abstract book phymas 2019 - universiti teknologi maracommittee (food) dr noor asnida asli head of...

Asian Conference of Technology, Science & Innovation

Physics and Materials Symposium 2019

ABSTRACT BOOK

PhyMaS

2019



ACOTSI 2019 Committees

PATRON Prof. Dr Hjh Farida Zuraina Mohd Yusof

ADVISOR Prof. Ts. Dr Rozana Mohd Dahan

CHAIRMAN Dr Shariff Che Ibrahim

SECRETARY Dr Annie Maria Mahat

PhyMaS 2019 Committees

ADVISOR Dr Syed Yusainee Syed Yahya

CHAIRMAN Dr Mohamad Fariz Mohamad Taib

SECRETARY Dr Suraya Ahmad Kamil

TREASURER Dr Syaiful Osman

SECRETARIAT 1 Dr Farah Liyana Muhammad Khir

SECRETARIAT 2 Dr Suzana Ratim

COMMITTEE (PUBLICATION) 1. Dr Norazila Ibrahim

2. Dr Rosdiyana Hasham @ Hisam

3. Prof. Madya Dr Ab Malik Marwan Ali

COMMITTEE (REGISTRATION) 1. Dr Zurianti Abd Rahman

2. Dr Nur Aimi Jani

COMMITTEE (LOGISTIC) 1. Dr Mohd Husairi Fadzilah Suhaimi

2. Dr Khairunnadim Ahmad Sekak

COMMITTEE (PUBLICITY) 1. Dr Rosnah Zakaria

2. Dr Mohd Firdaus Malek

COMMITTEE (FOOD) Dr Noor Asnida Asli

HEAD OF TRACK (ADVANCED AND FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS)

Dr Mohd Muzamir Mahat

HEAD OF TRACK (APPLIED PHYSICS)

Dr Muhamad Kamil Yaakob

HEAD OF TRACK (THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS)

Dr Zety Sharizat Hamidi



Conference Programme

Physics and Materials Symposium (PhyMas 2019)

Date : 31 October 2019 (Thursday)

Time : 8.00 am – 11.00 am

Venue : A401, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam

TIME ACTIVITIES

8.30 am – 8.50 am On-site Registration

8.50 am – 9.00 am

Welcoming Speech:

Dr Mohamad Fariz Mohamad Taib

Chairman


KEYNOTE SESSION

(Chairperson) Dr Syed Yusainee Syed Yahya

9.00 am – 9.30 am

Keynote Speech I:

Prof. Dr Saifollah Abdullah

Nanotechnology Research for Community

9.30 am – 10.00 am

Keynote Speech II:

Prof. Dr Ri Hanum Yahaya Subban

Order and Disorder in Polymer Electrolytes

10.00 am – 10.30 am

Keynote Speech III:

Prof. Dr Ahmad Kamal Hayati Yahya

Superconductivity in Metals and Cuprates

10.30 am – 10.45 am

Opening ceremony

Prof. Dr Hjh Farida Zuraina Mohd Yusof

Dean, Faculty of Applied Sciences

10.45 am – 11.00 am Refreshment (Tea Break)

11.00 am – 12.45 pm Oral presentation (SESSION 1)

12.45 pm - 2.00 pm Lunch Break

2.00 pm – 4.00 pm Oral presentation (SESSION 2)

4.00 pm – 4.20 pm Refreshment (Tea Break)

4.20 pm – 4.45 pm Closing ceremony (Best Presenter Award)




Oral presentation

Date : 31 October 2019 (Thursday)

Time : 11.00 am – 5.00 pm

TIME PhyMas 1

Room A404

(OA-1 – OA-15)

PhyMas 2

Room A405

(OB-1 – OB-10,

OA-16 – OA-20)

PhyMas 3

Room A406

(OC-1 – OC-11,

OA-21 – OA-24)

SESSION 1

(Chairperson)

Dr Mohd Muzamir Mahat Dr Norazila Ibrahim Dr Suraya Ahmad Kamil

11.00-11.15 AM DR. SITI KHATIJAH

DERAMAN (OA-1)

ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL

STUDIES OF PROTON

BATTERIES BASED ON PVC-

NH4CF3SO3-Bu3MeNTf2N

AINI NORAIN AHMAD

SAFIAN (OB-1)

COMPARISON OF SILICON

DIOXIDE GROWTH ON

SILICON P (100) SUBSTRATE

FROM DIFFERENT

MANUFACTURER

MUHAMMAD ZAMIR

MOHYEDIN (OC-1)

THE EFFECT OF SPIN-

ORBIT COUPLING ON

THERMOELECTRIC

PROPERTIES OF

BISMUTH TELLURIDE

11.15 -11.30 AM MUHAMMAD SIDDIQ

FADHIL SUTRISNO

(OA-2)

ANAMALOUS BEHAVIOUR OF

OPTICAL PROPERTIES IN

MIXED IONIC-ELECTRONIC

20Li2O-xBi2O3-(80-x)TeO2

DOPED SILVER

NANOPARTICLES TELLURITE

GLASS SYSTEM

NURUL AIN BINTI MOHD

SAMSUDIN (OB-2)

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF

(80-x)B2O3-xTeO2-10Li2O-

10Al2O3 MIXED NETWORK

FORMER GLASS SYSTEM

AFIQ RADZWAN (OC-2)

AB INITIO CALCULATIONS

OF ANTIMONY SULPHIDE

NANOWIRE

11.30 -11.45 AM DR. SITI ZAFIRAH ZAINAL

ABIDIN (OA-3)

THE EFFECT OF GLYCEROL

ON Na- ION

CONDUCTIVITY AND

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES

OF POTATO STARCH–

CHITOSAN BLEND

BIOPOLYMER ELECTROLYTE

MUHAMMAD ZHARFAN

MOHD HALIZAN (OB-3)

DIELECTRIC AND AC

CONDUCTIVITY STUDIES OF

SrXLiTeO6 (X=La, Nd)

DOUBLE PEROVSKITES

DR. FADHLUL WAFI

BADRUDIN (OC-3)

A FIRST-PRINCIPLES

STUDY ON STRUCTURAL

AND ELECTRONIC

PROPERTIES OF NOVEL

CATHODE MATERIAL

NaFeSO4OH FOR

RECHARGEABLE BATTERY:

A COMPARISON STUDY.



11.45 -12.00 PM FARAH NAZILLA MD

NAZIN (OA-4)

CHARACTERIZATION OF

Al-Si-Mg-TiB2 COMPOSITES

ALLOY BY CASTING

TECHNIQUE

DR ZAKIAH MOHAMED

(OB-4)

INFLUENCE OF RUTHENIUM

DOPING ON THE

STRUCTURAL AND

MAGNETIC

PROPERTIES OF

Pr0.67Ba0.33Mn1-xRuxO3

RAFAEL JULIUS (OC-4)

QUANTUM CORRELATIONS

CONTROL OF PHOTON-

PHONON INTERACTION IN

MULTIMODE CAVITY

OPTOMECHANICS

12.00 -12.15 PM NURUL WAHEEDA

MAZLAN (OA-5)

STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF

LSCF-BCZY PEROVSKITE BY

RIETVELD REFINEMENT

METHOD

DR WAN MAISARAH

MUKHTAR (OB-5)

HYBRID U-SHAPED-

MICROBEND FIBER OPTIC

EVANESCENT WAVE SENSOR

FOR WATER QUALITY

ASSESSMENT

NURUL FATHIN

NGADIMAN (OC-5)

A REVIEW OF SENSOR

TECHNOLOGY FOR NIGHT

SKY BRIGHTNESS STUDIES

IN MALAYSIA

12.15 -12.30 PM NUR SYAFKEENA MOHD

AFFANDI (OA-6)

CHARACTERIZATION OF

BaCe0.54Zr0.36Y0.1O3-δ SOLID

ELECTROLYTE PREPARED

WITH AND WITHOUT NIO AS

SINTERING AID

JEFFRY JAMIL (OB-6)

ULTRASONIC TESTING

PHASED ARRAY (UTPA) AS

INSPECTION TOOLS FOR

STRUCTURAL HEALTH

MONITORING (SHM) OF

ENGINEERING COMPONENTS

NURAIN MOHAMAD

ANSOR (OC-6)

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF

E-CALLISTO SYSTEM IN

PREDICTING

GEOMAGNETIC

DISTURBANCE

12.30 -12.45 PM NUR BAIZURA MOHAMED

(OA-7)

FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF

ATOMICALLY THIN-LAYERED

2D SEMICONDUCTING

MATERIALS

NURUL ATIKA BINTI

MOHD KHALID (OB-7)

ELASTICAL PROPERTIES OF

(1−y)[20Li2CO3-xBi2O3-(80-

x)B2O3]+yAgNPs MIXED IONIC

ELECTRONIC GLASS SYSTEM

ROZILAH RAJMI (OC-7)

EFFECT OF Ni

SUBSTITUTION AT Mn-SITE

ON STRUCTURAL AND

ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES

OF MONOVALENT-DOPED

Pr0.75Na0.25MnO3

MANGANITE:

EXPERIMENTAL AND FIRST

PRINCIPLES LDA+U

STUDIES



12.45 - 2.00 PM LUNCH BREAK

SESSION 2

(Chairperson)

Dr Rosdiyana Hisam

Dr Khairunnadim Ahmad

Sekak

Dr Farah Liyana Mohd

Khir

2.00 - 2.15 PM AIN ZANAYA ZANURI

(OA-8)

SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE

OXIDE FROM WASTE TYRE

USING SODIUM

NITRATE AND PHOSPHORIC

ACID AS PRECURSOR IN

HUMMER’S METHOD

MUHAMMAD SAFWAN BIN

SAZALI (OB-8)

MULTIFERROIC BiFeO3

DOPED WITH DIFFERENT

PERCENTAGE OF

GALLIUM:

STRUCTURAL,

OPTICAL, MAGNETIC

AND ELECTRIC

PROPERTIES

FATIMAH SALIM

(OC-8)

TIME DEPENDENT

DENSITY FUNCTIONAL

THEORY APPROACH IN

ELECTRONIC CIRCULAR

DICHROISM SPECTRUM

SIMULATION FOR

MONOTERPENOID INDOLE

ALKALOIDS

2.15 - 2.30 PM NOOR HIDAYAH ANIZA

BINTI ZAKARIA (OA-9)

INFLUENCE OF NiO

NANOPARTICLES

ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE

OF NiO-BCZY ANODE

COMPOSITE FOR PROTON

CONDUCTING FUEL CELL

SYAHIDA RAHIM (OB-9)

INVESTIGATION OF PATTERN

TRANSFER ON P -SILICON

SUBSTATE BY USING

POSITIVE PHOTORESIST

SITI FATIMAH BINTI

SAIPUDDIN (OC-9)

ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES

OF CA-DOPED

YBa2-xCaxCu3O7 USING

FIRST PRINCIPLE STUDY

VIA DENSITY FUNCTIONAL

THEORY

2.30 - 2.45 PM MUHAMMAD FAIZ BIN

AIZAMDDIN (OA-10)

CONDUCTIVITY,

MORPHOLOGY AND

THERMAL STUDIES OF

POLYANILINE FABRICS

FATASYA IZREEN HANIM

ALIAS (OB-10)

LITHIUM OXIDE

CONCENTRATION

DEPENDENT ELECTRICAL

PROPERTIES OF ERBIUM

DOPED MAGNESIUM

PHOSPHATE GLASS

NUR AISYAH BINTI AB

MALIK MARWAN

(OC-10)

FIRST PRINCIPLES STUDY

ON STRUCTURAL,

ELECTRONIC AND

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF

Fe DOPED NiS2 COUNTER

ELECTRODE FOR

DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR

CELLS



2.45 - 3.00 PM DR NORAZILA BINTI

IBRAHIM (OA-11)

MAGNETIC AND

ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT

PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON-

DOPED

La0.9−xBixTe0.1MnO3

(0.00≤ x≤0.2) MANGANITES

DR NOR KARTINI JAAFAR

(OA-16)

CONDUCTIVITY &

STRUCTURE PROPERTIES OF

PLASTICIZED CH-G-PMMA-

AMMONIUM TRIFLATE

BASED GRAFTED POLYMER

ELECTROLYTE

NURAKMA NATASYA

BINTI MD JAHANGIR

ALAM (OC-11)

FIRST PRINCIPLES STUDY

ON STRUCTURAL

PROPERTIES, ELECTRONIC

PROPERTIES, GROUND

STATE STRUCTURE AND

STRAIN PROPERTIES OF

CUBIC (PM3M) AND

TETRAGONAL (P4MM)

ATiO3 (A=Pb,Sn)

3.00 - 3.15 PM NUR AIN ATHIRAH BINTI

CHE APANDI (OA-12)

MICROWAVE ABSORPTION

PROPERTIES OF

MONOVALENT DOPED

La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 MANGANITE

PREPARED BY SOLID STATE

METHOD

HAFSA BINTI OMAR

(OA-17)

STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL

PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE

COATED ON SILICON

NANOWIRES BY

MECHANICAL EXFOLIATION

NUR SYAZWANI ABDUL

MALEK (OA-21)

EFFECTS OF STORAGE

TEMPERATURE ON

SHELF-LIFE OF MANGO

COATED WITH ZINC

OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

3.15 – 3.30 PM MUHAMMAD SUFFIAN BIN

SAZALI (OA-13)

ELECTRORESISTANCE

BEHAVIOUR IN La0.8Pb0.2MnO3

MANGANITE BY ADDITION

OF Ag

DR. SUZANA RATIM

(OA-18)

MICROWAVE ABSORPTION

PROPERTIES OF CNT FILLED

TOUGHENED EPOXY

NANOCOMPOSITES

NUR IZZAH ATIRAH

MAT HUSSAIN (OA-22)

PHYSICAL AND

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

OF POLYURETHANE

GROUTING MATERIALS

3.30 – 3.45 PM NAZREEN CHE

ROSLAN (OA-14)

ELECTRICALLY

CONDUCTIVE FABRIC OF

POLYANILINE-DOPED

PHOSPHORIC ACID

NURFAZIANAWATIE

MOHD ZIN (OA-19)

OPTICAL AND

MORPHOLOGICAL OF

GRAPHENE FILM

SYNTHESIZED FROM WASTE

INDUSTRIAL OIL, AYAMAS

DR NAZLI AINI (OA-23)

CHITOSAN CROSS-LINKED

EFFECT ON ELECTRICAL

CONDUCTIVITY AND

CRYSTALLINITY OF SPEEK

MEMBRANES

3.45-4.00 PM AIDA FAZLIZA BINTI MAT

FADZIL (OA-15)

STUDIES OF LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4

DOPED WITH TIN AND

VANADIUM IN CATHODE

MATERIALS FOR LITHIUM-

ION BATTERIES

NOOR FATIN SOFEA BINTI

ZULKIFLI (OA-20)

SYNTHESIS OF ZINC OXIDE:

GRAPHENE OXIDE NANOROD

ARRAYS VIA SOL-GEL

ASSISTED IMMERSION TECHNIQUE

DR ROSNAH ZAKARIA

(OA-24)

ELECTROCHEMICAL

STUDIES ON KAPPA-

CARRAGEENAN-METHYL

CELLULOSE BLEND AS

BIOPOLYMER

ELECTROLYTE



Track 1: Advanced and Functional Materials



OA-1

ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL STUDIES OF PROTON BATTERIES BASED

ON PVC-NH4CF3SO3- Bu3MeNTf2N

Siti Khatijah Deraman1,3

, R.H.Y. Subban2,3

, N.S. Mohamed4

1Centre of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor,

Kampus Dengkil 43800 Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia. 2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam,

Selangor, Malaysia 3Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia 4Center for Foundation Studies in Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia

ABSTRACT

Searching a new material for the development of proton conducting polymer electrolytes

that can be used in protonic electrochemical cells is the focus of this research study. In

this study, the proton conducting polymer electrolytes were prepared by solution cast

technique. Poly (vinyl chloride) PVC is used as the polymer host, ammonium triflate

(NH4CF3SO3) as the doping salt and ionic liquid-butyltrimethyl ammonium bis

trifluoromethyl sulfonyl imide (Bu3MeNTf2N) is used as the plasticizers.

Electrochemical cells were fabricated using PVC- NH4CF3SO3 - 15 wt. %

Bu3MeNTf2N (C3) electrolytes. The cells were discharged at different loads of 1.5 kΩ,

62 kΩ and 95 kΩ. The open circuit voltage (OCV) of a cell based on the highest

conducting electrolyte with configuration: Zn+ ZnSO4.7H2O+PTFE | 85 wt. % (PVC-

NH4CF3SO3) +15 wt. % Bu3MeNTf2N | MnO2+PTFE is ~ 1.52 V while its discharge

capacity is 0.55 mA h with maximum power density of 5.048 × 10-3 W/kg and maximum

energy density of 0.560 Wh kg-1. The discharge performance of the cells showed that

the protonic polymer electrolyte film proposed in this work has potential for application

in protonic electrochemical cells for proton battery.

Keywords: Electrochemical cells, Ammonium Triflate, Ionic Liquid, Proton Battery



OA-2

ANOMALOUS BEHAVIOR OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES IN MIXED IONIC-

ELECTRONIC 20𝐋𝐢𝟐O-x𝐁𝐢𝟐𝐎𝟑-(80-x)Te𝐎𝟐 DOPED SILVER NANOPARTICLES

TELLURITE GLASS SYSTEM

Sutrisno, M.S., R. Hisam*

Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

20Li2O-xBi2O3-(80-x)TeO2 doped silver nanoparticles mixed ionic-electronic tellurite glass

system was prepared by using melt-quenching method to study the optical properties of the

glass. Both direct optical energy and Urbach energy showed anomalous behavior at x=

5mol%. A minimum was observed in direct optical energy at x= 5mol% followed by large

increase for x≥ 5mol% until reach another maximum at x= 7mol%. Meanwhile, a maximum

at x= 5mol% and minimum at x= 7mol% was shown on Urbach energy of the glass. These

anomalous regions was suggested due to mixed ionic-electronic effect (MIE), indicating the

changes in polarizability due to variation of bridging oxygen (BO) and non-bridging oxygen

(NBO) concentration in that anomalous region. Bi3+ ions was responsible for the increasing

of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) in glass system that will enhance the electronic polarizability

of the ions then lowering energy band gap.

Keywords: optical energy gap; mixed ionic-electronic; urbach energy

mailto:*[email protected]



OA-3

THE EFFECT OF GLYCEROL ON NA+ ION CONDUCTIVITY AND DIELECTRIC

PROPERTIES OF POTATO STARCH–CHITOSAN BLEND BIOPOLYMER

ELECTROLYTE

S. Navaratnam1, N.A. Idris1, N. A. A. Rahman1, S. Z. Z. Abidin1,2* 1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia 2 Ionic Materials Materials & Devices (iMADE) Research Laboratory, Institute of Science,

Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Petrochemical based polymer electrolytes are non-biodegradable and cause problems with

waste disposal. With the growing awareness of environmental issues has led us to focus our

research on using ecofriendly biodegradable materials. Starch and chitosan are natural

polysaccharides obtained from plants and crustacean shells respectively. Gel polymer

electrolytes comprising blends of potato starch and chitosan as host polymers, sodium

chloride as dopant salt and glycerol were prepared by solution cast technique. The

incorporation of glycerol enhanced the ionic conductivity of the potato starch/chitosan blend

–sodium chloride gel polymer electrolyte. A maximum ionic conductivity of 2.79 × 10–4 S

cm–1 is obtained at 30 wt.% glycerol. The dielectric behaviours of the prepared films were

analyzed using complex impedance Z* and complex permittivity ɛ* –based frequency.

Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and morphology analyses confirm the interactions

among the components which are present in the prepared gel polymer electrolyte.

Keywords: Sodium ion; Biopolymer; Chitosan; Glycerol; Electrical properties




OA – 4

CHARACTERIZATION OF Al-Si-Mg-TiB2 COMPOSITES ALLOY BY CASTING

TECHNIQUE

Farah Nazzila Md Nazin1, Mohd Muzamir Mahat1, Sabrina M. Yahaya2, Rosmamuhamadani

Ramli1*

1School of Physics and Materials Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi

MARA, Shah Alam, MALAYSIA. 2School of Chemistry and Environment Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti

Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, MALAYSIA.

* [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Al-Si alloys have better properties such as are low cost manufacturing, high specific strength,

recyclability and excellent castability. Mg element having the strength properties and which

is good for heat treatment if combined with Al-Si cast alloy. It will cause refine

microstructure in improving tensile properties. In this research, the mechanical properties of

alloy were measured by the Instron Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) for the tensile test and

Vickers hardness tester for hardness property. The objectives of these study are to determine

the mechanical properties of aluminium-silicon-magnesium-titanium diboride (Al-Si-Mg-

TiB2) composite by casting technique. The sample were prepared by composite fabrication

with composition Al-7wt.% Si base alloy, Al-Si-0.5wt.% Mg, Al-Si-1wt.% Mg and Al-Si-

0.5wt.% Mg-6wt.% TiB2. The sample are undergoing for casting process. Based on the study,

for tensile testing, it was found that 0.5 wt.% of Mg reinforcement gives more strengthen than

1 wt.% of Mg while for hardness testing gave the good result which is increased in hardness

properties than 1 wt.% Mg. Then, addition of 6 wt.% TiB2 was refined with 0.5 wt.% which is

gave the good mechanical properties for tensile test and hardness test.

Keywords: Al-Si-Mg alloy; Titanium diboride: Casting technique: Mechanical property

mailto:[email protected]



OA-5

STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF LSCF-BCZY PEROVSKITE BY RIETVELD

REFINEMENT METHOD

Mazlan, N.W. 1, Osman, N. 1, 2*, Hassan, O. H. 3, Mohamed, Z. 4

1Proton Conducting Fuel Cell Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam,

Selangor, Malaysia. 2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.

3Faculty of Art and Design, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia. 4Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia. *[email protected]; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Recent studies on the development of potential cathode material for proton conducting fuel

cell (PCFC) have been published regarding the significant issues that can give an impact on

the reliability and durability of the cell. Structural and microstructural properties of cathode

composite La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ-BaCe0.54Zr0.36Y0.1O3-δ (LSCF-BCZY) perovskite have been

investigated by High-Temperature X-ray Diffraction (HT-XRD) from room temperature to

700°C. Introducing BCZY to LSCF (pure cathode) to form cathode composite is an effective

way to reduce the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) and stabilizing the phase transitions

as cubic to rhombohedral structure. The LSCF and BCZY powder were prepared separately

by using a sol-gel method and subjected to thermal treatment at 1100°C for 10 hours with

heating rate 10°C min-1. The cathode composite 70LSCF:30BCZY were mixed and ground

before dried in oven at 100°C. In addition, ethylene glycols were used as dispersing agent for

fabrication. The thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) was determined by dilatometer

measurement with Sigmaplot software meanwhile Highscore Plus software was used to

analyze the diffraction data using Rietveld refinement method. The lattice expansion that

occurred within the sample at varies temperature are discussed in view of the changes in

crystal structure.

Keywords: cathode composite, thermal expansion, lattice expansion,





OA-6

CHARACTERIZATION OF BaCe0.54Zr0.36Y0.1O3-δ SOLID ELECTROLYTE

PREPARED WITH AND WITHOUT NiO AS SINTERING AID 1Proton Conducting Fuel Cell Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi

MARA, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia; 2Faculty of Art & Design, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia;

3Physics Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 02600

Perlis, Malaysia

*[email protected]; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

A common proton conducting electrolyte material for an anode-supported fuel cell

BaCe0.54Zr0.36Y0.1O2.95 (BCZY), prepared with and without NiO as sintering aid were

compared and investigated in terms of morphology, sintering behaviour and electrical

conductivity. Pristine BCZY and 4 mol% NiO-added BCZY samples were prepared through

a modified sol-gel method and sintered at different temperature between 1300 °C to 1500 °C.

The morphology of the electrolyte pellets was observed by a scanning electron microscope to

identify the optimum temperature for excellent densification of the sample. Investigation on

the electrical conductivity of the pellets was done via an electrochemical system (ZIVE SP2-

workstation) in wet nitrogen atmosphere at temperature of 600 °C. It found that NiO-added

BCZY pellet sintered at 1400 °C exhibited higher density than that of sintered at 1300 °C and

smaller grain size than that of 1500 °C, respectively.

Keywords: Sintering aid; BCZY; Sintering temperature





OA-7

FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF ATOMICALLY THIN-LAYERED

2D SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS

Nur Baizura Mohamed1*, Yuhei Miyauchi2, and Kazunari Matsuda2

1Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang,

26400 Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia 2Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) called two-dimensional (2D)

materials beyond graphene, have attracted great research interests both from fundamental

physics and their interesting potential applications of optoelectronic devices. Its optical

bandgap in near infrared to the visible region make it relevant and intriguing material to study

the optical science of atomically thin-layered materials. Optical properties of TMDs is

governed and dominated by optically generated electron-hole pairs (excitons) due to strong

Coulomb interactions and it is very crucial to know its photoluminescence (PL) quantum

yield, which is an essential value for the optical analysis of semiconductors. We studied an

evaluation method of PL quantum yield of monolayer TMDs on a transparent substrate using

a reference dye at room temperature, which those dye has similar photon energy to that of

TMDs.

Keywords: transition metal dichalcogenides; optical; photoluminescence; exciton; quantum

yield




OA-8

SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE OXIDE FROM WASTE TYRE USING SODIUM

NITRATE AND PHOSPHORIC ACID AS PRECURSOR IN HUMMER’S METHOD

Noor Najmi Bonnia1*, Ain Zanaya Zanuri1,2, Noor Asnida Asli2

1Faculty of Applied Sciences,Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40000 2NANO-SciTech Centre, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40000

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Physics and Materials Symposium 2019 – Graphene oxide have been widely used in many

industries and attract much interest among researchers due to its desirable properties. Top

down and bottom up method can be used to synthesis graphene oxide. Recently, Hummer’s

method has become popular due to its simple top down synthesis but there is an issue due to

the releasing of nitrate gaseous which harmful to environment. Thus, phosphoric acid has

been used to replace sodium nitrate. Large waste of carbon tyre in landfills has led researcher

to find various ways to overcome this problem. This research was carried out using waste

carbon tyre as a carbon source to synthesis graphene oxide. Waste tyre is one of carbon rich

material and can be easily found in the world with low cost. The obtained samples were

investigated and analyzed using FESEM, EDX, XRD and RAMAN Spectroscopy. FESEM

analysis shows a rough surface micrograph of graphene oxide with the elemental composition

of carbon and oxygen were confirmed by EDX which are 83.91 % and 16.09 % respectively

which indicate good composition of graphene oxide. XRD analysis shows broad peak of 2

theta which indicate that the sample is an amorphous. Raman analysis was confirmed that

graphene oxide was successfully synthesized by showing peaks of D band and G band at

1354 cm-1 and 1574 cm-1 respectively. Lastly, the improved Hummer’s method using

phosphoric acid and using waste carbon tyre as carbon source was successfully synthesized

yet have the same quality as graphene oxide that synthesis using convectional Hummer’s

method.

Keywords: Graphene oxide; Hummer’s Method; Phosphoric Acid; Sodium Nitrate;

Synthesis




OA-9

INFLUENCE OF NiO NANOPARTICLES ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF NiO-

BCZY ANODE COMPOSITE FOR PROTON CONDUCTING FUEL CELL

Noor Hidayah Aniza Zakaria1, Hanani Yazid2, Nafisah Osman2*

1Proton Conducting Fuel Cell Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti

Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450 2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Arau, Perlis, 02600

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Physics and Materials Symposium – Great properties of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO Nps)

cannot be denied by the researchers world-wide as it has been globally used in many

applications including as gas sensor, absorbent, catalyst, sintering aids, chemical sensor, and

fuel cell electrodes. There are several synthesis methods that can be utilized to obtain

nanosized NiO powder such as hydrothermal decomposition, microwave assisted, co-

precipitation, and sol-gel method. In this work, NiO nanoparticles and NiO-BCZY (BCZY =

BaCe0.54Zr0.36Y0.1O2.95) anode composite powders were prepared using a modified sol gel

method, and the powders were respectively calcined at temperature of 450 ᵒC and 1000 ᵒC.

The influence of NiO nanoparticles on the physical properties of NiO-BCZY anode

composite pellet were investigated by a field emission scanning electron microscope

(FESEM) and X-Ray diffractometer (XRD). Structural analysis confirmed that a high phase

of cubic structure of NiO Nps-BCZY was obtained without the existence of any secondary

phases. Morphological observation showed that the NiO nanoparticles embedded in NiO-

BCZY anode composite were spherical in-shape and their size increased from 20 nm to 70

nm as temperature of the heat treatment increased.

Keywords: NiO Nanoparticles; Anode composite; Proton conducting fuel cell.




OA-10

CONDUCTIVITY, MORPHOLOGY AND THERMAL STUDIES OF POLYANILINE

FABRICS

Muhammad Faiz Aizamddin1, Nazreen Che Roslan1, Muhammad Asyrap Kamarudin1, Siti

Nurzatul Ikma Omar1, Mohamed Izzharif Abdul Halim2, Mohd Muzamir Mahat1* 1School of Physics and Materials Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi

MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2School of Chemistry and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti

Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

* [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Abstract: In this work, conductive fabrics based polyaniline (PANI) were fabricated using a

facile method namely, immersion. Fabrics such as cotton and polyester (PES) were immersed

in PANI solution followed by a drying process. In order to make the fabric conductive, the

dopant was priory added into the polymer. The doping was completed by treating with HCl

prepared in 0.3 v/v%, 0.6 v/v% and 0.9 v/v% concentration. Consequently, the colour of

PANI Emeraldine Base (EB)-blue has transformed into green colour of PANI Emeraldine

Salt (ES). Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Electro Impedance

Spectroscopy (EIS) were used to analyse the morphology and conductivity of fabricated

fabrics, respectively. FESEM analysis revealed the distribution of precipitates are

homogenous in PES which provide better surface area and giving a strong bonding with the

acid, compared to cotton. Electro Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) results revealed that doping

with 0.9 v/v% HCl gives excellent conductivity compared to 0.3 v/v% concentration on PES

fabric. Thermal characteristic of doped fabrics were analysed using Thermo Gravimetric

Analysis (TGA). TGA analyses display three major stages of weight losses in the conductive

fabrics, in which PANI in PES had shown a major impact on the shift of degradation point,

suggesting a more stable fabric has been fabricated.

Keywords: Polyaniline, conductive fabrics, Bioelectronics, Field Emission Scanning

Electron Microscope (FESEM), Electro Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Thermo

Gravimetric Analysis (TGA)




OA-11

MAGNETIC AND ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON-

DOPED La0.9−xBixTe0.1MnO3 (0.00≤ x≤0.2) MANGANITES

N.Ibrahim*, R. Rozilah, Z.Mohamed, A.K.Yahya Faculty of Applied Sciences, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

* [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The effect of Bi substitution at La site on magnetic and transport properties of electron-doped

La0.9−xBixTe0.1MnO3 was investigated. The samples were prepared through the standard solid-

state method. Analysis of X-ray diffraction data using Rietveld refinement confirmed single-

phase samples crystallized in rhombohedral structure. The undoped sample (x=0) exhibited

paramagnetic (PM) to ferromagnetic (FM) transition behaviour with Curie temperature

Tc=242 K and metal–insulator (MI) transition behaviour at MI transition temperature

Tp1=240K. Partial substitution of Bi3+ at the La site for x=0.05–0.15 decreased transition

temperatures, Tc and TpI to 150 and 115 K, respectively. By contrast, for x=0.2, the sample

showed fully insulating behaviour and PM–FM transition at Tc=140 K. A secondary

resistivity peak observed for x=0 sample at temperature Tp2=194 K below TP1 in R versus T

curve was strongly suppressed by low Bi substitution of x=0.05. In addition, enhanced

magnetoresistance effect reaching 50% observed for the x=0.2 sample was suggested due to

spin-dependent interfacial tunnelling which enhanced under low magnetic field of 0.8 T. The

observed rapid decrease in Tc and TPI may be due to the role of 6s2 lone pair Bi3+ which

produced a type of blocking effect due to strong hybridization between Bi (6s2) and O (2p)

orbitals. This behaviour reduced the rate of eg electron-hopping process and elongated the

Mn-O bond length, thereby weakening the double exchange mechanism.

Keywords: Bi substitution;Electron-doped manganites; Transport properties




OA-12

MICROWAVE ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF MONOVALENT DOPED

La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 MANGANITE PREPARED BY SOLID STATE METHOD

N.A.A. Apandi 1, N.Ibrahim 1*, Z.Awang 2, R.S.Azis 3, M.M. Syazwan 3 , A.K. Yahya 1

1 School of Physics and Materials Studies, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 40450 Shah Alam,

Selangor, Malaysia 2 Microwave Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia 3Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400

Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

*[email protected],

ABSTRACT

The microwave absorption of La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 which prepared by solid state method was

investigated. An analysis on X-ray diffraction measured data using refinement technique

confirmed the rhombohedral structure of the sample. The microstructure of the sample which

characterized from field emission scanning electron microscope, FESEM micrograph shown

an irregular shape. Electrical resistivity measurement of La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 showed transitions

from metallic behavior to insulating behavior with two peaks were observed at 230 K and

242 K. Magnetic susceptibility versus temperature measurement showed the sample exhibit

ferromagnetic at room temperature. The real and imaginary parts of permittivity, permeability

as well as microwave reflection loss were measured by vector network analyzer in the 8-18

GHz of frequency range. The reflection loss of La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 sample reached -57.2 dB at

16.41 GHz and the bandwidth corresponding to reflection loss below -10 dB (90%

absorption) was 2.67 GHz.

Keywords: Dielectric loss; Magnetic loss; Reflection loss; Microwave Absorption





OA-13

ELECTRORESISTANCE BEHAVIOUR IN La0.8Pb0.2MnO3 MANGANITE BY

ADDITION OF Ag

Nurman Syably Ibrahim, Norazila Ibrahim*, Muhammad Suffian Sazali, Zakiah Mohamed

Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The effect of Ag addition on eletroresistance behavior was investigated through electrical

properties and microstructural analysis. La0.8Pb0.2MnO3/Agx (LPMO: Agx, x = 0, 3wt %)

manganite samples were prepared by solid state reaction. Scanning electron microscopy

image shown La0.8Pb0.2MnO3/Ag sample has smaller grains size compared to

La0.8Pb0.2MnO3 sample indicates microstructural modification due to Ag addition. Both

samples shown metal insulator-transition temperature (Tp) under applied both of current of

0.100 mA and 1.00 mA. For La0.8Pb0.2MnO3, the Tp value is approximately 150 K. For

sample La0.8Pb0.2MnO3 /Ag (3wt%) the Tp value remain unchanged under applied current

of 0.100 mA but slightly decrease to 148.6 K under applied current of 1.00 mA. From

resistivity vs temperature curves, the resistivity was found increase indicates localization of

charge carrier increase as a result of Ag addition. It is suggested that Ag which may presence

at the grain boundary region produce some types of blocking effect which influence the

transfer process of charge carrier. La0.8Pb0.2MnO3 exhibit negative ER effect with the ER

peak was observed at vicinity of TP with the value is equal -0.995 while Ag added sample

exhibit ER effect with two different behaviour. The negative ER was observed at temperature

below 200 K and positive ER effect was observed at T > 200 K. The different behaviour of

ER effect for Ag added sample maybe due to grain size modification which influence spin

alignment at the grain boundaries under presence of increased of applied current.

Keywords: Ag addition, Electroresistance, Manganites




OA-14

ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE FABRIC OF POLYANILINE-DOPED

PHOSPHORIC ACID

Nazreen Che Roslan, Mohd Muzamir Mahat*

School of Physics and Materials Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi

MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam.

* [email protected]

ABSTRACT:

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in flexible and wearable electronic device

for biomaterial applications. Fabric, is one the best candidate as it fits aforementioned

properties required. Herein, we prepared conductive fabrics by introducing a conductive

polymer of Polyaniline (PANI) intro bare fabrics of cotton and polyester. This was achieved

by using facile immersion method followed by drying. Prior to this, PANI was synthesized

through chemical oxidation method. In order to enhance the conductivity of PANI, dopant

was added. In this study, we used phosphoric acid as it has multivalent anion site. Upon

addition of dopant, PANI changes colour from blue to green which indicates the success of

doping process. All sample prepared were than characterized using UV-Visible (UV-Vis),

Field Emission Scanning Electron microscope (FESEM) and Electrochemical Impedance

Spectroscopy (EIS) to reveal their molecular transition, morphological and conductivity,

respectively. UV-Vis has indicated the presence of benzenoid and quinoid structure that is

correspond to structure of PANI. This manifest the success of synthesis process. EIS studies

has showed highest conductivity was for 30 v/v % of dopant which is for polyester fabrics

(1.35 x 10-5 ± 1.13 x 10-6 S/m). Morphology study using FESEM revealed PANI was

uniformly distributed on the fabric, suggesting a good incorporation of PANI into the fabrics,

bridged by phosphoric acid.

Keywords: Conductive fabrics, Conductive polymer, Polyaniline, Cotton, Polyester




AO-15

STUDIES OF LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4 DOPED WITH TIN AND VANADIUM IN CATHODE

MATERIALS FOR LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES

A.F.M. Fadzil1,2*, N. H. Zainol1,3, N. F. Yahya1,2, N. F. S. M. Fauzi1,2, R.H.Y.Subban1,2 1Centre for Nanomaterials Research, Institute of Science, UniversitiTeknologi MARA,

40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2Faculty of Applied Science, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia 3Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya,

50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia * [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Lithium-ion batteries are promising energy storage devices due to its high energy density as

well as low raw-materials cost. Lithium Manganese Titanium Oxide, LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4 is being

considered as one of the favourable option to replace the commercialized cathode material.

Partial substitution of Sn and V was done to replace Ti in LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4 cathode materials

producing LiMn1.9Ti0.099Sn0.001O4 and LiMn1.89V0.01Ti0.1O4 novel stoichiometries and

improved behaviour of the materials. LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4, LiMn1.9Ti0.099Sn0.001O4 and

LiMn1.89V0.01Ti0.1O4 cathode materials were synthesized by a modified self-propagating

combustion method (SPC). The precursors obtained were then annealed at 700 °C

temperature for 24 h in a furnace. The structure and morphology of the materials were

characterized using X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron

Microscopy (FESEM). XRD results showed that all samples are well crystalline and single

phase. For FESEM, all samples are well-formed polyhedral type crystals existing in

agglomerated form. The electrochemical performances of the materials were characterized by

galvanostatic charge-discharge test in the voltage range of 2.5 V- 4.2 V using a current of 1.0

mA. The electrochemical performances for all materials were further discussed. This implies

that doped LiMn1.9Ti0.099Sn0.001O4 and LiMn1.89V0.01Ti0.1O4 plays an important role to improve

the cyclic stability and rate capacity of the LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4.

Keywords: Cathode materials; LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4; Tin; Vanadium; Lithium-ion Batteries




OA-16

CONDUCTIVITY & STRUCTURE PROPERTIES OF PLASTICIZED CH-G-PMMA-

AMMONIUM TRIFLATE BASED GRAFTED POLYMER ELECTROLYTE

NOR KARTINI JAAFAR

Faculty of Applied Science, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

ABSTRACT

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) are known as a potential materials as a medium for ion

transport process. In the latest study, Ch-g-PMMA was produced by using gamma irradiation

grafting method toward chitosan (Ch) and methacrylate (MMA). The grafted polymer (Ch-g-

PMMA), ammonium triflate (NH4Tf) and ethylene carbonate (EC) were then used in the

preparation process of the solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) and the gel polymer electrolyte

(GPE). All samples were prepared by using solution cast technique. Conductivity and

structure properties of SPE and GPE were investigated to find which grafted polymer

electrolytes composition has the highest conductivity. The complex impedance plot was used

in the conductivity calculation for all samples. The SPE film containing 40 wt% NH4Tf in

Ch-g-PMMA shows the highest conductivity at 1.03E-04 Scm-1 at ambient temperature. The

improvement of conductivity can be observed up to 2.57E-04 Scm-1 when 40 wt% EC was

introduced to the Ch-g-PMMA with 40 wt% NH4Tf. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)

spectra proved that the PMMA was successfully grafted onto the chitosan backbone. X-ray

diffractogram (XRD) pattern justified that the amorphous phase of the sample leads to ionic

conductivity rises. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies show that the plasticized

sample has lower value of glass transition (Tg) compared to the plasticizer-free sample due to

the lubricant effect. Thus, the samples could be a good electrolyte candidate in any

electrochemical devices to improve the conductivity of the application.



OA-17

STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE COATED ON

SILICON NANOWIRES BY MECHANICAL EXFOLIATION

Omar, H.1*, Afaah, A.N.1,2, Khusaimi, Z.1,2,Rusop, M.1,2,3, Abdullah, S.1,2,Asli, N.A.1,2

1Nano Sci-Tech Centre, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor,

Shah Alam Campus, 40450 Shah Alam.

2 Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor, Shah Alam

Campus, 40450 Shah Alam.

3Faculty of Electrical Engineering: Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor, Shah

Alam Campus, 40450 Shah Alam.

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Graphene is a structure of 2D single atomic layer of sp2 -bonded carbon that combine into a

honeycomb sheets of carbon atoms. Graphene on silicon nanowires are known to amplify the

potential of structural, optical and electrical properties in application for device such as solar

cell, sensors, capacitor, light emitting diode (LED) and other applications. In this research,

graphene was deposited onto optimize silicon nanowires by using mechanical exfoliation by

using highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Mechanical exfoliation method is a solid

phase method that has recently form graphene layer. SiNWs arrays are formed using the top-

down approach, which is silver nanoparticle-assisted chemical etching with different angle of

formation. From the investigation that conducted to study the optical and morphology

properties of graphene/silicon nanowires, graphene were successfully transferred on silicon

nanowires from the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) images that’s

shows the existence of graphene flakes. EDX analysis shows sample SiNWs formed at 0o

obtained the highest percentage of carbon at 70.87% while Si at 28.13% indicating thick layer

of graphene. Raman analysis shows that sample silicon nanowires growth at 0o substrate

position and coated with graphene layer has the larger value of I2D/IG at 0.409 and has less

defects as shown at its lowest D-peak intensity value of 1347.10 cm-1.

Keywords: Graphene, Silicon nanowires, Mechanical Exfoliation, Raman spectroscopy




OA-18

MICROWAVE ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF CNT FILLED

TOUGHENED EPOXY NANOCOMPOSITES

Suzana Ratim

Faculty of Applied Science, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

ABSTRACT

The CNT filled toughened epoxy nanocomposite for Microwave Absorbing Materials

(MAMs) is produced via lay-up techniques with the addition of multiwalled carbon

nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a filler in toughened epoxy matrix. The 5 wt% of liquid epoxidized

natural Rubber (LENR) was added into epoxy matrix. Microwave characterization of the

toughened epoxy nanocomposites was performed by vector network analyzer and the

microstructure of fractured surface was examined under Field Emission Scanning Electron

Microscopy (FESEM). The microwave absorption analysis for nanocomposites was

accomplished in Kuband region (8-18 GHz). Microwave absorption result was analyzed with

the Reflection Loss (RL) of the prepared MAMs. The results revealed that the microwave

absorption of the nanocomposite was affected by the addition of CNT filler and LENR. In

comparison of epoxy nanocomposites with and without LENR, the addition of CNT filler in

epoxy matrix improves the microwave absorption as the CNT loading increased while epoxy

unfilled LENR shows higher microwave absorption (99.99%) than toughened LENR epoxy

nanocomposite (99.97% absorption). However, CNT filled toughened epoxy nanocomposites

still can be considered as MAMs because the RL of the sample is less than -10 dB (90%

absorption). The maximum RL in toughened epoxy nanocomposites and epoxy

nanocomposites are -35.15 dB at 17.39 GHz (2 wt%MWCNTs, 5 wt% LENR) and -40.06 at

16.21 GHz (2 wt% MWCNTs, 0 wt% LENR) respectively.



OA-19

OPTICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL OF GRAPHENE FILM SYNTHESIZED

FROM WASTE INDUSTRIAL OIL, AYAMAS

N.M. Zin1,2,*, A.N. Afaah1,2, M.J. Salifairus1,2, M.F. Malek1,2, M. Rusop 1,3, N.A. Asli1,2,* 1NANO-SciTech Centre, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450

Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450

Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 3NANO-Electronic Centre, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA

(UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia


ABSTRACT

The synthesis of graphene by Double Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition (DTCVD) using

waste industrial oil as a natural carbon source was investigated. The synthesis parameter

(Argon gas flow rate) was varied between 50sccm and 300sccm by 50sccm increments. The

function of Argon gas is to provide ambient condition and remove the atmospheric air from

the tube during synthesis. Industrial oil (from AYAMAS food processing) was placed in the

first furnace (precursor furnace) and Nickel was placed in the second furnace (deposition

furnace). At end of the furnace 1 was connected to carrier gas Argon and the tube was sealed

with a Mass Flow Rate (MFC). Both furnaces were heated until they were stable. During the

cooling phase, elevated quantities of carbon from the source material are separated and

precipitated on the Nickel surface. At lower and higher gas flow rate, amorphous graphite

formation was observed based on Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM)

images. At 250sccm, hexagonal graphene formation was observed instead of graphite. Based

on X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, at 250sccm gas flow rate at peak 2θ=38.0° shown the

sharpest crystalline pattern was produced corresponding to the (100) crystal plane of

graphene. Besides, on Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, highest carbon content was

achieved at 200sccm gas flow rate. However, optimal carbon content with no oxygen

impurity was produced at 250sccm gas flow rate. Based on Ultraviolet Visible (UV-Vis)

spectroscopy, the best optical properties of graphene (highest reflective value) was produced

at 250sccm gas flow rate. The morphological show hexagonal shape of graphene while

optical properties shown that graphene show good characteristic of transparency. It can be

concluded that 250sccm is the optimum gas flow rate in this study based on FESEM, XRD,

EDX and UV-Vis analysis.

Keywords: Graphene; Nickel; Industrial Oil; Flow Rate Argon Gas; Double Thermal Carbon

Vapor Deposition





OA-20

SYNTHESIS OF ZINC OXIDE: GRAPHENE OXIDE NANOROD ARRAYS VIA

SOL-GEL ASSISTED IMMERSION TECHNIQUE

N.F.S. Zulkiflia,b, M.F. Maleka,b,*, R. Mohameda,c, M.H. Mamatd and M. Rusopa,d

aNANO-SciTech Centre (NST), Institute of Science (IOS), Universiti Teknologi MARA

(UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia bFaculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam,

Selangor, Malaysia cFaculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang, 26400 Bandar Tun

Razak Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia

dNANO-ElecTronic Centre (NET), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia


ABSTRACT

The effect of graphene oxide (GO) on the structural and optical properties of zinc oxide

(ZnO) nanorods have been investigated for UV sensor applications. GO at different weight

(0.05, 0.10 and 0.15g) have been mixed with ZnO solution and deposited using aqueous

solution immersion method. All the samples have been characterized using X-ray Diffraction

(XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and UV-visible (UV-vis)

spectroscopy. Based on the XRD pattern, all the samples show the highest peak intensities

along c-axis orientation of (0 0 2) plane. The GO:ZnO films prepared at 0.05g of GO weight

percentage has the highest peak intensities along c-axis orientation of (0 0 2) plane. The

diameter size of ZnO and GO:ZnO nanorods at 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15g weight percentage were

211, 64, 50 and 60 nm, respectively. The UV-vis results show that the GO:ZnO which

prepared at 0.05g have the highest absorbance in UV range. Therefore, by adding GO into

ZnO will influence the structural and optical properties of pure ZnO which is suitable for UV

sensor applications.

Keywords: zinc oxide; ZnO; graphene oxide;





OA-21

EFFECTS OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE ON SHELF-LIFE OF MANGO

COATED WITH ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

N.S.A. Malek1,*, N.F. Rosman1,2, M. Rusop2,3, Z. Khusaimi2, N.A. Asli1,2

1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia 2NANO-SciTech Centre, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah

Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 3Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam,

Selangor, Malaysia


ABSTRACT

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles edible coating was prepared by sol-gel method using ZnO

nanoparticles and tapioca starch at different (32℃, 27℃ and 5℃) temperature. Fresh

Golden Lily mangoes were dipped in the ZnO-starch solution followed by a drying process.

The weight loss and firmness of coated Golden Lily mangoes were done at every 2-day

intervals from the 0th day until the 7th day of the storage period. The mangoes were also

characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy

Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) after 7 days of storage. The orientation of crystal structure

and the percentage of ZnO nanoparticles present on the mango surface were determined by

FESEM and EDX analysis respectively. Both the analysis of FESEM and EDX revealed

the highest volume ratio of ZnO nanoparticles with a homogeneous dispersion throughout

the mango peel surface is at 5℃. High homogeneity dispersion demonstrates a less

agglomeration of ZnO and starch and the effectiveness of ZnO coating on mango peel

surface. The coating ability resulted in a maximum shelf-life of 7 days for mangoes stored

at 5℃ while a maximum of 2 days for mangoes stored at 32℃ and 27℃. FTIR spectra also

revealed the absence of Zn–O bonding as metal oxides absorption is expected to be in the

region below 700 cm-1. XRD and FTIR spectra gives information about the phase

composition of Zn and the absorption characteristic of Zn–O bond present on mango peel

surface. The mangoes stored at 5℃ delayed ripening, slowed down weight loss and found

to be firmer than mangoes stored at 32℃ and 27℃. The ability of ZnO in prolonging the

shelf-life of Golden Lily mango is found below 5℃.

Keywords: Zinc oxide nanoparticles, edible coating, shelf-life, Field Emission Scanning

Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).





OA-22

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANE

GROUTING MATERIALS

Nur Izzah Atirah Mat Hussain1, Noor Najmi Bonnia2*, Raden Siti Fazlina Nazrah Hirzin1,

Ernie Suzana Ali3 1Polymer Science Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA

40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia. 2Materials Science Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA

40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia. 3Applied Physic Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam,

71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Polyurethane grouting is an excellent maintenance technology for infrastructures. It is a rigid

foam type and produced from the exothermic reaction between polyol and isocyanate, blowed

by blowing agents in order to produce foam. However, most of commercialized polyurethane

grouts are petrochemical-based which has a rising concern regarding price and

environmental. Therefore, in this study, two types of polyurethane grouting materials (PUG)

were prepared using two different type of polyol which were castor-based polyol and

petrochemical-based polyol. Four different compositions of PUG were fabricated using each

type of polyol. The effect of different NCO/OH ratio and different type of polyol on

properties of PUG produced were investigated and compared. The rise time of castor-based

polyurethane grout (CPUG) and petrochemical-based polyurethane grout (PPUG) decreased

as NCO/OH ratio increased whereas opposite trend was obtained for tack free time. Overall,

CPUG samples had a longer foam reaction time compared to PPUG samples. The apparent

density of both PPUG and CPUG samples had an increased with the increasing of NCO/OH

ratio. In terms of the flexural strength, flexural modulus and compression strength, the results

show that there were an increment along with the increasing of NCO/OH ratio. PPUG4 and

CPUG4 gave the optimum flexural strength, flexural modulus and compression strength.

Foam reaction time, apparent density and mechanical properties of both PPUG and CPUG

obtained were in the range of industrial’s grout properties.

Keywords: petrochemical-based PUG; castor-based PUG; physical properties, mechanical

properties




OA-23

CHITOSAN CROSS-LINKED EFFECT ON ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND

CRYSTALLINITY OF SPEEK MEMBRANES

Nazli Ahmad Aini1,2

1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia 2Ionic, Materials and Device Research Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi

MARA, 40450, Shah, Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

* [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Some Properties of proton exchange membrane materials based on sulfonated poly ether

ether ketone (SPEEK) can be improved by cross-linked with other types of membranes such

as Chitosan. SPEEK with Chitosan (Cs) are developed by solution cast technique and

exposed to UV radiation with Benzoin Ethyl Ether (BEE) as photoinitiator. SPEEK

dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and chitosan (CS) in acetic acid. The membranes

were then characterized by evaluating FTIR spectra, proton conductivity, water uptake, X-RD

and degree of swelling. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) study revealed considerable

interaction between the sulfonic acid groups and amino groups. Proton conductivity decreases

with increasing of chitosan content from 8.5 x 10-3 to 2.9 x 10-7 Scm-1 at room temperature

and 80% relative humidity. Water uptake decreases with increasing of chitosan content from

52% to 29%. X-RD shows degree of crystallite increased as the chitosan content increases.

Meanwhile the swelling properties decreased from 12% to 6 %. This new cross-linked hybrid

membrane shows good prospect for the use to improve mechanical issue for SPEEK

membrane

Keywords: Chitosan, sulfonated poly ether ether ketone



OA-24

ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDIES ON KAPPA-CARRAGEENAN-METHYL

CELLULOSE BLEND AS BIOPOLYMER ELECTROLYTE

Rosnah Zakaria1,2*

1Ionic Materials Lab, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam,

Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

* [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Biopolymer is a natural biodegradable polymer that has attracted much attention in recent

years. The biopolymer can change the artificial electrolyte to the preferred natural electrolyte.

The biopolymer that has been used is kappa-carrrageenan and methylcellulose with NH4I as a

salt. This study were measured the conductivity and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared)

spectroscopy of modified kappa-carrageenan and methyl cellulose. The kappa-carrageenan

and methyl cellulose is mixed together with NH4I salt with different composition by solution

casting method. There are 8 sample with different composition has been prepared. The

structural of samples were studied using FTIR spectroscopy and the EIS is to study the ionic

conductivity of sample at room temperature. The best conductivity is 6.00 x 10-8 S cm-1 which

belongs to composition of 0.1 wt% methylcellulose with 0.3 wt% k-carrageenan and 0.6 wt%

NH4I salt and the lowest conductivity is 3.19 x 10-9 S cm-1 which its composition is 0.4 wt%

methylcellulose with 0.1 wt% k-carrageenan and 0.5 wt% NH4I salt. Based on the FTIR

analysis, the functional group which involved in the conductivity is the O=S=O with the H+

ions to make hydrogen bonding where it was shifted to broaden in the FTIR measurement at

spectra between wavenumber of 1500 cm-1 to 1000 cm-1. Thus, the result of 0.1 wt%

methylcellulose with 0.3 wt% k-carrageenan and 0.6 wt% NH4I salt give the best

conductivity and could be replaced the artificial electrolyte as the new alternative stored

energy.

Keywords: Impedance Spectroscopy, functional group, Biopolymer




Track 2: Applied Physics



OB-1

COMPARISON OF SILICON DIOXIDE GROWTH ON SILICON P (100) SUBSTRATE

FROM DIFFERENT MANUFACTURER

A.A.A. Safian, F.L.M. Khir


Malaysia

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Silicon dioxide is typically used as an insulator and also as the sacrificial layer in

semiconductor device fabrication. Silicon dioxide are used in semiconductor device due to

stable and strong dielectric material properties which easily formed by high temperature

process. The silicon substrate that have orientation [111] has a higher oxide growth rate than

[100] orientation silicon. The main concern for the surface of the silicon substrate is the

roughness of silicon dioxide on silicon substrate. Roughness profiler on silicon substrate

surface is the electrical characteristic as roughness could lead to malfunction of

semiconductor devices. The process are only involving the growth of SiO2 layer on silicon

substrates by wet oxidation. Meanwhile the SiO2 layer growth on p-type silicon substrate

with crystalline orientation of [100] and [111]. The silicon substrate that has different

crystalline orientation may affect the growth of silicon dioxide on silicon substrate. The

variables such as crystal orientation will give an understanding about the growth of SiO2

layer mechanism on surface of silicon substrate. Therefore the process of silicon dioxide

growth on selected substrate in must be observed to optimize the silicon dioxide layer grown

in Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Faculty of Applied Sciences semiconductor laboratory

facility.




OB-2

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF (80-x)B2O3-xTeO2-10Li2O-10Al2O3 MIXED NETWORK

FORMER GLASS SYSTEM

N.A.M. Samsudin1, R. Hisam2*, A.K. Yahya3

1,2,3Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Mixed glass former (80−x)B2O3-xTeO2-10Li2O-10Al2O3 (x = 10 mol% to 60 mol%) glasses

were prepared by melt-quenching technique to investigate the effects of mixing two glass

formers on the elastic properties of the glass system. Structural analysis using FTIR

spectroscopy revealed competition between both TeO2 and B2O3 formers where TeO4

functional group representing BO decreased with increasing TeO2 content, while BO4 units

fluctuated below 40 mol% before finally increasing at higher TeO2 content. At x = 40 mol%

TeO2 content, presence of high NBO represented by TeO3 and BO3 units lead to drop in

direct and indirect optical energy gap (Eopt’ and Eopt

”) together with maximum in n’, n”, Eu

and 𝜀𝑜𝑝𝑡. NBO has high polarizability than BO, thus NBO binds excited electrons less tightly

than BO. Hence, NBO’s electrons require less energy to induce electron excitation than BO’s

electrons leading to the minimum in Eopt and maximum in n with a large presence of NBO.

Moreover, a large NBO ion indicates shifting of valence band maximum to higher energies,

which result to a smaller Eopt. The peak of Eu observed at x = 40 mol% suggests high defect

concentration contributed by large NBO concentration. DC conductivity also showed a

minimum at x = 40 mol% which suggests presence of MGFE leading to the observed minima

in optical properties.

Keywords: Optical Properties; DC Conductivity; Mixed Glass Former Effect




OB-3

DIELECTRIC AND AC CONDUCTIVITY STUDIES OF SrXLiTeO6 (X=La, Nd)

DOUBLE PEROVSKITES

M.Z.M. Halizan, A.K. Yahya, Z. Mohamed*

Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

SrXLiTeO6 (X=La, Nd) double perovskites were synthesized using solid-state reaction

method to investigate the effects of different ion substitutions on structural, dielectric and ac

conductivity properties using x-ray diffraction and electrical impedance spectroscopy

measurements. The X-ray diffraction patterns at room temperature confirm both SrLaLiTeO6

and SrNdLiTeO6 compounds crystallizes in monoclinic symmetry (P21/n space group).

Dielectric properties were evaluated using dielectric constant, ɛ’ and dielectric tangent losses,

tan δ. The compound shows significant frequency dispersion in its dielectric properties with

non-Debye type plot with ɛ’ and tan δ shows enhancement and decrement with temperature,

respectively for both compounds. At 1 MHz of all studied temperatures, X=Nd shows higher

ɛ’ values compared to X=La. The frequency dependent conductivity spectra follow the

universal power law at all frequencies. The ac conductivity, σac at 1MHz varies from 1.75 x

10-4 Sm-1 to 7.24 x 10-3 Sm-1 for compounds with X=La and Nd, respectively. Electrical

measurements were influenced the contribution from the lattice at high frequencies. The σac

behaviour is due to the hopping of oxygen vacancies. Modulus analysis was performed to

understand the mechanism of electrical transport process where it exhibits dispersion at high

frequencies, whereas non-Debye type relaxation was determined from variation in real part of

modulus, M’ which shows dispersion at high frequencies.




OB-4

INFLUENCE OF RUTHENIUM DOPING ON THE STRUCTURAL AND

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF Pr0.67Ba0.33Mn1-xRuxO3

Z. Mohamed*, I.S. Shahrom, N. Ibrahim

Faculty of Applied Sciences,Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT:

In this paper, we report the structural, morphological and magnetic properties of ruthenium

doping at manganese site in Pr0.67Ba0.33MnO3 manganites. The Rietveld refinement of X-ray

powder diffraction (XRD) data shows that the Pr0.67Ba0.33MnO3 and Pr0.67Ba0.33Mn0.9Ru0.1O3

crystallizes in an orthorhombic perovskite structure with Pnma space group. Doping with

ruthenium shows increment in the lattice parameter and the unit cell volume. Small change in

both Mn-O-Mn bond angle and bond distance is observed with ruthenium doping. Field

Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) was used to examine the surface

morphology of samples. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) reveal the

manganese-oxygen as well as metal-oxygen bonds appeared at the band of 600 cm-1 and 900

cm-1 respectively. AC susceptibility measurements studies confirm that the samples exhibit

paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic transition at 130 K and 153 K for Pr0.67Ba0.33MnO3 and

Pr0.67Ba0.33Mn0.9Ru0.1O3 sample respectively.




OB-5

HYBRID U-SHAPED-MICROBEND FIBER OPTIC EVANESCENT WAVE SENSOR

FOR WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT

Mukhtar, W. M.* and Kamarulzaman, A. H

Applied Physics Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam

Malaysia (USIM), Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, 71800. *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

A hybrid U-shaped-microbend fiber optic evanescent wave sensor was developed by

combining two types of bending structures on the optical communication single mode optical

fiber (SMF). To study the effect optical microbending on the output power, corrugated plates

consisted of cylindrical structured surface with various distance between the glass rods of 0.6

cm, 1.2 cm and 1.8 cm were constructed. The macrobending effect was introduced by

bending the SMF into two shapes, namely U-shaped and S-shaped. Optical laser sources with

wavelength of 1310 nm and 1550 nm were connected to the first end of SMF while the

second end was connected to the power meter to record the output power. The bare SMF with

various bending designs were immersed into numerous water sources from Sg. Simin, Sg.

Batang Benar and Sg. Klang. The output demonstrated that Sg. Simin resulted the highest

output power with optical loss about 43.10 dB by using corrugated plate with distance of 1.2

cm and 1550nm laser source. This result indicated that Sg. Simin is the most polluted river in

comparison with Sg. Batang Benar and Sg. Klang. Higher power loss was obtained by using

Sg. Simin’s water sample due to the better light absorption from the evanescent waves by the

fine particles pollution in comparison with less polluted water sources. The optimum sensing

performance was successfully resulted by using U-shaped SMF due to its durability and

uniform evanescent waves radiated from the cladding. In conclusion, the hybrid U-shaped-

microbend SMF sensor based on evanescent waves propagation portrays an excellent

potential to detect water pollution by monitoring the optical power losses experienced by the

optical fiber.

Keywords: U-shaped, macrobend, microbend, fiber optic sensor, bending loss, water quality




OB-6

ULTRASONIC TESTING PHASED ARRAY (UTPA) AS INSPECTION TOOLS FOR

STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING (SHM) OF ENGINEERING

COMPONENTS

Jeffry Jamil*, Dr. Syed Yusainee Syed Yahya**

*Advantech Alliance Sdn. Bhd, No 12, Jalan Angkasawan U1/39, Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

**Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,


ABSTRACT

This paper describes the capabilities of UTPA to detect flaws in welded components with

comparison of conventional Ultrasonic Testing. The welded plate with Single-Vee and

Double-Vee configurations were fabricated using Submerge Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)

process. The welded samples consist of various types of weld defects such as Lack of

Penetration (LOP), Lack of Fusion (LOF), crack, etc. Sixteen (16) element of Phased array

probe with 0.5 mm pitch, and 4 MHz were carried out for this study with encoded scanning

approach. From the result, the relevant indication from the conventional UT and UTPA were

collected and analysed. The outcome of the study revealed that UTPA technique is capable to

improve the Probability of Detection (POD) compared to the conventional UT.

Keywords: NDT, Ultrasonic Testing, advanced UT, Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing,

UTPA, Weld.




OB-7

ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF (1−y)[20Li2O-xBi2O3-(80-x)B2O3]+yAgNPs MIXED

IONIC ELECTRONIC GLASS SYSTEM

N.A.M. Khalid1, R. Hisam2* 1,2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Mixed ionic electronic (1−y)[20Li2CO3-xBi2O3-(80-x)B2O3]+yAgNPs (x = 3 mol% to 11

mol%) glasses were prepared by melt-quenching technique to investigate the effects of

mixing bismuth and borate on the elastic properties of the glass system. Structural analysis

using FTIR spectroscopy revealed presence of BO3, BO4, BiO6 and BiO3 functional group.

BO3 and BiO6 indicate non-bridging oxygen while BO4 and BiO3 indicate bridging oxygen.

At x = 5 mol% and 7 mol% , the observed minima in independent elastic moduli

(longitudinal, CL K and Young’s, Y modulus was due to

presence of high concentration of BO3 and BiO6 which indicate non-bridging, NBO.

Meanwhile, in the same region, quantitative analysis of ultrasonic data using bulk

compression model showed maximum in Kbc/Ke ratio at x = 5 mol% and 7 mol%, which

indicate minimum isotropic compression. On the other hand, the computed maximum in

average ring size, l at similar region indicates maximum ring deformation.

Keywords: Elastic Properties; FTIR spectroscopy; Mixed Ionic Electronic Effects




OB-8

MULTIFERROIC BiFeO3 DOPED WITH DIFFERENT PERCENTAGE OF

GALLIUM: STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL, MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC

PROPERTIES

Sazali, M.S.1,2, Yaakob, M.K.1,2*, Mohamed, Z.1 , Mamat, M.H.3 , Hassan, O.H2,4, Yahya,

M.Z.A.2,5 1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia

2Ionics Materials & Devices (iMADE) Research Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti

Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia 3NANO-ElecTronic Centre (NET), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi

MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 4Faculty of Art and Design, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia

5Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia,

57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

In this research work, multiferroic BiFeO3 doped with different percentage (0%, 1%, 3%, and

5%) of Gallium were prepared by hydrothermal method at 200°C for 6 hours. Potassium

Hydroxide (KOH) was used as a mineralizer during the synthetization for the precipitation.

The characterization of the samples was further analyzed in different properties such as

structural, optical, magnetic and electric. The XRD result detected a good BiFeO3 peak for all

samples but secondary phase, Bi2O3, was detected as the value of percentage Gallium

increase. As for the structural properties, the size and structure of all particles for all samples

do not show any major changes. The UV-Vis analysis shows that all the samples produce a

significant improvement showing a narrow and small optical band gap. For magnetic and

electric properties, the analysis shows a good result as the value of Gallium percentage

increase where the presence of secondary phase Bi2O3 might influence and affect the

properties thus produce a good results.

Keywords: BiFeO3; potassium hydroxide; gallium; hydrothermal method




OB-9

INVESTIGATION OF THE PATTERN FABRICATED WITH NEGATIVE

PHOTORESIST ON SILICON SUBSTRATE

S. Rahim, F.L.M. Khir


Malaysia

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Negative photoresist is one of the type of photoresists which exposure to UV light causes the

chemical structure of the photoresist to polymerize, which is just the opposite of positive

photoresists. Instead of becoming more soluble, negative photoresists become extremely

difficult to dissolve. As a result, the UV exposed negative resist remains on the surface while

the photoresist developer solution works to remove the areas that are unexposed. This leaves

a mask that consists of an inverse pattern of the original, which is applied on the wafer.

Basically, the purpose of this research is to observe the pattern resulted by negative

photoresist on p(111) and p(100) silicon substrates. This is because the used of negative

photoresist are never been apply in UiTM Semiconductor fabrications laboratory. Hence, this

study is to come out with the optimum parameters that should be taken into account when

dealing with a negative photoresists.The process flow and the parameters applied in this study

can be used as a guideline to introduce the negative photoresist into the UiTM semiconductor

fabrications laboratory. Thus, students can have a wider exposure on how the pattern is

fabricated on the silicon substrate by using negative photoresist.




OB-10

LITHIUM OXIDE CONCENTRATION DEPENDENT ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

OF ERBIUM DOPED MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE GLASS

Fatasya Izreen Hanim Alias1*, Ramli Arifin2

1 Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor

2Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor Bahru

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Phosphate glasses with composition of (79.5-x)P2O5 – (x)Li2O – (20)MgO – (0.5)Er2O3 where

x = 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0 mol% have been prepared by using melt-quenching technique

The effect of Li2O concentration on the physical properties includes density and molar

volume, as well as electrical properties in term of DC conductivity and dielectric properties

has been investigated. The glass density has been determined by Archimedes’ principle and

was found to be increased from 2.137 to 2.327 gcm-3 with the addition of Li2O. Conversely,

the molar volume of glass was decreasing from 52.219 to 38.331 cm3mol-1 as the Li2O

concentration increases from 10 to 30 mol%. DC conductivity has been studied by using two-

point probe method and was found to be in the range of 2.178 to 4.284 nSm-1. The dielectric

constant has been measured using an IM3536 LCR meter in range of 0.04 to 500 kHz.

Dielectric constant for all samples was at range of decrease gradually and become saturated at

certain value of frequency.

Keywords: Lithium phosphate glass, Lithium oxide, DC conductivity, Dielectric constant.




Track 3: Theoretical and Computational Physics



OC – 1

THE EFFECT OF SPIN-ORBIT COUPLING ON THERMOELECTRIC

PROPERTIES OF BISMUTH TELLURIDE

Muhammad Zamir Mohyedin, Mohamad Fariz Mohamad Taib

Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Bismuth telluride regain attention due to its capability as a solution of the environmental

crisis. Bi2Te3 is one of the most efficient thermoelectric materials known that can operate at

room temperature. A comprehensive analysis was conducted using DFT that implemented in

CASTEP to performed structural optimization with the consideration of Van der Waals

interaction. WIEN2K is used to calculate electronic and thermoelectric properties. LDA

functional was chosen with the spin-orbit coupling inclusion. SOC has developed multi-

valleys band and increased degeneracy on band structure which indicates the increased of

electrical and thermal conductivity. The occupancy of electrons also have increased. The

SOC has increased a change rate of thermopower, electrical conductivity and thermal

conductivity. However, SOC has decreased thermopower and overall performance of Bi2Te3.

Nevertheless, the results are consistent with the other studies and SOC provides the true

nature of Bi2Te3. SOC can be used to manipulate the properties of thermoelectric material.

Keywords: bismuth telluride, spin-orbit coupling, structural properties, electronic properties,

thermoelectric properties, density functional theory.




OC – 2

AB INITIO CALCULATIONS OF ANTIMONY SULPHIDE NANOWIRE

Afiq Radzwan1*, Rashid Ahmed1,2, Amiruddin Shaari1, AbdullahiLawal3

1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai,

Johor, Malaysia 2Centre for High Energy Physics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590,

Lahore, Pakistan 3Department of Physics, Federal College of Education Zaria, P.M.B 1041, Zaria, Kaduna

State, Nigeria *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

We have performed first-principles calculations on orthorhombic antimony sulphide (Sb2S3)

nanowire using full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method based on

the density-functional theory (DFT) as implemented in WIEN2k package to investigate the

electronic and optical properties. Engel–Vosko generalized gradient approximation (EV-

GGA) is used as exchange-correlation functional. The nanowire is simulated in the [001]

direction with vacuum in two directions using supercell method. The results are compared

with Sb2S3 bulk results obtained in our pervious study. We have found that the electronic and

optical properties significantly change in Sb2S3 nanowire. The density of state (DOS) for

Sb2S3 nanowire calculated is higher than bulk Sb2S3 and from the electronic band structure,

the indirect band gap is about 0.12 eV where this value is much lower than Sb2S3 bulk.

However, this value is much lower than experimental value. The optical properties including

absorption coefficient, reflectivity, refractive index and energy loss function are derived from

the calculated complex dielectric for photon energy up to 20 eV to understand the optical

behavior of Sb2S3 in one-dimensional (1-D) nanostructure. From analysis, the optical

response of Sb2S3 nanowire demonstrate quite interesting optical behavior for one-dimension

(1-D) nanostructure. The absorption coefficient for Sb2S3 nanowire is considerably higher in

visible light range than Sb2S3 bulk.

Keywords: Density functional theory; LAPW; Antimony sulphide; Nanowire; Electronic

structure; Optical properties




OC – 3

A FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY ON STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRONIC

PROPERTIES OF NOVEL CATHODE MATERIAL NaFeSO4OH FOR

RECHARGEABLE BATTERY: A COMPARISON STUDY.

A. Idrus a, F.W. Badrudin b, M.F.M. Taib c, d, M.Z.A. Yahya a, c, d, * a Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia,

57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia b Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia c Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia

d Ionics Material & Devices (iMADE) Research Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi MARA,

40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Layered LiFeSO4OH was recently proposed as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs)

made up of abundant, low cost and sustainable components. Here, we report ab-initio

investigation into its sodium analogue, NaFeSO4OH obtained from in-situ substitution of Li

with Na. Structural properties, bond properties and electron density difference were

calculated and compared between LiFeSO4OH and NaFeSO4OH. A more robust host

structure for NaFeSO4OH was discovered owing to stronger Fe-O and S-O bonds, a good

sign for thermal stability and cycle life and strongly bonded Na+ ions leave plenty of room for

improvements.

Keywords: NaFeSO4OH, cathode material, sodium ion battery, first principles, CASTEP




OC-4

QUANTUM CORRELATIONS CONTROL OF PHOTON-PHONON INTERACTION

IN MULTIMODE CAVITY OPTOMECHANICS

Julius, R.1* and Ibrahim, A-B. M. A.2

1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Perak, Tapah Campus,

35400 Tapah Road, Perak, Malaysia. 2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam,

Selangor, Malaysia. *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

From the perspective of phase space representation, we discuss the quantum features of an

optomechanical system consisting of a microcavity coupled to a nonlinear mechanical

oscillator. Using quantum Langevin equations, the exact representation of the Hamiltonian in

phase space led to the demonstration of photon-phonon quantum correlations such as sub-

Poissonian property, squeezing and entanglement. We show that these properties can be

controlled with a multimode coherent state cavity field.

Keywords: quantum correlations; cavity optomechanics; quantum Langevin equation




OC – 5

A REVIEW OF SENSOR TECHNOLOGY FOR NIGHT SKY BRIGHTNESS

STUDIES IN MALAYSIA

Ngadiman, N.F.1,2,3*, Shariff, N.N.M.1,2,3 and Hamidi, Z.S.1,3,4

1Islamic Astronomy & Solar Astrophysics (IASA) Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam,

Malaysia

2Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS) Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah

Alam, Malaysia 3Institute of Science (IOS) Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia

4Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, the natural darkness is at risk in large regions of the world including Malaysia,

due to the spread of poorly designed outdoor lighting systems. Artificial light at night has

been shown to be a major contributor to the increase of sky brightness at night. Hence, some

night sky brightness (NSB) measurement in Malaysia were conducted by using several types

of light sensors in order to serve quantitative data and spread awareness on this issue. The

objective of this paper is to provide an overview of technical explanations on the sensor

technology that have been used in measuring brightness of night sky in Malaysia besides to

identify recent or significant advances and discoveries in this field of study. Qualitative

method was adopted in this paper through literature review from numerous conducted studies

by other researchers in order to perceive better understanding on the use of dedicated light

sensor in NSB related research that will add on the body of knowledge. Based on an in-depth

review of the literature, starting from 2005 until now, it is noticeable that most of the light

sensor used in the NSB studies in Malaysia was Sky Quality Meter (SQM) photometer,

produced by the Canadian company Unihedron, which equipped with TSL237 sensor. SQM

has always been the choice of researchers in Malaysia to carry out their sky brightness

measurements compared to other light sensors such as PMT, APC and PBM. We can see

clearly a fairly good development of sensor that have been utilized in NSB studies definitely,

NSB studies will always look forward for a sensor that can match human eyes.

Keywords: light sensor; night sky brightness; sensor technology




OC-6

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF E-CALLISTO SYSTEM IN PREDICTING

GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCE

Nurain Mohamad Ansor1,2*, Zety Sharizat Hamidi1,2, Nur Nafhatun Md Shariff2,3 1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia.

2Institue of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia. 3Academy of Contemporary of Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah

Alam, Malaysia

*[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Geomagnetic disturbance or known as solar storm is a major disturbance experienced by the

Earth when a stream of energetic solar wind plasma coming through, causing disruptions to

power grids and communication systems. e-CALLISTO network is an implemented system

that is useful for solar activity observation. With the distribution of more than 150

instruments at over 90 locations worldwide, the observations are carried out for 24 hours

every day throughout the year. Solar radio burst (SRB) type IV is closely related and believed

as the source of geomagnetic disturbance that can be detected by CALLISTO instrument.

This paper highlights the occurrence of type IV bursts associated to solar storm during solar

maximum. The data selected was on 10th September 2014 where type IV bursts were formed

at 1727 UT until 1745 UT within a frequency range of 135MHz to 390MHz. Accompanying

the bursts was a halo CME prior to the bursts’ formation and an X1.6 flare was registered.

The CME was heading towards the Earth at a speed of 1267 km/s and was expected to arrive

in 32 hours. As a result to type IV bursts associated to a vigorous CME, a major G2 storm

was reported by NOAA a couple of days later. The results have shown a parallel correlation

between type IV bursts detected by e-CALLISTO and solar storm event, which has

highlighted the importance of this system in predicting space weather events.

Keywords: e-callisto system, solar radio bursts, geomagnetic disturbance




OC - 7

EFFECT OF NI SUBSTITUTION AT Mn-SITE ON STRUCTURAL AND

ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF MONOVALENT-DOPED Pr0.75Na0.25MnO3

MANGANITE: EXPERIMENTAL AND FIRST PRINCIPLES LDA+U STUDIES

R. Rozilah, M.K. Yaakob*, A.K. Yahya


Malaysia

* [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The structural, magnetic, electrical transport and electronic properties of Pr0.75Na0.25Mn1-

xNixO3 (x = 0, 0.25 and 0.50) manganite were investigated using combined experimental and

first principles approaches. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that all samples were present in

single phase and crystallized in orthorhombic structure with Pnma space group. Rietvield

refinement analysis revealed unit cell volume slight increase with increase Ni concentration.

AC susceptibility (χ') against temperature (T) curve for x = 0 showed paramagnetic (PM) –

antiferromagnetic (AFM) behaviorand weak ferromagnetic (FM) phase at lower temperature

region. Meanwhile for x = 0.25 and 0.50 samples, the χ'(T) curve exhibited PM–FM transition

with Curie temperature (TC), decreasing from 93K (x = 0.25) to 92 K (x = 0.50) and the

susceptibility values decrease at low temperature region below TC. Electrical resistivity

measurement on all the samples displayed insulating behavior. UV–Vis absorption spectra

curve showed optical energy gap (Eg) decreased from 2.48 eV (x = 0) to 1.75 eV (x = 0.50).

For first principles calculation, the Hubbard U parameter for the treatment of strong Coulomb

repulsion among electrons in 3d/4f orbitals was included in LDA + U functional. The U

values for Mn3d, Pr4f and Ni 3d were set at 2, 6 and 6 eV, respectively. The calculated

crystal volume structures for Ni free substitution (x=0) and Ni-substituted samples (x=0.25

and 0.50) were consistent with the experimental data for UMn values of 2 and 6 eV,

respectively. The calculated total energy indicated that Pr0.75Na0.25Mn1-xNixO3 (x= 0, 0.25,

0.50) manganite with AFM phase was more stable than that of the FM phase, which is in

good agreement with experimental at lower temperatures. Furthermore, the results of

calculation showed that the structural and electronic properties of Pr0.75Na0.25Mn1-xNixO3

(x= 0, 0.25, 0.50) were considerably influenced by Ni substitution. Interestingly, density of

states (DOS) calculations revealed that Pr0.75Na0.25Mn1-xNixO3 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50) was half-

metallic. It found from calculated DOS that the spin down channel exhibited metallic

behavior and the spin up channel showed insulating behavior with decreases in calculated

energy band gap with Ni substitution. The average effective charge, bond population and

length in the Mulliken population analysis indicated that Mn/Ni–O bonds possessed a higher

degree of covalency than the Pr/Na–O bonds.

Keywords: Manganite, Ni substitution, LDA+U, Electronic properties, Half-Metallic




OC – 8

TIME DEPENDENT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY APPROACH IN

ELECTRONIC CIRCULAR DICHROISM SPECTRUM SIMULATION FOR

MONOTERPENOID INDOLE ALKALOIDS

Yunus, Y.M. 1, Salim, F.2*

1 Universiti Teknologi MARA, Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery

(AuRIns), 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Universiti Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Applied Sciences, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor,


ABSTRACT

Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy is an advanced technique to determine

absolute configuration of an organic compound by correlating the experimental with the

theoretical spectra predicted through quantum mechanical calculation, mainly using time-

dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) methods. In order to obtain a good agreement

between the calculated and experimental spectra, this calculation nevertheless demands for a

suitable level of theory. The development of a level of theory that capable to unequivocally

predicting an accurate ECD spectrum requires exploitation of skeletal of well-known

established chiral compound to be benchmarked. Therefore in this work, the skeletal

structures of a spiro-7 diastereomeric monoterpenoid indole alkaloids known as

isopteropodine and pteropodine were utilized to determine a reliable level of theory to be

applied in their CD properties’ simulation that can balance the time and cost of the

calculation. Pople’s basis set, polarizable continuum solvation models, and exchange-

correlation functionals were incorporated in series of level of theory and assessed to the

skeletal structure of the alkaloids, and the best is the set that can execute an accurate

spectrum. The present study has shown that the alkaloids complex skeletal requires an

adequate Pople’s basis set incorporating diffusion and polarization functions which takes into

account extensive solvation model, and the requirement of the long-range corrected

properties functional can allow to properly simulate their ECD spectra by TDDFT

computational method.

Keywords: monoterpenoid indole alkaloids; ECD; TDDFT




OC – 9

ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF CA-DOPED YBa2-xCaxCu3O7 USING FIRST

PRINCIPLE STUDY VIA DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY

Saipuddin, S.F1*, Khairul, N.M.M1, H. Azhan1, Taib, M.F.M2 1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Pahang, 26400, Jengka,

Pahang, Malaysia 2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam ,

Selangor, Malaysia *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Being a ceramic-based high temperature superconductor, YBa2-xCaxCu3O7 has been widely

researched to improve its critical temperature, TC and current density, JC. Pure YBa2Cu3O7

superconductor has proven to operate at TC around 92K and has different values of JC.

However, addition of dopants such as calcium in YBa2Cu3O7 superconductor helps to

improve the JC with small decrement in TC. This study reports on the First Principle Study

with Density Functional Theory (DFT) applied in determining the electronic properties of Ca-

doped YBa2-xCaxCu3O7 in range of x=0.0 to x=0.3. Visual Crystal Approximation (VCA)

approach has been adopted in constructing the crystal structure and calculated via local

density approximation (LDA) and ultrasoft pseuodopotential. Refinement of model prior to

geometry optimization shown energy converged at 400 eV with k-point sampling of 4x4x1.

The electronic properties of YBa2-xCu3O7 were observed to be approximately close to the

experimental data obtained by other researches. The addition of calcium into YBa2Cu3O7

does not change the orthorhombicity of the samples. The band structure of YBa2Cu3O7

showed that both pure and Ca-doped YBa2Cu3O7 samples had same trend of conduction and

valence bands. To further enhance the electronic view of doped and undoped structures, the

partial density of states were analyzed.

Keywords: Ca-dopant; Density Functional Theory; First Principle Study; YBCO




OC - 10

FIRST PRINCIPLES STUDY ON STRUCTURAL, ELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL

PROPERTIES OF Fe DOPED NiS2 COUNTER ELECTRODE FOR DYE

SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

N.A. Malika,b, N.N. Alama,b, M.F.M. Taiba,b*

aFaculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia bIonic Materials and Devices (iMADE), Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA,

40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia * [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Nickel sulphide (NiS2) were computed by using the first principle calculation through density

functional theory method based on Perdew –Burke – Ernzerhof (PBE). Iron (Fe) was use as a

dopant element to improve the solar cell device. The purpose of the study is to understand the

behaviour and the key mechanism of Fe doped NiS2 as a counter electrode in dye-sensitized

solar cell. Result from the comparative calculation shows the GGA-PBE was used to

deliberate the Fe doped NiS2 and pure NiS2.The calculation was used to evaluate the

structural, electronic and optical properties of NiS2 and Fe doped NiS2 for counter electrode

in dye sensitized solar cell. The result indicated that the structural properties of the NiS2 as

the cubic crystal structure with the space group of 205/Pa3 (pyrite). Density of states of NiS2

and Fe doped NiS2 shows no band gap due to highly hybridization of d orbital. As for optical

properties, the optical absorption is shifted to infrared region (3000 nm to 3500 nm) which

may gives to the good result in photo-catalytic activity of the system. The doped Fe-NiS2

material shows a good enhancement on the counter electrode and efficiency in dye-sensitized

solar cell. The properties of first principle study indicated that NiS2 can gives a good

improvement and effect on the efficiency and other properties in order to replace Pt counter

electrode, while Fe doped NiS2 shows an increasing result compared to NiS2 whereby proved

that the Fe doped NiS2 can be used to gives a better quality for counter electrode in dye-

sensitized solar cell.

Keywords: counter electrode; density functional theory; structural properties; electronic

properties; optical properties.




OC – 11

FIRST PRINCIPLES STUDY ON STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES, ELECTRONIC

PROPERTIES, GROUND STATE STRUCTURE AND STRAIN PROPERTIES OF

CUBIC (PM3M) AND TETRAGONAL (P4MM) ATiO3 (A=Pb,Sn)

N.N. Alama,b, N.A. Malika,b, N.A.F. Alia,b, M.F.M. Taiba,b*

aFaculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia bIonic Materials and Devices (iMADE), Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA,

40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Quantum counts by means of the primary standards study utilizing the thickness useful

hypothesis have offered incredible chances to depict the root and most major properties of

new materials. What is more, point by point properties of the materials can be pictured by

giving a precise view at the nuclear dimension. Works are centered on exploring lead free

ferroelectric materials that have a comparable unique ns2 solitary pair electrons with Pb (II),

for example Sn (II) by means of first standards estimation. Adjustment of Pb-based materials

(PTO) by substituting or doping at the A-site are numerically foreseen to improve the

ferroelectric properties just as to in the end diminish the utilization of Pb (II) in electroactive

gadgets. Properties of toxic materials PbTiO3 (PTO), as reference materials were contrasted

and new without lead ferroelectric materials, for example, SnTiO3 (SnTO). All counts were

performed utilizing first standards concentrate dependent on Density Functional Theory

(DFT) that has been executed in CASTEP PC code. Utilitarian GGA-PBE displays the most

exact qualities for cross section parameter in respect to exploratory qualities for both cubic

PbTiO3. In the interim, GGA-PBEsol practical is exact for tetragonal PTO. The versatile

properties esteems affirm that cubic PTO and SnTO just as tetroganal PTO and SnTO are

precisely steady. The electronic band structure and thickness of states show the presence of

hybridizations between anion O 2p and cation Pb 6s/Sn 5s (unique solitary pair) in tetragonal

PTO and SnTO stage.

Keywords: density functional theory (DFT); electronic properties; phase stability; strain

properties


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