aappa workshop march 2003 aappa “space revisited” workshop adaptive air conditioning by david...
TRANSCRIPT
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
AAPPA “Space Revisited” WorkshopAAPPA “Space Revisited” Workshop
ADAPTIVE AIR CONDITIONINGADAPTIVE AIR CONDITIONING
by by
David Uhlhorn David Uhlhorn
Umow Lai & Associates Pty LtdUmow Lai & Associates Pty Ltd
March 2003March 2003
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningComfortComfort
ComfortComfort
Occupant satisfactionOccupant satisfaction
Increased productivity Increased productivity
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningComfortComfort
Some parameters affecting comfort we can Some parameters affecting comfort we can control:control:
temperaturetemperature humidityhumidity air speedair speed ventilation rateventilation rate glareglare solar radiationsolar radiation lighting levellighting level colourscolours
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningComfortComfort
Some parameters affecting comfort we may not Some parameters affecting comfort we may not be able to control:be able to control:
external weather conditionsexternal weather conditions clothingclothing relationship with other occupantsrelationship with other occupants odoursodours job satisfactionjob satisfaction moodmood healthhealth
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningComfortComfort
Definition:Definition:
“Thermal Comfort is that condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment”
- American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningComfortComfort
Comfort conditions in air conditioned buildings:Comfort conditions in air conditioned buildings: ASHRAE Standard 55 “Thermal Environmental
Conditions for Human Occupancy” - satisfies 80% of
sedentary or slightly active persons.
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningComfortComfort
Greater occupant controlGreater occupant control
Greater occupant comfortGreater occupant comfort
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningComfort with Natural VentilationComfort with Natural Ventilation
Comfort conditions in naturally ventilated Comfort conditions in naturally ventilated buildings:buildings:
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningComfortComfort
Adaptive Comfort Theory - occupants adapt to Adaptive Comfort Theory - occupants adapt to their environment via 3 modes:their environment via 3 modes:
Behavioural - Behavioural - adjustment
Physiological - Physiological - acclimatisation
Psychological - Psychological - habituation and expectation
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
Adaptive Air Conditioning:Adaptive Air Conditioning:
natural ventilationnatural ventilation
mechanical air conditioningmechanical air conditioning
Also called hybrid or mixed mode ventilation/air Also called hybrid or mixed mode ventilation/air conditioningconditioning
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
Adaptive Air Conditioning benefits:Adaptive Air Conditioning benefits:
lower capital costslower capital costs
lower operating costslower operating costs
higher occupant satisfactionhigher occupant satisfaction
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air ConditioningPotential for Natural VentilationPotential for Natural Ventilation
Percentage of hours/annum between 15-26 Percentage of hours/annum between 15-26 ooCC% of Total
Hours/Annum
Brisbane 65
Sydney 64
Perth 55
Adelaide 43
Melbourne 37
Canberra 30
Hobart 26
Darwin 25
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
CSIRO Food Science, Werribee:CSIRO Food Science, Werribee:
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
CSIRO Food Science, Werribee:CSIRO Food Science, Werribee:
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
The University of Melbourne - Bio21 Molecular The University of Melbourne - Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteScience and Biotechnology Institute
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
The University of Melbourne - Bio21The University of Melbourne - Bio21
ATRIUM
OCCUPANT CONTROLLED FAN COIL UNIT IN EACH OFFICE.
OUTDOOR AIR VENTILATION DUCT.
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
Deakin University, Burwood - Building TDeakin University, Burwood - Building T
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
Deakin Building TDeakin Building T
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
Deakin Building T:Deakin Building T:
Construction cost $1,650 per mConstruction cost $1,650 per m22
(cf typical > $2,000 per m(cf typical > $2,000 per m22))
Energy target of 350 MJ per mEnergy target of 350 MJ per m22
(cf typical 450 - 950 MJ per m(cf typical 450 - 950 MJ per m22))
Average internal temperature 23 Average internal temperature 23 ooCC
(Nov 02 - Jan 03)(Nov 02 - Jan 03)
AAPPA WorkshopMarch 2003
Adaptive Air ConditioningAdaptive Air Conditioning
Summary:Summary:
Comfort is a personal thing and best that can Comfort is a personal thing and best that can be expected is 90-95% satisfactionbe expected is 90-95% satisfaction
Occupants of naturally ventilated buildings Occupants of naturally ventilated buildings have lower expectations than occupants of air have lower expectations than occupants of air conditioned buildingsconditioned buildings
Degree of control of the environment has a Degree of control of the environment has a major influence on satisfaction with thermal major influence on satisfaction with thermal conditionsconditions