a.2 hormone introduction
DESCRIPTION
IB MYP BiologyTRANSCRIPT
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HORMONES
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What do you know about hormones?
• With your table, brainstorm what you know about
hormones and any words that you associate with the word
hormone.
You have 5 minutes.
GO!
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I DIDN’T KNOW THAT!
QUIZ
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This true/false quiz is to see what you know about
hormones.
It is not for marks.
On your half piece of paper, list the numbers 1-18.
Write T for True or F for False.
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1. Hormones can make you grow to be
nine feet tall.
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1. Hormones can make you grow to be
nine feet tall.
• True. This condition is called gigantism, which is caused by an over production of growth hormone,
Robert Wadlow,
the tallest man
known to have
lived (2.72
metres or 8 feet
11 inches) with
his father, Harold
Wadlow (1.82
metres or 6 feet
0 inches)
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2. Hormones can affect your ability to
taste salty foods.
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2. Hormones can affect your ability to
taste salty foods.
• False
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3. Hormones can make you very sensitive
to high-pitched sounds
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3. Hormones can make you very sensitive
to high-pitched sounds
• False
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4. Hormones cause a young man to begin
to grow facial hair.
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4. Hormones cause a young man to begin
to grow facial hair.
• True. This is caused by testosterone, a type of sex
hormone.
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5. Hormones can help fight stress.
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5. Hormones can help fight stress.
• True. There are many hormones involved,
such as cortisol and ephinephrine (also
known as adrenaline).
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6. Hormones determine what color eyes
you have.
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6. Hormones determine what color eyes
you have.
• False
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7. Hormones can cause you to be allergic
to milk.
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7. Hormones can cause you to be allergic
to milk.
• False
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8. Hormones can make your heart beat
faster when you are scared.
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8. Hormones can make your heart beat
faster when you are scared.
• True. The release of epinephrine can trigger the fight or
flight response so you can respond appropriately to
danger.
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9. Hormones can soothe you.
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9. Hormones can soothe you.
• True. Oxytocin (which we talked about at the beginning of
the year) is very important for this type of response.
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10. Hormones can cause your hands to
tremble when you are nervous.
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10. Hormones can cause your hands to
tremble when you are nervous.
• True. This reaction is part of the fight or flight response
mentioned earlier.
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11. Hormones affect how much energy
you have.
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11. Hormones affect how much energy
you have.
• True. Hormones such as thyroid
hormone which helps regulate
metabolism.
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12. Hormones affect how fast or slow you
read.
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12. Hormones affect how fast or slow you
read.
• False
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13. Hormones tell your body how fast it
should grow.
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13. Hormones tell your body how fast it
should grow.
• True, such as growth hormone as well as sex hormones.
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14. Hormones give you the strength and
energy to fight or run when in a
dangerous situation.
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14. Hormones give you the strength and
energy to fight or run when in a
dangerous situation.
• True. This is part of the fight or flight response.
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15. Hormones cause your body shape to
change, especially in teenagers.
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15. Hormones cause your body shape to
change, especially in teenagers..
• True, by sex hormones, such as testosterone in males,
and estrogen in females.
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16. Hormones can make twins become
triplets before they are born.
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16. Hormones can make twins become
triplets before they are born.
• False
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17. Hormones tell your body how to
swallow.
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17. Hormones tell your body how to
swallow.
• False
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18. Hormones help control when you
sleep and when you wake.
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18. Hormones help control when you
sleep and when you wake.
• True. This is done by hormones
called melatonin, secreted by a
gland in your brain in response
to changes in light.
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Objective
• A. describe the principles of hormonal coordination and
control by the endocrine system
• What happens to the body system when sugar is not
properly controlled?
Guiding Question
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WHAT ARE HORMONES?
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• Hormones are your body's chemical messengers.
• They travel in your bloodstream to tissues or organs.
• They work slowly, over time, and affect many different
processes, including
• Growth and development
• Metabolism - how your body gets energy from the foods you eat
• Sexual function
• Reproduction
• Mood
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• Endocrine glands
make hormones.
• The major glands are
the pituitary, pineal,
thymus, thyroid,
adrenal glands, and
pancreas.
• In addition, men
produce hormones
in their testes and
women produce
them in their
ovaries.
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Hormones are Powerful
• It takes only a tiny amount to
cause big changes in cells or
even your whole body.
• Insulin is a hormone released
after you eat a meal.
• If you take insulin because you
have diabetes, too much insulin
can cause your blood sugar to
crash, and you can become very
sick.
• That is why too much or too
little of a certain hormone can
be serious.
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Hormones are Powerful
• If you need to take hormones for medical reasons,
laboratory tests can measure the hormone levels in your
blood, urine, or saliva.
• It is also why hormone replacements are highly controlled
by your physician.
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Types of Hormones
Peptide Hormones
(protein-based)
• Prolactin (produces milk)
• Oxytocin (bonding and
mood)
• Growth hormone (bones,
muscle and liver)
• Insulin & glucagon (sugar
control)
• Leptin (fat production)
Steroid Hormones
(often cholesterol-based)
• Testosterone & estrogen
(sex hormones)
• Cortisol (stress response)
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HOW HORMONES WORK
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Insulin
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Insulin – Type I Diabetes
• This is a genetic disease where the body’s immune
system destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas,
resulting in little to no insulin being produced.
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Insulin – Type II Diabetes
• Insulin is produced, however, due to insulin resistance,
cells cannot take up glucose. This can be dietary or
genetic in cause.
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Guiding Question Recap
• What happens to the body system when sugar is not
properly controlled?
What do you know?