a310km m commerce assignment final
TRANSCRIPT
A310KM – M-Commerce Applications Azrie Aris Bin Hamza Aris (09063007)
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS)
IN
Business Information Technology
A310KM M-Commerce Applications
Development of an E-Commerce System and M-Commerce System for Warees Halal
Report I & II
STUDENT NAME : AZRIE ARIS BIN HAMZA ARISSTUDENT ID NUMBER : 09063007SUPERVISOR : MS. LAKSHMINO. OF WORDS : 4284
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Content Page
1. Industry Analysis...........................................................3
2. Infrastructure Analysis...................................................8
3. Model Analysis............................................................10
4. Product or Service & Customer Analysis....................12
5. Select a Model............................................................15
6. IT Strategy...................................................................18
7. Implementation Strategy & Comparison.....................18
8. Conclusion..................................................................27
9. References .................................................................28
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1. Industry Analysis
1.1 Introduction of the Halal MarketMuslim population in the world is growing and it is estimated to be 1.6
billion (Muslim Population Worldwide 2009). With this growth, 30% of the
world's population would be Muslims by 2025. As for halal products,
there are about 1.5 billion consumers. Presently, the two strongest
markets for products that are halal are the Middle East and Southeast
Asia (Riaz 1999).
As at 2008, the Halal Industry has reached 2.1 trillion. This is certainly
an important market to tap into (Riaz & Chaudry 2003).
The Halal industry, which includes Islamic finance, is approximately to
be worth between USD 200 billion to USD 500 billion annually, with an
annual growth rate forecasted to be around 12% to 15% for the next 10
years (Riaz & Chaudry 2003).
Many companies are gaining speed to market aggressively certified
halal products supplied throughout the world. The demand for Halal
products have increased very quickly because Halal products now
appeal to not only Muslim consumers but also non-Muslim consumers
(Riaz 1999)
Asia has the largest Muslim population but the population has fairly
small per capita incomes, and hence lower total food consumption than
other areas. For example, Pakistan, India and many other high
population countries in Asia have relatively low consumer incomes. But
despite this, this region has been one of the leaders in leveraging on the
Halal market which is growing (Riaz 1999).
South East Asian countries have also taken steps to tap into the global
Halal market. For example, the Singapore food industry has also taken
steps towards becoming a Halal hub, including an advertising campaign
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in the Middle East. Even Thailand has moved to become a recognized
Halal centre of excellence in science and testing.
Brunei is currently working together with firms from Australia to combine
their roles to ensure safe, high quality food production with halal
standards and Malaysia has also plans on becoming an international
Halal hub. The Malaysian government has taken a lot of measures to
support that objective by forming the Halal Development Corporation.
The Islamic Religious Council of Singapore or also known as Majils
Ugama Islam Singapura (Muis), is the main Islamic authority in charge of
all Muslim affairs in Singapore. Established as a statutory board when
the Administration of Muslim Law Act (AMLA) was passed in 1968, Muis
is given the powers to act as the main authority in the administration
and regulation of Halal certification in Singapore (Majlis Ugama Islam
Singapura 2010).
Up to 2009, Muis had certified more than 2,600 locations and has played
an important role of being the body in charge of Halal food assurance for
15% Muslim population in Singapore. Moreover, with more and more
Halal-certified eating companies, it has helped to improve social
interaction between individuals from various racial, cultural and religious
backgrounds (Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura 2010).
1.2 Warees Halal
The Halal certification in Singapore is globally recognised, It has also
generated strong interests from companies, both in Singapore and
overseas which are planning to embark on the MUIS’ Halal Certification
scheme. Warees Halal, one of the divisions of MUIS’ subsidiary Warees
Investments Pte Ltd. This division has been given the responsibility of
helping companies to attain certification (Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura
2009).
At the present moment, Warees Halal leverages on the existing Muis
eHalal System to manage all aspects of the Halal Certification Process.
Apart from this system, Muis has engaged a third-party vendor, Marshall
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Cavendish Business Information Pte Ltd, to manage its directory portal
The Singapore Halal Directory (Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura 2009).
Warees Halal is currently exploring new ways to improve and streamline
their work processes and expand their reach to the global halal market.
Thus they have engaged Warees IT, another division in Warees
Investments specializing in providing IT services to explore any
possibilities and solutions by leveraging on technology.
1.3 Current Business Model of the Halal Global Market
The current business model is the directory and business portal (Rappa
2005). The average online halal directory and business portal like the
Singapore Halal Directory acts as a mere introductory service. Once the
Buyers have identified products and suppliers of interest, both parties
will have to move offline and continue using emails, faxes and myriads
of spreadsheets that result in complexities, errors and added costs.
1.4 Technology Challenges
There are several challenges with regards to technology that need to be
overcome. Firstly, for instance looking at the case for Warees Halal,
communication management between Warees Halal Staff and their local
clients is not properly managed. This problem was also faced when they
are communicating with their marketing agent in China. At present, most
of the communication is done through email or phone and there is no
centralized location to capture information. Thus tracking can be quite
challenging as different staff have their own sets of excel spreadsheets
to keep track. This may result in duplication or errors in data capturing.
1.5 Emerging models for E-commerce business in the Halal MarketThe growth of Global Halal market has been stated to be depending on
the availability of E-marketplaces and online business directories
customized for Halal Businesses (Halal Industrial Development
Corporation 2010).
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In fact, the regional Muslim countries like Singapore, Brunei Darussalam
and Malaysia are quickly promoting the concept of Halal and this aims to
integrate the Halal producers and marketers. One example of such site
is the DagangHalal website from Malaysia (Halal Industrial Development
Corporation 2010).
Besides this site, some of the Halal Directories which are only search
directories are the Singapore Halal Directory and the Australian Halal
Food Directory (Halal Industrial Development Corporation 2010).
1.6 Halal Market Leaders for the adoption of E-commerce solutions
We have identified the following market leaders for the adoption of E-
commerce solutions
Zabihah.com
Zabihah.com is the one of the largest databases of Halal establishments
.It is based in the US and was created in 1999. Now, it has become an
important resource for Muslim communities worldwide.
DagangHalal.com
DagangHalal.com, based in Malaysia is one of the B2B e-marketplaces
featuring Halal products and services. It provides an online platform as
well as other business sourcing channels for our merchants to reach out
to a potential worldwide Muslim market
HalalBusinessDirectory.com
The Halal Business Directory website from United Kingdom provides a
free service to Halal Businesses. This enables the halal businesses to
publicise their online presence, and a free service to the public to help
locate local businesses. The Halal Business Directory also provides a
business listing with contact details, products and services, and a link to
selected businesses websites.
Halal Exchange
Halal Exchange is a UAE based project that had been started by Halal
Exchange Inc. and RAK Investment Authority It is another web-based
B2B enterprise solution for Halal companies and is founded in 2002.
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Currently, it is located in Vancouver with locations in San Francisco
Kuala Lumpur, Shanghai, and Dubai.
Australian Halal Food Directory
The Australian Halal Food Directory is Australia’s first comprehensive
Halal food and eating establishment guide. Their aim is to give Muslims
in Australia a comprehensive guide to look for Halal locations such as
restaurants, cafes and other eateries.
1.7 The Social, Organizational, Behavioral and Legal issues facing Warees Halal
Social Issues
First and foremost, it had been identified that Non-Muslim customers are
not familiar with the concept of halal and do not know how to go about to
have their products or services achieve halal certification. The solution
for this issue is to provide proper training on Halal and the necessary
processes and procedures to achieve halal certification.
Organizational Issues
For Warees Halal, in order for it to be successful, it needs to have a
team of specialists to effectively and efficiently deliver Halal solutions to
its customers. Being specialized does not mean that the team needs to
know everything about halal only but, it need to be comprised of people
with mixed knowledge and skills in the areas of religious background,
food and nutrition as well as business administration.
Behavioral Issues
As the halal business deals with halal certification, the company need to
be more sensitive towards the social /religious aspects of the business.
If it is not done so, it may have a major impact and repercussions due to
negligence and misinformation with regards to the handling of the halal
certification processes.
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Legal Issues
Like any company, Warees Halal needs to adhere to any laws with
regards to contract agreements between its customers. The company
also needs to understand the different legal systems of the different
countries they are doing business in.
2. Infrastructure Analysis
2.1 The current Information Technology Infrastructure of Warees Halal
Figure 1 – Current Warees Halal Network Diagram
Based on the diagram, we can see that the Warees Halal division is
connected to the internet via a broadband connection and is using the
existing Muis E-Halal System which is managed by the Muis IT
Department. Warees Halal Staff do not have access to all the
information and have only normal user rights which is to view just the
existing customers . This restricts Warees Halal from performing well in
their daily work as they are not able to generate daily and management
reports for monitoring and controlling purposes. Warees IT is also
unable to manage any downtime of the Muis E-Halal System which may
result in loss of productivity.
2.2 Technology needed additionally in the B2B, mobile and collaborative commerce environments
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Warees IT have identified that following technologies are needed to
enable B2B, mobile and collaborative commerce environments:-
A Web server running the B2B Web Application
The web server could be Microsoft IIS or Apache Server running in-
house at the company’s premises or hosted by an e-commerce service
provider
LAN Network with wired connectivity
The computers within the division need to be interconnected between
one another as well as to the Internet to allow connectivity outside of
the company. This can only be enabled through network
technologies such as broadband, leased line or fibre broadband.
These services can be provided by local Singapore
telecommunication service providers such as Singtel, M1 and
Starhub.
Mobile Devices connectivity such as Smartphones or Laptops
with 3G connectivity provided by the local service providers
In order to allow mobile commerce, the users may use mobile
devices such as laptops and smartphones to connect to the
proposed system wirelessly through 3G connectivity. Examples of
mobile devices from popular manufacturers are Lenovo Thinkpads
with built-in 3G Sim card slots, Apple iPhones, HTC Android phones,
Windows Mobile smartphones from Samsung and most recently,
Apple’s tablet solution the iPad
2.3 Infrastructures used in deploying the Halal E-Commerce Solutions
Client-Server Model
The client–server model of computing is a distributed application
structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers of a
resource or service, called servers, and service requesters, called
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clients. There will at most times, be clients and servers communicating
over the network on different hardwares, but both the clients and
servers may be located in the same system. A server is a host that is
running one or more server programs which share their resources with
clients. A client does not share any of its resources, but requests a
server's content or service function. Clients therefore initiate
communication sessions with servers which await incoming requests
(Reese 2000).
Cloud Computing
Warees IT is also exploring new technologies and one of them is cloud
computing. Cloud computing, is one of the most important rising
developments in Information technology. With Cloud computing,
computer resources, storage resources and applications can now reside
on the Web and be accessed all day around \through a web browser. In
a climate where IT organizations are cutting cost, cloud computing can
also provide a very quick time to value for IT organizations which spend
a unequal percentage of money and time to buy software and hardware
to perform daily IT tasks, that includes custom application development
2.4 Common business models usedE-marketplace is an electronic exchange marketplace where companies
register as sellers or buyers to be in contact and carry out business in
the Internet.
One of the main functions of the Halal E-marketplace is to lower the cost
of collecting information such as the purchase price and to improve
trading efficiency (Halal Industrial Development Corporation 2010).
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2.5 Additional Business models Another additional business model we can look at is the Wireless
Business 2 Business Model. Wireless B2B is the equivalent of E-
commerce B2B in terms of mobility. It is also not as large or as profitable
as the wireless B2C however, wireless B2B allows companies to
achieve savings in procurement, inter-organization transactions, data
interchange, and various collaborative business ventures. For example,
the main use of mobile technology is to co-ordinate mobile sales work
forces and provide them with up-to-the-minute data. (Elliot & Phillips,
2003)
2.6 Examples of different firms collaborating in an e-commerce model Here are two examples of firms collaborating in an e-commerce model
They are Dell and Starbucks.
Dell
Dell is one of the leading IT systems and services company globally.
They wanted a CRM solution that will allow its global sales teams to
collaborate internationally.
The company relied on many opportunities in each region and they also
wanted a easy-to-use and scalable solution that was consistent. The IT
team at Dell was looking at creating a centralized solution but that found
out that it was too expensive..
In conclusion, Dell selected Salesforce CRM because it is easy to use
more flexible, and it allows worldwide deployment. The company
implemented Salesforce CRM to a total of 4,000 staff in only 3 months
in the United States and now it has 15,000 staff using the system
worldwide in just 1 and a half years.
Starbucks
Starbucks is a world-famous coffee cafe company and they wanted to
create a system that will allow the company to collaborate with
customers and employees worldwide in a way that allows continuous
growth (Paramarketing 2010).
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With that the company launched My Starbucks Idea built
salesforce.com’s functionality in 6 weeks (Paramarketing 2010).
More than 92,000 total ideas submitted on My Starbucks Idea, more
than 760,000 total votes received, and more than 150,000 comments
posted. As a result, more than 90 ideas implemented from the feedbacks
generated from the system (Paramarketing 2010).
3. Product or Service & Customer Analysis
3.1 Services Provided by Warees Halal The services that are provided by Warees Halal can be divided into 2
programmes.
Firstly, it provides a halal certification programme for companies
outside of Singapore and internationally. Secondly it provides a Halal
consultation programme for Singapore companies (Majlis Ugama Islam
Singapura 2009).
The Warees Halal team, under its international programme, will take
overseas companies through the process. and they can only use the
Singapore Muis Halal Mark only if they are certified (Majlis Ugama
Islam Singapura 2009).
Services provided include an international marketing support for global
exports, a wide international network for global export opportunities;
and a 24-hour hotline for technical support issues (Majlis Ugama Islam
Singapura 2009).
The second programme involves Halal facilitation work that is targeted
at Singapore- based companies Services provided by Warees Halal
are as follows:-
Development of the necessary documentations for the halal
certification
Implementation of the halal system at the company’s location
Submission of the online application to the Muis’ e-Halal System
Provision of the specialised halal training sessions.
Sourcing for Halal ingredients
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Conducting of certification audits to gauge the levels of Halal
compliance.
Provision of a 24-hour Hotline number for technical issues (Majlis
Ugama Islam Singapura 2009).
3.2 Warees Halal’s CustomersWarees Halal’s customers comprises of 3 areas . Firstly, they are the
overseas customers which are mainly customers in China which had
close links with their local companies in Singapore. Secondly, are the
customers who had engaged Warees Halal’s consultation services to
obtain halal certification. Thirdly, are customers who had only attended
training for Halal.
3.3 The difference between Warees Halal different and its competitorsThe differentiation factor that Warees Halal has over its competitors is
that Warees Halal has strong links with Muis and this creates a mental
perception that the consultation programme Apart from this, Warees
Halal is the only training provider for Halal training in Singapore
3.4 Who are Warees Halal’s primary customers? Warees Halal’s primary customers are the local-based customers in
Singapore for instance, Resort World Singapore as well as companies
based in China which has subsidiaries based in Singapore.
3.5 Customers’ perceptions of Warees HalalBased on testimonials from customers of Warees Halal, for instance
Terry Deng a manager in Mongolia Mengniu Milk Industry Co.,Ltd in
Chine, had commended that the Warees Halal staff had demonstrated a
high degree of credibility and professionalism while conducting in-house
trainings in China and were able to provide a good understanding on the
concepts, processes and requirements of Muis’ Halal certification to the
management team The consultation programmes were said to be
comprehensive and the whole process took only less than four weeks.
They were also able to source for Halal ingredients in the shortest period
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of time and the marketing plan that Warees Halal provided to Mongolia
Mengniu allowed the company to reach out to Muslim clients effectively
(Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura 2009).
M-commerce ApplicationsReport II
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4. Business Model
4.1 Business Model for Warees Halal
Based on the earlier analysis that we have done on Warees Halal,
Warees IT have decided to propose for a wired B2B and a wireless B2B
model using a Cloud solution. Taking into consideration that at present,
Warees Halal do not have an existing web application and there is no
current internet application infrastructure, Warees IT have decided to
propose 2 solutions to be implemented:
Solution 1: To implement a web application
This application is a Customer Relationship Management System wil be
managing Warees Halal’s interactions with customers, current and new.
It will also assist Warees Halal to automate business processes—
mainly sales activities, and also for customer service, marketing and
technical support.
Solution 2 : To implement a mobile application for mobile teams
This can be achieved by using the SalesForce mobile application to
allow the sales team and technical team to perform their duties such as
sales activities and technical activities.
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Figure 1 Diagram of the new proposed setup for Warees E-Halal System
4.2 Description of the new proposed setup
As you can see from the diagram, using the Force.com platform, Users
in Singapore would be able to access the web based e-commerce
system from their desktop PCs or laptops in the main office while the
mobile team which consists of halal inspection officers and ritual
cleansing officers may be able to access the system from their mobile
devices on-site while they are attending to the customers.
4.3 Justifications for choosing this modelBased on the studies of the different types of business models that had
been used by the other competitors of Warees Halal, we have
discovered that it was not feasible to have the global halal e-marketplace
model due to the small geographic location in Singapore. Apart from
this, Warees Halal is also made up of a small team and to manage this
infrastructure will require technical expertise which is not present unless
they employ a software development team or outsource this function
which could be very costly. What Warees Halal need to do is to focus on
their existing customers in Singapore and have better communication
with them. The approach by the competitors was to “cast an open net”
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and expect customers to sign up with them which is very risky for
Warees Halal as the staff strength in the company is small and they are
not able to compete directly with the big guns. Warees Halal also do not
not have the financial muscle to start a major software project The
business strategy that Warees Halal will be is similar to the guerilla
warfare strategy whereby they are only focusing only on a small market
instead of going for the big kill.
Force.com Platform
Force.com is a cloud computing platform from a software company
called Salesforce, It is the first to allow developers to build applications
for multiple customers that are hosted on Salesforce’s servers and is
provided as a service.
4.4 Benefits of using Force.com
The following are the benefits of having this solution :-
Reduced cost in implementation as it is using the Force.com platform.
there will be no hardware or software that needs to be installed at the
company premises.
Reduced annual downtime as the server is located off-site and
managed by the system administrators at Force.com.
Better management and allow better communication among Warees
Halal Staff, locally as well as globally as well as between Warees Halal
Staff and their customers
(THINKStrategies 2007).
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5. IT Strategy
5.1 Budget Needed for E-Commerce / M-Commerce Implementation
Based on the Saleforce pricing plan, Warees Halal initially can go for the
Force.com Free Plan first which is free as the company has less than
100 users. Thus, no cost is involved because at present all staff has
mobile devices that support the Salesforce mobile application.
5.2 Cost to expand from e-commerce to m-commerce businessUsing the Force.Com platform, it allows the Warees Halal users to
connect via mobile access without implementing another new m-
commerce system. This saves a lot as we have to take into
considerations the development costs required. Thus it is affordable to
expand from e-commerce to m-commerce. On top of that, the company
can leverage on the fact that the current local staff are presently using
their personal smartphones for work and it comes with 3G connectivity.
5.3 Time required to implement the infrastructure (model) of e-commerce to m-commerceThe time required to implement the m-commerce inrastructure will take a
few days only as there are altogether 6 staff in Warees Halal and
installation of the SalesForce Mobile application is quick and easy.
6. Implementation Strategy & Comparison
6.1 Implementation Strategy for Warees E-Halal System The Warees E-Halal System will be fully implemented in 4 phases. This
is a high level level Work Breakdown Structure and here are the
phases:-
Phase 1: Project Planning
1.1 Produce Project Plan
1.2 Review Project Plan
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1.3 Produce Project Quality Plan
1.4 Review Quality Plan
1.5 Set up Project Filing System
1.6 Management and Administration
Phase 2: Analysis
2.1 Interview Users
2.2 Review Existing Documentation
2.3 Analyze Requirements
2.4 Produce Requirements specification
2.5 Review Requirements specification
2.6 Produce Functional specification
2.7 Review Functional specification
2.8 Management and Administration
Phase 3: Design
3.1 Produce System Design
3.2 Design User Interface
3.3 Design Communications Interfaces
3.4 Software design
3.5 Produce design specification
3.6 Review design specification
3.7 Management and Administration
Phase 4: Implementation
4.1 Code & unit test
4.2 Integration
4.3 System Test
4.4 Produce system documentation
4.5 Train Users
4.6 Acceptance Test
4.7 Web/Mobile Software Installation
4.8 Management and Administration
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6.2 Differences between Warees E-Halal’s new plan and old planThe difference between the new plan and the old plan is that Warees
Halal will no longer be accessing the Muis E-Halal System and also the
China Marketing Agent would be able to have access to the system from
their country.
6.3 Challenges in the new model
Warees IT foresee 2 types of challenges that will be faced when this
new system is implemented.
Technical Challenges
The Warees IT Team is still not familiar with the programming language
used in Force.com (APEX) and will require additional training.
Staff Challenges
The staff will not be familiar with the new system. They might also be
resistant to the change in work processes
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6.4 New Interface of Warees E-Halal System
6.5 Analysis of the Web-based User InterfaceAs you can see from the interface above, the system consists of a menu
which has sections labeled Warees Halal Accounts, Contacts, Reports,
Dashboards and Documents.
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Figure 2: Staff Login Page to access the Warees E-Halal System
Firstly the user will be able to access the system through Force.com website
from any web browser.
The user will need to enter his or her User Name which is
[email protected] which is the same as their Warees Email Account.
Password will be assigned by the systems administrator
Once the user details are keyed in correctly, They will be able to access the
main screen as shown earlier
System Demo
To see a demo of the system, please access the site
Please use the following Username and Password
Username: [email protected]
Password: auston123
Please send email to [email protected] for assistance if you face any
technical issues or in Singapore, please contact Azrie Aris at 9800 6889
directly. Note that a copy of the application is not found in the CD as it is a live
web based application.
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Warees Halal Accounts Page
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Mobile Application User Interface
User Password Login
Warees Halal Accounts Main Page
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Screenshot of one Halal Account
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7. Conclusion
With the great need to be more competitive in the halal industry, Warees
Halal will surely benefit from the implementation of this system as it will
surely streamline the work processes within the division itself. Moreover
companies are currently looking at cost cutting especially in the area of
information technology and by implementing a solution based on
Force.com; Warees Investments will be able to reduce in spending too
much on hardware and software purchases.
By implementing a web based Customer Relationship System, Warees
Halal will improve customer service with its clients be it locally or
internationally. Apart from this, using the Force.com platform,
implementing a m-commerce solution is also quicker and easier as the
solution comes with a mobile application for different smartphones in the
market. This will then allow Warees Halal to expand its reach to the rest of
the world and bring greater success to the company.
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8. References
Andrew,Blackburn And Sirkin, 2002, The B2B Opportunity, The Boston
Consulting Group
Elliot and Phillips, 2003, Mobile Commerce and Wireless Computing Systems,
Addison and Wesley
Halal Industrial Development Corporation, 2010, The Emerging of Global
Halal Space and the Halal E-Marketplace,[Online] available from
<http://www.daganghalal.com/HalalInfo/HalalArticlesDtl.aspx?id=298> [20
July 2010]
Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura, 2009, Singapore Halal Directory 2010 4th
Edition, Marshall Cavendish Business Information, p 24-25
Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura, 2010, Halal Certifications [Online] available
from <http://www.muis.gov.sg/cms/services/hal.aspx?id=1714> [18 July 2010]
Muslim Population Worldwide, 2009 [Online] available
from<http://www.islamicpopulation.com> [15 July 2010]
Paramarketing, 2010, Starbucks Enhances Conversations with Customers in
the Cloud, [Online] available from < http://www.paramarketing.com/cloud-
computing-case-studies/?Tag=Starbucks> [21 July 2010]
Riaz and Chaudry, 2003, Halal Food Production , CRC Press,
Riaz, M.N. 1999, Halal food processing and marketing , in 10th World
Congress of Food Science and Technology, Book of Abstracts, Australian
Institute of Food Science and Technology, Sydney, p. 44.
Rappa, M. 2005, Managing the Digital Enterprise, North Carolina State
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