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ABSTRACT LAKOAN, MR. 2014. ANTIARTHRITIS ACTIVITY OF BROTOWALI STEM (Tinospora cordifolia W) AND CIPLUKAN PLANT (Physallis angulata L) ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS COMBINATION ON COMPLETE FREUND’S ADJUVANT INDUCED ARTHITIS RAT. Arthritis is a general term inflammation (inflammation) and swelling the joints. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease (a disease that occurs when the body is attacked by its own immune system) which caused the long inflammation of joints. This disease attacks and affects many joints, signed by the inflammation of the synovial membrane and joint structures as well as atrophy of the muscles and bones. This study purposed to determine the antiartritis effect of the brotowali stem and ciplukan plants ethanol extract and the combinations of both of these plants on white male rat wistar strain. The antiarthritis effect test depends by 5 groups, each group was induced by Complete Freund's adjuvant. The first group was treated with the brotowali stem extract (200 mg/kg BB), the second group was given the ciplukan plant extract (250 mg/kg BB), the third group was given a combination of brotowali stem ethanol extract and plant ciplukan ethanol extract (0,5:0,5), the fourth group was given triamcinolone (0,036 mg/kg BB), and the fifth group was given 1 % CMC. The parameters that being used to measure the antiartritis effect of the brotowali stem and ciplukan plants ethanol extract are the increasing of rats body weight and the decreasing of edema volume that was measured before treatment until the 8 th day of treatment, the other parameter that being used are the decreasing of leukocyte counter and the result of histopathology test. Overall the results showed the decreasing of antiarthritis percent volume parameters edema seen on the group that given brotowali stem extract (378,15), ciplukan plant (353,95), and combinations of brotowali stem and ciplukan plant (327,39). The decreasing number of leukocyte counter showed by the brotowali stem group (17,600 mm3) and combination of brotowali stem and ciplukan plant (19,400 mm3). The result of histopathology test activity showed in the combination of brotowali stem and ciplukan plant (118,2 µm), and ciplukan plant (109,7 µm). Based on two-way

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Page 1: ABSTRACT Kak Michi

ABSTRACT

LAKOAN, MR. 2014. ANTIARTHRITIS ACTIVITY OF BROTOWALI STEM (Tinospora cordifolia W) AND CIPLUKAN PLANT (Physallis angulata L) ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS COMBINATION ON COMPLETE FREUND’S ADJUVANT INDUCED ARTHITIS RAT.

Arthritis is a general term inflammation (inflammation) and swelling the joints. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease (a disease that occurs when the body is attacked by its own immune system) which caused the long inflammation of joints. This disease attacks and affects many joints, signed by the inflammation of the synovial membrane and joint structures as well as atrophy of the muscles and bones. This study purposed to determine the antiartritis effect of the brotowali stem and ciplukan plants ethanol extract and the combinations of both of these plants on white male rat wistar strain.

The antiarthritis effect test depends by 5 groups, each group was induced by Complete Freund's adjuvant. The first group was treated with the brotowali stem extract (200 mg/kg BB), the second group was given the ciplukan plant extract (250 mg/kg BB), the third group was given a combination of brotowali stem ethanol extract and plant ciplukan ethanol extract (0,5:0,5), the fourth group was given triamcinolone (0,036 mg/kg BB), and the fifth group was given 1 % CMC. The parameters that being used to measure the antiartritis effect of the brotowali stem and ciplukan plants ethanol extract are the increasing of rats body weight and the decreasing of edema volume that was measured before treatment until the 8th day of treatment, the other parameter that being used are the decreasing of leukocyte counter and the result of histopathology test.

Overall the results showed the decreasing of antiarthritis percent volume parameters edema seen on the group that given brotowali stem extract (378,15), ciplukan plant (353,95), and combinations of brotowali stem and ciplukan plant (327,39). The decreasing number of leukocyte counter showed by the brotowali stem group (17,600 mm3) and combination of brotowali stem and ciplukan plant (19,400 mm3). The result of histopathology test activity showed in the combination of brotowali stem and ciplukan plant (118,2 µm), and ciplukan plant (109,7 µm). Based on two-way ANOVA statistic test, the antiarthitis activity comparable to the triamcinolone effect (P > 0.05)

Keywords : Tinospora cordifolia W, Physallis angulata L, extract, anti-arthritis

Page 2: ABSTRACT Kak Michi

INTISARI

LAKOAN, MR. 2014. AKTIVITAS ANTIARTRITIS KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL BATANG BROTOWALI (Tinospora cordifolia W) DAN TANAMAN CIPLUKAN (Physallis angulata L) TERHADAP TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI COMPLETE FREUND’S ADJUVANT. SRIPSI. FAKULTAS FARMASI. UNIVERSITAS SETIA BUDI. SURAKARTA.

Artritis adalah istilah umum bagi peradangan (inflamasi) dan pembengkakan di daerah persendian. Rheumatoid arthritis merupakan penyakit autoimun (penyakit yang terjadi pada saat tubuh diserang oleh sistem kekebalan tubuhnya sendiri) yang mengakibatkan peradangan dalam waktu lama pada sendi. Penyakit ini menyerang persendian dan biasanya mengenai banyak sendi, ditandai dengan radang pada membran sinovial dan struktur-struktur sendi serta terjadi atrofi pada otot dan tulang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek antiartritis ekstrak etanol batang brotowali dan tanaman ciplukan serta kombinasi kedua tanaman ini pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar.

Pengujian efek antiartritis dilakukan dengan 5 kelompok perlakuan, tiap kelompok diinduksi Complete freund’s adjuvant. Kelompok pertama diberi perlakuan ekstrak batang brotowali (200 mg/kg BB), kelompok kedua diberi ekstrak tanaman ciplukan (250 mg/kg BB), kelompok ketiga diberi kombinasi batang brotowali dan tanaman ciplukan (0,5:0,5), kelompok keempat diberi triamsinolon (0,036 mg/kg BB), dan kelompok kelima diberi CMC 1 %. Parameter yang digunakan peningkatan berat badan dan penurunan volume udema yang diukur dari hari ke-0 sampai hari ke-8, parameter lain yang digunakan adalah dengan melihat adanya penurunan leukosit dan uji histopatologi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efek antiartritis dari parameter total aktivitas persen penurunan volume udema dilihat pada aktivitas kelompok batang brotowali (378,15), kelompok tanaman ciplukan (353,95), dan kombinasi batang brotowali brotowali dan tanaman ciplukan (327,39). Penurunan jumlah leukosit dilihat pada aktivitas kelompok batang brotowali (17,600 mm3) dan kombinasi batang brotowali dan tanaman ciplukan (19,400). Uji histopatologi dilihat pada aktivitas kelompok kombinasi batang brotowali dan tanaman ciplukan (118,2 µm) dan kelompok tanaman ciplukan (109,7 µm). Berdasarkan uji statistik ANOVA dua jalan aktivitas antiartitis yang ditunjukkan sebanding dengan efek triamsinolon (P>0,05)

Kata kunci : Tinospora cordifolia W, Physallis anggulata L, ekstrak, anti-artritis