa divisions
TRANSCRIPT
A B U S E 1
Volume 24, Number 2 Division 28 - The American Psychological Association Summer, 1991
PRESIDENT'S LETTER
Klaus Miczek President, Division 28
Social Contract of Bychophannacologists
Support for and interest in psychopharmacology research comes from diverse sources, including some who are eager to develop more drugs and others whose mission is to re- duce, if not eliminate altogether, the use of drugs in our lives. Drugs are a mixed blessing, and most of our col- leagues in the American Psychological Association take a rather dim view of drugs in therapy, at most tolerating them as necessary evils. The current debate about prescription privileges for psychologists illustrates how objectionable chemical restraints and symptom management are for a therapist trying to get to the root of a complex disorder. These prejudices are not new, and psychopharmacologists have not succeeded in informing our skeptical colleagues and the community at large about the impressive insights into the detailed workings of environment-drug-behavior interactions that have accumulated during the past three decades.
Since the greatness and import of psychopharmacology as a field of inquiry and as a profession are not self-evident, it is essential for psychopharmacologists to demonstrate occasionally their raison d'etre. Just as review panels within our ivory towers or in our "invisible college" or in our grant- ing agencies desire to know what we have done lately, our curious practitioner colleagues and researchers in other life sciences need to be informed and periodically updated as to recent intriguing findings. Whether or not psychopharma- cology is a "hot" field, whether or not molecular biology is the "king's road" to insights and eventual therapeutic inter- vention in affective disorders, and how to link molecular, cellular, physiological and behavioral levels of inquiry into the complex interplay between environmental and genetic determinants of drug action throughout the life span are among the tough questions for science managers considering their portfolio. Will molecular genetics render behavioral
interventions for depression, alcoholism, or schizophrenia superfluous? With today's limited resources, such functional analysis of our behavioral and pharmacological interventions has to prove persuasively that it is worthy of support.
The governmental agencies that support psychopharma- cology research are again in the process of being reorgan- ized. Most significantly, the transfer of the research compo- nents of the ADAMHA institutes into the NIH structure (see page 2) will emphasize the managerial and budgetary split between service-targeted functions and research-oriented activities. How will clinical and basic behavioral research on drug abuse, alcoholism, and mental health survive in the NIH world? Considering the deemphasis and consequent exodus of behavioral research in the NIH during the past 10 years, there should be considerable concern and apprehension about support for behavioral pharmacology in the future. Treat- ments for individuals with dependencies for heroin, cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, and other psychoactive substances are experimental and in constant need of evaluation. Separating the treatment and research functions of ADAMHA runs the risk of reducing and delaying evaluative research and tech- nology transfer from basic research on medication to treat- ment units.
Congressional committees and the Secretary of Health and Human Services have to learn again about the value and benefit of psychopharmacological research, whether with human subjects or in animal preparations. Whenever large- scale bureaucratic reorganizations are instituted, the social contract between research scientists and the support agencies that execute the national health and science agenda has to be renegotiated. The essence of this negotiation is a demand for resources based on a demonstration of past performance. How feasible is the demand that those who manufacture and sell alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, or for that matter, certain antianxiety drugs support research into basic depend- ence processes and the necessary therapeutic interventions?
CONVENTION PROGRAM: SEE PAGES 3-6.
ADAMHA REORGANIZATION LIKELY
Legislation (S. 1306) has been introduced by Senators Kennedy and Hatch that would reorganize the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration (ADAMHA). The Act would separate the research and service programs now administered by ADAMHA and transfer the three ADAMHA research institutes (NIMH, NIDA, and NIAAA) to the National Institutes of Health. The legislation would reconstitute ADAMHA as the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Services Administration, which would consist of the Office for Substance Abuse Prevention, the Office for Treatment Improvement, and a new Office for Mental Health Services. Services research would be transferred to NIH with the research institutes. The bill would expand the purpose of NIMH to include the promotion of mental health, and the study of the psychological, social, and legal factors that influence behavior. In addition, the bill would create a medication development division within NIDA with broad authority to promote the development of anti-addiction medi- cations.
Science Directorate and other APA staff are developing, with input from members, an APA position on the proposed reorganization. For more information, call Andrea Solarz at (202) 955-7653.
ANIMALS IN RESEARCH
Hugh L. Evans Chair, Animals in Research
Neuroscientists Struggle with Primate Wellbeing
Many psychologists would have recognized the slippery concepts of "stress," "enrichment" and "optimal stimulation" that dominated a workshop on Wellbeing of Primates at the Society for Neuroscience meeting in October, 1990. At- tempts to quantify stress by defining it as a measurable bio- logical parameter (e.g., corticosteroid content of blood or urine) have not yielded consistent results. The problem, to this observer, is the circularity of the reasoning in this field that would not be tolerated in other fields of science. Stress is defined as any experimental maneuver that increases corti- sol level; then, the observation of a correlation between the supposed stress stimulus and the cortisol response is inter- preted as validating the definition of stress as a cortisol response. Problems arise when several, supposedly stressful, manipulations don't produce a reliable cortisol response.
D. Bowden (Univ. of WA) reported that steroid level exhibits a transient increase following many manipulations (tethering, change in cage size, blood sampling). Since
baseline level is recovered in 2-3 days, it is questionable that these procedures produce lasting "stress." The issue of pairing animals was discussed by V. Reinhardt (Univ. of WI), who began with the assumption that singly-housed macaques are "understimulated," and thus pairing them should provide "enrichment. " Unfortunately, the only crite- rion for beneficial effects was blood cortisol level. Since singly-housed males had the same cortisol levels as paired males, one might assume that pairing was ineffective in alter- ing stress, if one accepts cortisol level as defining stress. The paper by Crockett suggested pairing of females is feasi- ble because, although most fight and many fight hard enough to shed blood, these injuries "did not require medical atten- tion" and "were not stressful, since serum cortisol was not increased." A report by Line (Primate Newsletter 29:(4), 1990) termed the pairing of 5 macaques as "successful" because fighting was not so injurious as to require separation.
This observer has difficulty seeing how such fighting can be viewed as "successful" and "beneficial," when similar scratches and bites, if sufficient to draw blood, would be labeled as "cruel" if inflicted by a human rather than a conspecific. Research in this area must recognize the need for (1) a matched control group that does not receive the supposed "enrichment" but does receive increased human observation and measurement, (2) clearly defined outcome variables; many have been reluctant to define classes of behavior as "desirable" or "undesirable," but evaluation of the proposed manipulations is difficult without more rigorous outcome assessment. It does not seem advisable to rely on cortisol as an index of health and psychological wellbeing of primates. Changing cage size seems to have few, if any, effects that are lasting and measurable.
"SCIENCE, MEDICINE, AND ANIMALS"
Larry Byrd Yerkes Regional Primate Center, Emory University
An excellent source of information on the use of animals in research was published this year by the National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine. The document is entitled "Science, Medicine and Animals." Copies are avail- able from the National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Ave. N.W., P.O. Box 285, Washington, DC 20055, or by calling (800) 624-6242. The document is outstanding, and it gives excellent bibliographic references to document the value of laboratory research with animals and its benefits to animals and humans. Anyone involved in laboratory re- search should have at least one copy available for reference. I recommend that laboratory heads provide a copy to each person in the laboratory. The document costs $5.00 each, or as little as $2.50 per copy in multiples of ten or more.
1991 APA PROGRAM SCHEDULE: DIVISION 28
THURSDAY, AUGUST 15,1991
7:00-11:00 pm (MARRIOTT, Pacific East). Executive Committee Meeting.
macotherapeutic Options, Chair: Robert Balster (Med. Coll. of VA).
5:00-550 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Business Meeting, Chair: Klaus Miczek fHifts Univ.).
FRIDAY, AUGUST 16,1991 SATURDAY, AUGUST 17,1991
9:OO-10:50 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Symposium: Dependence Potential of Caffeine in Humans, Chair: Steven
Heishman (NIDA ARC), Discussant: Jack Henningfield (NIDA
ARC), Participants: 1. Larry Chait (Univ. of Chicago), Subjective and
Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Caffeine; 2. Roland Griffiths (Johns
Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine), Suzette Evans (NIDA ARC),
Reinforcing Effects of Caffeine in Humans; 3. Suzette Evans (NIDA
ARC), Roland Griffiths (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine),
Physical Dependence on Caffeine; 4. David Sachs (Palo Alto Center
for Pulmonary Disease Prevention), Caffeine-Nicotine Interactions
during Nicotine Withdrawal; 5. John Hughes (Univ. of VT), How
Caffeine Dependence Influences the Diagnosis and Treatment of
Behavioral Disorders.
11:00-11:50 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Invited Address: New Fellows I, Chair: Steven Fowler (UNV. of MS), Participants: 1.
May Kallman (Univ. of MS), Conditioned Tolerance and Dependence
to the Operant Effects of Benzodiazepines; 2. Brenna Bry (Rutgers
Univ.), Substance Abuse Prevention: Adolescent and Prenatal Prob-
lem-Solving and Explanatory Statements.
12:00-1250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Invited Address: James Barren (Lilly Research Laboratories), Anxiolytic Drugs: Novel
Developments, Chair: Roy Pickens (NIDA ARC).
1:OO-250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Symposium: Current Research on the Behavioral Pharmacology of Benzodiaze- pines, Chair: John Roache (Univ. of TX Health Science Center),
Discussant: Kimberly Kirby (Univ. of TX Health Science Center);
Participants: 1. Nancy Ator (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medi-
cine), Drug Reinforcement and Drug Discrimination with Benzodiaze-
pines in the Baboon; 2. John Roache (Univ. of TX Health Science
Center), Reinforcing and Stimulus Effects of Benzodiazepines in
Humans; 3. Richard Lister (NIAAA), Benzodiazepine-Induced Amne-
sia in Humans: A Comparison with other Amnesias; 4. Chris Sanner-
ud, Roland Griffiths (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine),
Assessment of Benzodiazepine Physical Dependence in Baboons.
3:00-350 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Invited Address: Young Psychopharmacologist Award, Chair: Larry Byrd (Yerkes
Regional Primate Research Center). Recipient: Robert Mansbach
(Medical College of VA), A Startle Response Model of Sensorimotor
Gating Deficits in Schizophrenia.
4:OO-450 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Presidential Address: Klaus Miczek P f t s U.), Aggression and Violence: Phar-
8:00-850 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Symposium: The Etiology of Alcoholism: Definition of Risk Factors, Chair: Steven
Schandler (Chapman College), Discussant: Michael Cohen (VAMC,
Long Beach, CA), Participants: 1. Peter Finn (IN UNV.), Alcoholism Risk and Psychophysiological Correlates of Behavioral Inhibition
System Deficits; 2. Steven Schandler (Chapman Coll.), Alcoholism
Risk and Visuospatial Processing; 3. Vicki Pollock (USC), Subgroups
of Men at Risk for Alcoholism.
9:00-950 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Invited Address: Herman Samson (Univ. of WA), Oral Alcohol Self-Administration in
the Rat: Environmental-Genetic Interactions, Chair: James Woods
(Univ. of MI Medical School).
10:OO-11:50 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Symposium: Future Direction in the Treatment of Nicotine Addiction, Chair:
Dorothy Hatsukami (Univ. of MN), Discussant: Neil Grunberg
(USUHS); Participants: 1. Jack Henningfield, Caroline Cohen, John
Slade, Stephen Goldberg (NIDA ARC), Is Nicotine More Addictive
than Heroin or Cocaine? 2. Maxine Stitzer (Johns Hopkins Univ.
School of Medicine), Behavioral Treatment of Nicotine Addiction; 3.
Dorothy Hatsukami (Univ. of MN), Clinical Trials with Nicotine
Replacement Therapies; 4. Jed Rose, Edward Levin (VAMC, Durham,
NC), Primary Reinforcement in the Maintenance of Cigarette Smok-
ing; 5. John Hughes, Paul Newhouse (Univ. of VT), Nicotine as a
Treatment for Medical and Psychiatric Disorders.
12:00-1250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Invited Address: Ellen Gritz (UCLA), Smoking Cessation in Cancer Patients: Biologi-
cal, Clinical, and Behavioral Considerations, Chair: Sharon Hall
(VAMC, San Francisco).
1 :00-150 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 220). Symposium: Caffeine and Human Behavior, Chair: Mary Mays (USA Research
Institute of Environmental Medicine), Discussant: Hams Lieberman
(USA Research Institute of Environmental Medicine), Participants: 1.
John Gabrieli (Northwestern Univ.), Hams Lieberman (USA Research
Institute of Environmental Medicine), Dietary Dose Effects of Caffeine
on Performance, Mood, and Memory; 2. Larry Matteson, Paul Naitoh,
Timothy Elsmore, Tamsin Kelly, Steven Gomez (Naval Health Re-
search Center), Robert Rubin (UCLA), Caffeine Effects on Cortisol
Levels and Performance during Sleep Deprivation; 3. Kristen Ander-
son (Northwestern Univ.), Caffeine and Cognitive Performance: Data
and a Theoretical Model; 4. Thomas Sobotka (FDA), Science and
Regulatory Status of Caffeine as a Food Chemical.
1:OO-150 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Symposium:
Cocaine Dependence: Behavioral and Pharmacological Treat- molts, Chair: John Grabowski (Univ. of TX Health Science Center),
Discussant: Richard Meisch (Univ. of TX Health Science Center),
Participants: 1. Kenzie Preston (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of
Medicine), A Laboratory Model for Testing Pharmacological Thera-
pies for Cocaine Abuse; 2. Ron Elk, Howard Rhoads, Kimberly
Kirby, John Grabowski (Univ. of TX Health Science Center), Behav-
ioral-Pharmacological Treatment of Cocaine Dependence; 3. Kimberly
Kirby, Robert Andres, Susan Landry, Howard Rhoades, Ron Elk,
John Grabowski (Univ. of TX Health Science Center), Behavioral
Treatments for Pregnant Cocaine and Opiate Abusing Women; 4.
Steven Higgins, Alan Budney, Dawn Delaney, Lisa Kent, Warren
Bickel, John Hughes (Univ. of VT), Community Reinforcement and
Contingency Management Treatment of Cocaine Dependence.
2:00-250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Invited Address:
George Koob (Research Institute of Scripps Clinic), The Neurobiology
of Drug Dependence: Evidence for an Opponent Process, Chair:
Klaus Miczek (Tufts Univ.).
3:00-350 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Invited Address:
George Bigelow (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine), Medica-
tion Development for Drug Abuse Treatment: Clinical Research
Approaches, Chair: John Grabowski (Univ. of TX Health Science
Center).
4:OO-550 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Hall A). Poster Session and
Social Hour, (with Divisions 3, 6, 21, & 25). Participants: 1. Jane
Acri, Neil Grunberg (USUHS), A Psychophysical Task to Quantify
Smoking Cessation-Induced Irritability; 2. Toby Ansfield, Vincent
Adesso (Univ. of WI-Milwaukee), Bruce Christiansen (Blue Cross and
Blue Shield of WI), Likert or Not: Two Answer Formats for the
Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire; 3. Julian Azorlosa, Maxine Stitzer
(Johns Hopkins Univ. of the Health Sciences), Acute Physical Depend-
ence in Opiate-Experienced and Opiate-Naive Males; 4. Bertrand
Berger, Vincent Adesso (Univ. of WI-Milwaukee), Alcohol Expectan-
cy, Beverage Preferences and Consumption Patterns Among College
Students; 5. DJ Bobelis, RL Balster (VA Commonwealth Univ.),
Discriminative Learning with a Compound Drug and Exteroceptive
Stimulus; 6. Alan Budney, Stephen Higgins, John Hughes, Warren
Bickel (Univ. of VT), Assessment of Caffeine and Nicotine Use in
Cocaine Dependent Individuals; 7. Richard Campbell (Univ. of TX
Southwestern Medical Center), Sebastian Striefel (UT State Univ.),
Dennis Odell (Developmental Center for Handicapped Persons), Phyl-
lis Cole (UT State Univ.), Sunita Steward (Univ. of TX Southwestern
Medical Center), ADHD and UADD: Differential Effects of Stimulant
Medication; 8. Marilyn Carroll (Univ. of MN), Severity of Drug
Withdrawal Effects is Altered by Behavioral Economic Variables; 9.1.
Michael Chase and Stephen Fowler (Univ. of MS), Cocaine Differen-
tially Affects Enriched and Isolated Rats' Attentional Performance; 10.
Desmond Coen (Workers Compensation Board of British Columbia),
Defeated Humans Show Analgesia: Endogenous Opioids Implicated;
11. Caroline Cohen, Aleksandras Radzius, Eric Simmons, Jack Hen-
ningfield (NIDA ARC), Time Course of Buccal Nicotine Absorption;
12. Mark Egli, Don Cherek (Univ. of TX Health Science Center),
Secobarbital Effects on Humans' Lever Pressing Suppressed by
Response Contingent Point Loss; 13. Jane Ellis, C. Anne Patterson-
Barnett, Larry Byrd (Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center),
Characterizing Neurobehavioral Development in Monkeys Using
Modified Bayley and Brazelton Scales; 14. Maria Felix-Ortiz (Univ. of
CA), Michael Newcomb (USC), Protective and Risk Factors for Drug
Use: A Longitudinal Analysis; 15. Stephen Fowler, Patrick Hopkins,
J. Michael Chase, Mary Kallrnan, Candice Murphy-Farmer (Univ. of
MS), Cocaine Quickens the High-speed Forelimb Movements of
Enriched Rats; 16. David Gauvin, Frank Holloway (Univ. of OK
Health Sciences Center), Generalization of an Ecologically Relevant
Stimulus to the Pentylenetetrazole Cue; 17. David Gauvin, Frank
Holloway (Univ. of OK Health Sciences Center), Historical and
Environmental Factors in the Development of ETOH Conditioned
Place Preference (CPP); 18. Mary Gentile, Jesse Milhy (Univ. of AL),
An Investigation of Methadone Maintenance Detoxification Fear
Components; 19. Lawrence Greenfield, Robert Brooner, George
Bigelow (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine), Changes in Drug
Abusers' HN-1 Risk Behavior; 20. Stephen Heishman, Laura Rich-
ards, Jack Henningfield (NIDA ARC), Effect of Nicotine on Cognitive
and Psychomotor Performance in Nonsmokers; 21. Leonard Howell,
Larry Byrd (Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center), Chronic
Administration of D2-Selective Dopamine Antagonists Enhances Sensi-
tivity to Cocaine; 22. William Hunt, Rose Orozco (Claremont McKen-
na College), Reinforcing Effects of Caffeine via Cola; 23.
Thomas Kelly, Richard Foltin, Marian Fischman (Johns Hopkins
Univ. School of Medicine), Alcohol, Instructions and Aggressive
Behavior: Acute and Cumulative Dose Effects; 24. Julia Lee (The
Marin Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Other Drug Prob-
lems), Alcohol Intake and Alcohol Sensitivity: U-Shaped Curve for
Ethnic Groups; 25. Brian Levine, Mark Goldman (Univ. of S. FL),
Alcohol Expectancies, Imagined and in vivo Situations: Relationship to
Drinking Patterns; 26. Anthony Liguori (Boston Univ.), Ethanol as a
Forageable Commodity: Effects of Search Cost; 27. Robert Malow,
Tanya Bannister, Sheila Corrigan, A. Mark Calkins, Jose Pena (VA
Medical Center, New Orleans), Relationship of Anxiety, Depression,
and Drug Use to HIV Risk Behavior; 28. Robert Malow, Jeffrey West,
Sheila Comgan, Jose Pena, W. Criss Lott (VA Medical Center, New
Orleans), Psychopathology Differences Between Cocaine and Speed-
ball Users; 29. L. Stephen Miller, Charles Strople, James Griffin,
Elizabeth Jenkins, Suzanne Hasseltine, Thomas Lombardo, Stephen
Fowler (Univ. of MS), Caffeine and Time of Day Effects on Human
Physiological Tremor; 30. Carolyn Morse, Vincent Adesso (Univ. of
WI-Milwaukee), Family History and Alcohol Problems in Impulsive
and Nonimpulsive Individuals; 31. Ricardo Pellon, Jonathan Katz
(NIDA ARC), Scratching Induced by Dopamine D-2 Agonists in
Squirrel Monkeys; 32. DM Penetar, DR Thorne, UD McCann, JB
Fertig, ASD Schelling, ML Thomas, HC Sing, GL Belenky (Walter
Reed Army Institute of Research), Caffeine Effects on Alertness and
Performance Following Sleep Deprivation; 33. Craig Rush, Stephen
Higgins, Warren Bickel, John Hughes (Univ. of VT), Effects of Triaz-
olam and Lorazepam on Human Learning and Performance; 34. CA
Sannerud, AJG Alastra, PL Harger (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of
Medicine), Contingent Tolerance to Chlordiazepoxide (CDP) in Rats:
Differential Effects of Benzodiazepine (BZ) and Non-BZ Drugs; 35.
Kenneth Silverman, Kimberly Kirby, Roland Griffiths (Johns Hopkins
Univ. School of Medicine), Contextual Modulation of Human Stimu-
lant Self-Administration; 36. AW Stacy, MD Newcomb, PM Bentler
(UCLA), Cognitive Motivations, Sensation Seeking, and Drinking
Problems: A Longitudinal Study; 37. JM Stapleton, BCK Yung, ML
Spurgeon, MJ Morgan, RL Phillips, NG Cascella, JH Jaffe, DF
Wong, ED London (NLDA ARC and Johns Hopkins Medical Institu-
tions), Personality Characteristics in Substance Abuse and Relationship
to Physiological Parameters in Humans; 38. RE Steinpreis, KJ Mahan,
DJ Reser, JD Salamone (Univ. of CT), PCP-Induced Abnormal Social
Behavior: Possible Relation to Schizophrenic Pharmacology; 39. Dace
Svikis, Mary McCaul (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine),
Drug-free Outpatient Treatment: Changing Client Characteristics and
Outcome; 40. P Terry, JM Witkin, JL Katz (NIDA ARC), Changes in
the Stimulus Effects of Cocaine with Training Dose; 41. E Tirelli, JM
Witkin (NIDA ARC), Behavioral Rebound Hypersensitivity of Dopa-
minergic Function after Acute Cocaine; 42. Joseph Troisi, Thomas
Critchfield, Roland Griffiths (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medi-
cine), The Reinforcing and Subjective Effects of Buspirone and Lo-
razepam; 43. JA Vivian, KA Miczek (Tufts Univ.), Opioid Suppres-
sion of Male and Female Ultrasounds during Social Defeat; 44. Ellen
Walker, Alice Young (Wayne State Univ.), Comparison of Opioid
Agonists in Analgesia and Drug Discrimination Assays.
SUNDAY, AUGUST 18,1991
9:00-950 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 224). Invited Address: New Fellows 11, Chair: Nancy Ator (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of
Medicine), Participants: 1. Henry Marcucella (Boston Univ.) Ethanol
Consumption as a Function of Schedule of Access; 2. Timothy Schal-
lert (Univ. of TX at Austin), Neuronal Rescue and Plasticity Promo-
tion by Pharmacotherapy after Brain Damage.
10:00-1050 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Invited Address: Joe Martinez (Univ. of CA, Berkeley), How to Increase and Decrease
the Strength of Memory Traces: The Role of Opioids, Chair: Alice
Young (Wayne State Univ.).
1:00-250 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 212). Symposium: Drug Abuse Treatment: Integration of Behavioral and Pharmacological Approaches, Chair: Maxine Stitzer (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of
Medicine), Discussant: George Bigelow (Johns Hopkins Univ. School
of Medicine), Participants: 1. Thomas McLellan, George Woody,
David Metzger, Charles O'Brien (Univ. of PA School of Medicine),
Counseling Level Effects in Methadone Treatment; 2. Donald Calsyn
(Univ. of WA School of Medicine), Effective Utilization of Urinalysis
Results, 3. Michael Kidorf, Maxine Stitzer (Johns Hopkins Univ.
School of Medicine), Community-Based Contingency Programs for
Methadone Maintenance Patients; 4. Richard Rawson (Matrix Center),
Pharmacotherapy Plus Intensive Outpatient Treatment for Cocaine
Dependency; 5. Dawn Delaney, Steven Higgins, Alan Bidney, Lisa
Kent, Warren Bickel (Univ. of VT), Treatment of Cocaine Depend-
ence with Disulfiram (cosponsored with Division 25).
MONDAY, AUGUST 19,1991
8:OO-850 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Paper Session: ADHD and Methylphenidate: Effects on Classroom Functioning and Intemalizhg Symptomatology, Chair: Mark Rapport (UNV. of
HI), Participants: 1. Mark Rapport (Univ. of HI), Attention Deficit
Disorder: Methylphenidate Dose-Response Effects on Classroom
Behavior; 2. Russell Barkley, George DePaul (Univ. of MA), Psychos-
timulant Response of Children with ADHD: Interaction with Intemal-
izing Symptoms; 3. George DePaul (Univ. of MA), Attention Deficit
Disorder: Does Methylphenidate Normalize Classroom Functioning?
9:OO-10:50 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Symposium: Commonalities in Stimulus Equivalence and Drug Discrimination Research, Chair: Warren Bickel (Univ. of VT), Discussant: Chris-
Ellyn Johanson (USUHS); Participants: 1. Richard Serna, Gina
Green (EK Shriver Center for Mental Retardation), Functional Analy-
sis of Contextual Stimulus Control; 2. KJ Saunders, RR Saunders, JE
Spradlin (Univ. of KS), Current Issues in Stimulus Class Research; 3.
Richard DeGrandpre, Warren Bickel, Stephen Higgins, John Hughes
(Univ. of VT), Functionally Equivalent Stimulus Control over Re-
sponding by Exteroceptive and Interoceptive Stimuli; 4. Warren Bick-
el, Richard DeGrandpre, Stephen Higgins, John Hughes (Univ. of
VT), Stimulus Control over Responding by Exteroceptive and Intero-
ceptive Stimuli: Drug Studies (cosponsored with Division 25).
10:OO-1150 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 226). Paper Session: Recent Findings in the Neurobiology of Drug Abuse, Chair: Steven
Dworkin (Bowman Gray Sch. of Med.), Participants: 1. Aaron Etten-
berg (Univ. of CA, Santa Barbara), Reinforcing and Anxiogenic
Properties of Self-Administered Cocaine; 2. Mark Geyer (UCSD),
MDMA and the Psychopharmacology of Presynaptic Serotonin Releas-
ers; 3. Kathryn Cunningham, Patrick Callahan (Univ. of TX, Galves-
ton), Neural Mediators of the Discriminative Stimulus Effects of
Cocaine; 4. Steven Dworkin (Bowman Gray Sch. of Med.), Changes
in Neurotransmitter Tumover Associated with Cocaine Reinforcement;
5. Ronald Kuczenski (UCSD), Relationship of Psychostimulant
Monoarninergic and Behavioral Response Profiles (with Division 6).
12:OO-150 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 200). Paper Session: Imaging Technologies to Study Drugs and Behavior, Chair: John
Metz (Univ. of Chicago); Participants: 1. Linda Porrino (Bowman
Gray School of Medicine), Metabolic Mapping of the Effects of
Abused Drugs in Animals; 2. Harriet De Wit, John Metz, Malcolm
Cooper (Univ. of Chicago), Methodological Issues in PET Studies of
Drugs of Abuse; 3. Nora Volkow, David Schlyer, Joanna Fowler,
Gene Wong, Robert MacGregor, Alfred Wolf (Brookhaven National
Laboratory), Receptor Ligand Studies Using PET; 4. Scott Lukas,
Elena Kouri, Michelle Fortin, Leslie Amass (McLean Hospital),
Topographic Mapping and Source Localization of EEG and ERP
Dipoles; 5. Thomas Aigner, Joseph Frank (NIMH), Functional Mag-
netic Resonance Imaging of Cocaine-Treated Rhesus Monkeys (with
Division 6).
1 :00-150 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 222). Paper Session:
Drug Abuse Treatment: Pharmacological and Psychological
Variables, Chair: Dace Svikis (Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Med.);
Participants: 1. Maria Costantini, Tamara Wall, James Sorensen,
David Gibson (UCSF), Coupons Brhg Untreated Addicts into Detoxi-
fication; 2. Richard Foltin (Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Med.), The
Analysis of Cocaine Choice in Human Subjects; 3. Mark Litt, Ronald
Kadden (Univ. of CT Health Center), Ned Cooney (VAMC, West
Haven), Herbert Getter (Univ. of CT), Matching Alcoholics to Coping
Skills or Interactional Therapies; 4. Mary McCaul, Dace Svikis,
Deborah Mangold (Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Med.), Counselor-
Targeted Interventions: Effects on Client Participation in Drug Treat-
ment; 5. Jesse Milby (VA Medical Center, Birmingham), Mary
Simms, Mary Gentile (Univ. of AL), Ann Hohmann (NIMH), Thomas
McLellan, George W y (Univ. of PA), Neil Haas (UCLA): Detoxi-
fication Fear: Its Persistence and Role in Methadone Maintenance.
2:00-350 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 224). Symposium: From
Opioid Receptors to Behavior and Vice Versa, Chair: James Woods
(Univ. of MI Medical School), Discussant: Linda Dykstra (UNC),
Participants: 1. James Woods (Univ. of MI Medical School), Intro-
duction to Receptor Theory; 2. Sandra Comer (Univ. of MI), Affinity
of Opioid Antagonists; 3. Charles France (Univ. of MI), Relative
Efficacy of Opioid Agonists: A Behavioral Analysis; 4. Alice Young
(Wayne State Univ.), Tolerance and Receptors.
OTHER EVENTS OF INTEREST TO DIVISION 28
Continuing Education Master Lecture Series: PSYCHOPHARMA-
COLOGY, (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 206):
Friday, 3:00-4:50 pm: Chris-Ellyn Johanson, Principles of Drug Action.
Saturday, 10:00-1150 am: Linda Dykstra, Understanding Drug Action.
Saturday, 2:00-350 pm: John Hughes, Principles of Phannacotherapy for
Mental Disorders.
Sunday, 12:00-150 pm: B. Weiss, Behavioral Toxicology Creates a New
Agenda for Assessing the Risks of Environmental Pollution.
Monday, 10:00-11:50 am: G. Alan Marian, Substance Abuse: Etiology,
Prevention and Treatment Issues.
SCIENCE DIRECTORATEISCIENCE WEEKEND
Sunday's Thane: Scientific Bases of Psychological Interventions
9:OO-1050 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 301) Symposium:
Scientific Basis for Drug Abuse Treatment, Chair: Travis Thompson
with Robert Balster, George Bigelow, Steven Higgins.
11:00 am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 2741276). Invited Address:
Charles Schuster, The Necessity of Animals in Substance Abuse
Research; Chair: Lewis Seiden.
11:OO am (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 301). Invited Address:
Richard Evans, Theory-based Models in Prevention of AIDS in Ado-
lescents; Chair: Bertram Raven.
2:00 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 306). Invited Address: Enoch
Goodis, NIAAA, Chair: Peter Nathan.
3:00 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 306). Invited Address: Alan
Leshner, NIMH, Chair: Bonnie Strickland.
4:00 pm (MARRIOTT, Marina Room AIB). Invited Address: Fred
Goodwin, ADAMHA, Research on the Coexistence of Mental and
Addictive Disorders: New Opportunities, New Challanges; Chair: Pat
DeLeon (Reception to Follow).
PRACTICE DIRECTORATE
Satuday, 1:00-250 pm (MARRIOTT, Marina Room A/B). Miniconven-
tion: Issues in Prescription Privileges for Psychologists: A F'redoc-
toral Curriculum, Robert Balster (Medical College of Virginia).
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION O F
GRADUATE STUDENTS
Friday, 12:00-1250 pm Symposium: Substance Abuse Treatment: Clini-
cal Hazards and Legal Values.
Saturday, 3:00-4:50 pm Symposium: Psychologists in Substance Abuse:
Current Opportunities, Chair: Joan Zweben (East Bay Community
Recovery Project), Discussant: George DeLeon (Community Studies
Institute), Participants: 1. Charles Schuster (NIDA), Opportunities for
Psychologists through NIDA; 2. Marian Fischman (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine), Behavioral Pharmacology: Research with
Human Subjects; 3. Thomas McClellan and Arthur Alterman (VAMC,
Philadelphia), The Role of Psychologists in VA Substance Abuse
Treatment and Research; 4. James Sorensen and Sharon Hall (UCSF),
Treatment Research in Drug Abuse; 4. Joan Zweben (East Bay
Community Recovery Project), Opportunities for Clinicians in Sub-
stance Abuse.
PUBLIC INFORMATION COMMITTEE/DMSION 46
Friday, 3:OO-450 pm (CONVENTION CENTER, Room 309). Work-
shop: Gaining Public Support for Scientific Psychology: The Scientist
and the Media. Participants: 1. Perry Buffington (author, radio
commentator): Edward D ~ ~ e r S t e i n (Univ. of CA, Santa Barbara); 3.
Tiffany Field (Univ. of Miami, FL); 4. Lawrence Kutner (columnist,
New York limes ). Chair: Frank Farley (Univ, of WI, Madison).
DIVISION 28 MEMBERS RECEIVE HONORS
Schuster Elected to Institute of Medicine (from ADAMHA NEWS, Vol XVII, #1, March-April 1991)
NIDA Director [and Division 28 Fellow] Charles R. Schuster, Ph.D., has been elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences' Institute of Medicine (IOM). Dr. Schuster was nominated in recognition of his pioneering contribution to behavioral pharmacology and his intemation- ally recognized expertise on the pharmacology of drugs of abuse. While serving as director of the University of Chica- go's Drug Research Center, Dr. Schuster created the stand- ard animal model for studying addiction, which replicates the compulsive drug-seeking behavior seen in people addicted to drugs. Dr. Schuster was also honored for his work on the behavioral and environmental determinants and consequences of drug administration, and his active interest in drug abuse epidemiology, treatment and policy issues.
The purpose of the Institute is the advancement of the health sciences, education, and the improvement of health care. Election both confers one of the highest honors in biomedical science and entails an obligation to work on behalf of the organization, including commitment of a signif- icant amount of volunteer time to serving on committees engaged in a broad range of studies on health policy issues.
Henningfield Receives World No-Tobacco Day Medal
On the occasion of the 4th World No-Tobacco Day, held this year with the theme of tobacco-free public places and transport, and traditionally celebrated in member states of the World Health Organization (WHO), a ceremony was held on May 3 1, 1991 at WHO Headquarters in Geneva. Individuals and organizations involved in tobacco control were presented by Dr. Mohammed Abdelmoumene, Deputy Director-Gener- al, with the WHO Tobacco or Health Medal.
Among the awardees was Division 28 member Jack Henningfield, Chief, Clinical Pharmacology Branch, Addic- tion Research Center, NIDA, Baltimore, MD, who was recognized for having made highly significant contributions to understanding the addictive nature of nicotine and tobacco, as well as to methods of treating addiction. Other awardees inc:luded Dr. Abdel Rahman Al-Awadi, former Minister of Public Health in Kuwait, who has led an anti-smoking campaign in the Gulf countries; Air Canada, the first airline to ban smoking on transatlantic flights; Prof. Joseph Mbada, Minister of Public Health of Cameroon, who has worked actively against tobacco; and Spirou, a Belgian weekly widely known among French-speaking youth, which has been involved for several years in tobacco or health education of children and adolescents.
OPEN POSITIONS
Behavioral PharmacoIogist/Toxicologist: Postdoctoral position is
available for basic and applied research in evaluating preclinical efficacy and
safety of potential drug abuse treatment compounds, in a lab consisting of
behavioral pharmacologists and medicinal chemists. Particular focus is on
treatments for cocaine and amphetamine abuse and toxicity in animal mod-
els. Applicant, with a background in pharmacology or behavioral neurosci-
ence, must have received a Ph.D. within the last 3 years. Send CV and 2
representative publications to Dr. J.M. Witkin, Drug Development Group,
NJDA Addiction Research Center, P.O. Box 5180, Baltimore, MD 21224.
NIDA is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
Behavioral pharmacologist: Behavioral pharmacologist position
available in the CNS Pharmacology Department of Novo Nordisk's CNS
Division in Maaloev, Denmark. Candidate must meet the following re-
quirements: Some postdoctoral experience, preferably in the pharmacology
of psychosis, epilepsy, or ischemialneurodegeneration; high potential for
creative and original scientific research that may lead to new projects; ability
to work in a project-oriented environment; ability to collaborate in a multi-
disciplinary setting. Excellent working conditions in newly-built CNS
Research facilities in the beautiful countryside of Maaloev, 20 kilometers
north of Copenhagen; many possibilities for personal and professional
development in a large CNS Research and Development group (+250
people) with a strong emphasis on drug discovery. Applications, including
CV, should be forwarded to the Personnel Department, Health Care Group,
Novo Nordisk AIS, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, quoting ref. no. 318,
before September lst, 1991. Further information may be obtained from Dr.
Erik B. Nielsen, Head of CNS Pharmacology, tel. +45 4444 8888, ext.
3605; FAX +45 4298 5007. Novo Nordisk AIS is one of the world's lead-
ing hiotechnology companies. It is a major force in insulin manufacture and
diabetes treatment and is the world's largest producer of industrial enzymes;
it also manufactures and markets a variety of other pharmaceutical and
bioindustrial products. The company has offices in over 120 countries and
employs approximately 8,500 people.
Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Behavioral Medicine. We expect to
open a second 1-2 year postdoctoral research fellowship in human psycho-
pharmacology and substance abuse, with a particular focus on nicotine; can
start as soon as January, 1992. The trainee will collaborate on laboratory-
based projects using pharmacological probes and examining the involvement
of corticosteroids in smoking and/or gender differences in smoking. Some
of these projects represent growth areas for our laboratory and will allow the
trainee to participate in the early stages of development of new lines of
research. Instruction in psychopharmacology, neuruendocrinology, andlor
statisticslresearch methodology will be provided, depending on the needs
and background of the trainee. Persons with M.D. or Ph.D. (in hand or
expected shortly) in experimental psychology, pharmacology, or other
relevant disciplines are invited to apply. Salary is competitive. Send letter
of interest, CV, and 3 letters of recommendation to Cynthia S. Pomerleau,
Ph.D., Director, Behavioral Medicine Laboratory, Univ. of MI Dept. of
Psychiatry, R ive~ iew Bldg., 900 Wall St., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, tel (313)
764-7152. The Univ. of MI is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action
Employer.
DIVISION 28 OFFICERS: Elected: President
President-Elect
Past-President
Council Representative
Members-at-large
Appointed: Treasurer
Secretary
Program Chair, 199 1
Past-Program Chair
Incoming Program Chair
Klaus Miczek
(617) 381-3414
Ronald W. Wood
(914) 351-4249
Robert L. Balster
(804) 786-8402
Stephen C. Fowler
(601) 232-7383
Alice M. Young
(3 13) 577-3290
Robert Sprague
(217) 333-4123
Marilyn E. Carroll
(612) 626-6289
Jack E. Henningfield
(301) 550-1494
Stephen T. Higgins
(802) 660-3066
David Penetar
(301) 427-5521
Warren K. Bickel
(802) 660-3067
Nancy Ator
(301) 955-3135
Term
8/89-8192
8190-8193
9188-819 1
2/91-1194
9/88-8191
8/89-8192
8190-8193
8/88-8191
8/88-8191
8\89-8192
9/88-8191
8190-8193
Newsletter Editor
Membership Chair
CPDD Liaison
Public Information
ASPET Liaison Officers
APA Public Affairs Liaison
APS Liaison
Committee on Nominations
Neurobehavioral Tox. Committee
Committee on Animal Research
Committee on Prescript. Priv.
Centennial Officer
Cynthia S. Pomerleau
(313) 764-7152
Stephen C. Fowler
(601) 232-7383
Robert L. Balster
(804) 786-8402
John G. Grabowski
(713) 792-7925
Alice M. Young
(313) 577-3290
Chris Johanson
(301) 295-3470
Donald Overton
(215) 787-1534
Larry D. Byrd
(404) 727-7730
Ronald W. Wood
(914) 35 1-4249
Hugh L. Evans
(914) 351-4249
Marlyne Kilbey
(3 13) 577-2802
Herbert Barry
(412) 648-8563
NEWSLETTER DEADLINES (Newsletter appears 4-6 weeks later):
Fall issue: September 15 Spring Issue: March 15
Winter issue: December 15 Summer Issue: June 15
Cynthia S. Pomerleau, Ph.D. Editor, Division 28 Newsletter Behavioral Medicine Program University of Michigan Department of Psychiatry Riverview Building, 900 Wall Street Ann Arbor, MI 48105
c03ei0*tç95 F CS? 16y5 %? I f I C T O à S L A T I E S SCM OF W E D U N I V OF ROCHESTER BOX EHSC R O C h E S T E R w -2