aac assessment
DESCRIPTION
AAC Assessment. “a process whereby data are collected and information is gathered to make intervention and/or management decisions.” Lloyd, Fuller & Arvidson, 1997, p. 524. How should you proceed ?. Process? Ob-Scertainer Carefully shake and tilt your Ob-Scertainer - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
AAC Assessment
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“a process whereby data are collected and information is gathered to make intervention and/or management decisions.”
Lloyd, Fuller & Arvidson, 1997, p. 524
How should you proceed ?
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Process?Ob-Scertainer
Carefully shake and tilt your Ob-Scertainer From the sound & path of the steel ball, determine the
shape and location of the partition or partitions Draw your hypothesis or best guess in a circle
2 Approaches
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ComprehensiveProblem Oriented Approach
Capability Approach
Comprehensive AAC assessment
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To determine the best AAC system for an individual
Basic questions, what are. individual’s communication needs or goals? individual’s strengths and abilities? barriers are preventing the individual from achieving
his or her full communication/participation potential? aids and adaptations that need to be used to
accomplish the child’s goals given his or her strengths and abilities, and current circumstances?
Capability ApproachYorkston & Karlan (1986)
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Identifying individual’s level of performance in critical areas that pertain to communication intervention, such as: communication, cognition, motor control, vision.
Capability Plus Approach Implement strategies to make individual successful
Making Decisions about Components of Aided AAC
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Selection technique scanning or direct selection
Input device. switch, keyboard
Selection Set visual, auditory, and/or tactile presentation of items (e.g.
letters and keys on the keyboard) coverage, development
Transmitted Output text on the monitor screen, speech, Braille print-out,
movement of a powered wheelchairStrategies
encoding, word prediction, abbreviation expansion
AAC Assessment Process
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Determine & Develop Question (s) of Interest
Determine Direct Selection TechniqueCurrent Communication & NeedsCognitive SkillsVisual-Motor
Motor Control Visual Status Switch Consult Seating, Positioning and Mobility Needs
Communication Gamel-McCormick & Dymond, 1994
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Expressive Communication. What does the student currently use to
communicate? What are communication needs?
Expressive Communication
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What does the person currently use to expressively request objects, continue an action, stop an action, request social interaction, express a feeling, make a choice, initiate an interaction, terminate an interaction, or request assistance ?
Present Ways of Communication
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1.Oral Speech2.Symbolic Representation (symbols, text)3.Reading & Writing Ability 4.Non-Oral Communication5.Communication Effectiveness 6.Communication Partners7.Communication Settings 8.Message Needs
1. Functional2. Social3. Informational – Sharing – Conversation4. Developmental & Educational/Vocational Needs
Receptive Communication
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What type of symbolic representation (object, picture, line drawing, words) do you think the student best understands?
Auditory Skills?
Motor Skills
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Does the student have a hand preference? Do they have the ability to reach, grasp,
grasp and release, isolate a finger, and/or point?
In what position is the student able to optimally move and respond?
What reliable, predictable motor movements does the student have?
Motor Skills
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Positioning Factors that influence access to and
functional use of ACC Switch Assessment
Determine type and placement of switch (motor control must be consistent, reliable, transparent)
Features of switches (e.g. size, feedback, travel, durability)
Functional performance with switch may differ from evaluation performance
Functional Vision
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Assess ability to fixate on a target (visual acuity and field
different sizes, distances and positions to get an idea of. track a moving target. localize and discriminate of a particular item on a
page scan along rows and columns
Gradually increase number of items.
Vision and Visual Perception
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Visual acuity - size of the items Visual field - area which can be seen without a
shift in gazeEye movement problems - difficulty maintaining
gaze, or involuntary movements positioning of the selection set, the layout, the spacing
between items, and the ability to track moving itemsLight and colour sensitivity
low and high levels of illumination. glare particular colour combinations (e.g. yellow-on-black key
stickers are available for standard keyboards colour coding particular keys
Underlying Principles of Assessment
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Evaluate communication needs and capabilities, in order to implement the augmentative communication system as soon as possible to enable the individual to begin immediate communication interaction. Identify communication system individual currently
uses Determine the skills that an individual has or needs
to develop in order to communicate effectively Refine current methods & identify new methods Determine effectiveness & efficiency Ultimately, determine optimal way to configure
system
Assessment Resources
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Gamel-McCormick & Dymond (1994) http://acc.k12.ar.us/easter_seals/images/
pdf_files/Augmentative_Communication_Assessment.pdf
http://www.ttac.odu.edu/Articles/Gamel.htmlCommunication checklist
http://www.wati.org/products/freematerials.htmlAugmentative and Alternative Communication
(AAC) Connecting Young Kids (YAACK) - aac.unl.edu/yaack/
AAC Funding & Report Writing
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Rehabilitation Engineering Research Centers AAC-RERC website. http://www.aac-rerc.com --
Medicare Funding of AAC Technology. Information obtained on May 20, 2005. Supported in part by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR).
Dynavox Systems http://www.dynavoxtech.com/funding/
reportassist.aspxGUS
http://www.gusinc.com/medicare.htmlPrentke Romich
http://www.prentrom.com/fund/medicare.html