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7/31/2019 A1 Course Outline

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Constitutional Law 1 - Course Syllabus1st Semester, School Year 2008-2009 POLITICAL LAW Defined

- People v. Perfecto, 43 Phil. 887- Macariola v. Asuncion, 114 SCRA 77

THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

Nature of the ConstitutionDefinition;Classification;Qualities and essential parts of a good written

Constitution Ratification / Political vs. Justiciable Question

- Javellana v. Executive Secretary, 50 SCRA 33 Constitutional Construction

- Perfecto v. Meer, 85 Phil. 552- Endencia v. David, 93 Phil. 696

- Nitafan v. Commisioner of Internal Revenue, 152SCRA 284 Self-executing provisions

- Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, GR 122156, Feb. 3,1997 Constitutional History Pre-1935 Constitution

Schurman Commission; Taft Commission; Spooner Amendment; Philippine Bill of 1902

Jones Law of 1916; Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934

1935 Constitution

Declaration of Martial Law- Aquino v. Enrile, 59 SCRA 183

1973 Constitution

- Javellana v. Executive Secretary, 50 SCRA 33

1986 Snap Presidential Election- Philippine Bar Association. v. Comelec, 140

SCRA 455

People Power Revolt

Proclamation No. 1, Feb. 25, 1986Proc. No. 3, Mar. 25, 1986

- Lawyers League v. Aquino, GR 73748, May22, 1986

- In re: Bermudez, 145 SCRA 160Freedom Constitution

1987 Constitution

- In re: Letter of Reynato Puno, June 29, 1992, 210SCRA

Effectivity of the 1987 Constitution- De Leon v. Esguerra, 153 SCRA 602

AMENDMENT PROCESSAmendment vs. RevisionProcedure

1. Proposala. By Congressb. By a Constitutional Convention

Theories on Position of ConstitutionalConvention

c. By the People thru InitiativeRA 6735

- Defensor-Santiago v. Comelec,GR 127325, March 19, 1997

2. RatificationDoctrine of Proper Submission

- Tolentino v. Comelec, 41 SCRA 702

Judicial Review of Amendments- Javellana v. Executive Secretary, 50 SCRA 30- Sanidad v. Comelec, 73 SCRA 333

- - - - - - - -

POWER OF JUDICIAL REVIEW- Marbury v. Madison, 5 US 137, 2 L.Ed. 60- Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona, GR 134577, Nov.

18, 1998- Francisco v. House of Representatives, GR

160261, Nov. 10, 2003

Judicial Supremacy vs. Constitutional Supremacy

Political vs. Justiciable Question- Baker v. Carr, 396 US 186- Nixon v. US, 506 US 224- Goldwater v. Carter, 444 US 996, 62 L.Ed.2d

428- Sanidad v. Comelec, 73 SCRA 333- Estrada v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 146738, March 2,

2001- Brillantes v. Concepcion, GR 163193, June

15, 2004

Presumption of Constitutionality- Lim v. Pacquing, GR 115044, Jan. 27, 1995

Requisites of Judicial Review: 1. Actual Case or Controversy

- Board of Optometry v. Colet, GR 122241, July 30,1996

- Mariano v. Comelec, 242 SCRA 211

- Fernandez v. Torres, 215 SCRA 489- La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR Secretary,

GR 127882, Jan. 27, 2004

Ripeness- City of Los Angeles v. Lyons, 461 US 95, 75

L.Ed.2d 675

Mootness- David v. Macapagal-Arroyo (PP1017), GR

171396, May 3, 2006- La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR

Secretary, GR 127882, Dec. 1, 2004

- DeFunis v. Odegaard, 416 US 312, 40L.Ed.2d 164- - - - - - - -2. Proper Party

Conventional Standing



- Warth v. Seldin, 422 US 490, 45 L.Ed.2d. 343

Representative Standing

Jus Tertii standing- Craig v. Boren, 429 US 190, 50 L.Ed.2d. 397

Transcendental importance to the public

- Tatad v. Garcia, 243 SCRA 436

- Kilosbayan v. Guingona, 232 SCRA 110- Kilosbayan v. Morato, 246 SCRA 540- Kilosbayan v. Morato (Recon.), GR 118910,

Nov. 16, 1995

Standing of members of Congress- Philconsa v. Enriquez, 235 SCRA 506- Bagatsing v. Committee on Privatization, GR

112399, July 14, 1995

Standing of Integrated Bar of the Philippines- IBP v. Zamora, G.R. No. 141284, August 15,

2000

Standing of the Government to question its own

laws- People v. Vera, 65 Phil. 56

Taxpayer’s Suits

- Bayan v. Zamora, G.R. No. 138570, October 10, 2000

- Gonzales v. Narvasa, G.R. No. 140835, August 14, 2000 3. Question must be raised at the earliest possibleopportunity

4. Constitutional question must the very "lis mota"of the case

Doctrine of Purposeful Hesitation- Drilon v. Lim, GR 112497, Aug. 4, 1994

Functions of Judicial Review

Effects of Declaration of Unconstitutionality

Doctrine of Operative Fact- Republic v. CA, GR 79732, Nov. 8, 1993

CONCEPT OF STATE 1. People

CitizenshipDistinguished from nationalityModes of Acquiring citizenshipCitizens of the Philippines

- Moy Ya Lim Yao v. Commissioner of Immigration, 41 SCRA 292

- Djumantan v. Domingo, Jan. 30, 1995Election of Philippine citizenship

- In re: Vicente Ching, Bar Matter No. 914,October 1, 1999

Doctrine of implied election- Co v. HRET, G.R. No. 92191-92, July 30,

1991

Natural-born citizens- Bengson v. HRET, G.R. No. 142840, May 7,

2001- Tecson v. Comelec, G.R. No. 161434, March

3, 2004Dual citizenship & dual allegiance

- Mercado v. Manzano, GR 135083, May 26,1999

Res judicata in citizenship cases

Doctrine of Indelible Allegiance Naturalization

- Republic v. De la Rosa, 232 SCRA 785

Loss of citizenship- By naturalization in a foreign country

- Frivaldo v. Comelec, 174 SCRA 245- Labo v. Comelec, 176 SCRA 1

- By express renunciation or expatriation- Yu v. Defensor-Santiago, 169 SCRA 364

Reacquisition of citizenship, RA 8171

Retroactivity of Repatriation- Frivaldo v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 727, June

28, 1996

Suffrage- Akbayan Youth v. Comelec, G.R. No. 147066,

March 26, 2001- Makalintal v. Comelec, GR 157013, July 10,

2003 2. Territory Philippine Archipelago; Archipelago Doctrine; UNConvention on the Law of the Sea

3. Government

FunctionsConstituent vs. MinistrantLaissez-faire vs. Welfare State

Doctrine of Parens Patriae- Gov't. of Phil. Islands v. Monte de Piedad, 35

Phil. 728- Cabanas v. Pilapil, 58 SCRA 94

Classification- De Jure- De Facto- Lawyers League v. Aquino, GR 73748, May

22, 1986 4. Sovereignty

Effects of Change in sovereignty- People v. Perfecto, 43 Phil. 887- Macariola v. Asuncion, 114 SCRA 77

Effects of Belligerent Occupation

Doctrine of Jus PostliminiumDominium vs. ImperiumDerogation of Philippine Sovereignty; The Visiting

Forces Agreement- Bayan v. Zamora, G.R. No. 138570, October

10, 2000

DOCTRINE OF STATE IMMUNITYBasis



- U.S.A. vs. Reyes, March 1, 1993

Immunity of Foreign States & DiplomatsPrinciple of par in parem non habet imperiumProcess of Suggestion

- The Holy See v. RTC, GR 101949, Dec. 1,1994Determination of Immunity by the Department of Foreign Affairs

- Liang v. People, G.R. No. 125865, January 28,2000

Immunity of International Organizations and Agencies

- SEAFDEC v. NLRC, 241 SCRA 580- Callado v. IRRI, 244 SCRA 210- DFA v. NLRC, Sept. 18, 1996

Immunity of Government Agencies

IncorporatedMunicipal Corporations

- Municipality of San Fernando v. Judge

Firme, 195 SCRA 692Unincorporated

If principal function is governmental- Farolan v. CTA 217 SCRA 298

If proprietary suable

Suits against Public Officers- City of Angeles v. CA, Aug. 28,1996- Veterans Manpower v. CA, 214 SCRA 286- Wylie v. Rarang, 209 SCRA 357

Consent to be sued

Express Consent

- Republic v. Feliciano, 148 SCRA 424General Law

- CA 327; PD 1445; Art. 2180; Act No.3038

Special Law- Meritt v. Gov't. of the Phil. Islands, 34

Phil. 311Implied Consent

When State commences litigation- Froilan v. Pan Oriental Shipping, Sept.

30, 1954When State enters into a business contract

- USA v. Ruiz, 136 SCRA 487

Suability not outright liability

- Meritt v. Gov't. of the Phil. Islands, 34 Phil.311

- Fontanilla v. Maliaman, 194 SCRA 486

Consent to be sued does not include consent toexecution

- Republic v. Villasor, 54 SCRA 84- Municipality of San Miguel v. Fernandez,

130 SCRA 56- Municipality of Makati v. CA, 190 SCRA

206

Immunity cannot be used to perpetrate an

injustice on a citizen- Ministerio v. CFI of Cebu, 40 SCRA 464

PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIESPreamble

RepublicanismManifestations

1. Nemo est supra leges- Villavicencio v. Lukban, 39 Phil. 778

2. Rule of majority

3. Accountability of Public Officials4. Bill of Rights5. Legislature cannot pass irrepealable laws

6. Separation of Powers

Principle of Blending of PowersPrinciple of Checks and Balances

- The Steel Seizure case, 343 US579, 96 L.Ed. 1153

- Bowsher v. Synar, 478 US 714- Senate v. Ermita (E.O.464), G.R.

No. 169777

7. Non-delegation of powers- Phil. Interisland Shipping Ass'n. v.

CA, GR 100481, Jan. 22, 1997Potestas delegata non delegare potest

Permissible Delegation

a. Tariff Powers to the Presidentb. Emergency Powers to the

President- First Emergency Powers

cases, 84 Phil. 368- Second Emergency Powers

cases, 92 Phil. 603

c. Delegation to the Peopled. Delegation to Local Government

Unitse. Delegation to the Administrative

BodiesPower of Subordinate Legislation

- Miners Association v.Factoran, GR 98332, Jan. 16, 1995

Principle of Subdelegation of Powers

Doctrine of Qualified Political Agency

Tests for valid delegationa. Completeness Testb. Sufficient Standard Test

- Ynot v. IAC, 148 SCRA 659- De la Llana v. Alba, 112 SCRA

294Legislative standard need not be

expressed- Hirabashi v. United States,

320 US 99- Chiongbian v. Orbos, 245

SCRA 2538. State Immunity (supra)

9. Election through popular will

Act of StateIncorporation ClauseConflict between municipal law and international law



- Ichong v. Hernandez, 101 Phil. 115Civilian Supremacy

- IBP v. Zamora, G.R. No. 141284, August 15,2000

Government to serve and protect the peoplePeople to defend the StateSeparation of Church and StateIndependent Foreign PolicyNuclear Free Philippines

Just and dynamic social order Social Justice

- Calalang v. Williams, 70 Phil. 726Respect for human dignity and human rightsFundamental Equality of men and women

Promotion of health and ecology

- Oposa v. Factoran, GR 1010183, July 30,1993

Priority to education, science and technologyProtection to labor Land Reform

- Ass'n. of Small Land Owners v. Sec. of Agrarian Reform, 175 SCRA 343

Regalian Doctrine- Republic v. CA, CCP Intervenor, GR 103882,

Nov. 25, 1998- Cruz v. DENR Secretary, G.R. No. 135385,

December 6, 2000- La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR

Secretary, GR 127882, Jan. 27, 2004

Inalienable Lands of the Public Domain- Chavez v. PEA & AMARI, GR 133250, Nov.

11, 2003

Independent People's organizations

Family and Youth- Meyer v. Nebraska, 263 US 393- Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 US 510- Wisconsin v. Yoder, 40 LW 4476- Cabanas v. Pilapil, 58 SCRA 94

Self-reliant and independent national economy

- Tañada v. Angara (GATT case), GR 118295,May 2, 1997

Communication and information in nation-building

Autonomy of Local Governments

Decentralization of Administration vs.decentralization of Power

- Limbonas v. Mangelin, 170 SCRA 786- Basco v. PAGCOR, 197 SCRA 52

Autonomous Region

- Disomangcop v. DPWH Secretary, GR149848, November 25, 2004

Indigenous Cultural Communities- Cruz v. DENR Secretary, G.R. No. 135385,

December 6, 2000

Honest public service and full public disclosure

LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENTLegislative power

Initiative, referendum and Recall- Defensor-Santiago v. Comelec, GR

127325, March 19, 1997Indirect Initiative

- SBMA v. Comelec, Sept. 26, 1996

Recall- Garcia v. Comelec, Oct. 5, 1993Loss of confidence, a political question

- Evardone v. Comelec, 204 SCRA 464,472

Bicameralism vs. Unicameralism

Senate (Composition; Qualifications; Term of office)

House of RepresentativesComposition (District Representatives; Party-list

Representatives)

Party-list Representatives

- Veterans Federation Party v. Comelec,G.R. No. 136781, October 6, 2000

- Ang Bagong Bayani-OFW Labor Party v.Comelec, G.R. No. 147589, June 26, 2001

Apportionment of Legislative Districts- Baker v. Carr, 369 US 186- Mariano v. Comelec, 242 SCRA 211- Montejo v. Comelec, GR 118702, Mar. 19,

1995Gerrymandering

Doctrine of Equal Representation

Qualifications- Marcos v. Comelec, 248 SCRA 300- Aquino v. Comelec, Sept. 18, 1995Theory of legal impossibility

Natural-born

- Bengson v. HRET, G.R. No. 142840,May 7, 2001

Term of office

PrivilegesFreedom from ArrestParliamentary Immunity

- Eastland v. US Servicemen's Fund,421 US 491

- Hutchinson v. Proxmire, 443 US 111- Jimenez v. Cabangbang, 17 SCRA

714

Disqualifications and InhibitionsEffect of Imprisonment

- People v. Jalosjos, G.R. Nos. 132875-76, February 3, 2000

Sessions; Adjournment; Officers- Santiago v. Guingona, G.R. No. 147589,

June 26, 2001



Quorum- Avelino v. Cuenco, 83 Phil. 17

Rules of Proceedings

- Arroyo v. De Venecia (Sin-taxes case),GR 127255, Aug. 14, 1997

Discipline of membersSuspension vs. Preventive Suspension

- Santiago v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No.128055. April 18, 2001

Enrolled Bill Theory- Mabanag v. Lopez Vito, 78 Phil. 1- Casco Chemical v. Gimenez, 7 SCRA 347Legislative Journal vs. Enrolled Bill

Electoral Tribunals

Composition- Bondoc v. Pineda, 201 SCRA 792- Abbas v. Senate Electoral Tribunal,

166 SCRA 651

Powers- Aquino v. Comelec, Sept. 18, 1995- Sampayan v. Daza, 213 SCRA 807

Jurisdiction over Proclamation Controversy- Caruncho v. Comelec, G.R. No.

135996, September 30, 1999

Commission on AppointmentsComposition

- Guingona v. Gonzales, 214 SCRA 789Powers

- Sarmiento v. Mison, 156 SCRA 549

Powers of CongressGeneral Legislative Power

LimitationsSubstantive LimitationsProcedural Limitations

One Bill, one subject- Guzman v. Comelec, G.R. No.

129118, July 19, 2000Sufficiency of Title

- Phil. Judges Association v.Prado, GR 105371, Nov. 11, 1993

- Chongbian v. Orbos, 245SCRA 253

Bills that must originate exclusivelyfrom the House

- Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance, GR 115455, Aug. 25, 1994

- Decision on Motion for Reconsideration, Oct. 30, 1995

Three readings on separate daysBicameral Conference Committee

Legislative Process

Approval of BillsPresidential vetoPocket veto

Item veto- Bengzon v. Drilon, 208 SCRA

133

Legislative veto; One-House Veto

- Immigration Service v.Chadha, 462 US 919, 77 L.Ed.2d 317

- Phil. Constitution Associationv. Enriquez, 235 SCRA 506

Power of the PurseImplied limitations on appropriation measure

- Guingona v. Carague, 196 SCRA 221

Constitutional limitations and rulesRidersSub rosa appropriationProhibition against transfer of

appropriation- Phil. Constitution Association v.

Enriquez, 235 SCRA 506

Power of Taxation- McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 US (4 Wheat,

316)

Power of Legislative Investigation

- Senate v. Ermita (E.O.464), G.R. No.169777

- Bengzon v. Senate Blue RibbonCommittee, 203 SCRA 767

Power to Punish contempt- Arnault v. Nazareno, 87 Phil. 29- Arnault v. Balagtas, 97 Phil. 358

Power to declare existence of state of war

- The Prize cases, 67 US 635, 17 L.Ed. 459- Mora v. McNamara, 389 US 934, 19

L.Ed.2d 287

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTPresident and Vice-President

QualificationsNatural-born Citizen

- Tecson v. Comelec, G.R. No. 161434, March3, 2004

ElectionCongress as canvassing boardSupreme Court as Electoral Tribunal

- Defensor-Santiago v. Ramos, PET

Case no. 001, Feb. 13, 1996Term of office

Privileges

Official residenceSalary

Presidential Immunity

- In re: Bermudez, 145 SCRA 160- Beltran v. Makasiar, 167 SCRA 393- US v. Nixon, 418 US 683, 41 L.Ed.2d

1039- Nixon v. Fitzgerald, 457 US 731

- Clinton v. Jones, 520 US 681, May 27,1997

- Estrada v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 146738,March 2, 2001

- Decision on Motion for



Reconsideration, April 3, 2001

Prohibitions and inhibitions

Rules on SuccessionVacancy at beginning of termVacancy during the termTemporary Disability

Removal of the President- Estrada v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 146738, March2, 2001

- Decision on Motion for Reconsideration, April 3, 2001

PowersExecutive Power

- Planas v. Gil, 67 Phil. 62- Myers, Administratrix v. United States,

272 US 52

Legislative Powers

- Municipality of San Juan v. CA, Sept.29, 1997

- Ople v. Torres, GR 127685, July 23,1998

Residual Powers- Marcos v. Manglapus, 177 SCRA 668

Power to Determine National Policy

- The Steel Seizure case, 343 US 579,96 L.Ed. 1153

Prosecution of Crimes- Webb v. De Leon, 247 SCRA 652

Creation of Preparatory Committee on

Constitutional Reforms- Gonzales v. Narvasa, G.R. No.

140835, August 14, 2000

Appointing Power Discretionary power

- Flores v. Drilon, GR 104732, June22, 1993

- Gordon v. Judge Santos, CA-GR

Sp No. 48339, Aug. 21, 1998- Gordon v. CA, GR 134900, Sept.

1, 1998- Luego v. Civil Service

Commission, 143 SCRA 327Classes of Appointment

- Gaminde v. COA, G.R. No.140335, December 13, 2000

Appointments subject to confirmation of Commission on Appointments

- Sarmiento v. Mison, 156 SCRA549

- Manalo v. Sistoza, GR 107369,

Aug. 11, 1999Limitations on the Appointment Power Power of Removal

Power of Control

Control vs. Supervision- Drilon v. Lim, GR 112497, Aug. 4,

1994Alter-ego Principle or Doctrine of

Qualified Political Agency- Carpio v. Executive Secretary,

Feb. 14, 1992The Executive Secretary

- Lacson-Magallanes v. Pano, 21

SCRA 895 Military Powers

Commander-in-chief clause- Ex Parte Milligan, 71 US 2- David v. Macapagal-Arroyo

(PP1017), GR 171396, May 3, 2006- Aquino v. Military Commission No.

2, 63 SCRA 546- Olaguer v. Military Commission

No. 34, 150 SCRA 144- Carpio v. Executive Secretary,

supra

Calling Out the Armed Forces

- IBP v. Zamora, G.R. No. 141284, August 15, 2000

Declaration of State of Rebellion- Lacson v. Perez, G.R. No. 147780,

May 10, 2001

Declaration of martial law- Aquino v. Enrile, 59 SCRA 183

Suspension of the privilege of the writ of

habeas corpus- Barcelon v. Baker, 5 Phil. 87- Montenegro v. Castañeda, 91 Phil.

882- Lansang v. Garcia, 42 SCRA 448- Garcia-Padilla v. Enrile, 121 SCRA

472

Pardoning Power - People v. Salle, 250 SCRA 581, Dec.

4, 1995- Monsanto v. Factoran, 170 SCRA 190- Garcia v. Chairman, COA, 226 SCRA

356Pardon vs. Amnesty

Diplomatic Power

- Dames & Moore v. Regan, 453 US654

Treaties vs. Executive Agreements

Power to Impound- Philconsa v. Enriquez, Aug. 19, 1994

JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT

Judicial Power Expanded jurisdiction

Effect on the political question doctrine

Jurisdiction



- Diaz v. CA, Dec. 5, 1994- First Lepanto Ceramics v. CA, Oct. 7,

1994

Constitutional Safeguards to insure independenceof the Judiciary

Justices/judges may not be designated to anyagency performing non-judicial functions

Fiscal Autonomy

Power of Judicial Review

Appointment to the JudiciaryProcedure for AppointmentJudicial and Bar Council

Supreme Court

CompositionEn Banc & Division cases

Fortich v. Corona, G.R. No. 131457, August19, 1999

PowersSupervision over the Judiciary

- Dolalas v. Office of the Ombudsman,Dec. 24, 1996

Rule-making powers- Maniago v. CA, 253 SCRA 674

Mandatory Review of Death Penalty Cases- People v. Esparas, GR 120034, Aug.

20, 1996Writ of AmparoEquipoise DoctrineDecisions of the Court

- Nicos Industrial Corp. v. CA, 206 SCRA

127- Prudential Bank v. Castro, 158 SCRA 646

Power to control execution of decision- Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice, GR

132601, Jan. 19, 1999

Tenure of Justices/Judges- De la Llana v. Alba, 112 SCRA 294

Removal and Discipline- Maceda v. Ombudsman, GR 102781, Apr.

22, 1993- People v. Gacott, 246 SCRA 52

Salaries- Perfecto v. Meer, 85 Phil. 552- Endencia v. David, 93 Phil. 696- Nitafan v. Commisioner of Internal

Revenue, 152 SCRA 284

INDEPENDENT CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONSafeguards to insure the independence of the

CommissionsProhibition on appointment in an acting capacity

- Brillantes v. Yorac, 192 SCRA 358Disqualifications and Inhibitions

Decisions - Certiorari to the Supreme Court- Galido v. Comelec, Jan. 18, 1991- Reyes v. RTC, 244 SCRA 41- Garces v. CA, July 17, 1996

SC Revised Admin. Cir. 1-95

1. Civil Service Commission

Scope of the Civil Service- DOH v. NLRC, 251 SCRA 700

Approval of appointments- Luego v. Civil Service Commission, 143

SCRA 327- Ramonte v. CSC, 244 SCRA 498

2. Commission on ElectionsEn Banc and Division cases

- Sarmiento v. Comelec, 212 SCRA 307Powers and Functions

- Relampagos v. Cumba, 243 SCRA 690- Loong v. Comelec, GR 133676, Apr. 14, 1999

Exclusive Original Jurisdiction and AppellateJurisdiction

- Guieb v. Fontanilla, 247 SCRA 348, Aug. 14,1995

Special Registration of New Voters- Akbayan Youth v. Comelec, G.R. No. 147066,

March 26, 2001 3. Commission on Audit

- Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. COA,GR 101976, Jan. 29, 1993

ACCOUNTABILITY OF PUBLIC OFFICERS

ImpeachmentImpeachable OfficersGrounds for ImpeachmentProcedure

- Romulo v. Yniguez, 141 SCRA 263Impeachment and Criminal Prosecution

- Estrada v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 146738,March 2, 2001

- Decision on Motion for Reconsideration, April 3, 2001

SandiganbayanJurisdiction

- Lacson v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No.128096, January 20, 1999

Ombudsman

Supervision and control- Acop v. Office of the Ombudsman, 248

SCRA 566Prosecutorial Powers

- Camanag v. Guerrero, GR 121017, Feb.17, 1997

Power to issue subpoena; Form of complaint- Almonte v. Vasquez, 244 SCRA 266

Power to Investigate Administrative ChargesConcurrent with the Office of the President

- Hagad v. Dadole, 241 SCRA 242Concurrent with the DOJ

- Honasan v. DOJ Panel of Investigating

Prosecutors, GR 159747, Apr. 13, 2004Power to investigate cases of ill-gotten wealth

after Feb. 25, 1996- Republic v. Sandiganbayan, Sept. 24,

1994



Ombudsman for the Military- Agbay v. Deputy Ombudsman for the

Military, G.R. No. 134503, July 2, 1999

Special Prosecutor - Zaldivar v. Gonzales, 160 SCRA 843

Commission on Human Rights

Powers and Functions of the Commission

- Cariño v. CHR, GR 96681, Dec. 2, 1991Civil Rights vs. Political Rights- Simon v. CHR, 229 SCRA 117, Jan. 5,

1994Fiscal Autonomy

- CHR Employees Assn. v. CHR, GR No.155336, Nov. 25, 2004

Presidential Commission on Good Government- Chavez v. PCGG, GR 130716, Dec. 9, 1998- Cojuangco v. Roxas, 195 SCRA 797- Republic v. Sandiganbayan, 258 SCRA 685- Romualdez v. Sandiganbayan, 244 S 152

Sequestration

- Republic v. Sandiganbayan, GR 106244,Jan. 22, 1997

Order signed by only one commissioner - Republic v. Sandiganbayan, GR 113420,

Mar. 7, 1997

Imprescriptibility of Right of State to Recover Ill-gotten Wealth

- Presidential Committee on Behest Loans v.Desierto, G.R. No. 130140, October 25, 1999

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