abnormal cellular growth and development
DESCRIPTION
Abnormal Cellular Growth and Development. To detail and describe the major abnormal tissue growths in the body. To connect the structure and function of the ABNORMAL to the NORMAL. To continue to demonstrate the 3Is as they apply to the human body. Human Biology. What do we know so far?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Abnormal Cellular Abnormal Cellular Growth and Growth and
DevelopmentDevelopment
Human BiologyHuman Biology
To detail and describe the major abnormal tissue growths in the body.To connect the structure and function of the ABNORMAL to the NORMAL.To continue to demonstrate the 3Is as they apply to the human body.
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What do we know so What do we know so far?far?Proper function of the human Proper function of the human
body is dependent on a body is dependent on a hierarchy of components.hierarchy of components.MoleculesMoleculesCells Cells TissuesTissuesSystemsSystems
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The Systems of the The Systems of the body divide the tasksbody divide the tasksIntegumentaIntegumentaryry
CirculatoryCirculatoryRespiratoryRespiratoryEndocrineEndocrineReproductiveReproductiveDigestiveDigestive
ExcretoryExcretory LymphaticLymphatic ImmuneImmune MuscularMuscular SkeletalSkeletal
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Through Negative Through Negative FeedbackFeedback
http://tidepool.st.usm.edu/pix/servomechanismcomponents.gif
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Systems are composed Systems are composed of…of…
The 5 primary tissue types:The 5 primary tissue types: Connective Tissue: Binding and Connective Tissue: Binding and
supportsupport Epithelium: Linings and CoveringsEpithelium: Linings and Coverings Nervous: Impulse TransmissionNervous: Impulse Transmission Muscle: MovementMuscle: Movement Blood: Specialized connective tissueBlood: Specialized connective tissue
Transport, fight infection, clottingTransport, fight infection, clotting
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Cellular changes will affect Cellular changes will affect the organs, and thus the the organs, and thus the
systemssystemsAplasiaAplasia
HypoplasiaHypoplasia
AtrophyAtrophy
HypertrophyHypertrophy
HyperplasiaHyperplasia
AnaplasiaAnaplasia
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APLASIAAPLASIATissue is absent, as it was Tissue is absent, as it was
never formed during prenatal never formed during prenatal developmentdevelopmentCongenitalCongenital
Examples?Examples?Missing parts…finger, Missing parts…finger, kidney, earkidney, ear
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www.dent.niigata-u.ac.jp/.../ malocc/APLASIA.html
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HypoplasiaHypoplasiaUnderdeveloped Organ; Underdeveloped Organ; Smaller than normal.Smaller than normal.Congenital, too.Congenital, too.
Examples?Examples?Again, arm, head, Again, arm, head, kidney.kidney.
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http://www.humpath.com/IMG/jpg/limb_hypoplasia_0411.jpg
Limb Hypoplasia in a fetal human
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Thought Question…Thought Question…
How are the two prior How are the two prior ACG’s similar? How are ACG’s similar? How are they different?they different?
What is the “Structure What is the “Structure and Function” link here?and Function” link here?
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AtrophyAtrophy Condition that will decrease the Condition that will decrease the
size of an organsize of an organPhysiologicalPhysiological
The aging processThe aging processPathologicalPathological
Inactivity or constraintInactivity or constraintArm, Leg CastArm, Leg Cast
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www.theshrivers.us/.../ CalfAtrophy.htm
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www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/. ../oral_symptoms.htm
Riboflavin deficiency (Vitamin B2)
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HypertrophyHypertrophy Increase in tissue size due Increase in tissue size due
to volumetric increase.to volumetric increase.Muscle, NerveMuscle, Nerve
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www.telemedicine.org/ dm/fh.htm
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www.e-radiography.net/ ibase5/Renal/index2.htm
Renal Compensatory Hypertrophy
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www.eatonhand.com/ img/14385.htm
Scar Hypertrophy – see the increase of
scar tissue?
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HyperplasiaHyperplasia Increase in size due to the Increase in size due to the
addition of new cellsaddition of new cellsBenign tumorsBenign tumors
Growth of a single mass of Growth of a single mass of cells in a tissue. Not cells in a tissue. Not cancerous, but can cause cancerous, but can cause mechanical damagemechanical damage
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Hyperplasia Hyperplasia examplesexamples
Papilloma – epithelial growths that Papilloma – epithelial growths that project up and out (warts)project up and out (warts)
Adenoma – epithelial – on or about Adenoma – epithelial – on or about glands.glands.
Lipoma – connective growths; fatty Lipoma – connective growths; fatty tissuestissues
Osteoma – connective growths; boneOsteoma – connective growths; bone Myoma – muscle growthsMyoma – muscle growths Angioma – growths in small blood vesselsAngioma – growths in small blood vessels
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Hemangiomaades.tmu.edu.tw/.../ small/Hemangioma.html
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VERRUCA VULGARIS - WART
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https:/.../equad/ssl-dir/ content.html?bild=006
Pharyngeal Lymphoid Hyperplasia
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www.angelfire.com/ nc/neurosurgery/GGOst.htm
Craniofacial Osteoma
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www.medwave.cl/.../ Tumores/Septiembre2003/2.act
Osteoma
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Lewandowsky-Lutz dysplasia (Epidermodysplasia Lewandowsky-Lutz dysplasia (Epidermodysplasia verruciformis) – rare skin disease. Can lead to cancer. Viral verruciformis) – rare skin disease. Can lead to cancer. Viral in origin…know any other viruses that can contribute to in origin…know any other viruses that can contribute to cancers?cancers?
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http://www.gutenberg.org/files/17921/17921-h/images/fig100.jpg
http://www.pathguy.com/lectures/hornlad2.jpg
Sometimes hyperplastic conditions are quite rare and unusual in presentation.
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Feedback loops can get interrupted,
as in this case…lack of iodine causes
thyroid to increase in
size (hypertrophy
and hyperplasia)
The result can be a goiter.
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Often prevalent in areas with a
lack of iodine in the diet.
This is the reason that
iodine is added to
foods (like salt).
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Thought QuestionThought Question
Hypertrophy and Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia are both Hyperplasia are both abnormal growth conditions abnormal growth conditions in which things seem to get in which things seem to get “bigger.” Yet, they don’t “bigger.” Yet, they don’t get bigger in the same way. get bigger in the same way. Explain.Explain.
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ANAPLASIAANAPLASIA Growth alteration in cells that lead to Growth alteration in cells that lead to
malignancy.malignancy. Lots of variation in size, shape, and structure.Lots of variation in size, shape, and structure. Examples?Examples?
Malignant tumors that metastasize and cause Malignant tumors that metastasize and cause death.death.Sarcomas – Spread by blood stream. Sarcomas – Spread by blood stream.
Connective. Fast moving and found Connective. Fast moving and found everywhere in body.everywhere in body.
Carcinomas – Epithelial; spread by Carcinomas – Epithelial; spread by lymphatic system.lymphatic system.
Stomach, breast, urinary tract, skin, Stomach, breast, urinary tract, skin, uterusuterus
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pathcuric1.swmed.edu/ PathDemo/IND5/IND5140.HTM
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
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Soft tissue sarcoma of thigh - infiltrating muscle
radiology.uchc.edu/ eAtlas/Bone/409.htm
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
dermatology.cdlib.org/. ../horn/horn2.html
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podiatry.temple.edu/ 2006/FPP/Skin/
Basal Cell Carcinoma
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comdisorders.cmsu.edu/.../ Images/HM%20Images.htm
Basal Cell Carcinoma
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www.virtual.unal.edu.co/. ../cap537th.html
Oral Carcinom
a
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Thought Question:Thought Question:
Does Anaplasia start Does Anaplasia start out as Anaplasia? In out as Anaplasia? In other words, can other words, can there be a there be a progression?progression?