การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding...

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Researchers Krisda Jitrakbumrung Chatdanai Thanarungsimund Aksornanong Tangthong 5 th Medical students Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University

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Page 1: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Researchers

Krisda Jitrakbumrung Chatdanai Thanarungsimund

Aksornanong Tangthong

5th Medical students Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University

Page 2: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

“Breastfeeding is the healthiest way to feed the babies”

http://birthbootcamp.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/breastfeeding-photo.jpg

Page 3: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

What are the consequences of long-term formula feeding?

http://www.slate.com/blogs/expecting_better.html

Page 4: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Increase risk of respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal tract infections

http://khebert.blogspot.com/2011_09_01_archive.html

Page 5: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Malnutrition

http://www.trust.org/slideshow/?id=ad97eede-e596-4ddd-9a92-d266d4efa607

Page 6: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Never or less than 6-month breastfeeding increase risk of ALL, HL

http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancerinchildren/

Page 7: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate
Page 8: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Breastfeeding rates currently do not reflect this recommendation

Page 9: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Questions ???

Page 10: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Questions ???

• Who have an influence on decision making about infant feeding? • What are differences in Thai culture affecting infant feeding? • Why the mothers who have good knowledge in breastfeeding

didn’t succeed exclusive breastfeeding? • Previously maternal breastfeeding experience is important for

successfully exclusive breastfeeding, isn’t it? • Can the psychological stress reduce quantity of breast milk? • Medical staffs can support exclusively breastfeeding, can’t them?

Page 11: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Problems and barriers to exclusive breastfeeding in

the first 6 months postpartum

Page 12: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Design

• A grounded theory qualitative research

Page 13: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Methods • A total of 21 mothers were purposively selected from

– well-baby clinic

– pediatric clinic

– lactation clinic

at Naresuan University Hospital who came to the clinic between 14-24 January 2014

Page 14: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Methods • Data were collected through

– in-depth interviews

– non-participant observation

– field note taking

– analyzed by using content analysis

– data verification

Page 15: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Main findings

http://planning.croydon.gov.uk/DocOnline/69962_3.pdf

Page 16: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

1. Familial, social, and cultural influences

http://www.matichon.co.th/online/2013/06/13717214081371721629l.jpg

Page 17: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

2. Maternal barriers

http://board.postjung.com/data/694/694598-topic-ix-12.jpg

Page 18: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

3. Infant barriers

http://www.momypedia.com/file_manager/mmpd/wiki_0_1/59_3.jpg

Page 19: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

4. Medical staff barriers

http://www.munjeed.com/image_news/2013-05-16/image_165201380223.jpg

Page 20: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

http://www.matichon.co.th/online/2013/06/13717214081371721629l.jpg

1. Familial, social, and cultural influences

Page 21: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

• giving other food or drink other than breastfeeding – Family members' opinion have an influence on maternal

decision making about infant feeding.

–Many reasons to support their suggestion such as • Higher vitamin

• Rapid infant growth

• Previous child care experience

• More satiety

• Time for relaxation

1. Familial, social, and cultural influences

Page 22: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

• giving other food or drink other than breastfeeding – The relatives’ reasons for giving water to the infant such as

• Making cornea more transparent

(บทสัมภาษณ์: ช่วยท าใหน้ัยน์ตาใส)

• Preventing infant from jaundice

• Washing the babies’ mouth

• Breast milk cannot substitute of water

• Previous child care experience

1. Familial, social, and cultural influences

Page 23: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

• perceived benefits of feeding formula – The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as

• Inadequate milk supply

• Breast milk becomes low quality while infant gradually grows

• Expressed breast milk and method of their storage aren’t reliable, It becomes low quality.

• Infant formulas have higher nutrient

• Previous child care experience

1. Familial, social, and cultural influences

Page 24: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

• perceived benefits of feeding formula

“เค้า(ทวด)คิดว่านมผงอ่ะดีกว่าอยู่แล้ว นมเราแช่ตู้เย็นมันก็เสีย ท าให้เด็กท้องเสีย คิดว่ามันไม่มีประโยชน์ พี่เก็บสต๊อกไว้ เค้า(ทวด)ก็เอาทิ้งหมดเลย แม่สามีด้วยอะไรด้วย เอา(นมแม่ที่บีบเก็บ)ไปหมดเลย จนพี่ก็ต้องเอานม(แม่)ไปไว้บ้านแม่พี่ แล้วก็แอบเอามาให้กินด้วยคู่กับนมผสม”

มารดา 32 ปี บุตรคนที ่1 รบัราชการ/พนกังานรฐัวสิาหกจิ

1. Familial, social, and cultural influences

Page 25: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

http://board.postjung.com/data/694/694598-topic-ix-12.jpg

2. Maternal barriers

Page 26: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

2. Maternal barriers • Perception of inadequate milk supply

• Unable to maintain sufficient breast milk for 6 months

• Need to return to work

• Sore nipple

• Problems with latch

• Psychological stress

• Using certain medications during lactation

Page 27: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

2. Maternal barriers • Perception of inadequate milk supply and unable

to maintain sufficient breast milk for 6 months

“พี(่คนรู้จักของมารดา)ก็ไม่มีนมเหมือนกัน นี่ก็เลี้ยงนมกระป๋องมาตั้งแต่เกิดเหมือนกัน เนี่ยซน เรา(มารดา)ก็เบาใจไดร้ะดับนึงหน่ะ ว่ามัน(การเลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมผสม)ก็คงได้ในระดับนึง ไม่ถึงกับแย่หรอก”

มารดา 41 ปี บุตรคนที่ 1 นักธุรกิจ/เจ้าของกิจการ

Page 28: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

2. Maternal barriers • Mothers need to return to work and unable to

express breast milk for infant

“อาจจะด้วยสถานที่ด้วย เวลาด้วยมันไม่พร้อมตอนไปท างาน บางทีเราต้องไปแช่ตู้เย็น ที่ท างานเราอาจไม่มีตู้เย็นให้แช่ แล้วก็เกรงใจเจ้านายด้วย หัวหน้างานด้วยอะไรด้วย แล้วก็อาจจะต้องใช้นมขวดนั่นแหละ เพราะเราไม่มีเวลา”

มารดา 34 ปี บุตรคนที่ 2 แม่บ้าน

Page 29: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

2. Maternal barriers • Problems with latch of infant or maternal nipple

“เป็นคนที่มีหัวนมสั้น น้องก็จะดูดไม่ได้ น้องจะงับไม่ถึง ก็เริ่มถอดใจ ว่าลูกจะกินได้ไหม แต่พี่ก็พยายามบังคับเขาต้องดูด เขาก็ดูด แล้วพี่ก็มีปัญหาว่าหัวนมมันแตก แล้วทีนี้เจ็บพี่ก็เลยเลิกให้เขาดูดจากอกพ่ี”

มารดา 27 ปี บุตรคนที่ 2 รับราชการ/พนักงานรัฐวิสาหกิจ

Page 30: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

http://www.momypedia.com/file_manager/mmpd/wiki_0_1/59_3.jpg

3. Infant barriers

Page 31: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

• maternal concern of infant growth

• refusal to breastfeed

• jaundice from not-enough breastfeeding

3. Infant barriers

Page 32: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Maternal concern of infant growth

• compared infant’s weight or height with formula-fed infants

https://edc2.healthtap.com/ht-staging/user_answer/reference_image/2114/large/Height.jpeg?1386670392

Page 33: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

refusal to breastfeed

– inadequate milk supply of any causes solved by bottle-feeding with a pacifier, leading infant always need a pacifier.

http://www.bebelu.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/gty_pacifier_mi_130503_wblog.jpg

Page 34: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Jaundice from not-enough breastfeeding

• Suggestion from former belief

• Excessive concern can cause negative attitudes towards breastfeeding

http://www.newborn-baby-care.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Baby_Under_Phototherapy.jpg

Page 35: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

4. Medical staff barriers

http://www.munjeed.com/image_news/2013-05-16/image_165201380223.jpg

Page 36: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

4. Medical staff barriers • giving in-hospital formula supplementation

• incorrect and insufficient information about breastfeeding

Page 37: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

4. Medical staff barriers • giving in-hospital formula supplementation

– One mother concern was that giving in-hospital formula supplementation may cause failure in exclusive breastfeeding

• incorrect and insufficient information about breastfeeding – Some medical staffs suggest other food supplementation for infant

Page 38: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Conclusion and recommendations

• Parents, family members, and child care workers must perceive the risks of using an infant formula instead of breastfeeding.

• Medical staffs should support initiation and continuation of breastfeeding until the day of hospital discharge.

• The hospital guidelines for the use of supplementary feedings are needed to be revised.

Page 39: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Advisors

Daranee Sirichaisutdhikorn, M.D

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University

Page 40: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Advisors

Col. Tawesak Nopkesorn, M.D

Department of Community Medicine,

Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University

Page 41: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

Full paper Contact us: [email protected]

Page 42: การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล Data analysis•perceived benefits of feeding formula –The relatives’ reasons for giving infant formula such as •Inadequate

THANKS YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION