A - Z QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE TO HARMONISED

CONCEPTS AND QUESTIONS FOR

GOVERNMENT SOCIAL SURVEYS

Government Statistical Service

Office for National Statistics

Revised April 2015

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This booklet has been created as an alphabetical quick reference guide to the Harmonised Concepts and Questions for Government Social Surveys and was correct at time of printing. Users should note that the electronic version found at http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/harmonisation/harmonisation-index-page/index.html is the current version and contains the most up to date information. Latest updates are also published on the ‘Harmonisation Bulletins’ page. Hard copies of this booklet (from the current version) will be printed from time to time as and when required for specific events. The above link will also take you to the full versions of the individual Primary and Secondary Harmonised Principles as well as other useful information with regard to the Harmonisation Programme.

Introduction to Harmonisation

Background to Harmonisation The United Kingdom has a wide range of Government surveys of persons and households which provide sources of social and economic statistics. The decennial Census of Population is the largest and best known but Government Departments also commission continuous household surveys on a range of topics and these include:

economic activity income expenditure food purchase and consumption health housing

These surveys were designed at different times, to meet different needs, and were commissioned by a range of Departments. Consequently, they were developed to a significant degree in isolation from each other. This lack of cohesion leads to differences in:

concepts and definitions design fieldwork and processing practices outputs (content and format)

A major factor behind the creation of National Statistics was the desire to provide a better service to users of statistics, by improving the availability and accessibility of those statistics. Producing datasets based on common classifications, definitions and standards will lead to improved comparability of statistics. The agreed harmonised concepts are a step towards this goal by making the interpretation and analysis of data easier. This will allow users of published data to see a more coherent picture of British society and trends within it, and to help users plan surveys (at a local level, for example) that can provide data comparable with national surveys. Account has also been taken of concepts and definitions developed for the 2011 Census of Population, although the different data collection modes and statistical methods and uses of the data mean there are inevitably differences in some cases. Harmonisation can relate to inputs (for example, interview questions and answer categories) and outputs (for example, analysis variables derived from inputs). In 1995, ONS began working on the harmonisation of questions in major Government social surveys. An ONS Harmonisation Working Group was first established in 1996 and was responsible for the co-ordination of social survey harmonisation activities across the GSS. It focussed on harmonising concepts, definitions, classifications, questions and outputs through regular meetings of representatives from across Government. One of the aims of the work was to make it easier for users to draw clearer and more robust comparisons between data sources. In 2003, the Social Statistics Harmonisation Group was responsible for helping to shape the overall programme of harmonisation work in line with corporate and National Statistics-wide priorities. From 2004, the work has been coordinated by the National Statistics Harmonisation Group (NSHG), a cross governmental group, with the remit to provide strategic direction for the design, development and maintenance of common statistical frames, definitions and classifications. Where appropriate, the work has also incorporated the need to provide options which recognises the differing requirements of the

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individual countries of the UK, the requirements of different modes of data collection, different statistical systems and general data needs. The group is responsible for encouraging compliance with the ‘Statistics and Registration Services Act 2007’ (SRS) and the ‘UK Statistics Authority Code of Practice for Official Statistics’ (CoP). The ONS Harmonisation team was initially formed in 2003 and the ensuing years have been used to work with survey subject specialists to develop a suite of harmonised principles (including questions and definitions). In 2006, a review of the harmonisation program led to the scope of the work being revised and a reduction in the level of available resources. Currently thirteen harmonisation groups with specialist topic knowledge are responsible for developing new/revised harmonised principles and the list of topic areas is as follows:

Benefits and Tax Credits Classifications Consumer Durables Country of Birth, Migration and Citizenship Crime, Anti-Social Behaviour (ASB) and Social Capital Demographic Info, Household Relationship and Civil Partnership Disability Health and Carers Economic Activity Education Ethnic Group, National Identity and Religion Housing and Tenure, Accommodation Type, Length of Residence and Motor Vehicles Income Pension

A governance structure involving the NSHG and other senior Government Statistical Service (GSS) management boards are used to formally ratify all new and revised harmonised principles. Once agreed, all finalised harmonised principles are then published via the ONS website. Why are Harmonised Principles Needed? With the aim of ensuring comparability when collecting data on population characteristics, organisations should strive to have the same basic meaning for key concepts no matter when or how they are collected. It is important for a dataset to be comparable both within itself over time and with other survey datasets covering related population characteristics. Harmonisation is used to establish a common knowledge base of standard definitions and methods and is very important in supporting comparability within the UK and internationally. The focus is typically on the adoption of the following key data elements and processes: concepts, sampling frames, questions, definitions, statistical / measurement units and classifications (including common geographic referencing and coding standards). When viewing harmonisation across the UK Nations and internationally, the context of economic, social, legislative, institutional, cultural and other differences within the separate countries should always be considered. When thinking about the typical statistical business process model, harmonisation can be applied at three key stages: inputs; outputs; and processes. Different approaches within each stage are utilised to help achieve the harmonisation objectives. The use of harmonised principles can provide a range of benefits including:

Cost savings and efficiencies by avoiding duplication and providing more outputs from less investment.

Comparability and coherence within time series and between separate datasets. Help to support a wider reuse of survey structural information. The use of common principles reduces the risk and vulnerability associated with staff turnover, by

sharing knowledge within an organization, encouraging dissemination of best practice and improving communication with internal and external users.

Help to support a common understanding of outcomes and issues. Help to increase survey response rates and make questions more efficient by the use of more up-

to-date and appropriate language and question formats along with reducing respondent burden. Increase the efficiency of disseminating findings by supporting better user navigation of internet

based outputs. Help comply with the requirements of the Statistics and Registration Services Act 2007 (SRS). Help comply with the requirements of the UK Statistics Authority Code of Practice for Official

Statistics (CoP).

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Help departments in their preparations for National Statistics dataset designation assessments. Encourages closer collaboration across the GSS. Increase options for data sharing and linkage of official statistics datasets. Help in the assessment of data quality via the comparison of outputs from relevant surveys and

administrative data. Help to improve the reputation of official statistics.

Ongoing Harmonisation Considerations Factors influencing harmonisation activities may be summarised as follows:

updates to ensure harmonised principles reflect associated changes to issues such as user requirements, survey structure, changes in terminology, etc;

differing requirements of the individual countries of the UK, different modes of data collection; different statistical systems; development of new principles to cover changing/emerging social issues; encouraging compliance with both the SRS 2007 and UK Statistics Authority CoP; different approaches required to encourage the uptake of principles including: the implementation

of a Harmonisation Strategy for use across all Government data producers, a range of internet publications, roadshows and a range of promotional material;

working to meet EuroStat’s data requirements, for example the European Core Social Variables Task Force; and

ONS is increasingly positioning itself to make greater use of administrative data. In order to exploit such data, it is important to extend the principles of harmonisation beyond surveys and the Census, and this is one of the key harmonisation goals.

Primary and Secondary Harmonised Principles With the aim of helping users find specific harmonisation details more easily and quickly, two separate categories of harmonised principles are used, and these are known as Primary and Secondary principles. Primary Harmonised Principles Harmonisation which extends to all or nearly all major Government household surveys is said to be covering a primary set of concepts and questions. The related principles are known as Primary Harmonised Principles. Secondary Harmonised Principles Concepts and questions which apply only for a selected group of surveys are said to belong to a secondary set. The associated principles are known as Secondary Harmonised Principles. Conventions and Terminology - Inputs and Outputs Inputs Separate surveys are used for a diverse range of purposes and so cover topics in differing levels of detail. Harmonised questions are designed to efficiently incorporate the use of common classifications and assist with data analysis from different surveys. Not all surveys will include questions on all topics or in every year, but the recommendation is that where a topic is covered; harmonised questions should be included wherever possible. Some surveys will require more detail on topics than can be obtained from the harmonised questions alone. It will normally be the case that such surveys already ask for that detail. The harmonised questions have been designed so the surveys which ask for more detail can either derive them without asking them directly, or combine them with the extra detail, without adding to the length of interview. The harmonised questions are intended to fit flexibly into the designs of different surveys. There is no intention that they should form a unified sequence within a questionnaire. Questions and groups of questions are intended to be placed in existing questionnaires in the most appropriate places. This will often mean replacing an existing individual question with a harmonised version covering the same topic area. Avoiding an increase in respondent burden has been a major consideration in designing harmonised questions. It’s possible that harmonised questions could have more detailed sets of answer categories than some surveys use for these topics. However, classifying respondents' answers to a more detailed set does not necessarily increase the time needed to answer a question. More detailed categories have

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been included only where they will not add to interview length. There is no intention to probe for detail which is not volunteered, unless a question specifically demands it. The aim has been to save time by providing clear categories for the less typical answers, where these are of interest for analysis. Finding the right balance of content has an important bearing on survey quality. Outputs The production of harmonised outputs from different surveys presents a number of challenges, however it is hoped that unless there are strong reasons for doing otherwise, Government surveys will as far as possible adopt harmonised principles. This will allow users to interpret and compare outputs across datasets more easily. However, it will be for individual survey teams to decide how outputs should be presented, bearing in mind the requirements of the survey users. Harmonised outputs are not intended to restrict published outputs. Where more detail is currently published from a particular survey, it is expected that this will continue, but where appropriate include summary data based on harmonised principles. Conventions and Terminology - Interviewer Instructions The questions shown in the harmonisation principles documents apply to the whole sample of persons or households (as appropriate), and only one answer is expected at each question, unless otherwise specified. Instructions to interviewers which appear with the questions are shown in italics. Interviewers must ask the question as worded, reading as far as the question mark. The only exceptions to this rule are: if a question carries the instruction “ASK OR RECORD”, the interviewer can record the answer if it

has already been clearly volunteered by the respondent. If in any doubt, the interviewer must ask the question. The layout of some questions means that the answer categories are included in the wording, and the question mark is found at the end of the final answer category to be read out;

if a phrase is in brackets, the interviewer may decide if it is appropriate to read it out; the interviewer

also chooses which words or phrases to read when they are separated by a forward slash ( ‘/’). Questions refer to 'you', as is appropriate when talking with the person whose information is being collected or asking about the collective 'you' which refers to the household as a whole. Interviewers will substitute the appropriate name when asking the respondent about someone other than themselves. Questions which ask for monetary amounts expect answers to be given in pounds and pence, unless specified as to the nearest pound.

Conventions and Terminology – Edit Checks In this document, the term edits refers to quality checks carried out on respondents’ answers. Harmonised consistency checks have been agreed as a minimum set associated with particular harmonised questions. For their own purposes, different survey teams may add further consistency checks. Computer assisted interviewing (CAI) allows checks to be applied during the interview, so that apparent inconsistencies can be resolved or corrected by the respondent. Typically Government surveys use CAI, so the edits are shown in the form of the message which an interviewer sees on screen when a check is triggered by an apparent inconsistency. Hard checks These are written into edit programs to look for inconsistencies which clearly require at least one of the answers involved in the check to be corrected before the data can be accepted. Soft checks These are used to warn of possible inconsistencies needing further inspection. Once an issue has been highlighted, it is possible it could then be proven to be accurate and as a consequence accepted. An example of this validation could be in the case of where a respondent was said to be a parent and was also said to be aged less than 15. Soft checks are particularly useful in checking numeric variables, like

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the cost of a house, where the valid range must cover all possibilities but is worth checking that answers with very high or very low values are valid and not miss-recorded. Contact Us For more information about Harmonisation or to join our mailing list, please visit our website at http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/harmonisation/harmonisation-programme/index.html If you would like further information or have any questions, please contact: Email: harmonisation@ons.gov.uk Telephone: 01329 444017 Mail: Harmonisation Team Office for National Statistics Room 2400 Segensworth Road Titchfield Fareham PO15 5RR

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CONTENTS Note: Information below topic in blue refers to the HARMONISED PRINCIPLE the topic is included in

A ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 9 

Accommodation Type of Household ........................................................................................................... 9 Accommodation and Household Information

Activity Restriction .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses: Impairments and Disabilities

Age ................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Demographic Information, Household Composition and Relationships

Agency Workers .................................................................................................................................................... 17 Economic Status, NS-SEC and Employment-related Questions

B ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 

Benefits/Tax Credits ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Benefits and Tax Credits

C ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 35 

Carers .......................................................................................................................................................................... 35 General Health and Carers Cars (see Household Motor Vehicles)

Characteristics of Those Living in the Household ............................................................................ 36 Civil Partnerships (see Marital or Same-sex Civil Partnership Status & Living Arrangements)

Consumer Durables ............................................................................................................................................. 37 Consumer Durables

Council Tax .............................................................................................................................................................. 40 Housing Costs and Benefits

Crime and Fear of Crime ................................................................................................................................... 41 Crime and Fear of Crime

D ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 46 

Date of Birth ............................................................................................................................................................. 46 Demographic Information, Household Composition and Relationships Disability (see Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses) Dwellings (see Accommodation Type of Household)

E ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 47 

Economic Status ................................................................................................................................................... 47 Economic Status, NS-SEC and Employment-related Questions

Educational Attainment (simple classifactory variable; see also Qualifications) ......56 Other Primary Standards Electrical Goods (see Consumer Durables)

Employment Status: Industry, Occupation, and Socio-Economic Classification ......... 57 Economic Status, NS-SEC and Employment-related Questions E-Society (see Internet Access)

Ethnic Group ............................................................................................................................................................ 61 Ethnic Group

F ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 75

Fear of Crime ( see Crime and Fear of Crime) Full or Part-time Work (self-assessed) ..................................................................................................... 75

Economic Status, NS-SEC and Employment-related Questions

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G........................................................................................................................................................................................... 76

Gender ......................................................................................................................................................................... 76 Demographic Information, Household Composition and Relationships

General Health ....................................................................................................................................................... 76 General Health and Carers

Geography ................................................................................................................................................................. 77 Other Primary Standards

H........................................................................................................................................................................................... 78

Health (see General Health and Carers) Home Ownership (see Tenure)

Household Motor Vehicles .............................................................................................................................. 78 Demographic Information, Household Composition and Relationships

Household Reference Person ........................................................................................................................ 81 Demographic Information, Household Composition and Relationships

Household Relationships ................................................................................................................................. 81 Demographic Information, Household Composition and Relationships

Household and Household Response Unit: ........................................................................................... 83 Demographic Information, Household Composition and Relationships

Housing Benefits ................................................................................................................................................... 84 Housing Costs and Benefits

Housing Costs and Benefits ........................................................................................................................... 85 Housing Costs and Benefits Housing (see Accommodation Type of Household)

I ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 86 

Impairments ............................................................................................................................................................. 86 Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses; Impairments and Disabilities

Income as a Classificatory Variable ......................................................................................................... 89 Income

Internet Access ..................................................................................................................................................... 95 Internet Access

J ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 97 

K........................................................................................................................................................................................... 97 

L ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 97 

Length of Residence ........................................................................................................................................... 97 Accommodation and Household Information Length of Time Since Last Did Paid Work (see Selected Job Details)

Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses ..................................................................................... 98 Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses; Impairments and Disabilities

M ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 100 

Marital or Same-sex Civil Partnership Status & Living Arrangements ............................... 100 Demographic Information, Household Composition and Relationships

Mobile Phone Users ........................................................................................................................................... 103 Other Primary Standards

Mortgage Protection Policies ...................................................................................................................... 103 Housing Costs and Benefits

Mortgages ............................................................................................................................................................... 104 Housing Costs and Benefits

Mortgage - Endowment Policies/Pension Plan/PEP/ISA or Unit Trust .................................. 110 Housing Costs and Benefits Motor Vehicles (see Household Motor Vehicles)

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N......................................................................................................................................................................................... 110 

National Identity ................................................................................................................................................. 110 National Identity and Religion

NS-SEC ...................................................................................................................................................................... 113 Economic Status, NS-SEC and Employment-related Questions

O......................................................................................................................................................................................... 115

Occupation (see Employment and also NS-SEC)

P ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 115

Part-time Work (see Full or Part-time Work [self-assessed]) Personal Well-Being (Interim Harmonised Standard) .................................................................... 115

Personal Well-Being Provision of Care (see Carers)

Q......................................................................................................................................................................................... 118 

Qualifications ........................................................................................................................................................ 118 Other Secondary Standards

R ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 120

Relationships, Household (see Household Relationships) Religion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 120

National Identity and Religion Renters ..................................................................................................................................................................... 123

Housing Costs and Benefits

S ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 126 

Selected Job Details ......................................................................................................................................... 126 Selected Job Details Sex (see Gender)

Sexual Identity ..................................................................................................................................................... 130 Sexual Identity

Social Capital ........................................................................................................................................................ 132 Social Capital Socio-economic Classification (see NS-SEC)

Statistical Measures of Disability ............................................................................................................. 141 Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses; Impairments and Disabilities

Survey Reference Period ................................................................................................................................ 144 Other Primary Standards

T ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 144

Tax Credits (see Benefits and Tax Credits) Tenure ....................................................................................................................................................................... 144

Other Primary Standards Time in Present Job (see Selected Job Details) U Unemployment (see NS-SEC) Usual Hours Worked (see Selected Job Details) V Vans (see Household Motor Vehicles) X Y Z

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A Accommodation Type of Household Inputs ALL HOUSEHOLDS BASIC QUESTION

– INTERVIEWER CODE, IS THE HOUSEHOLD’S ACCOMMODATION:

1. a house or bungalow 2. a self-contained flat, maisonette or apartment 3. a room or rooms (eg bedsit or flatlet) 4. other

Interviewer instructions: If the household occupies a flat in a converted house, code 2. For a household to be included in category 3, it has to share either kitchen, bath/shower or WC with another household space

IF A HOUSE OR BUNGALOW AT BASIC QUESTION TYPE OF HOUSE/BUNGALOW

– INTERVIEWER CODE, IS IT: 1. detached 2. semi-detached 3. terrace (including end-terrace)

Interviewer instructions: A semi-detached house is one of a pair which are joined together. A house at the end of a terrace must be coded 3 even if there are only three houses in the terrace. Houses which are joined only by a garage (link-detached) should be coded detached.

IF A FLAT OR MAISONETTE AT BASIC QUESTION TYPE OF FLAT/MAISONETTE

– INTERVIEWER CODE, IS IT:

1. Purpose-built (including in block or tenement or over shops) 2. Part of a converted house 3. Part of other converted building (eg former school, church or warehouse 4. In a commercial building (eg in an office building or hotel)

IF OTHER AT BASIC QUESTION TYPE OF ACCOMMODATION

– INTERVIEWER CODE, IS IT:

1. a caravan, mobile home or houseboat 2. some other kind of accommodation?

Accommodation Type of Household Outputs The output describes a household’s accommodation. In most cases a household’s accommodation is an entire dwelling, so that the type of dwelling is the same as the type of accommodation. When, however, two or more households are sharing a dwelling the type of dwelling will not be the same as the type of accommodation because they will refer to different physical spaces. Output Categories: Accommodation type of the household

House or bungalow Detached xxx Semi-detached xxx

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Terraced* xxx All houses and bungalows XXXX Flat or maisonette

Purpose built xxx Non purpose built xxx

All flats or maisonettes XXXX Other accommodation types** XXXX All accommodation types XXXXX

* Note: Includes end of terrace **Note: Includes bedsits; includes caravans and mobile homes. Most government social surveys are of the private household population, so no separate categories have been proposed for institutions. The sample coverage should be documented.

Activity Restriction Inputs Activity restriction (limitation) and its duration associated with any long-lasting physical or mental health conditions or illnesses reported Two questions providing a measure of restriction carrying-out day-to-day activities by extent and duration. For use in social surveys and suitable for data collection using CAPI, CATI. These questions can also be used with paper-based and online self completion forms too. To establish whether a person with a long-lasting physical or mental health condition or illness is restricted in carrying-out normal day-to-day activities. The purpose of capturing information on restriction carrying-out day-to-day activities is to enable the operationalisation of the core definition of currently disabled people made statute in the Equality Act 2010; but also have functionality to capture data required by the European Union’s Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC). The Equality Act generally defines a disabled person as someone who has a physical or mental health condition or impairment that has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on the person’s ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. This differs from the definition previously stipulated in the Disability Discrimination Act 1995, which also required the disabled person to show that their normal day-to-day activities produced a substantial adverse effect in one or more of one specified capacities such as mobility, speech, or memory. The current EU-SILC regulation variable guideline requires capturing data on limitation carrying-out daily activities people usually do for the past six months by extent of limitation. The term ‘day-to-day activities’ was generally taken by respondents to refer to routine activities; cooking, shopping, dressing, bathing and gardening, difficulty crossing the road, lifting items above the head and walking a defined distance were some of the functional difficulties identified in cognitive testing. The capture of the extent to which daily activities are affected was deemed beneficial in consultations; but required testing to examine any relationship with the term substantial used in the Equality Act and the term ‘severely’ limited used in the European Health Interview Survey which the EU-SILC data were required to harmonise with. The use of the responses categories ‘limited a lot’ and ‘limited a little’ in the Census 2011 question on disability and the preference for response categories containing the plain English terms ‘a lot’ and ‘a little’ was adopted in the field testing of these questions. It was also agreed that activity restriction would only be captured among the sub-sample of respondents with a physical or mental health condition or illness lasting or expected to last a year or more, to ensure compatibility with the Equality Act definition. Field testing of this question had three principal objectives: a) to establish the level of coherence with other data sources capturing similar data b) to determine the relationship between the terms ‘substantial long-term effect’ used in the FRS

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and LOS, ‘limited’ and ‘strongly limited’ used in the GLF, ‘limited a lot’ and ‘limited a little’ used in the Census 2011 question, and the terms ‘a lot’ of reduced ability and ‘a little’ reduced ability used in the field test question.

c) to assess whether the prevalence of activity restriction is artefactually inflated by capturing extent compared with simple dichotomised responses of ‘Yes’ or ‘No’.

There was a good level of agreement between the estimate derived from the FRS criterion of substantial difficulty in one or more capacity domains and the estimates from both the field test conflated categories of ‘Yes, a lot’ or ‘Yes, a little’ reduced ability carrying-out day-to-day activities and the field tested 2011 Census question’s conflated categories of ‘Yes, limited a lot’ and ‘Yes, limited a little’. This suggests the term ‘substantial’ concurs with the combined plain English response categories used in the harmonised question and the 2011 Census question. Table 1 shows the comparative prevalence calculated from each external source together with the field test stage 2 estimates.

Table 1. Per Cent prevalence of activity restriction by extent, persons aged 16 years and over

Source Per Cent

Field test harmonised standard question – Opinions 2010 Does your condition or illness\do any of your conditions or illnesses reduce your ability to carry-out day-to-day activities ‘Yes a lot’ or ‘Yes a little’?

21.9

‘Yes, a lot’ 10.3

‘Yes, a little’ 11.7

FRS question – 2008–09 Does this\do these health problems or disabilities mean that you have substantial difficulties with any of these areas of your life? Mobility; lifting; manual dexterity; continence; communication; memory, concentrate, understand or learn; physical danger; balance; other

21.4

FRS question – 2009–10 Does this\do these health problems or disabilities mean that you have substantial difficulties with any of these areas of your life? Mobility; lifting; manual dexterity; continence; communication; memory, concentrate, understand or learn; physical danger; balance; other

21.3

LOS question 2009–10 interim results Does this\do these health problems or disabilities mean that you have substantial difficulties with any of these areas of your life? Mobility; lifting; manual dexterity; continence; communication; memory, concentrate, understand or learn; physical danger; balance; other

25.9

GLF question 2009 Does this illness(es) or disability(ies) limit your activities in any way? Limited or strongly limited

21.2

Strongly limited 8.7

Field Test of 2011 Census question – Opinions 2010 Are your day-to-day activities limited because of a health problem or disability which has lasted or is expected to last 12 months or more Yes, limited a lot or yes limited a little 21.9

Yes, limited a lot 10.7

Yes, limited a little 11.2

The term ‘strongly limited’ asked in the 2009 GLF question is lower than both the field test question and Census 2011 question estimates of ‘Yes, (limited) a lot’ by 1.2 percentage points. The GLF currently supplies estimates of the UK’s prevalence of ‘severely hampered in daily activities’ used in the EU-SILC data tables available on the Eurostat website: http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_silc_12&lang=en.

There was no evidence in the field testing that the capture of extent produced an artefactual inflation in prevalence by conflating extent categories compared with questions using dichotomised ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ responses.

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HARMONISED QUESTION

ASK IN PERSON IF AGE>=16 AND RESPONDS ‘YES’ TO QUESTION ASKING ABOUT ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESSES

ASK BY PROXY IF AGE IS <16 AND A PROXY RESPONSE OF ‘YES’ TO QUESTION ASKING ABOUT ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESS

ASK BY PROXY IF NOT FIT TO RESPOND IN PERSON AND A PROXY RESPONSE OF ‘YES’ TO ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESSES

Does your condition or illness/do any of your conditions or illnesses reduce your ability to carry-out day-to-day activities?

Running prompt:

1. Yes, a lot 2. Yes, a little 3. Not at all

As an Introduction to the question, the interviewer should state: This question asks about whether your health condition or illness currently affects your ability to carry-out normal day-to-day activities, either a lot or a little or not at all. In answering this question, you should consider whether you are affected whilst receiving any treatment or medication for your condition or illness and/or using any devices such as a hearing aid, for example. Guidance can be provided about what is meant by normal day to day activities. These are washing and dressing, household cleaning, cooking, shopping for essentials, using public or private transport, walking a defined distance, climbing stairs, remembering to pay bills, and lifting objects from the ground or a work surface in the kitchen, moderate manual tasks such as gardening, gripping objects such as cutlery and hearing and speaking in a noisy room. Guidance on interpreting extent categories are in the context of how much assistance a person needs to carry-out daily activities and whether they are house bound; Yes, a lot, for example, would be appropriate for someone usually needing some level of support of family members, friends or personal social services for most normal daily activities. The respondents should answer on the basis of their current extent of activity restriction, taking account of any treatment, medication or other devices such as a hearing aid they may receive or use. This question is designed to replace the following question variants used in national government social surveys. FAMILY RESOURCES SURVEY

HProb Does this physical or mental illness or disability (Do any of these physical or mental illnesses or disabilities) limit your activities in any way? 1. Yes 2. No

AND DisDif Does this/Do these health problem(s) or disability(ies) mean that you have substantial difficulties with any of these areas of your life?

(1) Moving Mobility (moving about) (2) Lifting Lifting, carrying or moving objects (3) Hands Manual dexterity (using your hands to carry out everyday

tasks) (4) Bladder Continence (bladder and bowel control) (5) Speech Communication (speech, hearing or eyesight) (6) Learn Memory or ability to concentrate, learn or understand (7) Danger Recognising when you are in physical danger

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(8) Balance Your physical co-ordination (eg: balance) (9) Other Other health problem or disability (10) None None of these

ANNUAL POPULATION SURVEY\LABOUR FORCE SURVEY

Healim Do these health problems or disabilities, when taken singly or together, substantially limit your ability to carry out normal day to day activities? If you are receiving medication or treatment, please consider what the situation would be without the medication or treatment. 1 Yes 2 No

INTEGRATED HOUSEHOLD SURVEY GENERAL LIFESTYLE MODULE\CONTINUOUS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY\HEALTH SURVEY FOR ENGLAND IHS GLF and HSE

LimitAct Does this illness or disability (Do any of these illnesses or disabilities) limit your activities in any way? 1. Yes 2. No AND LimitL6 Would you say your activities are limited or strongly limited? 1. Limited 2. Strongly limited

CHS ACTILIM Does this illness or disability limit your activities in any way? 1. Yes 2. No

LIFE OPPORTUNITIES SURVEY

DisDif Does this/Do these health problem(s) or disability(ies) mean that you have substantial difficulties with any of these areas of your life?

(1) Moving Mobility (moving about) (2) Lifting Lifting, carrying or moving objects (3) Hands Manual dexterity (using your hands to carry out everyday

tasks) (4) Bladder Continence (bladder and bowel control) (5) Speech Communication (speech, hearing or eyesight) (6) Learn Memory or ability to concentrate, learn or understand (7) Danger Recognising when you are in physical danger (8) Balance Your physical co-ordination (eg: balance) (9) Other Other health problem or disability (10) None None of these

Period of time the person experienced activity restriction The Equality Act requires that any adverse effect on daily activities resulting from a physical or mental health condition, illness or impairment should be long-term as well as substantial. The Act defines ‘long-term’ as lasting or expected to last a year or more or for the rest of the person’s life. The approach taken

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in estimating the core currently disabled population used in FRS publications does not include a duration term; similarly, the 2011 Census question does not capture the duration of activity restriction, only the duration of the health condition. The question supplying EU-SILC data asked on the GLF does not specify a time frame for either the long-standing condition or the activity restriction, although the former term implies something other than temporary (the current question asked on the GLF is not compliant with the past six month time frame criterion stipulated in the EU-SILC variable concept). The need for a follow-up question which captured duration for use in a classification of disability was deemed beneficial to improve compliance with the EU-SILC variable concept. The following categories were tested: ‘less than six months’, ‘between 6 months and 12 months’, and ‘12 months or more’.

The field test results demonstrated the effect of using the duration filter question to classify a case of disability is to reduce prevalence estimates; a 12 months or more time filter reduced prevalence of activity restriction to 18.8 per cent, while a 6 months or more time filter reduced prevalence to 20.7 per cent. Consequently, the application of this filter for use in the UK Equality Act classification will cause a discontinuity from FRS estimates and additionally be incoherent with the Census 2011 question. However, it will provide a conservative estimate of Equality Act disability. However, application of the time filter improves comparability with EU-SILC historical estimates; the estimate of ‘severely hampered in daily activities’ using the field test question’s category ‘Yes, a lot’ and filtering using the categories between 6 months and 12 months and 12 months or more is 9.9 per cent, while the estimate of ‘hampered in daily activities to some extent’ using the field test question’s category ‘Yes, a little’ and the same duration categories is 11.0 per cent, which compares favourably with the UK estimates published on the Eurostat website for 2009. Table 2 shows the estimates derived from the harmonised standard questions in the field test with those currently published on the Eurostat website for the UK in 2009.

Table 2. EU-SILC derived and published disability: per cent prevalence, persons aged 16 years

and over

Source Per Cent 95% confidence

limits

Field test question – Opinions 2010 For how long has your ability to carry-out day-to-day activities been reduced? Less than six months or between 6 and 12 months or 12 months or more

21.9 20.0 – 23.9

Less than six months 1.3 0.7 – 1.8

Between 6 months and 12 months 1.8 1.2 – 2.5

12 months or more 18.8 17.0 – 20.7

Revised EU-SILC estimate taking account of duration 20.7 18.8 – 22.6

Revised EU-SILC estimate of ‘Severely hampered in daily activities’ using the activity restriction category ‘Yes, a Lot’ and the duration categories ‘between six months and 12 months’ and ‘12 months or more’

9.9 8.5–11.3

Revised EU-SILC estimate of ‘Hampered in daily activities to some extent’ using the activity restriction category ‘Yes, a little’ and the duration categories ‘between six months and 12 months’ and ’12 months or more’

10.8 9.3–12.2

EU-SILC 2009 estimate on Eurostat website – conflated categories ‘Severely hampered in daily activities’ and ‘Hampered in daily activities to some extent’

20.8

EU-SILC 2009 estimate on Eurostat website – ‘Severely hampered in daily activities’ 9.1

EU-SILC 2009 estimate on Eurostat website – ‘Hampered in daily activities to some extent’ 11.7

Sources: ONS Opinions Survey 2010; Eurostat Further information on the field testing of these questions can be found in the field test reports which will be published on the ONS website during the autumn 2011, and links to these reports will be added to this document following their publication.

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HARMONISED QUESTION

ASK IN PERSON IF AGE>=16 AND RESPONDS ‘YES’ TO QUESTION ASKING ABOUT ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESSES AND RESPONDS YES, A LOT’ OR ‘YES, A LITTLE’ TO THE ACTIVITY RESTRICTION QUESTION

ASK BY PROXY IF AGE IS <16 AND A PROXY RESPONSE OF ‘YES’ TO QUESTION ASKING ABOUT ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESS AND A PROXY RESPONSE OF ‘YES, A LOT’ OR ‘YES, A LITTLE’ TO THE ACTIVITY RESTRICTION QUESTION

ASK BY PROXY IF NOT FIT TO RESPOND IN PERSON AND A PROXY RESPONSE OF ‘YES’ TO ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESSES AND A PROXY RESPONSE OF ‘YES, A LOT’ OR ‘YES, A LITTLE’ TO THE ACTIVITY RESTRICTION QUESTION

For how long has your ability to carry-out day-to-day activities been reduced?

Running prompt:

1. Less than six months 2. Between six months and 12 months 3. 12 months or more

This question follows on naturally from the previous question and does not need a specific introduction by the interviewer. This question does not replace existing questions.

Activity Restriction Outputs Restriction (limitation) carrying out normal day to day activities The following table shows the output categories for activity restriction. Coding of these categories should comply with the specific coding conventions applied in the specific survey source. ONS is not prescribing a code but an example is given in the table. Suggested variable name: REDACT Does your condition or illness/do any of your conditions or illnesses reduce your ability to carry-out day-to-day activities?

Example Code

Nominal scale Yes, a lot Numeric 1 Yes, a little Numeric 2 No, not at all Numeric 3 Equality Act: Core currently disabled population = 1 OR 2 Equality Act: Not core currently disabled = 3 EU-SILC: Not severely hampered in daily activities = 3 EU-SILC: Not hampered in daily activities to some extent = 3

Duration of restriction (limitation) carrying out normal day to day activities The following table shows the output categories for duration of activity restriction. Coding of these categories should comply with the specific coding conventions applied in the specific survey source. ONS is not prescribing a code but an example is given in the table. Suggested variable name: DURREDACT For how long has your ability to carry-out day-to-day activities been reduced?

Example Code

Nominal scale Less than 6 months Numeric 1 Between six months and 12 months Numeric 2 12 months or more Numeric 3 EU-SILC: Severely hampered in daily activities =2 OR 3 AND

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REDACT =1 EU-SILC Hampered in daily activities to some extent =2 OR 3 AND

REDACT = 2 EU-SILC Not severely hampered in daily activities = 1 EU-SILC Not hampered in daily activities to some extent = 1

Further Information on Harmonisation project Further information on the harmonisation project can be accessed in two Health Statistics Quarterly articles due for publication in Issue 51 in August 2011. Health Statistics Quarterly can be accessed from the ONS website at: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/article.asp?ID=2728 http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/article.asp?ID=2729

Age Outputs The following output categories are suggested for different types of output: Harmonised Standard 1

Harmonised Standard 2

Harmonised Standard 3

Harmonised Standard 4

0-24 0-24 0-15 0-4 5-10 11-15 16-19 16-24 20-24 25-44 25-29 25-34 30-34 35-44 35-39 40-44 25-64 45-64 45-54 45-49 55-64 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-74 65-74 65-74 65-69 70-74 75+ 75+ 75-84 75-79 80-84 85+ 85+ All ages All ages All ages All ages For analyses related specifically to employment, a secondary classification may be appropriate, given below. Further detail (5 or 10 year bands) may be appropriate in some cases. Age groupings to choose will depend on:

the sample size of the source used (narrower age bands will be more suitable for outputs from surveys with a larger sample size or large administrative sources)

the subject of interest in the statistics. For example, employment analyses should start from age 16 in most cases.

Secondary harmonised output categories for employment and pension related analyses:

0-15 XXX 16-64 XXX 65 and over XXX All ages XXXX

Changes to the state pension age came into effect from April 2010 and will continue progressively until 2028.

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Users often require statistics for the state pension age at the reference date of any output. Producers of outputs are asked to consider their users and their possible need for outputs on state pension age basis. Given this, it is suggested that producers provide this in addition to the age groups suggested above, where it is both practical to do so, and does not present any disclosure control risks. Age in years We recommend that the date of birth input data is translated into age at time of survey for most published outputs. For specialist analyses other categories could also be presented. These might include analysis based on 'academic age' (i.e. age on the preceding August 31st), which is useful for studies concerned with education and issues relating to youth. Another example is 'rounded age', in which a child's age is rounded to the nearest integer (e.g. all children aged 14½ to 15½ are counted as being aged 15). Rounded age is used to calculate standard growth curves for children. Some health-related analyses may need to use this to allow comparison with published data on children's heights and weights by age. Survey managers may wish to consider including derived variables on these definitions on their databases. Aggregation of age groups for publication The level of aggregation used in published analyses will depend on the purpose of the analysis and the quality of the data, including sample size in the different age groups. For general purposes, including reference tables, the categories above are recommended, though not necessarily with full breakdown.

Agency Workers Inputs As the UK labour market has developed over the past decade it has become increasingly difficult to gain an accurate estimate of the number of people currently employed through an ‘employment agency’. This had previously been seen as ‘non-permanent’ work but nowadays it is common for people to consider themselves permanently employed as an ‘agency worker’. This has led to some changes to standard questions around this area and the addition of a new question. Below are the harmonised standard questions to be used to collect data on further job details, specifically on agency working. The harmonised questions have been developed as the recommended approach for capturing data on agency working. The use of the questions remains optional for survey teams with no obligation to adopt them when felt not to be appropriate. IF (EMPLOYEE) WHETHER PAID BY ORGANISATION OR COMPANY WORKED FOR

– May I just check, were you being paid for that work…

1. by the organisation or company you actually did the work for, 2. or by a different organisation or company?

IF (SELF-EMPLOYED) SELF-EMPLOYED STATUS

– May I just check, were you…

1. paid a salary or a wage by an employment agency? 2. a sole director of your own limited business? 3. running a business or a professional practice? 4. a partner in a business or a professional practice? 5. working for yourself? 6. a sub-contractor? 7. or doing free-lance work? 8. none of the above. or was there some way that it was not permanent?

Interviewer instructions: Code all that apply IF (EMPLOYEE) JOB PERMANENT OR NOT PERMANENT

– Leaving aside your own personal intentions and circumstances, was your job…

1. a permanent job, 2. or was there some way that it was not permanent?

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IF (EMPLOYEE) AND (JOB NOT PERMANENT) REASON WHY JOB NOT PERMANENT

– In what way was the job not permanent, was it…

1. working for an employment agency, 2. casual type of work, 3. seasonal work, 4. done under contract for a fixed period or for a fixed task, 5. or was there some other way that it was not permanent?

IF (EMPLOYEE) AND (JOB PERMANENT) AGENCY WORKING

– Were you working as an agency worker, that is, employed through an employment agency? 1. Yes 2. No

Agency Workers Outputs There are no recommended outputs for Agency Working, the above questions simply allow for agency workers to be identified and estimated.

B Benefits/Tax Credits Inputs The questions on state benefits ask about benefits that are currently received, and ask respondents if they receive benefits in their own right, that is, in their own name. Note: This is an topic which is subject to frequent changes, so users are urged to check the latest position on the Harmonisation website. IF AGE >= 16 BENEFITS

– Looking at this card, are you at present receiving any of these benefits in your own right: that is, where you are the named recipient?

SHOW CARD

1. Child Benefit 2. Guardian’s Allowance 3. Carer’s Allowance 4. Retirement Pension (National Insurance), or Old Person’s Pension 5. Widow’s Pension, Bereavement Allowance or Widowed Parent’s (formerly Widowed Mother's)

Allowance 6. War Disablement Pension or War Widow's/Widower’s Pension (and any related allowances). 7. Severe Disablement Allowance 8. None of these

Interviewer instructions: Child Benefit: This benefit is received for each child under 16 and for any child aged 16-18 still in full-time further (but not higher) education. It is usually (but not necessarily) paid to the child’s mother. It is not paid for foster children. There are three rates: higher rate for the only, elder or eldest child ‘LP’ rate for the only, elder or eldest child of a lone parent lower rate for subsequent children The ‘LP’ rate incorporates an additional element to replace One Parent Benefit, which was abolished from April 1997. Since July 1998 it has not been available to new claimants.

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Guardian's Allowance: This is a weekly payment for someone who takes an orphan into the family. In exceptional circumstances this may be paid if one of the child's parents is still alive but cannot care for the child. Carer’s Allowance (formerly Invalid Care Allowance): This is a weekly paid benefit to those spending at least 35 hours a week caring for a severely disabled person. They must not earn more than £95 per week after deduction of allowable expenses, or be in full-time education for more than 21 hours per week. If the disabled person dies, Carer's Allowance will continue for up to eight weeks. It should be coded to the person doing the caring. Retirement Pension: This is a taxable weekly benefit for women on reaching 60 and men on reaching 65. The basic pension rate is the same for men, women who have paid their own N.I contributions at the standard rate, and for widows on their husband's N.I contributions. Married women who are not entitled to a pension on their own contributions may receive a pension on their husband's contributions. Those who have paid N.I contributions as an employee after April 1978 may also receive an additional earnings related pension. Those who have been in a contracted-out occupational pension scheme may receive a guaranteed minimum pension, which is the minimum amount that must be paid under such a scheme. Guaranteed minimum pension is also known as contracted-out deduction. Those who decide not to claim their pension on reaching retirement age can earn additional pension increments. Old Person's Pension or Over 80s Pension: This is for those people aged 80 or over who are entitled to State Retirement Pension of less than the amount payable on a spouse's contributions, or to none at all. Widow's Pension For those respondents widowed after April 2001, Widow’s Pension will no longer be payable (replaced by Bereavement Allowance). However, existing widows will continue to receive it. Widow’s Pension is a weekly benefit for women aged 45 and over (or 40 and over if widowed before April 1988) paid when their husband died or when their Widowed Mother's Allowance ends. Widows over 60 may opt to keep receiving Widow’s Pension until they are 65, instead of Retirement Pension. Include Industrial Widow’s Pension: paid to widows of those who died as a result of an accident at work or a prescribed disease. Widowed Mother's Allowance Was a weekly benefit for widows of any age who have at least one child for whom they get Child Benefit. This was discontinued in April 2001 and replaced with Widowed Parent’s Allowance. Widowed Parent’s Allowance Replaced Widowed Mother’s Allowance in April 2001. Widowed Parent’s Allowance extends the benefit to fathers as well as mothers. Payments to widowed fathers will be retrospective in the sense that although payments will only start from April 2001, they will be paid to both existing and new widowed fathers with dependent children. As with the redundant Widowed Mother’s Allowance, there will be both basic and Second State Pension (formerly SERPS now S2P) elements payable, and additions for each dependent child. Bereavement Allowance For those widowed after April 2001, Widow’s Pension will no longer be payable. Instead, there will be a new benefit called Bereavement Allowance. This is time limited and is paid for one year only. In addition the State Second Pension (formerly SERPS now S2P) element will no longer be payable. Bereavement Allowance will be payable to both widows and widowers who are aged 45 and over, and there will continue to be an age related scale for those widowed aged 45-55. All these benefits are contributory, taxable and subject to normal income related benefits rules, and are paid on the basis of the contributions of the deceased spouse.

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Note that Bereavement Payment (formerly Widow's Payment) should not be included here; it is a lump sum payment and there is a code for it at the later question on lump sum state benefits. On 2 April 2002 the War Pensions Agency was renamed the 'Veterans Agency.' This agency now administers pensions to armed forces/ex-armed forces personnel and their dependents. War Disablement Pension Is payable to people disabled as a result of service in the Armed Forces during the First World War or at any time since 1939. The amount received depends on severity of disablement and rank. War Widow's/Widower's Pension is payable to widow/ers and children of someone killed in the Armed Forces or who died as a result of injury sustained in the Armed Forces. Severe Disablement Allowance: May be received by people of working age who have been unable to work for 28 weeks or more because of illness or disablement, but cannot get Incapacity Benefit because they have not paid enough NI contributions. Edits: – RESPONDENT IS A WOMAN WITH DEPENDENT CHILD(REN), YET HAS NOT BEEN RECORDED AS RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT. Soft check – RESPONDENT IS A SINGLE MAN WITH DEPENDENT CHILD(REN), YET HAS NOT BEEN RECORDED AS RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT. Soft check

– TO RECEIVE THIS BENEFIT ( CHILD BENEFIT ) THERE SHOULD NORMALLY BE AT LEAST ONE CHILD IN THE HOUSEHOLD. Soft check – RESPONDENT IS A MAN LIVING WITH SPOUSE/PARTNER RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT. NORMALLY THE MOTHER RECEIVES THE CHILD BENEFIT. Soft check – YOU HAVE SAID THIS PERSON RECEIVES BOTH RETIREMENT PENSION/ OLD PERSON’S PENSION AND A WIDOW’S PENSION. ARE YOU SURE THAT IS RIGHT? Soft check – RESPONDENT IS OVER 65 (MALE) AND 60 (FEMALE) AND YET THERE IS NO N.I RETIREMENT PENSION (OR WIDOW’S BENEFIT) OR OLD PERSON’S PENSION RECORDED FOR HIM/HER. Soft check – THE RESPONDENT IS AGED BELOW 65 (MALE) OR BELOW 60 (FEMALE) AND IS RECORDED AS RECEIVING N.I RETIREMENT PENSION OR OLD PERSON’S PENSION. Soft check – THE RESPONDENT IS RECORDED RECEIVING A WIDOW’S BENEFIT, BUT IS NOT CODED AS A WIDOW IN THE HOUSEHOLD GRID. Soft check – THE RESPONDENT IS RECORDED AS RECEIVING SEVERE DISABLEMENT ALLOWANCE, BUT IS NOT RECORDED AS BEING OUT OF WORK. Soft check – YOU CAN’T GET GUARDIAN’S ALLOWANCE UNLESS ALSO CLAIMING CHILD BENEFIT. Hard check – IT IS UNUSUAL FOR MEN TO RECEIVE WIDOW’S BENEFITS. PLEASE CHECK THIS IS CORRECT. Soft check

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– IF A FATHER WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN IS RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT WITH A MOTHER PRESENT “RESPONDENT IS A FATHER RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT. NORMALLY THE MOTHER RECEIVES THE CHILD BENEFIT. PLEASE CHECK WHETHER YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT. /IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.” – IF A WOMAN WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN IS NOT RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT “RESPONDENT IS A WOMAN WITH DEPENDENT CHILD(REN), YET HAS NOT BEEN RECORDED AS RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT. PLEASE CHECK WHETHER THIS IS CORRECT. IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.” – IF A MAN WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN IS NOT RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT “RESPONDENT IS A MAN WITH DEPENDENT CHILD(REN), YET HAS NOT BEEN RECORDED AS RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT. PLEASE CHECK WHETHER THIS IS CORRECT. IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.” – IF THERE ARE NO DEPENDENT CHILDREN IN THE BENEFIT UNIT BUT RECEIVING CHILD BENEFIT “TO RECEIVE THIS BENEFIT THERE SHOULD NORMALLY BE AT LEAST ONE DEPENDENT CHILD IN THE BENEFIT UNIT. PLEASE CHECK WHETHER YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT. IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.” – IF CARER’S ALLOWANCE IS RECEIVED WHILE IN FULL TIME EDUCATION “YOU CANNOT NORMALLY RECEIVE CARER’S ALLOWANCE WHILE YOU ARE IN FULL TIME EDUCATION. PLEASE CHECK THAT YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT. IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.” – IF NOT RECEIVING RETIREMENT PENSION OR BEREAVEMENT BENEFITS BUT OVER STATE RETIREMENT AGE “RESPONDENT IS OVER 65 (MALE) OR 60 (FEMALE) AND YET THERE IS NO NI RETIREMENT PENSION (OR WIDOW’S PENSION/BEREAVEMENT ALLOWANCE) OR OLD PERSON’S PENSION RECORDED FOR HIM/HER. PLEASE CHECK WHETHER YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT. IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.” – IF RECEIVING RETIREMENT PENSION BUT UNDER STATE PENSION AGE “THE RESPONDENT IS AGED BELOW 65 (MALE) OR BELOW 60 (FEMALE) AND IS RECORDED AS RECEIVING N.I. RETIREMENT PENSION OR OLD PERSON’S PENSION. PLEASE CHECK WHETHER YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT. @/IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.” – IF WORK BUT RECEIVING SEVERE DISABLEMENT ALLOWANCE “THE RESPONDENT IS RECORDED AS RECEIVING SEVERE DISABLEMENT ALLOWANCE, BUT IS NOT RECORDED AS BEING OUT OF WORK. PLEASE CHECK WHETHER YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT.@/IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.” – IF HAS GUARDIAN’S ALLOWANCE BUT NO CHILD BENEFIT “YOU CAN’T GET GUARDIAN’S ALLOWANCE UNLESS ALSO CLAIMING CHILD BENEFIT.”

IF AGE >= 16 STATE BENEFITS

– And looking at this card, are you at present receiving any of the state benefits shown on this card - either in your own right, or on behalf of someone else in the household?

SHOW CARD 1. CARE COMPONENT of Disability Living Allowance 2. MOBILITY COMPONENT of Disability Living Allowance 3. Attendance Allowance 4. None of these

IF RECEIVING ATTENDANCE ALLOWANCE ATTENDANCE ALLOWANCE

– Is this Attendance Allowance paid as part of your [Retirement Pension / Widow's Pension / Bereavement Allowance / Widowed Mother's Allowance / Widowed Parent's Allowance] or do you receive it separately?

1. Paid as part of pension 2. Separate payment

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Interviewer instructions: Disability Living Allowance: Has two components and is directed at the care needs and mobility needs of disabled people of working age and below. The care component has three rates and has replaced Attendance Allowance for those under retirement age. The mobility component has replaced the old Mobility Allowance, and has two rates, the higher one being for those unable to walk or severely restricted. Motability is a registered charity through which those who receive the higher rate of Disability Living Allowance mobility component may hire or purchase a car at a reduced rate. Either part or the whole of the allowance is paid to Motability. The full amount received including any paid direct to Motability should be recorded. If the amount entered is after deducting money paid direct to Motability, a check will trigger. Please enter the amount of the higher rate as displayed in the check. Attendance Allowance: Is a benefit for people disabled at or after age 65 who live at home and need looking after because of their physical or mental disablement. Attendance Allowance is not related to any income, savings or NI contributions and can be paid in conjunction with other benefits including Income Support. There are two rates – a lower one for people who need looking after by day or night, and a higher one for people who need looking after by day and night. Attendance Allowance for those disabled before they were 65 was replaced in April 1992 by Disability Living Allowance (Care component).

Edits: – THE UPPER AGE LIMIT FOR CLAIMING DLA MOBILITY IS UNDER 65. ONCE DLA MOBILITY IS AWARDED, IT CAN BE PAID BEYOND THE AGE OF 65. Soft check – THE RESPONDENT IS RECORDED AS RECEIVING ATTENDANCE ALLOWANCE BUT IS NOT 65 OR OLDER. Soft check

– IF RECEIVE DLA (CARE) OR DLA (MOBILITY) BUT NO LONGSTANDING HEALTH PROBLEMS “DOES THE RESPONDENT REALLY MEAN DISABILITY LIVING ALLOWANCE? EARLIER THEY SAID THEY HAD NO LONG-STANDING ILLNESS OR DISABILITY.”

– IF RECEIVE ATTENDENCE ALLOWANCE BUT NOT OVER 65 “THE RESPONDENT IS RECORDED AS RECEIVING ATTENDANCE ALLOWANCE, BUT IS NOT 65 OR OLDER. PLEASE CHECK WHETHER YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT. IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.”

IF AGE >= 16 RECEIVING BENEFITS

– Now looking at this card, are you at present receiving any of these benefits in your own right: that is where you are the named recipient?

SHOW CARD

1. Jobseeker's Allowance 2. Pension Credit 3. Income Support 4. Incapacity Benefit 5. Employment and Support Allowance (from October 2008) 6. Maternity Allowance 7. Industrial Injury Disablement Benefit 8. (None of these)

Interviewer instructions: Jobseeker’s Allowance (JSA) From October 1996 Jobseeker’s Allowance replaced Unemployment Benefit (UB) and Income Support (IS) for unemployed people (i.e. people actively seeking work but who weren’t eligible for Unemployment Benefit). Recipients of those benefits were automatically transferred to JSA. The basic rules for receipt of JSA are that the claimant must be out of work or working less than 16 hours a week; be capable of work, available for work (usually of at least 40 hours a week) and actively seeking work; have a Jobseeker’s Agreement with the Employment Service; be aged 18 or over and under state pension age; and any studying must only be part-time.

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There are two types of JSA: Contribution-based, which is dependent on the claimant having paid enough Class 1 National Insurance contributions in the previous two years. (Those who formally received Unemployment Benefit were transferred to this type of JSA.) It is payable for up to six months. Income-based, which is dependent on the level of the claimant’s income or savings. (Those who received Income Support as an unemployed person were transferred to this type of JSA.) Only one type may be awarded at a time. Once the maximum time on contribution-based JSA has passed, the claim will be reviewed to see if the person is eligible for income-based JSA. A claimant who satisfies the contribution conditions but whose income does not meet their needs will be awarded income-based JSA, which will include an element based on their contribution record. It is not possible to receive JSA and Income Support simultaneously. There are fixed age-related rates for the allowance. For income-based JSA only, the claimant may get extra for an adult dependant and various other premiums. Payment is made direct to a bank account. Small amounts may be earnt from part-time work before affecting the benefit, the maximum that can be earned varying from £5 to £20 a week depending on which type of JSA is received, marital status, the number of hours worked by a partner, dependent children and other criteria. Income Support (replaced by Employment and Support Allowance for new claimants after October 2008) Income Support is for people aged 16 or over whose income is below a certain level. To get Income Support you must be: sick or disabled OR a lone parent or foster parent OR getting Carer’s Allowance for looking after someone You cannot get Income Support if you work for 16 hours a week or more on average (or if your partner works for 24 hours a week or more on average). Income Support can be paid to top up other benefits, or earnings from part-time work, or if there is no money coming in at all. The amount depends on age, whether the person has a partner, dependent children, whether anyone has a disability, weekly income and savings. The savings limit for the claimant (and partner if any) is £16,000. Pension Credit (formerly Minimum Income Guarantee) From October 2003 the Minimum Income Guarantee (MIG) will be replaced by a new Pension Credit that will be administered by the Pensions Service (formerly the Benefits Agency). Note: The age from which you can get the Guarantee Credit – the qualifying age – is gradually increasing from 60 to 65 between April 2010 and 2020 There are two main elements to Pension Credit: 1. The Guarantee Credit. This is the minimum amount a pensioner can be expected to live on (approximately £132.60 per week for a single person and £202.40 for a couple). There will be additional amounts for owner occupier's housing costs, for disability and for caring responsibilities. 2. The Saving Credit. This is available only to pensioners aged 65 and over and aims to reward those who have made provision for their retirement over and above the state pension. The Savings Credit will give pensioners 60 pence for every £1 of income they have from second pensions, annuities, or savings up to a maximum amount in the region of £20.52 per week for a single person or £27.09 per week for a couple. Where a pensioner's income exceeds the level of the Guarantee Credit, every excess pound will reduce the savings credit by 40 pence. The Pension Credit is designed to be less intrusive than the MIG in that, apart from major changes to personal circumstances, people aged 65 and over will not have to report changes in their circumstances for up to five years at a time. However if their income drops, they can ask for their Pension Credit to be increased.

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Incapacity Benefit (replaced by Employment and Support Allowance for new claimants after October 2008): Incapacity Benefit is paid to people who have been medically assessed as incapable of working and who cannot get Statutory Sick Pay from their employer. If a person is/was receiving Statutory Sick Pay, Incapacity Benefit replaces it after 28 weeks. It is a contributory benefit; it is not means-tested. There are three basic rates: short term lower rate for the first 28 weeks of sickness; short term higher rate for weeks 29-52; long term rate from week 53. Extra benefit may be paid for dependent adults and children. For new claimants, entitlement ends at state pension age.

Employment and Support Allowance (from October 2008)

Employment and Support Allowance replaced Incapacity Benefit and Income Support paid on grounds of incapacity for new customers (unless linking rules apply), and will be the main working age benefit for people with health conditions and disabilities. ESA will help people who are not working because of ill-health or disability to move towards the workplace and will provide support for people for whom the prospect of work is unrealistic even in the long term.

From 2008, when a new customer applies for ESA they will enter a 13-week assessment phase, during which their functional capacity will be assessed to determine their entitlement. This is called the Personal Capability Assessment (PCA). The PCA includes a medical assessment and a work focused health related assessment.

While this is happening, the customer will receive ESA payments, subject to the relevant contribution conditions and/or income tests (the amount for those claiming the income related element will also depend on whether they have a partner). These payments are expected to be set at the same rate as the JSA personal allowances for people who are aged 25 or over. Unlike existing benefits that increase over time, rewarding the customer for the longevity of the claim, there will be no long-term rate in ESA.

Maternity Allowance: May be paid to those women who are not entitled to Statutory Maternity Pay, for 39 weeks, starting from the eleventh week before the baby is due. Industrial Injury Disablement Benefit: This is for those disabled as a result of an accident at work or as a result of a prescribed industrial disease. It can be received even if the recipient continues/returns to work.

Edits: – RESPONDENT IS CODED AS WORKING AND RECEIVING JSA.TACTFULLY QUERY WITH RESPONDENT WHETHER HE/SHE IS WORKING OR UNEMPLOYED. Soft check

– RESPONDENT IS CODED AS WORKING MORE THAN 15 HOURS PER WEEK AND RECEIVING JSA. TACTFULLY QUERY WITH RESPONDENT – PEOPLE RECEIVING JSA CAN ONLY WORK 15 HOURS PER WEEK (ON AVERAGE). ARE THEY RECEIVING SOME OTHER BENEFIT, OR USUALLY WORKING FEWER HOURS? Soft check

– RESPONDENT SAYS HE/SHE IS CURRENTLY RECEIVING BOTH JSA AND INCOME SUPPORT. THIS IS NOT NORMALLY POSSIBLE. Soft check

– RESPONDENT SAYS HE/SHE IS CURRENTLY RECEIVING BOTH INCAPACITY BENEFIT AND RETIREMENT PENSION. THIS IS NOT NORMALLY POSSIBLE. Soft check

– RESPONDENT SAYS HE/SHE IS CURRENTLY RECEIVING BOTH STATUTORY SICK PAY AND INCAPACITY BENEFIT. THIS IS NOT NORMALLY POSSIBLE. Soft check

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– RESPONDENT SAYS HE/SHE IS CURRENTLY RECEIVING BOTH INCAPACITY BENEFIT AND SEVERE DISABLEMENT ALLOWANCE. THIS IS NOT NORMALLY POSSIBLE. Soft check

– RESPONDENT SAYS HE/SHE IS CURRENTLY RECEIVING INCAPACITY BENEFIT WHILE BEING EMPLOYED. Soft check

– NORMALLY BOTH PARTNERS CANNOT RECEIVE INCOME SUPPORT AT THE SAME TIME. Soft check

– IF WORKING MORE THAN 16 HOURS A WEEK BUT RECEIVING JSA “RESPONDENT IS CODED AS WORKING MORE THAN 16 HOURS A WEEK AND RECEIVING JOBSEEKER’S ALLOWANCE. TACTFULLY CHECK THIS. (JSA IS NOT NORMALLY PAYABLE IN THIS SITUATION.)”

– IF LOOKING FOR WORK AND RECEIVING INCOME SUPPORT “ARE YOU SURE? PEOPLE WHO ARE LOOKING FOR WORK (RECORDED EARLIER) WOULD NORMALLY BE RECEIVING JOBSEEKER’S ALLOWANCE, NOT INCOME SUPPORT.”

– IF WORKING AND RECEIVING INCAPACITY BENEFIT “RESPONDENT SAYS HE/SHE IS CURRENTLY RECEIVING INCAPACITY BENEFIT WHILST BEING EMPLOYED. THIS IS NOT NORMALLY POSSIBLE. PLEASE CHECK THAT YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT. IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.”

– IF RECEIVING INCAPACITY BENEFIT AND RETIREMENT PENSION “RESPONDENT SAYS HE/SHE IS CURRENTLY RECEIVING BOTH INCAPACITY BENEFIT AND RETIREMENT PENSION. THIS IS NOT NORMALLY POSSIBLE. PLEASE CHECK THAT YOUR ANSWER IS CORRECT. @/IF SO, EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.”

– IF RECEIVING INCAPACITY BENEFIT AND RETIREMENT PENSION “RESPONDENT IS CODED AS CURRENTLY GETTING BOTH INCAPACITY BENEFIT AND SEVERE DISABLEMENT ALLOWANCE: BUT IT IS NOT NORMALLY POSSIBLE TO GET BOTH AT THE SAME TIME. PLEASE CHECK.”

– IF RECEIVING MATERNITY ALLOWANCE AND STATUTORY MATERNITY PAY “YOU CANNOT NORMALLY BE CLAIMING MATERNITY ALLOWANCE AND STATUTORY MATERNITY PAY AT THE SAME TIME. PLEASE AMEND YOUR ANSWER, OR EXPLAIN CIRCUMSTANCES IN A NOTE.”

– IF BOTH PARTNERS RECEIVING INCOME SUPPORT “NORMALLY BOTH PARTNERS CANNOT RECEIVE INCOME SUPPORT AT THE SAME TIME. PLEASE AMEND YOUR ANSWERS, OR EXPLAIN IN A NOTE.”

– IF PENSION CREDIT RECEIVED WHEN UNDER 60 “PENSION CREDIT IS ONLY AVAILABLE TO THOSE AGED 60 AND OVER.”

– IF RECEIVE BOTH INCOME SUPPORT AND PENSION CREDIT “IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO RECEIVE PENSION CREDIT AND INCOME SUPPORT AT THE SAME TIME. ENTER PENSION CREDIT AS IF PAYMENT HAS BEEN RECEIVED AND REMOVE INCOME SUPPORT.”

– IF RECEIVE INCOME SUPPORT AND OVER 60 “ARE YOU SURE? FROM OCTOBER 2003 MIG IS BEING REPLACED BY PENSION CREDIT. ARE YOU SURE YOU ARE STILL IN RECEIPT OF MIG? INTERVIEWER: RESPONDENT MAY STILL BE IN RECEIPT OF IS / MIG IN OCTOBER 2003. IF SO SUPPRESS CHECK AND ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT MIG.” (RE-WORDING TO CHECK NEEDS TO BE AGREED)

– IF BOTH PARTNERS RECEIVE INCOME SUPPORT “NORMALLY BOTH PARTNERS CANNOT RECEIVE PENSION CREDIT AT THE SAME TIME. PLEASE AMEND YOUR ANSWERS OR EXPLAIN IN A NOTE.”

– IF RECEIVE BOTH JSA AND INCOME SUPPORT “PLEASE CHECK: YOU CANNOT NORMALLY RECEIVE BOTH JOBSEEKER’S ALLOWANCE AND INCOME SUPPORT AT THE SAME TIME. IF CORRECT, SUPPRESS THIS WARNING AND EXPLAIN THE REASON IN A NOTE.”

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IF AGE >=16 TAX CREDITS

– Now looking at this card, are you at present receiving any of these Tax Credits, in your own right? Please include any lump sum payments under £105 received since April 2010.

SHOW CARD 1. Working Tax Credit (excluding any childcare tax credit) 2. Child Tax Credit (including any childcare tax credit) 3. (None of these) Interviewer instructions: From 6 April 2003, the existing tax credits will be replaced by two new tax credits: Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit. These tax credits will replace Children's Tax Credit, Working Families' Tax Credit (WFTC), Disabled Person's Tax Credit (DPTC), the money for children in Income Support and income-based Jobseeker's Allowance, and the New Deal 50+ Employment Credit. Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit are being introduced to improve the way the Government supports families with children and working people on low incomes.

Child Tax Credit: Child Tax Credit is a payment to support families with children. Parents can claim Child Tax Credit if they are responsible for one or more children, and do not have to be working. Child Tax Credit will provide support for any child up until their 16th birthday, or a young person aged 16-18 years who is either in full time non-advanced education or has left full time education but does not have a job (providing they are not claiming income support or tax credits in their own right). The awarding of Child Tax Credit will not affect a respondent's right to Child Benefit. Families will still be able to claim Child Benefit as they do now and it will continue to be paid as a separate payment. Child Tax Credit will be paid directly to the person who has main responsibility for caring for the children in the family (into a bank or building society account). The recipient can choose whether to receive the payments weekly or every four weeks. If the respondent qualifies for Employment Support Allowance, formerly Income Support or income-based Jobseeker's Allowance, they will be entitled to the maximum amount of Child Credit for their children. Working Tax Credit: Working Tax Credit is a payment to top up the earnings of working people on low incomes, including those who do not have children. There are extra credits for those recipients in working households where someone has a disability. Working Tax Credit is available to employees and the self-employed, and includes support for the costs of qualifying childcare. People who are responsible for a child or young person can claim Working Tax Credit if they are aged 16 or over and work at least 16 hours per week. People without children can claim Working Tax Credit if they are i) aged 25 or over and work at least 30 hours a week; ii) aged 16 or over, work at least 16 hours a week and have a disability which puts them at a disadvantage in securing employment; or iii) either the claimant or their partner are aged 50 or more, work at least 16 hours per week and are returning to work after time spent on qualifying out-of-work benefits. Working Tax Credit is paid in addition to any Child Tax Credit the recipient may be entitled to and is based on the number of hours normally worked and income (joint income for couples). If the recipient is employed, the employer will usually pay any Working Tax Credit through the payroll. If the recipient is self-employed, the payment of the credit will be made directly to them (through a bank, building society, or post office account) in a similar manner as a benefit payment. If the respondents are part of a couple that both work at least 16 hours per week, they can decide who will receive the payments of Working Tax Credit. Working Tax Credit also makes an allowance for extra financial help towards the costs of approved or registered child care. This is known as the child care element within Working Tax Credit. Respondents will only be entitled to this if they are working at least 16 hours per week. If a respondent is eligible to receive the child care element of Working Tax Credit, this will always be paid to the person who is mainly responsible for caring for the child or children, and will form part of their payment of Child Tax Credit (i.e., it is not paid as an element of Working Tax Credit).

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Edits: Soft Checks

– IF TAXCRED = WTC, BUT NO CHILD UNDER 19 IN HOUSEHOLD AND NO ADULT AGED 25 AND OVER WORKING FOR 30 OR MORE HOURS PER WEEK:

- WORKING TAX CREDIT IS NORMALLY ONLY PAID TO HOUSEHOLDS WITHOUT CHILDREN IF THERE IS AN ADULT IN THE HOUSEHOLD WHO IS AGED AT LEAST 25 AND WORKING FOR 30 OR MORE HOURS PER WEEK. CHECK IF THE RESPONDENT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR A CHILD UNDER 19 WHO IS NOT HERE? OR IF THERE IS AN ADULT IN THE HOUSEHOLD WHO IS DISABLED AND IS EITHER WORKING FOR AT LEAST 16 HOURS PER WEEK OR IS EXPECTING TO START WORK IN THE NEXT 7 DAYS INTERVIEWER: IF NO SUCH ADULT BUT RECEIVED WTC SUPPRESS AND MAKE A NOTE.

– IF TAXCRED = WTC, AND THERE IS A CHILD AGED UNDER 19 IN THE HOUSEHOLD BUT NO ADULT WHO WORKS FOR 16+ HOURS PER WEEK:

- WORKING TAX CREDIT IS NORMALLY ONLY PAID IF THERE IS AN ADULT IN THE HOUSEHOLD WORKING FOR 16 OR MORE HOURS PER WEEK. PLEASE CHECK: IS THERE AN ADULT EXPECTING TO START WORK WITHIN SEVEN DAYS? INTERVIEWER: IF NO SUCH ADULT BUT RECEIVED WTC SUPPRESS AND MAKE A NOTE.

– IF TAXCRED = CTC, BUT NO CHILD AGED UNDER 19 IN HOUSEHOLD:

- CHILD TAX CREDIT IS NORMALLY ONLY PAID IF THERE IS A CHILD AGED UNDER 19 IN THE HOUSEHOLD. PLEASE CHECK: IF RESPONDENT HAD A CHILD FOR WHOM THEY ARE RESPONSIBLE BUT WHO IS NOT HERE AT PRESENT?

– IF HOUSEHOLD WITHOUT CHILDREN AND NO ONE IN HOUSEHOLD IS OLDER THAN 25 OR NO ONE WORKING AT LEAST 30 HOURS A WEEK AND RECEIVING WTC “WORKING TAX CREDIT IS NORMALLY ONLY PAID TO HOUSEHOLDS WITHOUT CHILDREN IF THERE IS AN ADULT IN THE HOUSEHOLD WHO IS AGED AT LEAST 25 AND WORKING FOR 30 OR MORE HOURS PER WEEK. CHECK IS THE RESPONDENT RESPONSIBLE FOR A CHILD UNDER 19 WHO IS NOT HERE? OR IF THERE IS AN ADULT IN THE HOUSEHOLD WHO IS DISABLED AND IS EITHER WORKING FOR AT LEAST 16 HOURS PER WEEK OR IS EXPECTING TO START WORK IN THE NEXT SEVEN DAYS? INTERVIEWER: IF NO SUCH ADULT BUT RECEIVED WTC SUPPRESS AND MAKE A NOTE.”

– IF NO ONE IN HOUSEHOLD IS WORKING FOR 16 HOURS A WEEK OR MORE “WORKING TAX CREDIT IS NORMALLY ONLY PAID IF THERE IS AN ADULT IN THE HOUSEHOLD WORKING FOR 16 OR MORE HOURS PER WEEK. PLEASE CHECK: IS THERE AN ADULT EXPECTING TO START WORK WITHIN SEVEN DAYS? INTERVIEWER: IF NO SUCH ADULT BUT RECEIVED WTC SUPPRESS AND MAKE A NOTE.”

– IF BOTH PARTNERS ARE RECEIVING WTC “BOTH PARTNERS IN A BENEFIT UNIT CANNOT RECEIVE WTC AT THE SAME TIME AS EACH OTHER.”

– IF BOTH PARTNERS ARE RECEIVING CTC “BOTH PARTNERS IN A BENEFIT UNIT CANNOT RECEIVE CTC AT THE SAME TIME AS EACH OTHER.”

– IF CTC RECEIVED BUT NO CHILD IN HOUSEHOLD “CHILD TAX CREDIT IS NORMALLY ONLY PAID IF THERE IS A CHILD IN THE HOUSEHOLD. DID YOU HAVE A CHILD IN THE HOUSEHOLD WHO WAS UNDER 16 IN APRIL 2005, OR DO YOU HAVE A CHILD WHO NORMALLY STAYS WITH YOU BUT IS NOT HERE AT PRESENT? INTERVIEWER: IF NO CHILD BUT RECEIVED CTC, SUPPRESS AND MAKE A NOTE.”

INCLUSIONS IN LAST WAGE/SALARY

– Did your last wage/salary include any of the items on this card? CODE ALL THAT APPLY SHOW CARD

1. Statutory Sick Pay 2. Statutory Maternity Pay 3. Statutory Paternity Pay 4. Statutory Adoption Pay 5. Income Tax Refund 6. Mileage Allowance or fixed allowance for motoring 7. Motoring Expenses Refund

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8. Tax Credit 9. None of these

Interviewer Instructions:

Statutory Sick Pay - is received by employees from their employer for the first 28 weeks of sickness in a tax year. After this period, they may receive Employment and Support Allowance, formerly incapacity Benefit. The payment is subject to various conditions including length of service. Note that SSP is only payable from the fourth day of absence from work – do not include any pay that is received from an employer before a respondent is eligible for SSP. Statutory Maternity Pay - lasts up to 39 weeks. The first six weeks are paid at 90 per cent of the respondents average weekly earnings (normally based on two months’ earnings). The remaining 33 weeks will either be at a rate of £124.88 a week , or 90 per cent of the respondents’ average earnings if smaller (normally based on two months’ earnings).

Statutory Paternity Pay - is available to fathers, or adopter of child or mother’s husband, partner or civil partner or have to expect to have responsibility for the child’s upbringing of children born on or after 6 April 2003. It has 2 week duration and entitlement cannot be established until the baby has been born. Payment for the 2 weeks will either be at a rate of £124.88 a week, or 90 per cent of the respondents’ average earnings if smaller (normally based on two months’ earnings).

Statutory Adoption Pay - become available on 6 April 2003 to parents of adopted children. It has 39 week duration and entitlement cannot be established until the baby has been born. Payment for the 26 weeks will be either be at a rate of £124.88 a week , or 90 per cent of the respondents’ average earnings if smaller (normally based on two months’ earnings).

Income Tax Refund - If the amount of a tax refund received is more than the PAYE in that pay period, the amount for PAYE will normally be shown as 0 on the payslip. The remaining amount of the tax refund payment will be shown separately – enter this as the tax refund and open a note to explain the situation. If the amount of a tax refund received is less than the PAYE in that pay period, the PAYE will be reduced by the amount of the refund. There may be no other indication that a tax refund was received and the amount of the tax refund may not be shown. If the respondent mentions that a refund was included, but doesn’t know how much it was, open a note to explain that the PAYE was reduced for this reason and any other information which can be given. The figure for net pay will include the tax refund, but the figure for gross pay will not include it - it only includes earnings. Mileage Allowance or fixed allowance for motoring - is a specified amount paid for each mile the vehicle is used (e.g. 25p per mile). The mileage will vary from week to week. Fixed allowance is a specified set amount per week or month etc, paid regardless of the amount the vehicle is used/number of miles travelled. Motoring Expenses Refund - covers such items as parking fees, repairs etc.

Edits: - IF STATUTORY SICK PAY “ARE YOU SURE? INTERVIEWER: PLEASE CHECK THAT RESPONDENT WAS CONTINUOUSLY OFF SICK FOR AT LEAST FOUR DAYS IN THE PAY PERIOD. IF SO, SUPPRESS THIS WARNING. IF NOT, THEY CANNOT RECEIVE STATUTORY SICK PAY”. Soft Check - THE RESPONDENT IS A MAN AND CANNOT HAVE STATUTORY MATERNITY PAY. PLEASE AMEND YOUR CODING - INTERVIEWER: FEMALES CANNOT RECEIVE STATUTORY PATERNITY PAY. PLEASE CHECK YOUR ANSWERS SOCIAL FUNDS

– In the last 12 months, have you received any of the things shown on this card, in your own right?

SHOWCARD NN

1. A grant from the Social Fund for funeral expenses 2. A grant from Social Fund for maternity expenses/Sure Start Maternity Grant 3. A Social Fund loan or Community Care grant 4. None of these

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Interviewer Instructions: Grant from the Social Fund for Funeral Expenses - a lump sum to help cover the cost of a simple funeral to those who receive Income Support, income related Employment and Support Allowance, Pension Credit, Child Tax Credit, Working Tax Credit, Housing Benefit, Council Tax Benefit or income-based Jobseeker's Allowance. Sure Start Maternity Grant - this is administered by the social fund and made to women who receive income support/Employment Support Allowance, income based jobseeker’s allowance and working tax credit. The difference is that the sure start grant will be £500.00. Also to receive the grant the customer has to receive advice from a health professional. The new forms will have a place for the health professional’s signature and the grant will not be awarded without this. The grant will be available from April 2000. In all other ways it is the same as a maternity grant. Community Care Grant from the Social Fund - these are to help people in particular groups, e.g. elderly or disabled people. They must be eligible for Income Support. Awards are discretionary. Social Fund Loans - are repayable interest free loans: - Budgeting Loans are to help spreads the cost of budgeting for items such as a cooker, a bed. Applicants must have been on Income Support/JSA/income related Employment Support Allowance/Pension Credit for at least 26 weeks. Certain criteria must be met. - Crisis Loans are to help people who cannot meet their immediate short-term expenses in an emergency. Awards are discretionary.

LAST 12 MONTHS - FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS

– How much did you get last time? – How long did this cover?

Standard period codes, see Appendix A THE NEXT QUESTION IS ASKED TO ALL IF ONE MEMBER OF THE HOUSEHOLD IS AGED 60 YEARS OR OVER WINTER FUEL PAYMENT

– In the last 12 months have you received a winter fuel payment in your own right? 1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer Instructions: Winter Fuel Payment A one-off payment to help towards winter fuel bills each year. Paid to all households that include someone aged 60 or over who is ordinarily resident in Great Britain. NOT to be confused with cold weather payments which is an award to families who receive Pension Credit, income based Job Seekers Allowance, ESA or have a child under five, when the temperature falls below zero for seven consecutive days.

LAST 12 MONTHS - FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS

– How much did you get last time? – How long did this cover?

Standard period codes, see Appendix A IF AGE >= 16 LAST 6 MONTHS

– In the last 6 months, have you received any of the things shown on this card, in your own right?

SHOW CARD 1. A Back to Work bonus 2. ‘Extended payment’ of Housing Benefit/rent rebate, or Council Tax Benefit (four-week payment

only) 3. Bereavement payment – lump sum 4. Child Maintenance Bonus/Child Maintenance Premium 5. Lone Parent’s Benefit Run-On

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6. Any National Insurance or State Benefit not mentioned earlier 7. Work-Search Premium 8. In-Work credit 9. Return to work payment 10. None of these

Interviewer instructions: Exclude regular payments of Housing Benefit and Council Tax Benefit as these should be recorded on the household questionnaire. Extended Payment of Housing Benefit/Council Tax Benefit: People who leave benefit because they start work or increase their part-time hours or earnings may be eligible for continuation or run-on of Housing Benefit or Council Tax Benefit (or both). They must have been in receipt of JSA(IB) or Income Support/Pension Credit/income related Employment Support Allowance/Incapacity Benefit,/Severe Disablement Allowance for 26 weeks. This extended payment has to be claimed separately from the ‘normal’ Housing benefit/Council Tax Benefit and is added on as four extra weekly payments. It can have been received any time over the past 6 months. Bereavement Payment (formerly Widow’s Payment): A lump sum paid immediately after the spouses’ death provided that he/she had paid enough NI contributions. As the amount received is a fixed rate (£2000) there is no follow up question asking the amount. In addition, a widow or widower may receive Widowed Parent’s Allowance, Bereavement Allowance or Widow's Pension (see earlier question). Child Maintenance Bonus: Child Maintenance Bonus (now phased out and replaced with Child Maintenance Premium) was available to income support, Employment and Support Allowance, Pension Credit and JSA (IB) recipients who have a dependant child. They must also receive child maintenance for that child. While they are on benefit they can accrue a bonus to a maximum of £1000.00. The bonus accrues weekly at the amount of maintenance received to a maximum of £5 per week. The bonus is only payable if the customer comes off benefit to start full time work. It is very similar to the back to work bonus. Child Maintenance Premium: Changes in the way that child maintenance is calculated have resulted in Child Maintenance Bonus being phased out when the reforms take effect. For those who are already getting child maintenance, the amount they can receive will build up until they are transferred to the new system. For those who apply after the new system is introduced (or are transferred to the new system), they will be able to keep up to £10 a week of the maintenance paid for their children. This is called Child Maintenance Premium. Job Grant (replaced Lone Parent’s Benefit Run-On which ceased on 25th October 2004 and Back to work Bonus): May entitle applicants who are starting full time paid work (for at least 5 weeks) and who are leaving Income Support, Job Seeker’s Allowance (Income Based), Employment and Support Allowance, Incapacity Benefit, Severe Disablement Allowance and Pension Credit (or a combination of these benefits) to a one off payment as detailed below:

£100 if you are single or in a couple without children £250 if you are a loan parent or in a couple with children

To be eligible applicants must have been in receipt of the above benefits for more than 26 weeks immediately prior to starting full time work and not have already received a Job Grant for the same 26 week period. Any National Insurance or State benefit not mentioned earlier’: Includes: - Cold weather payment - Earnings Top-Up: being piloted in some areas from October 1996, this may be paid to lower paid people working more than 16 hours a week. The pilot came to an end on 4 October 1999. However, claimants in receipt were allowed to make one renewal claim. No further payment was made after 25 September 2000.

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- Reduced Earnings Allowance: this might be paid to a person disabled as a result of an accident at work or an industrial disease before October 1990, if their earning capacity fell as a consequence. The allowance is tax-free. - any other benefit Work-Search Premium: The Work-Search Premium was introduced into 8 pilot areas to help remove the disincentive of the costs of job search. It is available to lone parents who have been on IS or JSA (IB) for 12 months or more, and who agree to search actively for work. The premium is an award of £20 per week, and is paid in addition to benefit for up to six months of intensive consistent work search activity. In-work Credit: Introduced in tandem with the Work Search Premium in 12 pilot areas. It is available to lone parents who have been on IS or JSA (IB) for 12 months or more, and is payable for the first 12 months in work to encourage and assist lone parents to leave benefits for full-time employment. The credit is worth £40 per week. Return to work Credit: Introduced to reward those recipients who come off benefits to return to work. It is a credit worth £40 per week and is paid to those earning up to £15,000 per annum. Do NOT include the Christmas Bonus paid automatically to recipients of certain benefits in December. It does not need to be recorded anywhere. Edits: – FOR EACH BENEFIT MENTIONED AT THE QUESTIONS ABOVE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ABOUT HOW THE BENEFIT IS PAID ARE ASKED

– IF A SOCIAL FUND GRANT FOR MATERNITY EXPENSES IF RECEIVED BY A MAN “ONLY WOMEN ARE ENTITLED TO A GRANT FROM A SOCIAL FUND FOR MATERNITY EXPENSES.”

– IF BOTH PARTNERS HAVE RECEIVED HB/CTB EXTENDED PAYMENTS “NORMALLY BOTH PARTNERS WILL NOT HAVE RECEIVED HB/CTB EXTENDED PAYMENT. PLEASE CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.”

– IF RECEIVING BEREAVEMENT PAYMENT BUT NOT WIDOWED “THIS PERSON IS NOT CODED IN THE HOUSEHOLD GRID AS BEING WIDOWED. PLEASE CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.”

LAST 6 MONTHS - FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS

– How much did you get last time? – How long did this cover?

Standard period codes, see Appendix A IN RECEIPT OF RETIREMENT PENSION, WIDOW’S PENSION, BEREAVEMENT ALLOWANCE, WIDOWED MOTHER’S ALLOWANCE, WIDOWED PARENT’S ALLOWANCE

– Is this the amount you usually get? – How much do you usually get? – How long does this cover?

Standard period codes, see Appendix B IF IN RECEIPT OF DISABILITY LIVING ALLOWANCE (CARE COMPONENT/MOBILITY COMPONENT) OR ATTENDANCE ALLOWANCE

– Who do you receive it for? IF IN RECEIPT OF WAR DISABLEMENT PENSION OR WAR WIDOW'S PENSION

– Do you receive: 1. War Disablement Pension 2. or War Widow's/Widower’s Pension?

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Annex A Period Codes The periods covered are those most commonly encountered in a range of government social surveys. In particular, they take account of the detailed needs of financial surveys. The codes assigned to the periods have been designed to be as intuitive to the interviewer as possible, taking into account the need to follow an expected ordering and other constraints mentioned below. The benefits of standardisation where interviewers might work on more than one survey are clear. The more common periods which have been assigned non-intuitive codes are: 5 Calendar month; 7 Two calendar months (sometimes used in Scotland). Code 6 has been avoided for "two calendar months" to prevent possible confusion with the idea of "six months". To allow the use of codes in sequence, the periods for 3 months, 6 months and one year have been assigned codes for the appropriate numbers of weeks. As the data are used very widely, the code 0 has been avoided since it may cause minor problems in some software. A period of Less than one week has been placed in the 90s range with answers which do not naturally fall into any particular order. How long did this cover? 1 One week 2 Two weeks 3 Three weeks 4 Four weeks 5 Calendar month 7 Two calendar months 8 Eight times a year 9 Nine times a year 10 Ten times a year 13 Three months/13 weeks 26 Six months/26 weeks 52 One year/12 months/52 weeks 90 Less than one week 95 One off/lump sum 97 None of these (EXPLAIN IN A NOTE)

Benefits/Tax Credits Outputs The categories may be used for a variety of analyses with different units, such as persons, families, benefit units or households. The units should be made clear in published documentation. Users should note that the output classification shown below relies on two sets of inputs: 1) questions asked at a household level about receipt of Housing Benefit and Council Tax Benefit and 2) questions asked of individual adults (shown below) Output Categories: Social Security / Benefits

All in receipt of: Income Support XXXX Pension Credit XXXX Housing Benefit XXXX Council Tax Benefit XXXX Retirement Pension or Old Person's Pension XXXX Jobseeker's Allowance XXXX Incapacity Benefit XXXX Disability Benefits * XXXX

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Child Benefit XXXX Employment and Support Allowance ** XXXX

All in receipt of payable Benefits ## XXXXX Working Tax Credit XXXX Child Tax Credit XXXX

All in receipt of Tax Credits ## XXXXX

All in receipt of Benefits/Tax Credits ##** XXXXXX * Note: Disability Benefits include:

- Attendance Allowance - Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit - Carer’s Allowance# - Disability Living Allowance (Care Component) - Disability Living Allowance (Mobility Component) - Severe Disablement Allowance - War Disablement Pension

** Note: Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) replaces Incapacity Benefit and Income Support paid on grounds of incapacity for new customers from October 2008. For further details please visit; http://www.dwp.gov.uk/welfarereform/

http://www.jobcentreplus.gov.uk/JCP/Customers/WorkingAgeBenefits/Dev_015412.xml.html

Note: Includes all categories above plus: - Guardian’s Allowance - Maternity Allowance - Statutory Maternity Pay - Statutory Paternity Pay - Statutory Adoption Pay - Statutory Sick Pay

-Widow’s or Bereavement Benefits including Widowed Parent's Allowance, Widow's Pension, Bereavement Allowance, War Widow’s Pension and Widowed Mothers Allowance.

-Any other National Insurance or State Benefit.

# Note: Carer’s Allowance is a benefit received by carers, not by the person being cared for. However, for classification purposes it is sensible to include it with Disability Benefits.

## Note: Some units will receive more than one type of benefit, and therefore be included in more

than one category of the table. In addition to or instead of listing the main benefits, for some analyses it may be appropriate to use means-tested and non-means-tested benefits or contributory and non-contributory benefits categories; harmonised categories for these are given below. It may be helpful for databases to include derived variables for these categories. The categories listed here reflect benefits for 2005-06. Output Categories: Means Tested and Non-Means Tested Benefits/Tax Credits All in receipt of:

Means-Tested Benefits * XXXX Non-Means-Tested Benefits ** XXXX Jobseeker's Allowance *** XXXX

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Tax Credits # XXXX

All in receipt of Benefits ## XXXXX *Note: The Means-Tested Benefits are:

- Council Tax Benefit - Housing Benefit - Income Support - Pension Credit - Employment and Support Allowance

** Note: The Non-Means-Tested Benefits are: - Attendance Allowance - Child Benefit - Disability Living Allowance (Care Component)

- Disability Living Allowance (Mobility Component) - Guardian’s Allowance - Incapacity Benefit - Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit - Carer’s Allowance

- Maternity Allowance - Statutory Maternity Pay - Statutory Paternity Pay - Statutory Adoption Pay - Retirement Pension or Old Person’s Pension - Severe Disablement Allowance - Statutory Sick Pay - War Disablement Pension

-Widow’s or Bereavement Benefits including Widowed Parent's Allowance, Widow's Pension, Bereavement Allowance, War Widow’s Pension and Widowed Mothers Allowance.

***Note: The Jobseeker’s Allowance can be either means-tested or non-means-tested and

is not included in either of the above categories. #Note: Includes Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.

##Note: Includes all the categories listed plus any other National Insurance or State Benefit.

Output Categories: Contributory and Non-Contributory Benefits All in receipt of:

Contributory Benefits * XXXX Non-Contributory Benefits** Retirement Pension or Old Person's Pension # XXX Jobseeker's Allowance # XXX All Non-Contributory Benefits XXXX Tax Credits*** XXXX

All in receipt of Benefits/Tax Credits ***## XXXXX

*Note: The Contributory Benefits are: - Incapacity Benefit - Employment and Support Allowance - Maternity Allowance - Statutory Maternity Pay - Statutory Paternity Pay - Statutory Adoption Pay - Statutory Sick Pay

-Widow’s or Bereavement Benefits including Widowed Parent’s Allowance, Widow’s Pension, Bereavement Allowance, Widowed Mothers Allowance but excluding War Widow’s Pension.

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**Note: The Non-Contributory Benefits are: - Attendance Allowance - Child Benefit - Council Tax Benefit - Disability Living Allowance (Care Component)

- Disability Living Allowance (Mobility Component) - Guardian’s Allowance

- Housing Benefit - Income Support

- Employment and Support Allowance - Pension Credit - Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit - Carer’s Allowance - Severe Disablement Benefit - War Disablement Pension - War Widow's Pension ***Note: Includes Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.

#Note: Retirement Pension, Jobseeker’s Allowance and Employment and Support Allowance can be both contributory or non- contributory.

##Note: All categories listed plus any other National Insurance or State Benefits.

C Carers Inputs ASK IN PERSON IF AGE >= 16; ASK BY PROXY IF AGE <16 OR PERSON UNFIT TO RESPOND IN PERSON BASIC CARERS QUESTION

– Do you do any of the things listed on this card for family members, friends, neighbours or others because they have long-term physical or mental ill-health or disability, or problems relating to old age? Please do not count anything you do as part of your paid employment.

1. Yes 2. No

SHOWCARD

1. Keeping an eye out, ‘being there’: Being available if needed Making your whereabouts known so you can be contacted if needed

2. Social support and assistance:

Sitting with Chatting with/listening to/reading to Making/receiving telephone calls to talk to them Encouraging them to do things for themselves

3. Accompanying on trips out to go:

Shopping To hospital/GP/optician/dentist/chiropodist To the park/church/restaurant

4. Home and garden:

Making meals Going shopping for someone Washing/ironing/changing sheets

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Cleaning/housework Gardening Odd jobs/maintenance Lifting/carrying heavy objects

5. Paperwork/official/financial:

Helping with paperwork Dealing with ‘officials’ (including by phone) Paying bills/rents/rates Collecting pension/benefits

6. Medical:

Collecting prescriptions Giving medication Changing dressings

7. Moving about the home: giving help with

Getting up and down stairs Moving from room to room Getting in and out of bed

8. Personal care: help with

Getting dressed Feeding Washing/bathing/using the toilet

IF YES TO BASIC QUESTION LENGTH OF TIME SPENT CARING

– Thinking about all the things you do for anyone else, about how many hours a week do you spend looking after or helping them? Please include any time you spend travelling so that you can do these activities.

1. 0-4 hours a week 2. 5-9 hours a week 3. 10-19 hours a week 4. 20-34 hours a week 5. 35-49 hours a week 6. 50-99 hours a week 7. 100 or more hours a week 8. varies – under 20 hours a week 9. varies – 20 or more hours a week

Carers Outputs Output categories: Carers *

All providing care XXXX All not providing care XXXX

All persons XXXXX

*Note: Caring for family members, friends, neighbours or others.

Characteristics of Those Living in the Household Inputs There should be a single grid covering all persons in the household. The grid should have explicit questions rather than mere headings to denote implicit questions, except in the case of name (or other identifier) and sex, which will often be volunteered or observed. However if it is not volunteered or observed “What is your sex?” should be asked. The grid should contain the following questions:

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The codes for sex and the amendment of the harmonised question from age at time of survey to date of birth are in line with decisions taken at the European Union Workshop on Harmonisation of Survey Variables held in London in November 1996. Surveys imputing day or month of birth where these are not given by the respondent, can do so by a subsequent question for the interviewer if the day or month element of the date of birth is an imputed value, e.g. day = 15; month = 6. If the year of birth is not given, it may be possible to obtain a best-estimate of this key classificatory information by asking about age last birthday and, as a last resort, estimating age (see Interviewer Instruction). For simplicity in routing, age is computed from date of birth; in paper-and-pencil surveys it may be asked, as it was for many years in the Labour Force Survey (and still is, under computer assisted interviewing, as a useful check). NAME ALL PERSONS

– Name or other unique identifier within the household SEX ALL PERSONS

– Sex CODE FIRST THAT APPLIES

1. Male 2. Female

DATE OF BIRTH ALL PERSONS

– What is your date of birth? FOR MONTH NOT GIVEN....ENTER 6 FOR MONTH FOR DAY NOT GIVEN....ENTER 15 FOR DAY AGE LAST BIRTHDAY IF YEAR OF BIRTH NOT GIVEN

– What was your age last birthday?

Interviewer instruction: If respondents refuse to give their age, then give your best estimate.

AGE ALL PERSONS

– Derived variable for age, computed from date of birth or age last birthday. This variable is used in questionnaire routing.

Consumer Durables Inputs The questions about Consumer Durables below are the new harmonised set. The lead survey for questions on consumer durables is the Living Costs and Food (LCF) survey. Formerly, the General Lifestyle Survey (GLF) was the lead survey. The other surveys in the Consumer Durables Harmonisation Sub-group are the Family Resources Survey (FRS) and the GLF. Note: The LCF joined the Integrated Household Survey in 2008, before this, it was called the Expenditure and Food Survey (EFS). ASK ALL HOUSEHOLDS INTRODUR

– Now I'd like to ask you about various household items you may have - this gives us an indication of how living standards are changing.

HASDUR

– Does your household have any of the following items in your (part of the) accommodation? INCLUDE ITEMS STORED OR UNDER REPAIR

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TV – …TV set?

1. Yes 2. No

ASK ALL HOUSEHOLDS WITH TV (TV= 1) TVTYPE − May I just check, how do you get television on your main set in your home?

SHOW CARD F1 A service that is paid for is considered to be the main service, if paid-for and normal aerial services are both present. Cable TV services are delivered via a specialised cable network. Code one only

1. A normal aerial on the TV set, attic or roof 2. A satellite dish 3. A connection made by cable TV company 4. Through a telephone line connection / broadband 5. Don't know

ASK ALL HOUSEHOLDS WITH TV (TV=1) DIGITV − So, to the best of your knowledge, is the main service you use to receive television a digital

or analogue TV service? Analogue TV is the traditional method of receiving television signals. Only the five main “terrestrial” TV channels can be received. Digital TV is the newer form of television signal. It allows more than the five main “terrestrial” TV channels to be received.

1. Digital TV 2. Analogue TV 3. Don't know

Freezer – Deep freezer or fridge freezer?

EXCLUDE FRIDGE ONLY

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instruction: Deep-freezer - a separate chest or upright cold storage cabinet used for freezing food for long periods of time. Fridge-freezer - a two-compartment cabinet with separate doors; one compartment is designed for freezing food as in a deep-freezer, the other is an ordinary refrigerator. Do not count as a fridge-freezer the freezing compartment of an ordinary refrigerator. If someone has a fridge but not a deep freezer, code No for `Deep freezer or fridge freezer'.

WASHMACH

– Washing machine?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instruction: Washing machine - A washing machine is defined as a machine which has an electrically operated agitator/pulsator. Therefore, a wash boiler with hand agitator should not be considered a washing machine.

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DRIER – Tumble drier?

IF COMBINED WASHING MACHINE AND TUMBLE DRIER, CODE 1 FOR BOTH

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instruction: Tumble drier - this is a drum which dries by tumbling its contents in a stream of hot air (unlike a spin drier, which merely gets rid of water by spinning); some washing machines have a built-in facility for tumble drying, but in most cases tumble driers are separate machines.

DISHWASH

– Dish washer?

1. Yes 2. No

MICROWVE

– Microwave oven?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instruction: Microwave oven - Combination ovens, with a microwave facility, code under microwave.

TELEPHON − Telephone or mobile phone?

Shared telephones located in public hallways to be included only if this household is responsible for paying the account. Prompt as necessary.

1. Yes, landline/fixed telephone 2. Yes, mobile telephone 3. Yes, landline/fixed telephone and mobile telephone 4. No

DVD

– DVD player?

1. Yes 2. No

COMPUTER − Home computer?

Include desktop computers and laptops. Exclude video games

1. Yes 2. No

INTER – Does your household have access to the internet at home?

1. Yes 2. No

ASKED IF YES CODED AT INTER (INTER = 1) ACCESS − How does your household access the internet from home?

Showcard question (Showcard F2) CODE ALL THAT APPLY

1. Home computer/laptop 2. Digital television

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3. Mobile phone 4. Games console 5. Other (Please specify)

Consumer Durables Outputs No proposals for harmonised outputs for consumer durables are planned. The output categories generally derive straight from the questions. If any categories are combined, this should be made clear in published documentation.

Council Tax Inputs Band values are correct at date of publication. ALL HOUSEHOLDS COUNCIL TAX

– Could you please tell me which Council Tax band this accommodation is in? THIS MUST BE THE BAND GIVEN BY THE COUNCIL DO NOT ACCEPT RESPONDENT’S OWN ESTIMATE OF VALUE OF PROPERTY FOR PROPERTIES IN ENGLAND (Based on 1991 rateable values): SHOW CARD

1. Band A up to £40,000 2. Band B £40,001 - £52,000 3. Band C £52,001 - £68,000 4. Band D £68,001 - £88,000 5. Band E £88,001 - £120,000 6. Band F £120,001 - £160,000 7. Band G £160,001 - £320,000 8. Band H £320,001 or more 9. Household accommodation not valued separately

FOR PROPERTIES IN SCOTLAND (Based on 1991 rateable values): SHOW CARD

1. Band A up to £27,000 2. Band B 27,001 - £35,000 3. Band C £35,001 - £45,000 4. Band D £45,001 - £58,000 5. Band E £58,001 - £80,000 6. Band F £80,001 - £106,000 7. Band G £106,001 - £212,000 8. Band H £212,000 or more

9. Household accommodation not valued separately FOR PROPERTIES IN WALES (Based on 2003 rateable values): SHOW CARD

1. Band A up to £30,000 2. Band B £30,001 - £39,000 3. Band C £39,001 - £51,000 4. Band D £51,001 - £66,000 5. Band E £66,001 - £90,000 6. Band F £90,001 - £120,000 7. Band G £120,001 - £240,000 8. Band H £240,000 or more 9. Band I £424,011 and above 10. Household accommodation not valued separately

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Interviewer instructions: Band not known: If the respondent is personally liable for the council tax (even though they may pay nothing) and doesn’t know the band, enter ‘Don't Know’. Do not use the respondent's estimate of the property's value – particularly if they are giving their estimation of the current value. The valuations for England and Scotland were made in 1991 and those for Wales were made in 2003, so all valuations will therefore become increasingly out of date. If the band is coded ‘DK’, it will be obtained from the Local Authority by office staff. Accommodation not valued separately: If the accommodation is not separately valued for the council tax, enter ‘10’. In certain accommodation, such as that which has multiply occupancy like bedsits, the landlord will be liable for the tax. The landlord may decide to recover some or all of the cost of the tax by increasing rent charges and will not be legally obliged to identify the council tax component. In these situations where the tenant is not personally liable for the tax, use code 10 to indicate that the accommodation that the interview is concerned with is not valued separately for the Council Tax. Appeals: Owners and tenants will be legally obliged to pay the amount shown on their council tax bills when they receive them in March/April. The valuation bands are based on prices in April 1991 (or April 2003 for Wales) and will not be affected by subsequent changes in house prices, although improvements such as extensions will be taken into account if the property is sold. Appeals against the valuation band may now only be made in these circumstances, not with regard to the original valuation; the full payments must be made until the result of an appeal is decided. Appeals on valuation matters must first be taken up with the valuation office; appeals on other matters must be raised with the local authority. If matters are not resolved within a specific period, they may be referred to a valuation tribunal. In a few cases appeals against the original valuation have not been settled yet. If an appeal is still pending, enter the band which is shown on the original bill. If a new bill has been received following an appeal, enter the new band shown on the bill. Disablement relief: If the bill was applied to a lower valuation band because disablement relief was allowed, enter the band that would have applied if disablement relief had not been granted. Edits: – IF CODE 10 OR DON'T KNOW INITIALLY, CHECK AND CONFIRM: – THIS ACCOMMODATION IS NOT SEPARATELY VALUED FOR COUNCIL TAX.....ENTER CODE 10 – OR THIS ACCOMMODATION IS VALUED FOR COUNCIL TAX, BUT RESPONDENT DOESN’T KNOW THE TAX BAND, THEN ENTER ‘DON’T KNOW’. soft check

Crime and Fear of Crime Inputs The lead survey for questions on crime and fear of crime is the British Crime Survey (BCS). The questions are structured into four main blocks: Feeling Safe, Worries about Crime, Crime Rate in Area, and Problem in Area. However, users who wish to use questions on crime and fear of crime are not obliged to use all four blocks on their surveys, but only those that are applicable for their survey needs. Please note that there are overlaps between questions in the Crime and Fear of Crime section and the Social Capital section. If both sections are to be included in a survey, please check to remove any overlaps between questions.

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# Note: 'This Area' is defined as being within fifteen minutes of walking distance from the respondent's home.

## Note: The questions in the section below are directed towards adults (age 16+). If you would like to view questions on crime and fear of crime aimed towards children please refer to the following surveys: Crime and Criminal Justice Survey (CCJS) and the Youth Lifestyle Survey (1998) (age 10+).

### Note: For questions on crime whilst travelling please refer to the British Crime Survey Anti-Social Module (2003-04), or the Omnibus Survey (now the Opinions Survey).

FEELING SAFE [ASK ALL] WALKDARK

– How safe do you feel walking alone in this area after dark? Would you say you feel...READ OUT

NOTE: IF RESPONDENT NEVER GOES OUT ALONE AT NIGHT, PROBE HOW SAFE WOULD YOU FEEL?

1. Very safe 2. Fairly safe 3. A bit unsafe 4. or very unsafe?

[ASK ALL] OUTALON2

– Thinking about the spring and autumn periods, how often do you usually walk alone in this area after dark?

1. At least once a week 2. At least once a fortnight 3. At least once a month 4. Less often than once a month 5. Never

[ASK IF WALKDARK=A BIT/ VERY UNSAFE AND CODES 1, 2, 3 AT OUTALON2] HOWWDARK

– the last month, when you have been walking alone in this area after dark, would you say that you have felt [a bit/very] unsafe…. READ OUT

1. All of the time 2. Most of the time 3. Some of the time 4. Or just occasionally? 5. Not applicable – not walked alone in area in last month

[ASK IF OUTALON2=4 OR 5] NOWALKA- NOWALKN

– You mentioned that you [never walk alone in this area after dark/walk alone in this area less often than once a month after dark]. Why do you [never go out anymore/not go out more]?

DO NOT PROMPT. CODE ALL THAT APPLY SET [11] OF

1. Too old 2. Too ill/sick/disabled 3. Family responsibilities e.g. children/sick relatives 4. Fear of being mugged or physically attacked 5. Fear of burglary/vandalism 6. Fear of the dark/night 7. Fear of going out on your own 8. Nowhere to go/nothing to do/no reason to go out 9. Busy working/content to stay in - watch TV 10. Don't want to go out 11. Drive/use car when go out 12. Other

+ (XNOWALK) [ASK IF NOWALK=OTHER]

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[ASK ALL] WALKDAY

– How safe do you feel walking alone in this area during the day? Would you say you feel...READ OUT

NOTE: IF RESPONDENT NEVER GOES OUT ALONE DURING THE DAY, PROBE HOW SAFE WOULD YOU FEEL?

1. Very safe 2. Fairly safe 3. A bit unsafe 4. or very unsafe?

[ASK ALL] HOMEALON

– How safe do you feel when you are alone in your own home at night? Would you say you feel.....READ OUT

NOTE: IF NEVER ALONE PROBE "HOW SAFE WOULD YOU FEEL?

1. Very safe 2. Fairly safe 3. A bit unsafe 4. or very unsafe?

WORRIES ABOUT CRIME [ASK ALL] Most of us WORRY at some time or other about being the victim of a crime. Using one of the phrases on this card, could you tell me how worried you are about the following. SHOW CARD M2 [ASK ALL] WBURGL

– How worried are you about....having your home broken into and something stolen? SHOW CARD M2

1. Very worried 2. Fairly worried 3. Not very worried 4. Not at all worried 5. (Not applicable)

[ASK ALL] WMUGGED

– (How worried are you about)......being mugged and robbed? SHOW CARD M2

1. Very worried 2. Fairly worried 3. Not very worried 4. Not at all worried 5. (Not applicable)

[ASK ALL] WCARSTOL

– (How worried are you about)......having your car stolen? SHOW CARD M2

1. Very worried 2. Fairly worried 3. Not very worried 4. Not at all worried 5. (Not applicable)

[ASK IF WCARSTOL NE 5] WFROMCAR

– (How worried are you about)......having things stolen from your car? SHOW CARD M2

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1. Very worried 2. Fairly worried 3. Not very worried 4. Not at all worried 5. (Not applicable)

[ASK ALL] WRAPED

– (How worried are you about)......being raped? SHOW CARD M2

1. Very worried 2. Fairly worried 3. Not very worried 4. Not at all worried 5. (Not applicable)

[ASK ALL] WATTACK

– (How worried are you about).....being physically attacked by strangers? SHOW CARD M2

1. Very worried 2. Fairly worried 3. Not very worried 4. Not at all worried 5. (Not applicable)

[ASK ALL] –

WINSULT – (How worried are you about) ….being insulted or pestered by anybody, while in the street or

any other public place? SHOW CARD M2

1. Very worried 2. Fairly worried 3. Not very worried 4. Not at all worried 5. (Not applicable)

[ASK ALL]

WRACEATT – (How worried are you about).....being subject to a physical attack because of your skin

colour, ethnic origin or religion? SHOW CARD M2

1. Very worried 2. Fairly worried 3. Not very worried 4. Not at all worried 5. (Not applicable)

CRIME RATE IN AREA CRIMERAT

– How much would you say the crime rate here has changed since two years ago? In this area, would you say there is more crime or less crime? PROBE: Is that a lot or a little more/less?

1. A lot more crime 2. A little more crime 3. About the same 4. A little less crime 5. A lot less crime

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PROBLEMS IN AREA [ASK ALL] For the following things I read out, can you tell me how much of a problem they are in your area. By your area I mean within 15 minutes walk from here. [ASK ALL] NOISNEIG

– How much of a problem are….noisy neighbours or loud parties? SHOW CARD M3

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all

[ASK ALL] TEENHANG

– (How much of a problem are…) teenagers hanging around on the streets? SHOW CARD M3

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all

[ASK ALL] SLROUGH

– (How much of a problem are….) people sleeping rough on the streets or in other public places?

SHOW CARD M3

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all

[ASK ALL] RUBBISH

– (How much of a problem is….) rubbish or litter lying around? SHOW CARD M3

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all

[ASK ALL] VANDALS

– (How much of a problem are….) vandalism, graffiti and other deliberate damage to property or vehicles?

SHOW CARD M3

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all

[ASK ALL] RACEHAT2

– (How much of a problem is it for…) people being attacked or harassed because of their skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?

SHOW CARD M3

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1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all

[ASK ALL] DRUGUSE

– (How much of a problem are…) people using or dealing drugs? SHOW CARD M3

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all

[ASK ALL] DRUNK

– (How much of a problem are….) people being drunk or rowdy in public places? SHOW CARD M3

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all

D Date of Birth Inputs The codes for gender and the amendment of the harmonised question from age at time of survey to date of birth are in line with decisions taken at the European Union Workshop on Harmonisation of Survey Variables held in London in November 1996. Surveys recording imputed day or month, as is recommended, can do so by a subsequent question for the interviewer if the day or month element of the date of birth is a possibly imputed value, e.g. day = 15; month = 6 - see Appendix D. If the year of birth is not given, it may be possible to obtain a best-estimate of this key classificatory information by asking about age last birthday and, as a last resort, estimating age (see Interviewer Instruction). For simplicity in routing, age is computed from date of birth; in paper-and-pencil surveys it may be asked, as it was for many years in the LFS (and still is, under CAI, as a useful check). DATE OF BIRTH ALL PERSONS

– What is your date of birth? FOR MONTH NOT GIVEN....ENTER 6 FOR MONTH (IN ALL CASES WHERE A MISSING FIGURE HAS BEEN ENTERED BY AN EDIT A FLAG SHOULD BE PROVIDED IN THE DATA SET MARKING THAT THE FIGURE HAS BEEN IMPUTED.) FOR DAY NOT GIVEN....ENTER 15 FOR DAY (IN ALL CASES WHERE A MISSING FIGURE HAS BEEN ENTERED BY AN EDIT A FLAG SHOULD BE PROVIDED IN THE DATA SET MARKING THAT THE FIGURE HAS BEEN IMPUTED.) AGE LAST BIRTHDAY IF YEAR OF BIRTH NOT GIVEN

– What was your age last birthday?

Interviewer instruction: If respondents refuse to give their age, then give your best estimate.

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AGE ALL PERSONS

– Derived variable for age, computed from date of birth or age last birthday. This variable is used in questionnaire routing.

E Economic Status Inputs Reference period: the seven days ending on the Sunday preceding the interview. Questions are phrased in terms of "...in the 7 days ending Sunday the ...". Government schemes: the questions below have been adopted from the LFS, except for a summary question on participation in government schemes for employment training in place of the greater detail required by the LFS. For the purposes of applying the ILO definition of unemployment, it is sufficient to be able to identify accurately the combined total of people in paid work or on government schemes. The LFS asks if people have participated in government schemes before asking if they have paid work, unlike the harmonised questions, and so is only harmonised with other surveys for estimation of the combined total of people in paid work and people on government schemes. It remains the main source for estimation of these categories separately. Routing in Dec 1997 update: The routing has been amended to meet the ILO definition more closely by testing those waiting to take up a job for their availability to start within two weeks. We have also described the complex routing in less summary terms than hitherto, to try to avoid ambiguity. This necessitates some careful attention to the use of brackets in conditions. Students: In order to derive NS-SEC for the whole adult population, questions were added (in April 2002) to identify full-time students irrespective of their ILO economic status. These new questions appear at the end of the economic status questions, however as they are independent of the ILO definition they could be positioned elsewhere in a questionnaire. Full-time students are classified as those who are at school full-time, on a sandwich-course, or studying full-time at university or college including at a sixth form college. The economic status outputs classify students according to their ILO definition (e.g. if full-time students have a part-time job they would be categorised as ‘in employment’). Some economically inactive students may not be categorised as full-time students in NS-SEC as they did not state they were studying full-time but it is still their main reason why they are not looking for work. (See section of socio-economic classifications.) Long-term unemployed: Respondents who are looking for a job or waiting to take up a job are asked a question (introduced in April 2002) about how long they have been looking for work. This question is required to derive NS-SEC for the whole adult population. Respondents will only be classified as long-term unemployed if they meet the definition for ILO unemployment. If the respondent is ILO unemployed and has had previous employment, they will be classified as long-term unemployed only if they have been looking for work for more than a year and they left their last paid job over a year ago. If the respondent is ILO unemployed but has never had a paid job, they will be classified as long-term unemployed if they have been looking for work for more than a year. April 2002: Three new questions were added to the set, allowing students to be accurately identified. State pension age: Between April 2010 and April 2020, women’s State pension age in the UK will increase from 60 to 65, at the rate of one month every two months. From August 2010, ONS will publish headline employment and inactivity rates based on the 16-64 population. No change was made concerning the unemployment rate, which was, and is still based on the population aged 16 and over. The LFS definition of pension age has changed from 65 plus for men and 60 plus for women to 65 plus for men and women; all children under 16 years are classified as economically inactive. Therefore, from April 2010 any routing that previously used the population 'males 16-64 and females 16-59' should change to 'all those aged 16-64', and routing that previously used the population 'males 65+ and females 60+ (pension age)' should change to 'all those aged 65+'.

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A detailed ‘flag’ can be calculated over the course of the incremental change to the female State pension age. This will be needed if detailed analysis concerning state pension age is intended. It is recommended that datasets contain two ‘flag’ variables. These derived variables should be called ‘PENFLAGP’ which indicates an individual who is actually of State pension age at the time of interview and ‘NOPENFLG’ which indicates individuals who are aged 16+ and not actually of State pension age at the time of interview. ‘PENFLAGP’ and ‘NOPENFLG’ are both potentially disclosive variables as they can allow for certain respondents, affected by the change, to have their year and month of birth identified. This goes against ONS standards for End User License (EUL). Therefore these variables should not be released on EUL versions of datasets but can be included on Special License or other restricted access versions of datasets. In order to calculate an accurate ‘flag’, datasets would need 'age', 'date of birth' and 'reference date' variables. ONS can provide syntax to users who wish to create these variables on their data. Please contact the LFS team in the Social Surveys Division. Email: socialsurveys@ons.gov.uk The Government announced in its October 2010 Spending Review that it will speed up the pace of State pension age equalisation for women from April 2016 so that women’s State pension age will reach 65 in November 2018. The State pension age will then increase to 66 for both men and women from December 2018 to April 2020. The current approach to recording and analysing those of State pension age will therefore need to be amended before 2016 in order to account for these further changes.

QUESTIONS TO ASK These questions have been designed to harmonise the collection of data across interview surveys. The instructions for interviewers are shown in italics. IF AGE >= 16 PAID WORK

– Did you do any paid work in the seven days ending Sunday the (n), either as an employee or as self-employed?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instructions: You should take the respondent's definition of whether they are in paid work or not, but it must be paid work. 'Paid work' at this question means ANY work for pay or profit done in the reference week. It is to include any paid work, however little time is spent on it, so long as it is paid. For example, it includes Saturday jobs and casual work (e.g. baby-sitting, running a mail order club, etc.). Some respondents may not regard baby-sitting, etc. to be 'serious' work. Probe those to whom you feel this may apply (e.g. housewives with dependent children). Even the youngest respondents who have not yet left school may have a Saturday job, e.g. a paper round. It is correct for them to be recorded as doing paid work. Self-employed people are considered to be working if they work in their own business, professional practice, or farm for the purpose of earning a profit even if the enterprise is failing to make a profit or is just being set up. Training for nurses is now carried out under the Project 2000 scheme and as such, nurses on this scheme should be classed as students, like any student nurses you may encounter with more traditional arrangements. Someone who regards themselves as retired, but sits as a director on board meetings (however few) and is paid for this work, should be classified as in paid work. We do NOT expect the interviewers to probe routinely for this.

IF (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (AGE = 16-64) GOVERNMENT SCHEME

– Were you on a government scheme for employment training?

1. Yes 2. No

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IF (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) - (NOTE THAT MEN AND WOMEN AGED OVER 64 ARE NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEMES, BY DEFINITION) AWAY FROM JOB/BUSINESS

– Did you have a job or business you were away from?

1. Yes 2. No 3. SPONTANEOUS Waiting to take up a new job/business already obtained

Interviewer instructions: This is asked in order to deal with any uncertainty that may exist in the minds of people who were away from PAID work during the reference week (e.g. on holiday, sick leave, career break, laid off, etc.) If the respondent has been absent from their job for a long period (e.g. career break, long term sick etc), only code ‘Yes’ if there is definitely a job for them to return to. In cases where the respondent is unsure whether they actually had a job the following points may be helpful: For employees: a job exists if there is a definite arrangement between an employer and an employee for work on a regular basis (i.e. every week or every month) whether the work is full time or part time. The number of hours worked each week may vary considerably but as long as some work is done on a regular basis a job can be said to exist. Long term absence from work: If the total absence from work (from the last day of work to the reference week) has exceeded six months then a person has a job only if full or partial pay has been received by the worker during the absence and that they expect to return to work for the same employer (i.e. a job is available for them). Career Break: In some organisations employees are able to take a career break for a specified period and are guaranteed employment at the end of that period. If a respondent is currently on a career break they should be coded 'Yes' here only if there is an arrangement, between the employer and employee, that there will be employment for them at the end of the break. This is not dependent upon them receiving payment from their employer during this time. The respondent's opinion of whether they have a job to go back to should be taken. Seasonal workers: In some industries (e.g. agriculture, forestry, fishing, types of construction, etc.) there is a substantial difference in the level of employment from one season to the next. Between 'seasons' respondents in such industries should be coded No at this question. (However, note that the odd week of sick leave during the working season would be treated like any other worker's occasional absence and coded 'Yes' here). Casual workers: If a respondent works casually for an employer but has not worked for them during the reference week, they should be coded No, even if they expect to do further work for the employer in the future.

IF (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) UNPAID WORK FOR OWN BUSINESS

– Did you do any unpaid work in that week for any business that you own?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instructions: The people we expect to answer ‘Yes’ here are those whose work contributes directly to a business, farm, or professional practice that they own, but who receive no pay or profits. Unpaid voluntary work done for charity, etc. should not be included.

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IF (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) AND (NOT DOING UNPAID WORK IN OWN BUSINESS) UNPAID WORK FOR RELATIVE'S BUSINESS

– ....or that a relative owns?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instructions: These are people whose work contributes directly to a business, farm, or professional practice owned by a relative but who receive no pay or profits (e.g. a wife doing her husband's accounts or helping with the family farm or business). Unpaid voluntary work done for charity, etc. should not be included.

IF (NOT IN UNPAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) AND (NOT DOING UNPAID WORK IN OWN OR RELATIVE’S BUSINESS) AND (NOT WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON ABSENCE FROM JOB) LOOKING FOR WORK/GOVERNMENT TRAINING SCHEME

– Thinking of the four weeks ending Sunday the (n) were you looking for any kind of paid work or government training scheme at any time in those four weeks?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instructions: 'Looking for paid work' may cover a wide range of activities and you should not try to interpret the phrase for the respondent. In the case of those 'looking for' a place on a government scheme the search should be active rather than passive. In other words, a respondent who has not approached an agency but who would consider a place if an agency approached him or her should be coded ‘No’. Looking in the papers for vacancies is an active form of search.

IF EITHER (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) AND (NOT DOING UNPAID WORK IN OWN OR RELATIVE’S BUSINESS) AND (LOOKED FOR WORK IN LAST 4 WEEKS) OR (WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON ABSENCE FROM JOB) OR (WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON LOOKING FOR ANY KIND OF PAID WORK) START JOB / GOVERNMENT SCHEME

– If a job or a place on a government scheme had been available in the week ending Sunday the (n) would you have been able to start within 2 weeks?

1. Yes 2. No

IF (LOOKED FOR WORK IN LAST 4 WEEKS) OR (WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON ABSENCE FROM JOB) OR (WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON LOOKING FOR ANY KIND OF PAID WORK) HOW LONG

– How long have you been looking/were you looking for paid work/a place on a government scheme?

1. not yet started 2. less than 1 month 3. 1 month but less than 3 months 4. 3 months but less than 6 months 5. 6 months but less than 12 months 6. 12 months or more

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IF [(NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) AND NOT DOING UNPAID WORK IN OWN OR RELATIVE’S BUSINESS) I.E., IF NOT IN EMPLOYMENT] AND [(NOT LOOKED FOR A JOB IN LAST 4 WEEKS) OR (NOT AVAILABLE TO START WORK IN NEXT 2 WEEKS) OR WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB BUT NOT AVAILABLE TO START WORK IN NEXT 2 WEEKS) I.E. IF NOT UNEMPLOYED] MAIN REASON NOT SOUGHT WORK

– What was the main reason you did not seek any work in the last 4 weeks (would not be able to start in next 2 weeks)?

1. student 2. looking after the family/home 3. temporarily sick or injured 4. long-term sick or disabled 5. retired from paid work 6. other reasons

IF NOT IN EMPLOYMENT PAID JOB

– Have you ever had a paid job, apart from casual or holiday work?

1. Yes 2. No

IF HAS EVER WORKED LEAVING DATE FOR LAST JOB

– When did you leave your last PAID job? FOR MONTH NOT GIVEN......ENTER 6 FOR MONTH FOR DAY NOT GIVEN......ENTER 15 FOR DAY IF (AGED 16-64) OR (WORKED IN REFERENCE WEEK – I.E. DID PAID WORK, WAS AWAY FROM A JOB OR DID UNPAID WORK FOR THEIR OWN OR A RELATIVE’S BUSINESS) PART-TIME / FULL-TIME COURSE

– Are you at present (at school or 6th form college or) enrolled on any full-time or part-time education course excluding leisure classes? (Include correspondence courses and open learning as well as other forms of full-time or part-time education course).

1. Yes 2. No

(Note: text substitution for respondents aged 16-19 only) IF (ENROLLED ON AN EDUCATION COURSE) EDUCATIONAL STATUS

– And are you …

1. still attending 2. waiting for term to (re)start 3. or have you stopped going?

IF (ATTENDING AN EDUCATION COURSE) OR (WAITING FOR TERM TO (RE)START) TYPE OF EDUCATION COURSE

– Are you (at school or 6th form college), on a full or part time course, a medical or nursing course, a sandwich course or some other kind of course?

1. school/full time (age < 20 years only) 2. school/part time (age < 20 years only) 3. sandwich course 4. studying at university or college including 6th form college FULL TIME 5. training for a qualification in nursing, physiotherapy or a similar medical subject

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6. on a PART TIME course at university or college, INCLUDING day release and block release

7. on an Open College course 8. on an Open University course 9. any other correspondence course 10. any other self / open learning course

(Note: text substitution for respondents aged 16-19 only) April 2002: Three new questions were added to the set, allowing students to be accurately identified. IF AGE >= 16 PAID WORK

– Did you do any paid work in the seven days ending Sunday the (n), either as an employee or as self-employed?

1. Yes 2. No Interviewer instructions: You should take the respondent's definition of whether they are in paid work or not, but it must be paid work. 'Paid work' at this question means ANY work for pay or profit done in the reference week. It is to include any paid work, however little time is spent on it, so long as it is paid. For example, it includes Saturday jobs and casual work (e.g. baby-sitting, running a mail order club, etc.). Some respondents may not regard baby-sitting, etc. to be 'serious' work. Probe those to whom you feel this may apply (e.g. housewives with dependent children). Even the youngest respondents who have not yet left school may have a Saturday job, e.g. a paper round. It is correct for them to be recorded as doing paid work. Self-employed people are considered to be working if they work in their own business, professional practice, or farm for the purpose of earning a profit even if the enterprise is failing to make a profit or is just being set up. Training for nurses is now carried out under the Project 2000 scheme and as such, nurses on this scheme should be classed as students, like any student nurses you may encounter with more traditional arrangements. Someone who regards themselves as retired, but sits as a director on board meetings (however few) and is paid for this work, should be classified as in paid work. We do NOT expect the interviewers to probe routinely for this.

IF (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (AGE = 16-62 OR MALE 63-64) GOVERNMENT SCHEME

– Were you on a government scheme for employment training?

1. Yes 2. No

IF (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) - (NOTE THAT MEN AGED OVER 64 AND WOMEN AGED OVER 62 ARE NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEMES, BY DEFINITION) AWAY FROM JOB/BUSINESS

– Did you have a job or business you were away from?

1. Yes 2. No 3. SPONTANEOUS Waiting to take up a new job/business already obtained Interviewer instructions: This is asked in order to deal with any uncertainty that may exist in the minds of people who were away from PAID work during the reference week (e.g. on holiday, sick leave, career break, laid off, etc.) If the respondent has been absent from their job for a long period (e.g. career break, long term sick etc), only code ‘Yes’ if there is definitely a job for them to return to.

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In cases where the respondent is unsure whether they actually had a job the following points may be helpful: For employees: a job exists if there is a definite arrangement between an employer and an employee for work on a regular basis (i.e. every week or every month) whether the work is full time or part time. The number of hours worked each week may vary considerably but as long as some work is done on a regular basis a job can be said to exist. Long term absence from work: If the total absence from work (from the last day of work to the reference week) has exceeded six months then a person has a job only if full or partial pay has been received by the worker during the absence and that they expect to return to work for the same employer (i.e. a job is available for them). Career Break: In some organisations employees are able to take a career break for a specified period and are guaranteed employment at the end of that period. If a respondent is currently on a career break they should be coded 'Yes' here only if there is an arrangement, between the employer and employee, that there will be employment for them at the end of the break. This is not dependent upon them receiving payment from their employer during this time. The respondent's opinion of whether they have a job to go back to should be taken. Seasonal workers: In some industries (e.g. agriculture, forestry, fishing, types of construction, etc.) there is a substantial difference in the level of employment from one season to the next. Between 'seasons' respondents in such industries should be coded No at this question. (However, note that the odd week of sick leave during the working season would be treated like any other worker's occasional absence and coded 'Yes' here). Casual workers: If a respondent works casually for an employer but has not worked for them during the reference week, they should be coded No, even if they expect to do further work for the employer in the future.

IF (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) UNPAID WORK FOR OWN BUSINESS

– Did you do any unpaid work in that week for any business that you own?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instructions: The people we expect to answer ‘Yes’ here are those whose work contributes directly to a business, farm, or professional practice that they own, but who receive no pay or profits. Unpaid voluntary work done for charity, etc. should not be included.

IF (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) AND (NOT DOING UNPAID WORK IN OWN BUSINESS) UNPAID WORK FOR RELATIVE'S BUSINESS

– ....or that a relative owns?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instructions: These are people whose work contributes directly to a business, farm, or professional practice owned by a relative but who receive no pay or profits (e.g. a wife doing her husband's accounts or helping with the family farm or business). Unpaid voluntary work done for charity, etc. should not be included.

IF (NOT IN UNPAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) AND (NOT DOING UNPAID WORK IN OWN OR RELATIVE’S BUSINESS) AND (NOT WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON ABSENCE FROM JOB)

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LOOKING FOR WORK/GOVERNMENT TRAINING SCHEME – Thinking of the four weeks ending Sunday the (n) were you looking for any kind of paid work

or government training scheme at any time in those four weeks?

1. Yes 2. No Interviewer instructions: 'Looking for paid work' may cover a wide range of activities and you should not try to interpret the phrase for the respondent. In the case of those 'looking for' a place on a government scheme the search should be active rather than passive. In other words, a respondent who has not approached an agency but who would consider a place if an agency approached him or her should be coded ‘No’. Looking in the papers for vacancies is an active form of search.

IF EITHER (NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) AND (NOT DOING UNPAID WORK IN OWN OR RELATIVE’S BUSINESS) AND (LOOKED FOR WORK IN LAST 4 WEEKS) OR (WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON ABSENCE FROM JOB) OR (WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON LOOKING FOR ANY KIND OF PAID WORK) START JOB / GOVERNMENT SCHEME

– If a job or a place on a government scheme had been available in the week ending Sunday the (n) would you have been able to start within 2 weeks?

1. Yes 2. No

IF (LOOKED FOR WORK IN LAST 4 WEEKS) OR (WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON ABSENCE FROM JOB) OR (WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB, FROM QUESTION ON LOOKING FOR ANY KIND OF PAID WORK) HOW LONG

– How long have you been looking/were you looking for paid work/a place on a government scheme?

1. not yet started 2. less than 1 month 3. 1 month but less than 3 months 4. 3 months but less than 6 months 5. 6 months but less than 12 months 6. 12 months or more

IF [(NOT IN PAID WORK) AND (NOT ON GOVERNMENT SCHEME) AND (NOT AWAY FROM JOB) AND NOT DOING UNPAID WORK IN OWN OR RELATIVE’S BUSINESS) I.E., IF NOT IN EMPLOYMENT] AND [(NOT LOOKED FOR A JOB IN LAST 4 WEEKS) OR (NOT AVAILABLE TO START WORK IN NEXT 2 WEEKS) OR WAITING TO TAKE UP A JOB BUT NOT AVAILABLE TO START WORK IN NEXT 2 WEEKS) I.E. IF NOT UNEMPLOYED] MAIN REASON NOT SOUGHT WORK

– What was the main reason you did not seek any work in the last 4 weeks (would not be able to start in next 2 weeks)?

1. student 2. looking after the family/home 3. temporarily sick or injured 4. long-term sick or disabled 5. retired from paid work 6. other reasons

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IF NOT IN EMPLOYMENT PAID JOB

– Have you ever had a paid job, apart from casual or holiday work?

1. Yes 2. No

IF HAS EVER WORKED LEAVING DATE FOR LAST JOB

– When did you leave your last PAID job? FOR MONTH NOT GIVEN......ENTER 6 FOR MONTH FOR DAY NOT GIVEN......ENTER 15 FOR DAY IF (MEN AGED 16-64) OR (WOMEN AGED 16-59) OR (WORKED IN REFERENCE WEEK – I.E. DID PAID WORK, WAS AWAY FROM A JOB OR DID UNPAID WORK FOR THEIR OWN OR A RELATIVE’S BUSINESS) PART-TIME / FULL-TIME COURSE

– Are you at present (at school or 6th form college or) enrolled on any full-time or part-time education course excluding leisure classes? (Include correspondence courses and open learning as well as other forms of full-time or part-time education course).

1. Yes 2. No (Note: text substitution for respondents aged 16-19 only)

IF (ENROLLED ON AN EDUCATION COURSE) EDUCATIONAL STATUS

– And are you …

1. still attending 2. waiting for term to (re)start 3. or have you stopped going?

IF (ATTENDING AN EDUCATION COURSE) OR (WAITING FOR TERM TO (RE)START) TYPE OF EDUCATION COURSE

– Are you (at school or 6th form college), on a full or part time course, a medical or nursing course, a sandwich course or some other kind of course?

1. school/full time (age < 20 years only) 2. school/part time (age < 20 years only) 3. sandwich course 4. studying at university or college including 6th form college FULL TIME 5. training for a qualification in nursing, physiotherapy or a similar medical subject 6. on a PART TIME course at university or college, INCLUDING day release and block release 7. on an Open College course 8. on an Open University course 9. any other correspondence course 10. any other self / open learning course (Note: text substitution for respondents aged 16-19 only)

Economic Status Outputs The harmonised outputs differ in minor respects from the International Labour Office (ILO) standards followed in the Labour Force Survey, which depend on more complex questions than are possible for a harmonised question for general social surveys. Minor differences with the LFS affect people who were on a government supported training scheme and the classification between full-time and part-time work. The output categories that follow are derived from the questions above on Economic Status and those found below on Employment Status (employed/self-employed classification) and self assessed Full-Time/Part-Time Status.

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Output Categories: Economic Status Economically active In employment * Employees full-time ** xxx part-time ** xxx All Employees XXXX Self-employed full-time ** xxx part-time ** xxx All Self-employed XXXX All in employment * XXXXX full-time ** xxx part-time ** xxx ILO unemployed # XXXXX All economically active ## XXXXXX

* Note: In employment (did paid work in the last week, or on a government-supported training scheme, or away from a job/business, or unpaid work for own or family business). All in employment = Employee + self-employed + on a government-supported training scheme + unpaid family worker. The division between employee and self-employed is based on survey respondents’ own assessment of their employment status in their main job. The category on a government-supported training scheme is not separately identified because the harmonised question does not identify all such persons. Unpaid family workers are persons doing unpaid work for a business owned by themselves or a relative. They are not shown separately as the size of this group means that for many surveys it is either precluded by sample size or not of sufficient interest to warrant separate identification. **Note: The classification between full-time and part-time work is on the basis of self-

assessment and relates to main job. # Note: ILO unemployed (not in employment, available to start within two weeks, and either

looked for work in the last four weeks or waiting to start a new job). ##Note: Economically Active = in employment + ILO unemployed ^ Note: Excludes students who were working or in some other way were included in the ILO

definition of economically active. ^ ^Note: Economically inactive (all others)

Educational Attainment Inputs ANY QUALIFICATIONS

– Do you have any educational qualifications for which you received a certificate?

1. Yes 2. No

IF QUESTION 1=NO WHICH QUALIFICATIONS

– Do you have any professional, vocational or other work-related qualifications for which you received a certificate?

1. Yes 2. No

IF QUESTION 1=YES OR QUESTION 2=YES

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HIGHEST QUALIFICATION – Was your highest qualification…

1. at degree level or above 2. or another kind of qualification?

Educational Attainment Outputs There is a need for a simple classificatory variable for educational attainment. On many current surveys, the variable which serves this purpose asks about years of continuous full-time education. This variable is widely regarded as unsatisfactory, and increasingly so, as more people acquire academic qualifications after a break in their education and as analysis is increasingly required to take vocational qualifications into account (see Discussion in Annex A). The level of highest qualification attained is of greatest interest to most users, yet owing to the multiplicity of qualifications it is a difficult area in which to achieve simple but pertinent questions and categories. The categories which cognitive testing showed could be collected with adequate reliability and validity for broad classificatory purposes are given as provisional outputs. Provisional Output Categories: Educational Attainment

Degree, or Degree equivalent and above XXXX Other qualifications XXXX No Qualifications XXXX

Employment Status: Industry, Occupation, and Socio-Economic Classifications Inputs The classifications of people in employment into employees and self-employed and between full-time and part-time are incorporated into the economic status output categories. The harmonised inputs for employment status and socio-economic classifications are coded using three classifications: United Kingdom Standard Industrial Classification of Economic Activities 2007 [UKSIC (2007)] is used to classify people to the industry they work in. SIC2007 replaced SIC1992 in January 2009 as the ONS standard classification (as the changes from SIC1992 to SIC2003 were minimal ONS retained the former until superseded by SIC2007). Standard Occupational Classification 2010 (SOC2010) is used to classify people’s jobs. SOC2010 replaced SOC2000 in January 2011 as the ONS standard classification. National Statistics Socio-economic Classification (NS-SEC) is an occupationally based classification but has rules to provide coverage of the whole adult population. The information required to create the NS-SEC is occupation coded to the unit groups (OUG) of SOC2010 and details employment status (whether an employer, self-employed or employee; whether a supervisor; number of employees at the workplace). Similar information was previously required for Social Class based on Occupation (SC) and Socio-Economic Group (SEG). In order to cover the whole adult population, questions are required to identify full-time students and the long-term unemployed, which are included with the harmonised questions to determine ILO economic status. Guidelines detailing SOC2010 and the derivation of NS SEC are available from the National Statistics website at http://www.ons.gov.uk/about-statistics/classifications/current/soc2010/soc2010-volume-3-ns-sec--rebased-on-soc2010--user-manual/index.html

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Reference period: main job in reference week or last job if ever worked Definition of main job: respondents with more than one job in the reference week should decide themselves which is their main job. Only if they are unable to do so should the LFS criterion be applied: the job which was the largest number of hours. Subsamples: Household reference person or, as on many surveys, all adults are asked these questions. In this section, the questions concern:

industry and occupation; whether employee or self-employed; supervisory responsibility; and size of establishment.

Employment status, at a detailed level, and the main socio-economic classifications used in government statistics, are derived from these questions. An NS-SEC category is allocated by using a combination of:

Information about occupation coded to occupational unit group (OUG) level of the Standard Occupational Classification 2010 (SOC2010)

Information about employment status and size of organisation in the form of an employment status variable

The derived employment status variable is created by combining data on whether an individual is an employer, self-employed or an employee, size of organisation (where collected) and supervisory status. QUESTIONS TO ASK These questions have been designed to harmonise the collection of data across interview surveys. The instructions for interviewers are shown in italics. Two series of questions are needed in order to derive the NS-SEC: three questions on occupation, and five questions on employment status/size of organisation. OCCUPATION Questions 1 to 3 collect information for coding to the Standard Occupational Classification 2010 (SOC 2010). They ask about current job for those in paid work or about last main job for those who have ever had paid work, with the exception of full-time students and those who have been unemployed for more than a year who are allocated to residual categories. ALL IN SUBSAMPLE QUESTION 1 – INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION

– What did the firm/ organisation you worked for mainly make or do (at the place where you worked)? (Open) DESCRIBE FULLY - PROBE MANUFACTURING OR PROCESSING OR DISTRIBUTING ETC. AND MAIN GOODS PRODUCED, MATERIALS USED, WHOLESALE OR RETAIL ETC. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT INFORMATION ON INDUSTRY IS NECESSARY TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN SOME OCCUPATIONS AT THE DETAILED LEVEL. ALL IN SUBSAMPLE QUESTION 2 – OCCUPATION TITLE CURRENT OR LAST MAIN JOB

– What was your (main) job (in the week ending Sunday the xx)? (Open) ALL IN SUBSAMPLE QUESTION 3 – OCCUPATION DESCRIPTION CURRENT OR LAST MAIN JOB

– What did you mainly do in your job? (Open) CHECK SPECIAL QUALIFICATIONS/TRAINING NEEDED TO DO THE JOB EMPLOYMENT STATUS/SIZE OF ORGANISATION Questions 4 to 8 collect information for deriving the employment status/size of organisation variable. The interviewer asks questions 5 and 6 when the respondent answers ‘Employee’ to question 4. The interviewer asks questions 7 when the respondent answers ‘Self-employed’ to question 4 and 8 when the respondent answers ‘With employees’ to question 7.

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ALL IN SUBSAMPLE QUESTION 4 – EMPLOYEE OR SELF-EMPLOYED

– Were you working as an employee or were you self-employed?

1. Employee Go to question 5 2. Self-employed Go to question 7

THE DIVISION BETWEEN EMPLOYEES AND SELF-EMPLOYED IS BASED ON RESPONDENTS’ OWN ASSESSMENT OF THEIR EMPLOYMENT STATUS IN THEIR MAIN JOB. IF EMPLOYEE QUESTION 5 – SUPERVISORY STATUS

– In your job, did you have formal responsibility for supervising the work of other employees? DO NOT INCLUDE PEOPLE WHO ONLY SUPERVISE: CHILDREN, E.G. TEACHERS, NANNIES, CHILDMINDERS, ANIMALS SECURITY OR BUILDINGS, E.G. CARETAKERS, SECURITY GUARDS

1. Yes Go to question 6 2. No Go to question 6

IF EMPLOYEE QUESTION 6 – NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES (EMPLOYEES)

– How many people worked for your employer at the place where you worked? WERE THERE …(RUNNING PROMPT)…

1. 1-24 2. 25 – 499 3. or 500 or more employees?

Interviewer Instructions: We are interested in the size of the 'local unit of establishment' at which the respondent works in terms of the total number of employees. The “local unit” is considered to be the geographical location where the job is mainly carried out. Normally this will consist of a single building, part of a building, or at the largest a self-contained group of buildings. It is the total number of employees at the respondent’s workplace that we are interested in, not just the number employed within the particular section or department in which he/she works.

IF SELF-EMPLOYED QUESTION 7 – SELF-EMPLOYED WORKING ON OWN OR WITH EMPLOYEES

– Were you working on your own or did you have employees? ASK OR RECORD

1. On own/with partner(s) but no employees 2. With employees Go to question 8

IF SELF-EMPLOYED WITH EMPLOYEES QUESTION 8 – NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES (SELF-EMPLOYED)

– How many people did you employ at the place where you worked? WERE THERE …(RUNNING PROMPT)…

1. 1-24 2. 25 to 499, or 3. 500 or more employees

Interviewer instructions: For Employees: How many people worked for your employer at the place where you worked? For Self-employed: How many people did you employ at the place where you worked? We are interested in the size of the "local unit of the establishment" at which the respondent works but we only want the number of employees working for the same employer as the respondent. Thus at sites shared by several organisations we would not include all employees just those working for the respondent’s employer. The" local unit" is considered to be the geographical location where there job is mainly carried out. Normally this will consist of a single building, part of a building, or at the largest a self-contained group of buildings.

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It is the total number of employees at the respondent's workplace that we are interested in, not just the number employed within the particular section or department in which he/she works. If a respondent works from a central depot or office (e.g. a service engineer) base, the answer is the number of people who work at or from the central location. Note that many people who work "from home" have a base office or depot that they communicate with. It may even be true of some people who work "at home" (e.g. telecommuter who retains a desk or some minimal presence in an office). If in doubt, accept the respondent's view of whether or not there is a wider establishment outside the home that they belong to for work purposes. For self-employed people who are subcontracted for any significant (respondent's definition) length of time to work in a particular place (e.g. building site), that is their place of work.

Employment Status: Industry, Occupation and Socio-Economic Classifications Outputs Output Categories: National Statistics Socio-economic classification The number of classes used depends both upon the analytic purposes at hand and the quality of available data. Within the conceptual model, it is possible to have eight, five and three class versions of NS-SEC. Further details of the nested relationship between the 8, 5 and 3 class versions are given at: http://www.ons.gov.uk/about-statistics/classifications/current/soc2010/soc2010-volume-3-ns-sec--rebased-on-soc2010--user-manual/index.html#7 The version of the classification, which will be used for most analyses (the analytic version), has eight classes, the first of which can be subdivided.

NATIONAL STATISTICS SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION (8 Analytic Classes)

1 Higher managerial and professional occupations XXXX1.1 Large employers and higher managerial occupations xxxx1.2 Higher professional occupations xxxx

2 Lower managerial and professional occupations XXXX3 Intermediate occupations XXXX4 Small employers and own account workers XXXX5 Lower supervisory and technical occupations XXXX6 Semi-routine occupations XXXX7 Routine occupations XXXX8 Never worked and long-term unemployed XXXXNot classified *

NATIONAL STATISTICS SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION

(5 Analytic classes)

1 Managerial and professional occupations XXXX2 Intermediate occupations XXXX3 Small employers and own account workers XXXX4 Lower supervisory and technical occupations XXXX5 Semi-routine and routine occupations XXXXNever worked and long-term unemployed XXXXNot classified *

NATIONAL STATISTICS SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION

(3 Analytic classes) 1 Managerial and professional occupations XXXX2 Intermediate occupations XXXX3 Routine and manual occupations XXXXNever worked and long-term unemployed XXXXNot classified *

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*For complete coverage, the three categories 'Students', 'Occupations not stated or inadequately described', and 'Not classifiable for other reasons' are added as 'Not classified'. Harmonised questions to identify full-time students and long-term unemployed were introduced in April 2002 (see Economic Status section). Prior to this, an NS-SEC category was assigned on the basis of current main for those in paid work or last main job for those who have ever worked. Therefore, the category ‘never worked and long-term unemployed’ excluded persons who are long-term unemployed but who have previously had a paid job. Full-time students were assigned either to a main NS-SEC class or to the category never worked as appropriate. It is recommended that full-time student status and long-term unemployed status should take priority over other possible classifications. However, it is also recommended that occupational information and other employment details be collected (see below) for all those who are currently in or previously had employment. This is so that an equivalent NS-SEC class for full-time students and long-term unemployed based on their current or last main job can be derived if necessary (e.g. for time series purposes). When deriving NS-SEC for the whole adult population, the following priority order should be taken: - Full-time students - Long-term unemployed - Never worked - NS-SEC based on current or last main job - Occupation not adequately described - Not classified for other reasons

Ethnic Group Inputs The following guidance sets out the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for use in social surveys in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. They have been developed through consultation and workshops with key stakeholders that have included:

Scottish Government (SG) / National Records of Scotland (NRS) Welsh Government (WG) Office of the First Minister & Deputy First Minister/ Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency Equality and Human Rights Commission Data Standards Working Group Other government departments Academic

A large proportion of government surveys are interviewer-led (e.g. Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing, face-to-face and Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing). However, self-completion modes of administration (e.g. paper-based, Computer Assisted Self Interviewing and internet) are also widely in use in surveys. Some variation in the way the questions need to be asked exists between different modes of administration and as such they have been outlined in three formats:

Face-to-face interviewer led surveys (e.g. show card format) including harmonised country specific, GB and UK variables. The recommended wording of the question is also provided in these sections

Broken down by variable as they would appear in telephone surveys or other two-part interviewer led surveys including harmonised country specific, GB and UK variables.

Tabulated to show GB/UK outputs for surveys as they would appear on self-completion, paper-based surveys. This includes the harmonised country specific questions and country specific questions when using the England and Wales question for Scotland.

Some ethnicity classifications vary between countries due to the specific legal requirements:

For Scotland specific requirements came out of a review of the way Scottish surveys classified

ethnicity following recommendations made by the Race Equality Advisory Forum in 2001 and community concerns about the classification used in Scotland’s 2001 Census. The review was conducted by SG and NRS and identified the benefits for developing a separate national identity and new ethnicity classification for use on the Scottish Census and relevant Scottish Official Statistics. Both questions used together would allow people to self-express their ‘Scottish-ness’, ‘British-ness’ or any other national identity before expressing their ethnic origin. The new ethnicity

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classification was published in July 2008 and details of the classification (including research, consultation and question testing) can be found at http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2008/07/29095058/0. The classification was discussed by Members of the Scottish Parliament during considerations of the 2011 Census in Scotland and was subsequently amended for use in the Census. Details of the committee discussions can be seen in the Official Reports of the Economy, Energy and Tourism Committee (9th and 12th meetings). http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/s3/committees/eet/2010.htm.

For Northern Ireland specific requirements comply with the Good Friday Agreement (where it

isn’t acceptable to ask respondents to choose between ‘Northern Irish/British’ and ‘Irish identities’) and legislation under the Race Relations (NI) Order 1997 which outlaws discrimination on grounds of colour, race, nationality or ethnic or national origin. The Irish Traveller community is specifically identified in the Order as a racial group against which racial discrimination is unlawful.

It is recommended that the ethnic group question will be asked in a way that allows the respondent to see all possible response options before making their decision. Therefore, in face-to-face interviewer-led surveys, a single show card should be used which presents all response options. Similarly, a self-completion survey (e.g. paper-based) should use a single question. The show card presentation and paper-based surveys should include the instruction ‘please describe’ in brackets and non-bold font following the ‘any other’ response options. When collecting GB or UK data, the format of the question will vary slightly depending on whether data is being collected in England, Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland. Each of the constituent countries has different requirements which have led to the use of different terminology and different questions (as discussed previously). Therefore, if producing outputs for surveys with GB or UK coverage and using the Scotland harmonised country specific questions, response categories can only be aggregated and presented at the main level category (due to these differences). It is recommended that the harmonised country specific questions should be used. It is recognised that in rare cases not all GB or UK wide surveys will have the resources required to ask different questions in different countries. In these rare situations the ‘England and Wales’ question can be used in Scotland. However, as stated in Principle 4 of the Code of Practice for Official Statistics, an explanation should be provided as to why this decision was made. Harmonised country specific ethnic group question: England Below is the recommended ethnic group question for use in England. This question is recommended when a show card is used in a face to face interview or self completion survey (both paper and electronic).

Box 2.1. Ethnic group question for England when show card is used for face to face interview or self completion survey Applies to all Interviewer to read: What is your ethnic group? Choose one option that best describes your ethnic group or background White 1. English / Welsh / Scottish / Northern Irish / British 2. Irish 3. Gypsy or Irish Traveller 4. Any other White background, please describe Mixed / Multiple ethnic groups 5. White and Black Caribbean 6. White and Black African 7. White and Asian 8. Any other Mixed / Multiple ethnic background, please describe Asian / Asian British 9. Indian 10. Pakistani 11. Bangladeshi 12. Chinese

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13. Any other Asian background, please describe Black / African / Caribbean / Black British 14. African 15. Caribbean 16. Any other Black / African / Caribbean background, please describe Other ethnic group 17. Arab 18. Any other ethnic group, please describe

Harmonised country specific ethnic group question: Wales Below is the recommended ethnic group question for use in Wales. This question is recommended when a show card is used in a face to face interview or self completion survey (both paper and electronic).

Box 2.2. Ethnic group question for Wales when show card is used for face to face interview or self completion survey Applies to all Interviewer to read: What is your ethnic group? Choose one option that best describes your ethnic group or background White 1. Welsh / English / Scottish / Northern Irish / British 2. Irish 3. Gypsy or Irish Traveller 4. Any other White background, please describe Mixed / Multiple ethnic groups 5. White and Black Caribbean 6. White and Black African 7. White and Asian 8. Any other Mixed / Multiple ethnic background, please describe Asian / Asian British 9. Indian 10. Pakistani 11. Bangladeshi 12. Chinese 13. Any other Asian background, please describe Black / African / Caribbean / Black British 14. African 15. Caribbean 16. Any other Black / African / Caribbean background, please describe Other ethnic group 17. Arab 18. Any other ethnic group, please describe

Harmonised country specific ethnic group question: Scotland Below (Box 2.3) is the recommended ethnic group question for use in Scotland. This question is recommended when a show card is used in a face to face interview or self completion survey (both paper and electronic). This question has been developed to enable direct comparison with the Scottish Census and other sources in Scotland. It is important to note when producing outputs for surveys with GB or UK coverage, if using Box 2.3, some of the response categories can only be harmonised at the main level category. Footnotes should also be included to explain the differences in the data collection process (as explained in the Primary Standards outputs).

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Box 2.3. Ethnic group question for Scotland when show card is used for face to face interview or self completion survey Applies to all Interviewer to read: What is your ethnic group? Choose one option that best describes your ethnic group or background White 1. Scottish 2. Other British 3. Irish 4. Gypsy/Traveller 5. Polish 6. Any other White ethnic group, please describe Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups 7. Any Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups, please describe Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British 8. Pakistani, Pakistani Scottish or Pakistani British 9. Indian, Indian Scottish or Indian British 10. Bangladeshi, Bangladeshi Scottish or Bangladeshi British 11. Chinese, Chinese Scottish or Chinese British 12. Any other Asian, please describe African 13. African, African Scottish or African British 14. Any other African, please describe Caribbean or Black 15. Caribbean, Caribbean Scottish or Caribbean British 16. Black, Black Scottish or Black British 17. Any other Caribbean or Black, please describe Other ethnic group 18. Arab, Arab Scottish or Arab British 19. Any other ethnic group, please describe

When it is not feasible to ask the recommended country specific Scotland ethnic group question, the question in Box 2.4 (the recommended question for England and Wales) should be used (putting the Scottish option first in the response categories).

Box 2.4. Ethnic group question for Scotland when show card is used for face to face interview or self completion survey (when it is not suitable to use the recommended ethnic group question) Applies to all Interviewer to read: What is your ethnic group? Choose one option that best describes your ethnic group or background White 1. Scottish / English / Welsh / Northern Irish / British 2. Irish 3. Gypsy / Traveller 4. Any other White background, please describe Mixed / Multiple ethnic groups 5. White and Black Caribbean 6. White and Black African 7. White and Asian 8. Any other Mixed / Multiple ethnic background, please describe Asian / Asian British 9. Indian

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10. Pakistani 11. Bangladeshi 12. Chinese 13. Any other Asian background, please describe Black / African / Caribbean / Black British 14. African 15. Caribbean 16. Any other Black / African / Caribbean background, please describe Other ethnic group 17. Arab 18. Any other ethnic group, please describe

Harmonised country specific ethnic group question: Northern Ireland Below (Box 2.5) is the recommended ethnic group question for Northern Ireland. This question is recommended when a show card is used in a face to face interview or self completion survey both paper and electronic.

Box 2.5 Ethnic group question for Northern Ireland when show card is used for face to face interview or self completion survey Applies to all Interviewer to read: What is your ethnic group? Choose one option that best describes your ethnic group or background 1. White 2. Irish Traveller Mixed / Multiple ethnic groups 3. White and Black Caribbean 4. White and Black African 5. White and Asian 6. Any other Mixed / Multiple ethnic background, please describe Asian / Asian British 7. Indian 8. Pakistani 9. Bangladeshi 10. Chinese 11. Any other Asian background, please describe Black / African / Caribbean / Black British 12. African 13. Caribbean 14. Any other Black / African / Caribbean background, please describe Other ethnic group 15. Arab 16. Any other ethnic group, please describe

Harmonised country specific ethnic group questions recommended for telephone surveys Where use of a show card is not possible (e.g. telephone surveys), the question should be asked in stages due to the length of the question. The recommended stages are presented in Box 2.6 (Part 1 and Part 2). The interviewer should use the word ‘or’ after each response option in parts 1 and 2 of the two-stage question. A pause in speech should be used to indicate a forward slash (/). For Scotland ‘or’ is used instead of a forward slash.

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Box 2.6. Ethnic group question for telephone interview (as applied on the LFS) PART 1 ETH11 Applies to all Interviewer to read: What is your ethnic group? I will read out the options, choose one option that best describes your ethnic group or background In England and Wales

Interviewer to read options:

1. White, or 2. Mixed/ Multiple ethnic groups, or 3. Asian/ Asian British, or 4. Black/ African/ Caribbean/ Black British, or 5. Chinese, or 6. Arab, or 7. Other ethnic group

In Scotland

Interviewer to read options:

1. White or 2. Mixed or Multiple Ethnic group, or 3. Asian or Asian Scottish or Asian British, or 4. African or 5. Caribbean or Black or 6. Arab or 7. Other ethnic group

In Northern Ireland

Interviewer to read options: 1. White, or 2. Irish Traveller, or 3. Mixed/ Multiple ethnic groups, or 4. Asian/ Asian British, or 5. Black/ African/ Caribbean/ Black British, or 6. Chinese, or 7. Arab, or 8. Other ethnic group

PART 2 Interviewer to read: And which one of these best describes your ethnic group or background?

ETHNIC-WHITE (ETHWH) Applies if ETH11=1 in England

Interviewer to read options:

1. English / Welsh / Scottish / Northern Irish / British, or 2. Irish, or 3. Gypsy or Irish Traveller, or

4. Any other White background?

Applies if ETH11=1 in Wales

Interviewer to read options:

1. Welsh / English / Scottish / Northern Irish / British, or 2. Irish, or 3. Gypsy or Irish Traveller, or

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4. Any other White background?

Applies if ETH11=1 in Scotland

Interviewer to read options:

1. Scottish or 2. Other British or 3. Irish or 4. Gypsy traveller or 5. Polish or 6. Any other white ethnic group?

ETHNIC- MIXED (ETHMX) Applies if ETH11=2 in England, Wales or 3 in Northern Ireland

Interviewer to read options: 1. White and Black Caribbean, or 2. White and Black African, or 3. White and Asian, or 4. Any other mixed / multiple ethnic background?

ETHNIC- ASIAN (ETHAS) Applies if ETH11=3 in England or Wales or 4 in Northern Ireland

Interviewer to read options: 1. Indian, or 2. Pakistani, or 3. Bangladeshi, or 4. Any other Asian background?

Applies if ETH11=3 in Scotland

Interviewer to read options: 1. Pakistani, Pakistani Scottish or Pakistani British or 2. Indian, Indian Scottish or Indian British or 3. Bangladeshi, Bangladeshi Scottish or Bangladeshi British or 4. Chinese, Chinese Scottish or Chinese British or 5. Any other Asian group

ETHNIC-BLACK (ETHBL) Applies if ETH11=4 in England or Wales or 5 in Northern Ireland

Interviewer to read options:

1. African, or

2. Caribbean, or 3. Any other Black / African / Caribbean background?

ETHNIC- AFRICAN (ETHAF) SCOTLAND ONLY Applies if ETH11=4 in Scotland

Interviewer to read options:

1. African, African Scottish or African British or 2. Any other African group?

ETHNIC-CARIBBEAN (ETHCB) SCOTLAND ONLY

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Applies if ETH11=5 in Scotland

Interviewer to read options:

1. Caribbean, Caribbean Scottish or Caribbean British or 2. Black, Black Scottish or Black British or 3. Any other Caribbean or Black group?

ETHNIC-OTHER (ETHOTH)

Applies if ETH11=7 in England, Wales or Scotland, or ETH11=8 in Northern Ireland Or for England, Wales and Northern Ireland ETHWH=4 Or ETHMX=4 Or ETHAS=5 Or ETHBL=3

Or for Scotland where

ETHWH=6 Or ETHAS=5 Or ETHAF=2 Or ETHCB=3

Interviewer to read: Please can you describe your ethnic group or background? Record respondent’s answer

__________________________________________________________________________

Ethnic Group Outputs Data presentation for ethnic group outputs: harmonised country specific, GB and UK Data presentation for harmonised country specific outputs Box 2.7 shows how to present data separately for the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England and Wales, presentation should follow order of categories as described previously in Box 2.1 and Box 2.2. Note: XXX indicates where data will be in the presentation table.

Box 2.7 Data presentation for England and Wales harmonised country specific ethnic group question

White English/ Welsh/ Scottish/ Northern Irish/ British XXX Irish XXX Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller * XXX Any other White background XXX Mixed/ Multiple ethnic groups White and Black Caribbean XXX White and Black African XXX White and Asian XXX Any other Mixed/ Multiple ethnic background XXX Asian/ Asian British Indian XXX Pakistani XXX

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Bangladeshi XXX Chinese XXX Any other Asian background XXX Black/ African/ Caribbean/ Black British African XXX Caribbean XXX Any other Black/ African/ Caribbean background XXX Other ethnic group Arab XXX Any other ethnic group XXX Issues to note when presenting data based on using the country specific harmonised country specific ethnic group question for England and Wales *There are differences in data collection across GB (Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller is collected in England and Wales and ‘Gypsy/Traveller’ is collected in Scotland). Where numbers are too small or disclosive the category should be merged with ‘Other White. It is recommended that 'Roma' responses are included under 'Other ethnic group' and a footnote should be presented to clarify this.

Box 2.8 shows how to present data for the harmonised country specific ethnic group question for Scotland; presentation should follow order of categories as described previously in Box 2.3.

Box 2.8 Presentation for ethnic group data if using the harmonised country specific Scottish ethnic group question

White Scottish XXX Other British XXX Irish XXX Gypsy/Traveller XXX Polish XXX Any other white ethnic group XXX Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups Any mixed or multiple ethnic groups XXX Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British Pakistani, Pakistani Scottish or Pakistani British XXX Indian, Indian Scottish or Indian British XXX Bangladeshi, Bangladeshi Scottish or Bangladeshi British XXX Chinese, Chinese Scottish or Chinese British XXX Any other Asian XXX African African, African Scottish or African British XXX Any other African XXX Caribbean or Black Caribbean, Caribbean Scottish or Caribbean British XXX Black, Black Scottish or Black British XXX Any other Caribbean or Black XXX Other ethnic group Arab, Arab Scottish or Arab British XXX Any other ethnic group XXX

When the England and Wales question is used in Scotland the order of presentation of responses should follow order of categories in Box 2.7 (putting Scotland first). When presenting data for the harmonised country specific question for Northern Ireland presentation should follow order of categories as described below in Box 2.9.

Box 2.9 Data presentation for Northern Ireland harmonised country specific ethnic group question

White XXX Irish Traveller* XXX Mixed/ Multiple ethnic groups White and Black Caribbean XXX

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White and Black African XXX White and Asian XXX Any other Mixed/ Multiple ethnic background XXX Asian/ Asian British Indian XXX Pakistani XXX Bangladeshi XXX Chinese XXX Any other Asian background XXX Black/ African/ Caribbean/ Black British African XXX Caribbean XXX Any other Black/ African/ Caribbean background XXX Other ethnic group Arab XXX Any other ethnic group XXX Issues to note when presenting data based on using the harmonised country specific ethnic group question for Northern Ireland *For Northern Ireland ‘Irish Traveller’ is collected under its own ethnic group and should be presented as Irish Traveller’. Where ‘Irish Traveller’ ‘numbers are small or disclosive it is recommended to output to ‘Any other ethnic group’. Note that 'Roma' responses should be recorded under 'Other ethnic group'. Northern Ireland's framework for monitoring minority ethnic and migrant people' published by the Office of the First Minister and deputy First Minister in July 2011 recommends that Roma is categorised under 'Other' ethnic group. This is because there is a distinct category for Irish Travellers, who by law (Race Relations Order) are categorised as an ethnic group in their own right. Roma is not a subset of the Irish Traveller group and the need is to have accurate data on both Roma and on Irish Travellers.

Data presentation for GB output If the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England, Wales and Scotland are used to produce a GB output then the presentation of data should follow order of responses in Box 2.10. It is important to note that due to some of the differences in the format and wording of Scotland’s harmonised country specific ethnic group question some responses are not directly comparable. Response categories should be aggregated and presented at the main level category with footnotes to explain the differences in the data collection process.

Box 2.10 Presentation for ethnic group data in GB when using the harmonised country specific questions for England, Wales and Scotland

White English/ Welsh/ Scottish/ Northern Irish/ British XXX Irish XXX Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller * XXX Any other White background** XXX Mixed/ Multiple ethnic groups*** XXX Asian/ Asian British Indian XXX Pakistani XXX Bangladeshi XXX Chinese XXX Any other Asian background XXX Black/ African/ Caribbean/ Black British**** XXX Other ethnic group Arab XXX Any other ethnic group XXX Issues to note when presenting GB data based on using the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England, Wales and Scotland * If data too small or potentially disclosive it should be combined with ‘Other White’. There are

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differences in data collection across GB - Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller is collected in England and Wales and ‘Gypsy/Traveller’ is collected in Scotland. It is also recommended that 'Roma' responses are included under 'Other ethnic group' and a footnote should be presented to clarify this, however for Scotland it is likely that some ‘Roma’ might be included under Gypsy/Traveller. **The Polish category from the country specific question for Scotland should be combined with the ‘Other White’ category. Also be aware of the possibility that ‘White Africans’ could have been recorded under ‘African’ and ‘Other White’ in Scotland. *** Mixed/multiple ethnic groups isn’t broken down for the country specific question for Scotland and a footnote should be included to explain differences in data collection. **** Differences in the terminology and data collection of the country specific Scotland question make these categories difficult to compare. The ‘African’ category in the Scottish question is presented in a separate section to the Caribbean or Black category, however under the harmonised output these two categories are output as part of ‘Black/African/Caribbean/Black British’. The African categories used in Scotland could potentially capture ‘White/Asian/Other African in addition to Black identities.

If the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions are followed for both England and Wales and the same question is used for Scotland then the presentation format for ethnic group data should follow that of Box 2.11. Box 2.11 Presentation for GB output when using the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England and Wales and the same question for Scotland

White English/ Welsh/ Scottish/ Northern Irish/ British XXX Irish XXX Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller * XXX Any other White background XXX Mixed/ Multiple ethnic groups White and Black Caribbean XXX White and Black African XXX White and Asian XXX Any other Mixed/ Multiple ethnic background XXX Asian/ Asian British Indian XXX Pakistani XXX Bangladeshi XXX Chinese XXX Any other Asian background XXX Black/ African/ Caribbean/ Black British African XXX Caribbean XXX Any other Black/ African/ Caribbean background XXX Other ethnic group Arab XXX Any other ethnic group XXX Issues to note when presenting GB data based on using the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England and Wales and using the same question for Scotland * Where numbers are small or disclosive for England, Wales and Scotland it is recommended to output to ‘Other White’. There are differences in data collection across GB - Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller is collected in England and Wales and ‘Gypsy/Traveller’ is collected in Scotland. It is recommended that 'Roma' responses are included under 'Other ethnic group' and a footnote should be presented to clarify this, however for Scotland it is likely that some ‘Roma’ might be included under Gypsy/Traveller.

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Data presentation for full UK output If the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are used to produce a UK output then the presentation of data should follow Box 2.12. It is important to note that due to some of the differences in the format and wording of the Scotland harmonised country specific ethnic group question some responses are not directly comparable. Response categories should be aggregated and presented at the main level category with footnotes to explain the differences in the data collection process.

Box 2.12 Presentation for ethnic group data in the UK when using harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland.

White* XXX Irish Traveller ** XXX Mixed/ Multiple ethnic groups*** XXX Asian/ Asian British Indian XXX Pakistani XXX Bangladeshi XXX Chinese XXX Any other Asian background XXX Black/ African/ Caribbean/ Black British**** XXX Other ethnic group Arab XXX Any other ethnic group***** XXX Issues to note when presenting UK data based on using the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland * This category could include Polish responses from the country specific question for Scotland which would have been outputted to ‘Other White’ and then included under ‘White’ for UK (also see ** for issue with Gypsy, Traveller and Irish Traveller). Also be aware of the possibility that ‘White Africans’ could have been recorded under ‘Other White’ and then included under ‘White’ for UK. ** For Northern Ireland, ‘Irish Traveller is collected under its own ethnic group. Where numbers for ‘Irish Traveller’ are small or disclosive in Northern Ireland it is recommended to output to ‘Other ethnic group’. Where numbers are small or disclosive for England, Wales and Scotland it is recommended to output to ‘Other White’. There are differences in data collection across the UK for ‘Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller’, which make it difficult to produce a UK estimate. Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller is collected in England and Wales and ‘Gypsy/Traveller’ is collected in Scotland and they are both output under ‘White’. However, if there is a need to show a UK output for, 'Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller'(and the numbers are not small or disclosive,) the responses from the GB questions can be combined with the responses from the 'Irish Traveller' category from Northern Ireland. It is recommended that 'Roma' responses are included under 'Other ethnic group' and a footnote should be presented to clarify this, however for Scotland it is likely that some ‘Roma’ might be included under Gypsy/Traveller . Northern Ireland's framework for monitoring minority ethnic and migrant people' published by the Office of the First Minister and deputy First Minister in July 2011 recommends that Roma is categorised under 'Other' ethnic group. This is because there is a distinct category for Irish Travellers, who by law (Race Relations Order) are categorised as an ethnic group in their own right. Roma is not a subset of the Irish Traveller group and the need is to have accurate data on both Roma and on Irish Travellers). ***This classification isn’t broken down for the country specific question for Scotland and a footnote should be included to explain differences in data collection. ****Differences in the terminology and data collection of the country specific Scotland question make these categories difficult to compare. The ‘African’ category in the Scottish question is presented in a separate section to the ‘Caribbean’ or ‘Black’ category, however, under the harmonised output these two categories are output as part of Black/African/Caribbean/Black British’. The African categories used in Scotland could potentially capture ‘White/Asian/Other African’ in addition to ‘Black’ identities. *****See Irish Travellers above

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If the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England, Wales and Northern Ireland are used along with the England and Wales question for Scotland then the presentation of data should follow Box 2.13 with footnotes to explain differences in data collection.

Box 2.13 Data presentation for a UK output when using harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England, Wales and Northern Ireland and the England and Wales ethnic group question for Scotland

White* XXX Irish Traveller ** XXX Mixed/ Multiple ethnic groups White and Black Caribbean XXX White and Black African XXX White and Asian XXX Any other Mixed/ Multiple ethnic background XXX Asian/ Asian British Indian XXX Pakistani XXX Bangladeshi XXX Chinese XXX Any other Asian background XXX Black/ African/ Caribbean/ Black British African XXX Caribbean XXX Any other Black/ African/ Caribbean background XXX Other ethnic group Arab XXX Any other ethnic group*** XXX Issues to note when presenting UK data based on using the harmonised country specific ethnic group questions for England, Wales and Northern Ireland and the England and Wales question for Scotland * There are differences in data collection across the UK for ‘Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller which make it difficult to produce a UK estimate see **. ** For Northern Ireland, ‘Irish Traveller is collected under its own ethnic group and should be presented as Irish Traveller’. Where numbers for ‘Irish Traveller’ are small or disclosive in Northern Ireland it is recommended to output to ‘Other ethnic group’ (***). Where numbers are small or disclosive for England, Wales and Scotland it is recommended to output to ‘Other White’. There are differences in data collection across the UK for ‘Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller’, which make it difficult to produce a UK estimate. Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller is collected in England and Wales and ‘Gypsy/Traveller’ is collected in Scotland and they are both output under ‘White’. However, if there is a need to show a UK output for, 'Gypsy, Traveller or Irish Traveller'(and the numbers are not small or disclosive,) the responses from the GB questions can be combined with the responses from the 'Irish Traveller' category from Northern Ireland. It is recommended that 'Roma' responses are included under 'Other ethnic group' and a footnote should be presented to clarify this, however for Scotland it is likely that some ‘Roma’ might be included under Gypsy/Traveller. Northern Ireland's framework for monitoring minority ethnic and migrant people' published by the Office of the First Minister and deputy First Minister in July 2011 recommends that Roma is categorised under 'Other' ethnic group. This is because there is a distinct category for Irish Travellers, who by law (Race Relations Order) are categorised as an ethnic group in their own right. Roma is not a subset of the Irish Traveller group and the need is to have accurate data on both Roma and on Irish Travellers).

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Annex A (FOR REFERENCE ONLY)

Box 3.1 2001 Harmonised ethnic group question/single presentation What is your ethnic group? Choose one section from A to E, then select the appropriate option to indicate your ethnic group [GB]

A. White British Any other White background, please write in

B. Mixed White and Black Caribbean White and Black African White and Asian Any other Mixed background, please write in

C. Asian or Asian British Indian Pakistani Bangladeshi Any other Asian background, please write in

D. Black or Black British Caribbean African Any other Black background, please write in

E. Chinese or other ethnic group Chinese Any other, please write in

Box 3.2 2001 Harmonised ethnic group question for two-stage ethnic group question Eth01 GB To which of these ethnic groups do you consider you belong. Is it... Running prompt - code first that apply

White Mixed Asian or Asian British Black or Black British Chinese, or Other ethnic group?

Applies to all Eth01NI NI To which of these ethnic groups do you consider you belong. Is it... Running prompt - code first that apply

White Mixed Asian Black Chinese, or Other ethnic group?

Applies to all EthWh GB And to which of these groups do you consider you belong

British Another White background?

Asked if: Eth01 = White

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EthWhNI NI And to which of these groups do you consider you belong

Irish Traveller Another White background?

Asked if: Eth01 = White EthMx UK And to which of these groups do you consider you belong

White and Black Caribbean White and Black African White and Asian, or Another Mixed background?

Asked if: Eth01 = Mixed EthAs UK And to which of these groups do you consider you belong

Indian Pakistani Bangladeshi, or Another Asian background?

Asked if: Eth01 = AsianAB EthBl UK And to which of these groups do you consider you belong

Caribbean African, or Another Black background?

Asked if: Eth01 = BlackBB Eth0th UK Please can you describe your ethnic group Enter description of ethnic group Asked if: (Eth01 = Other) OR (Ethwh = WhitAO) OR (EthMx = MXOth) OR (EthBl = BlackO) OR (EthAs = AsiOth) OR (Eth01NI = Other) OR (EthWhNI = WhitAO) Eth02 UK Press space bar to enter coding frame Asked if: (Eth01 = Other) OR (Ethwh = WhitAO) OR (EthMx = MXOth) OR (EthBl = BlackO) OR (EthAs = AsiOth) OR (Eth01NI = Other) OR (EthWhNI = WhitAO)

F ________________________________________________________________________

Full or Part-time Work (self-assessed) Inputs The LFS check on extreme counter-intuitive values (40 or more hours per week described as "part-time"; less than 16 hours described as "full-time") which was included in the 1995 edition has been removed. Not all surveys have the hours questions required for the check. Those which do, might carry a soft check, to preclude miss keying, but should ultimately accept the respondent's view.

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IF IN EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS

– In your (main) job were you working:

1. full time 2. or part-time?

Interviewer instructions:

Let the respondent decide whether the job is full time or part time.

_________________________________________________________________ Full or part-time work (self-assessed) Outputs See Economic Status section.

G Gender Outputs Output categories

Male XXXFemale XXXAll persons XXXX

* Note: The GSS has an agreed policy on the publication of sex-disaggregated statistics:

“The GSS aims always to collect and make available, for example in publications, statistics disaggregated by sex, except where considerations of practicality or cost outweigh the identified need. All GSS publications contain the name and contact details of a person who can explain which, if any, of the statistics are available by sex and how they can be obtained.”

General Health Inputs General Health ASK IN PERSON IF AGE >= 16; ASK BY PROXY IF AGE <16 OR PERSON UNFIT TO RESPOND IN PERSON GENERAL HEALTH One question providing a measure of subjective self-reported well-being for use in social surveys and suitable for data collection using CAPI, CATI and paper-based and online self completion forms. Consistent with the question asked in the 2011 Census and with the EU-SILC and European Health Interview Survey Minimum European Health Module harmonisation standard, so direct comparison with these sources are possible.

Ask All How is your health in general? Is it…….

1. Very Good 2. Good 3. Fair 4. Bad 5. Very Bad

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This question has replaced the question on General Health previously used in the 2001 Census and social survey data sources from 2008 onwards.

General Health Outputs There is one question on general health covered in this section which asks about self-assessed health which has been shown to be a good predictor of demands for health services and is used in the construction of health expectancy metrics such as Healthy Life Expectancy. The full five scaled output categories can be used in longitudinal sources to measure change in general health status among individuals; and in cross-sectional data sources to measure change in the proportion of the population classified to each category over time in time series cross-sections. The variable can also be collapsed into a dichotomised scale to measure the proportion of the population in ‘Good’ or ‘Poor’ general health, and trichotomised into ‘Good’ ‘Fair’ and ‘Poor’ general health as undertaken in some Eurostat publications. The Office for National Statistics dichotomises this variable to compute the Healthy Life Expectancy Metric; details of how this is calculated is available on the ONS website: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/StatBase/Product.asp?vlnk=12964&Pos=1&ColRank=2&Rank=272 This question replaced a different question on general health using a three category scale. An investigation into the change in the time series and the impact on estimates of healthy life expectancy was reported on in a Health Statistics Quarterly article published in 2009 and available on the ONS website at: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/article.asp?ID=2140&Pos=1&ColRank=1&Rank=240 Output categories: General Health

How is your health in general? Is it…. Code General health (5 point scale) Nominal scale

Very good 1Good 2Fair 3Bad 4Very bad 5Dichotomous output categories ‘Good Health’ = 1 OR = 2‘Poor Health’ = 3 OR = 4 OR = 5Trichotomous output categories ‘Good Health’ = 1 OR = 2‘Fair Health’ = 3‘Poor Health’ = 4 OR = 5

The justification for the dichotomous collapses is the linkage between reports of ‘Fair’ general health and the prevalence of limiting long-standing illness or disability. Estimates using General Lifestyle Survey data from 2005 and 2006 found more than half those reporting their general health as ‘Fair’ also reported a limiting long-standing illness or disability, while less than 10 per cent of those reporting their general health as ‘Good’ or ‘Very Good’ did so. These findings are available in an HSQ article available for download from the ONS website at: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/article.asp?ID=2140&Pos=1&ColRank=1&Rank=240

Geography Outputs Geography is key to virtually all National Statistics. Most data events can be referenced to a specific location or area, so geography is important throughout the statistical process, from survey design through to the final publication of results.

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But geography is more than a static classification of areas: different geographic areas overlap, are subject to boundary change and are also subject to changes of name and code. Geography is highly dynamic and potentially confusing. For this reason the geography pages of the National Statistics website offer a range of resources to help users understand geography and utilise the correct geographic information. The main resources available are:

Code History Database (CHD)Register of Geographic Codes (RGC) Area names and codes files Presentational guidance A Beginners Guide to ONS Geography

These are explained briefly below: Code History Database (CHD) and Register of Geographic Codes (RGC) Correct names and codes are essential when manipulating data in computer systems. In addition it is important that all names and codes used reflect the relevant date. The CHD is updated twice a year and contains definitive names and codes of a range of areas used for statistical output. This includes administrative areas, health areas, parliamentary areas, census geographies for 2001 and 2011and others. The Register of Geographic Codes (RGC) is a quick reference list which summarises code ranges for these geographies and provides other reference information. Area Names and Codes Files These also provide definitive names and codes of a range of geographic areas. In this case there is a specific file for each geography and each year. Presentation Orders for Government Statistics Should data for different geographic areas be presented alphabetically or in some specific order? Guidance is available on the recommended standard presentation orders for administrative, health, electoral and 2011 super output areas. Explanations of different geographic areas What is a unitary authority? How does it differ from a metropolitan district? And how many national parks are there in the UK? Answers to all of these can be found in the Beginners' Guide to UK Geography, an online encyclopaedia of geographic information. Further information on geographic classifications used by ONS is available from ONS Geography Customer Services at: ONS Geography Customer Services Room 1300 Office for National Statistics Segensworth Road Titchfield Hants PO15 5RR Tel no 01329 444971 E-mail ons.geography@ons.gsi.gov.uk

H Household Motor Vehicles Inputs Two question options are given: a simple option and a more detailed version.

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Simple question ALL HOUSEHOLDS MOTOR VEHICLES How many cars or vans are owned or available to the household: 0,1,2,3,or 4+ Include company cars (if available for private use). Detailed question HAVE ANY MOTOR VEHICLE? Do you, or any members of your household, at present own or have continuous use of any of the motor vehicles listed on this card? Include company cars (if available for private use). Please remember to include not just cars but also light vans, motorbikes, scooters and mopeds.

1. yes 2. no

TYPE OF MOTOR VEHICLE For each vehicle in turn, I would now like to ask you about the first/second/third… vehicle. Is it…

1. a 4-wheel car (side windows behind driver) - include multi-purpose vehicles and people carriers.

2. a 4-wheel drive passenger vehicle (side windows behind driver) eg Landrover, Jeep or similar.

3. a 3-wheel car (side windows behind driver) 4. a light van (no side windows behind driver) - include pick-ups and car-based

vans. 5. some other type of van or lorry 6. a motorcycle / scooter (with or without sidecar) 7. a moped 8 some other motor vehicle (please specify)

Notes: Mobility scooters to be excluded even if they can be used on the roads VEHICLE OWNERSHIP Is (the vehicle)…..

1. privately owned 2. or is it a company vehicle?

Notes: ‘Privately Owned’ includes vehicles:

being bought on hire purchase used continuously i.e. for private as well as business purposes

‘A Company Vehicle’ is any car for which someone in the household pays company vehicle tax. It includes cars supplied by an employer, spouse’s employer etc. Company cars provided exclusively for company business where no private usage is permitted should be excluded (at the first question on vehicle ownership or continuous use). Cars purchased from an employer should be coded as privately owned. ALL HOUSEHOLDS MOBILITY SCOOTERS

– Does anyone in your household have the use of a powered mobility scooter? 1 yes 2 no

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ALL HOUSEHOLDS WITH A VEHICLE (CODE NON-ZERO AT MOTOR VEHICLES QUESTION) PARKING (new question)

– Where is the vehicle usually parked overnight? Is it…. 1. in the garage (at this address)? 2. not garaged but still on the property of this address? 3. on the street or public highway? 4. or elsewhere (at or near your home)? (Please specify) 5. (Does not usually park at or near home)

Household Motor Vehicles Outputs There have been minor changes to the wording of questions since 1996/97 but these are unlikely to affect outputs significantly. The most recent changes are the inclusion of separate categories for specific types of vehicle, in particular allowing 4-wheel drive vehicles to be separately identified, and the addition of questions about mobility scooters. Output Categories: Household motor vehicles

Household owns or has continuous use of: No motor vehicles * XXXX One or more motor vehicles * XXXX 1 XXXX 2 XXXX 3 4 or more

XXXX XXXX

All households XXXXX

* Note: Motor vehicles include cars, multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), light vans and motor cycles, but not mobility scooters. Output Categories: Parking of motor vehicle

Motor vehicle parked:

in garage at this address on the property of this address on the street elsewhere nearby

does not usually park at or near home All households with motor vehicles Output Categories: Powered Mobility Scooters

Use of powered mobility scooter:

Yes No

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Household Reference Person Inputs The household reference person is:

the member of the household in whose name the accommodation is owned or rented, or is otherwise responsible for the accommodation. In households with a sole householder that person is the household reference person

In households with joint householders the person with the highest income is taken as the household reference person.

If both householders have exactly the same income, the older is taken as the household reference person.

Note that this definition does not require a question about people’s actual incomes; only a question about who has the highest income.

NAME OF OWNER OR RENTER IF MORE THAN ONE PERSON IN HOUSEHOLD WITH AGE >= 16

– In whose name is the accommodation owned or rented? HIGHEST INCOME IF THERE ARE JOINT HOUSEHOLDERS

– You have told me that [names] jointly own or rent the accommodation. Which of them has the highest income (from earnings, benefits, pensions and any other sources)? IF TWO OR MORE JOINT HOUSEHOLDERS HAVE THE SAME INCOME, OR IF DON’T KNOW OR REFUSAL AT HIGHEST INCOME, SELECT THE ELDEST. IF RESPONDENT ASKS FOR PERIOD TO AVERAGE OVER - LAST 12 MONTHS, AS CONVENIENT. HOUSEHOLD REFERENCE PERSON CHECK ALL HOUSEHOLDS

The household reference person has been computed as [name]

Household Relationships Inputs A separate grid for relationships should make it easier for surveys that do not need the full matrix to substitute a single question asking relationship to the household reference person. The grid here assumes computer assisted interviewing. ALL PERSONS

– Name and person number Computed from previous grid

RELATIONSHIPS ALL PERSONS

– Code relationship of each household member to the others

1. Spouse 2. Civil Partner ** 3. Cohabiting partner * 4. Son/daughter (incl. adopted) 5. Step-son/daughter 6. Foster child 7. Son-in-law/daughter-in-law 8. Parent/guardian

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9. Step-parent 10. Foster parent 11. Parent-in-law 12. Brother/sister (incl. adopted) 13. Step-brother/sister 14. Foster brother/sister 15. Brother/sister-in-law 16. Grandchild 17. Grandparent 18. Other relative 19. Other non-relative

The list is detailed, but interviewers should not probe for relationships that are not volunteered or queried by respondents. The full relationships grid, showing relationship of each household member to all the others, will enable the computation of units within the household, such as family units and benefit units. Coding of such units directly by interviewers is error prone and it is difficult to correct errors later in the office. Notes * Includes same-sex couples who are not in a registered civil partnership. Treat relatives of cohabiting couples in the same way as relatives of spouses. ** Treat relatives of Civil Partners in the same way as relatives of spouses.

Interviewer instruction: You may want to introduce this section. A possible introduction is: “There are a lot of changes taking place in the make-up of households/families and this section is to help find out what these changes are. I’d like you to tell me the relationship of each member of the household to every other member.” The section must be asked for all households consisting of more than one person. Please ask in every case. You should not make assumptions about any relationship. Treat relatives of cohabiting members of the household (both opposite and same sex) as though the cohabiting couple were married, That is, the mother of a partner is coded as mother-in-law. Other relatives include cousins, nieces, nephews, aunts and uncles. You should probe on this question, but be sensitive. It may be that someone described as a 'son' or 'brother' earlier is actually a stepson or half-brother. Where possible, we want to know the true relationship. If you have doubts about any relationship, record as much information as possible to allow changes to coding later if appropriate. Half brothers/sisters should be coded with step-brothers/sisters. Edit: Checks that ages are consistent: – A PARENT/GUARDIAN SHOULD BE OLDER THAN THEIR CHILD hard check

– A CHILD SHOULD BE YOUNGER THAN THEIR PARENT/GUARDIAN hard check

– A FOSTER-PARENT SHOULD BE OLDER THAN THEIR FOSTER-CHILD hard check

– A FOSTER-CHILD SHOULD BE YOUNGER THAN THEIR FOSTER-PARENT hard check

– A GRANDPARENT SHOULD BE OLDER THAN THEIR GRANDCHILD hard check

– A GRANDCHILD SHOULD BE YOUNGER THAN THEIR GRANDPARENT hard check

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– A PARENT OR GRANDPARENT SHOULD BE OLDER THAN 15. CHECK AGE HAS BEEN RECORDED CORRECTLY soft check

– A STEP/ IN LAW-PARENT IS USUALLY OLDER THAN THEIR STEP/ IN LAW-CHILD, CHECK AGE HAS BEEN RECORDED CORRECTLY soft check

– A STEP-CHILD / CHILD-IN-LAW IS USUALLY YOUNGER THAN THEIR STEP/ IN LAW-PARENT, CHECK AGE HAS BEEN RECORDED CORRECTLY soft check

Check that Partnership status is consistent: – A MARRIED PARTNER MUST BE OF OPPOSITE SEX soft check

– A CIVIL PARTNER MUST BE OF THE SAME SEX soft check

– A COHABITING PARTNER IS USUALLY OF OPPOSITE SEX soft check

– YOU HAVE RECORDED THIS PERSON'S RELATIONSHIP AS COHABITEE, BUT BOTH PARTNERS' LIVING ARRANGEMENTS ARE NOT STATED AS COHABITING WITH SOMEONE CURRENTLY LIVING IN THE HOUSEHOLD. hard check – YOU HAVE RECORDED THIS PERSON'S RELATIONSHIP AS SPOUSE, BUT BOTH PARTNERS' PARTNERSHIP STATUS IS NOT STATED AS MARRIED WITH SOMEONE CURRENTLY LIVING IN THE HOUSEHOLD - IS THIS CORRECT? soft check

– YOU HAVE RECORDED THIS PERSON'S RELATIONSHIP AS A CIVIL PARTNER, BUT BOTH PARTNERS' PARTNERSHIP STATUS IS NOT STATED AS CIVIL PARTNERED WITH SOMEONE CURRENTLY LIVING IN THE HOUSEHOLD - IS THIS CORRECT? soft check

– [PERSON] IS NOT MARRIED AND NOT COHABITING SO HE/SHE CANNOT HAVE A PARTNER IN THE HOUSEHOLD. hard check

– YOU HAVE CODED THIS PERSON AS MARRIED, BUT AGE IS UNDER 16 - IS THIS CORRECT? soft check

– YOU HAVE CODED THIS PERSON AS CIVIL PARTNERED, BUT AGE IS UNDER 16 - IS THIS CORRECT? soft check

– YOU HAVE CODED THIS PERSON AS COHABITING, BUT AGE IS UNDER 16 - IS THIS CORRECT? soft check

– HRP MAY ONLY HAVE ONE (MAIN) SPOUSE OR PARTNER. hard check

Household and Household Response Unit: Definition The harmonised definition of a household for the purposes of analysis and publication is identical to that of the household response unit, which is used in defining the sample and data collection. The definition of a household is:

One person living alone; or

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a group of people (not necessarily related) living at the same address who share cooking facilities and share a living room or sitting room or dining area.

This definition of the household response unit has been used for the 2011 Census and used in social surveys conducted by the Office for National Statistics since the start of 2011. It differs only slightly from the definition used for the 1981, 1991 and 2001 Censuses which was:

One person or a group who have the accommodation as their only or main residence and (for a group of people) either share at least one meal a day or share the living accommodation.

In order to measure the impact of the introduction of the changed household definition, the Office for National Statistics developed a set of questions to be asked to interviewers for each address they visited. The questions were initially asked on the Opinions (OPN) survey in May and June 2010. Early analysis of the data collected highlighted issues in the comprehension of the existing questions related to housekeeping arrangements. A revised set of questions was therefore developed to be asked in the OPN questionnaire in July, August and September 2010. Overall only two addresses out of 2,188 productive cases (less than 0.1% of interviewed households) would change classification under the new household definition. As the two households change classification in the opposite direction, there was no overall change in the total number of households under the two definitions. There may be other groupings which are required for analysis, such as family units, benefit units and domestic consumption units, but these are wholly contained within this household response unit. As in the case of harmonised questions, where a survey needs to add information it can do so, provided that it can also identify the harmonised information (i.e. in this case, the harmonised response unit). For example, the Labour Force Survey adds students who live in halls of residence in term-time and residents in National Health Service accommodation to the coverage allowed in the harmonised definition, but these are clearly identified and the harmonised definition can be derived (details are given in Appendix A). Residence If a respondent has more than one address, their assessment of which is the main address is taken except in the following circumstances: 1. Adult children, that is, aged 16 and over who live away from home for purposes of either work or study and come home only for holidays should not be included at their parental address. 2. Anyone who has been away from the address continuously for 6 months or more should be excluded even if the respondent continues to think of it as their main residence. 3. Anyone who has been living continuously at an address for 6 months or more should be included at that address even if they have their main residence elsewhere. 4. Anyone who is searching for a permanent address in this country should be included at their temporary address, unless they are making a holiday or business visit only and remain resident abroad. 5. Addresses used only as second homes, that is holiday homes, should never be counted as the main residence

Housing Benefits Inputs Subsample: Living Costs and Food survey (LCF) – (formerly EFS), FRS - code 4 at basic Tenure question; EHS - code 1 or 2 at Tenure question about landlord. The following questions apply to all renters on the LCF and FRS but only those who are social sector renters on the EHS. For the EHS, private renters are interviewed and analysed in tenancy groups, so it is inappropriate to ask these questions at the household level.

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IF RENT ACCOMMODATION BASIC QUESTION

– Some people qualify for Housing Benefit, that is, a rent rebate or allowance. Do you or does anyone else in your household (EHS - tenancy group) receive Housing Benefit either directly or by having it paid to your landlord on your behalf?

1. Yes, receive Housing Benefit 2. No

IF CODED 1 (YES) AT BASIC QUESTION AMOUNT OF HOUSING BENEFIT

– How much Housing Benefit was allowed for the last rent? IF CODED 1 (YES) AT BASIC QUESTION COVERAGE

– How long did this cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

Housing Costs and Benefits Outputs It is recommended that both mean and median weekly payments of rent and mortgage are presented. For some analyses, there may be too few units in some bands so the bands may need to be combined. In other cases, where more detail may be desirable, it is recommended that the harmonised bands also be presented. For general reporting and database purposes it is recommended that rent is presented both before and after deduction of Housing Benefit. However, there may be some analyses for which this is not appropriate. If users wish to include mortgage payments by the DWP or others outside the household, further questions are required. Output Categories: Total weekly mortgage payments* (Net of tax relief on interest)

Under £20 a week. £20 but under £40 a week £40 but under £60 a week £60 but under £80 a week £80 but under £100 a week £100 but under £150 a week £150 a week or more

* Note: May include buildings insurance and other payments if these are paid together with the mortgage repayment. Includes payments made by DWP and others outside the household.

Output Categories: Total weekly household rent* before deduction of housing benefit

Under £20 a week. £20 but under £40 a week £40 but under £60 a week £60 but under £80 a week £80 but under £100 a week £100 but under £150 a week £150 a week or more

* Note: Making allowance for rent holidays and including payments eligible for Housing Benefits

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I

Impairments Inputs Impairments associated with any long-lasting physical or mental health conditions or illnesses reported above (Standard version) One question designed to provide a measure of impairment and co-impairment for use in social surveys and suitable for data collection using CAPI and CATI. This question should not be used in paper-based and online self completion forms until further testing has been completed. The usefulness of collecting information on the type of impairment was emphasised in consultations and harmonisation group deliberations as it fits the ICF framework and disablement process and enables the identification of the type of functional deficit experienced by the person reporting a long-lasting health condition or illness, for example a mobility deficit. The prescribed sample coverage for this question is to restrict coverage to those reporting a long-lasting health condition or illness, approximately a third of the sampled population. Stage 1 field testing had shown that while the prevalence of impairment itself is somewhat lower in the routed sample, there was no evidence of a knock-on effect for measures of activity restriction (that is disability), suggesting the additional impairments captured by non-routeing are not associated with activity restriction. As it is the impaired population with activity restriction that is the most useful for policy, the additional costs incurred by administrating the impairment question across the whole sample is unjustified. However, for those wanting to capture impairment comprehensively, an alternative version of this question is available for use which excludes routeing. The content of the independent category list of this question made reference to a number of sources including the DDA list of capacities used to estimate the population prevalence of disability for FRS publications, the Scottish Health Conditions 2011 Census question and the impairment categories captured on the Life Opportunities Survey. While the DDA had specified a list of capacities for disability classification purposes, the Equality Act, which replaces it, does not, which provided greater flexibility in what to include. The stages 1 and 2 field test findings and further consultation with stakeholders refined this list further: a) the addition of the word ‘Fatigue’ to the ‘Stamina and Breathing’ category b) the expansion of the mobility category into a mobility-specific category, which encompasses an

ability to walk short distances and climb stairs; and a dexterity category, which involves moving and carrying objects and using work related devices such as a keyboard.

The latter change improves consistency with the Life Opportunities Survey categories and takes account of the different policy needs presented by mobility and dexterity impairment for care and fitness for work. The purpose of this question is to add detail; whether the reported health condition or illness affects functioning in specified areas. There is a deliberate distinction drawn here between impairments and specific health conditions, illnesses or diseases: This question focuses on the capture of impairment, not the type of health condition By ‘impairment’ we mean the functions that the individual cannot either perform or has difficulty performing because of their health condition (for example, glaucoma is a condition, being unable to see or being partially sighted is an impairment). These categories enable the outcomes for disabled people to be disaggregated by impairment type. This question collects data using a show card which the interviewer reads out before handing it to the respondent to select which categories apply. There are 9 substantive categories and a free text category to record other impairments not included on the list. Up to 10 categories can be coded.

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HARMONISED QUESTION

ASK IN PERSON IF AGE >=16 AND RESPONDS ‘YES’ TO QUESTION ON ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESSES

ASK BY PROXY IF AGE IS <16 AND A PROXY RESPONSE OF ‘YES’ TO QUESTION ASKING ABOUT ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESS

ASK BY PROXY IF NOT FIT TO RESPOND IN PERSON AND A PROXY RESPONSE OF ‘YES’ TO ANY LONG-LASTING PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OR ILLNESSES

Do any of these conditions or illnesses affect you in any of the following areas?

Show card and code all that apply asking the respondent to read out which apply to him\her:

1. Vision (for example blindness or partial sight) 2. Hearing (for example deafness or partial hearing) 3. Mobility (for example walking short distances or climbing stairs) 4. Dexterity (for example lifting and carrying objects, using a keyboard) 5. Learning or understanding or concentrating 6. Memory 7. Mental health 8. Stamina or breathing or fatigue 9. Socially or behaviourally (for example associated with autism, attention deficit disorder or Asperger's syndrome) 10. Other (please specify) Spontaneous only: 11. None of the above 12. Refusal

As an introduction to the question interviewers should state: The purpose of this question is to establish the type of impairment(s) you experience currently as a result of your health condition or illness. In answering this question, you should consider whether you are affected in any of these areas whilst receiving any treatment or medication or using devices to help you such as a hearing aid for example. Guidance can be given regarding the category response or responses where clarification is requested. Respondents can select as many responses that apply to them. Interviewers should steer respondents to using the pre-defined categories wherever possible, and avoid collecting precise conditions such as obstructive pulmonary disease, which would code to the category stamina or breathing or fatigue. Spontaneous responses should not appear on the show card, but refusals or a response that none of the categories apply should be coded. If respondents are too ill to respond on their own behalf, and if present, proxy responses from a family member or friend can be recorded. For those not able to speak English, translators should be used to assist with the data collection. This is an additional question, not intended to replace existing questions. Impairments associated with any long-lasting physical or mental health conditions or illnesses, whether reported in the previous question or not (Optional alternative version) One question designed to provide a measure of impairment and co-impairment for use in social surveys and suitable for data collection using CAPI and CATI. This question should not be used in paper-based and online self completion forms until further testing has been completed.

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This version is for those surveys wanting to capture impairment type among the general population with or without a long-lasting physical or mental health condition or illness. This is to mitigate any perceived risk of under-reporting of impairment because the respondent does not believe they have a long-lasting physical or mental health condition or illness, but does have an impairment To achieve this differing need, the routeing rule is dispensed with; but this will add to survey costs and the evidence from field testing suggests it is unnecessary. The question collects data using a show card which the interviewer reads out to the respondent before handing it to them to select which categories apply. There are 9 substantive categories, a free text category to record other impairments not included on the list, and a category to code no impairment. Up to 10 categories can be coded. HARMONISED QUESTION ASK IN PERSON IF AGE >=16

ASK BY PROXY IF AGE <16 OR NOT FIT TO RESPOND IN PERSON Do you have any health conditions or illnesses which affect you in any of the following areas? Show card and code all that apply asking the respondent to read out which apply to him\her:

1. Vision (for example blindness or partial sight) 2. Hearing (for example deafness or partial hearing) 3. Mobility (for example walking short distances or climbing stairs) 4. Dexterity (for example lifting and carrying objects, using a keyboard) 5. Learning or understanding or concentrating 6. Memory 7. Mental health 8. Stamina or breathing or fatigue 9. Socially or behaviourally (for example associated with autism, attention deficit disorder or Asperger's syndrome) 10. Other (please specify) 11. None of the above

Spontaneous only:

12. Refusal

As an introduction to the question interviewers should state: The purpose of this question is to ask you about any impairment(s) you have. In answering this question, you should consider whether you are affected in any of these areas whilst receiving any treatment or medication or using devices to help you such as a hearing aid for example. Guidance can be given regarding the category response or responses where clarification is requested. Respondents can select as many responses that apply to them. Interviewers should steer respondents to using the pre-defined categories wherever possible, and avoid collecting precise conditions such as obstructive pulmonary disease, which would code to the category stamina or breathing or fatigue. A spontaneous response of refusal should not appear on the show card but should be coded. If respondents are too ill to respond on their own behalf, and if present, proxy responses from a family member or friend can be recorded. For those not able to speak English, translators should be used to assist with the data collection.

Impairments Outputs Output categories: Impairments (standard version) The following table shows the output categories for impairments. Coding of these categories should comply with the specific coding conventions applied in the specific survey source. ONS is not prescribing a code but an example is given in the table. These data are independent and therefore more than one

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category can apply to a record, up to a maximum of 10. Data output files will need 10 variables to cover this item, 9 numeric and 1 string free text variable up to 255 characters in length. Suggested variable names: IMPCAT_1 THRU IMPCAT_10  Do any of these conditions or illnesses affect you in any of the following areas?

Example Code

Nominal scale Has a Vision impairment Numeric 1 Has a Hearing impairment Numeric 2 Has a Mobility impairment Numeric 3 Has a dexterity impairment Numeric 4 Has a Learning impairment Numeric 5 Has a Memory impairment Numeric 6 Has a Mental Health impairment Numeric 7 Has a Stamina, Breathing or Fatigue impairment Numeric 8 Has a Developmental impairment Numeric 9 Text Has other type of impairment String (255) Nominal scale None of the above -8 Refusal -9

Output categories: Impairments (alternative version) The following table shows the output categories for impairments using the alternative version for comprehensive sample coverage. Coding of these categories should comply with the specific coding conventions applied in the specific survey source. ONS is not prescribing a code but an example is given in the table. These data are independent and therefore more than one category can apply to a record, up to a maximum of 10. Data output files will need 11 variables to cover this item, 10 numeric and 1 string free text variable up to 255 characters in length. A code of ‘None of the above’ in the alternative version is a substantive category. Suggested variable names: IMPCAT_1 THRU IMPCAT_11 Do you have any health conditions or illnesses which affect you in any of the following areas?

Example Code

Nominal scale Has a Vision impairment Numeric 1 Has a Hearing impairment Numeric 2 Has a Mobility impairment Numeric 3 Has a Dexterity impairment Numeric 4 Has a Learning impairment Numeric 5 Has a Memory impairment Numeric 6 Has a Mental Health impairment Numeric 7 Has a Stamina, Breathing or Fatigue impairment Numeric 8 Has a Developmental impairment Numeric 9 Text Has other type of impairment String 255 Nominal Scale None of the Above Numeric 10 Refusal Numeric -9

Income as a Classificatory Variable Inputs Some potential users have asked whether it would be possible to simplify the questions by not asking the follow-up for higher incomes. This would not be possible if users require a mean income. It may be possible to truncate the income range for other purposes, however it is not clear at what point the range should be truncated. In the absence of any research on the effects of making such a truncation we would recommend using the set of questions as specified as this is well tested in the field.

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At the February 2004 Harmonisation Working Group (HWG) meeting, it was agreed that there will be two sets of income bands, a full harmonised set for those surveys who require that level of detail, and an abridged set for those surveys who do not require that level of detail. Please note, you should use either the full set or the abridged set and not both. For some purposes, it may be appropriate to treat Housing benefit and Council Tax benefit as elements of income; for other purposes, this would not be appropriate. These two benefits are not intended to be included as income in this set of relatively simple questions. There are severe difficulties in obtaining information about these benefits from respondents, at least in a simple set of questions. The sums are often netted off from the recipients’ bills for rent and Council Tax. Because the beneficiaries do not receive the money directly, they are often unable to say how much it is. VERY IMPORTANT: The purpose of the first question in this set is merely to remind respondents of some major sources of income. The list is not intended to be exhaustive. RESULTS SHOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED FROM THIS QUESTION - THAT IS NOT ITS PURPOSE. IF HRP OR SPOUSE/PARTNER SOURCES OF INCOME

– This card shows various possible sources of income. Can you please tell me which kinds of income you (HRP) (and spouse/partner) receive?

SHOW CARD CODE ALL THAT APPLY

1. Earnings from employment or self-employment 2. Pension from a former employer 3. State Pension 4. Child Benefit 5. Income Support 6. Other State Benefits 7. Tax Credits 8. Employment Support Allowance (ESA) 9. Interest from savings etc. 10. Other kinds of regular allowance from outside the household 11. Other sources e.g. rent 12. No source of income

Full Set - Inputs IF HRP OR SPOUSE/PARTNER BASIC QUESTION

– (I've just been asking you about where you both get your income from but can I first ask about HRP's income.) Will you please look at this card and tell me which group represents (HRP's) total income from all these sources before deductions for income tax, National Insurance etc. ENTER BAND

SHOW CARD WEEKLY MONTHLY ANNUAL 1 Up to £9 Up to £42 Up to £519 2 £10 up to £19 £43 up to £85 £520 up to £1,039 3 £20 up to £29 £86 up to £129 £1,040 up to £1,559 4 £30 up to £39 £130 up to £172 £1,560 up to £2,079 5 £40 up to £49 £173 up to £216 £2,080 up to £2,599 6 £50 up to £59 £217 up to £259 £2,600 up to £3,119 7 £60 up to £69 £260 up to £302 £3,120 up to £3,639 8 £70 up to £79 £303 up to £346 £3,640 up to £4,159 9 £80 up to £89 £347 up to £389 £4,160 up to £4,679 10 £90 up to £99 £390 up to £432 £4,680 up to £5,199 11 £100 up to £119 £433 up to £519 £5,200 up to £6,239 12 £120 up to £139 £520 up to £606 £6,240 up to £7,279 13 £140 up to £159 £607 up to £692 £7,280 up to £8,319 14 £160 up to £179 £693 up to £779 £8,320 up to £9,359 15 £180 up to £199 £780 up to £866 9,360 up to £10,399 16 £200 up to £219 £867 up to £952 £10,400 up to £11,439

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17 £220 up to £239 £953 up to £1,039 £11,440 up to £12,479 18 £240 up to £259 £1,040 up to £1,126 £12,480 up to £13,519 19 £260 up to £279 £1,127 up to £1,212 £13,520 up to £14,559 20 £280 up to £299 £1,213 up to £1,299 £14,560 up to £15,599 21 £300 up to £319 £1,300 up to £1,386 £15,600 up to £16,639 22 £320 up to £339 £1,387 up to £1,472 £16,640 up to £17,679 23 £340 up to £359 £1,473 up to £1,559 £17,680 up to £18,719 24 £360 up to £379 £1,560 up to £1,646 £18,720 up to £19,759 25 £380 up to £399 £1,647 up to £1,732 £19,760 up to £20,799 26 £400 up to £449 £1,733 up to £1,949 £20,800 up to £23,399 27 £450 up to £499 £1,950 up to £2,166 £23,400 up to £25,999 28 £500 up to £549 £2,167 up to £2,382 £26,000 up to £28,599 29 £550 up to £599 £2,383 up to £2,599 £28,600 up to £31,199 30 £600 up to £649 £2,600 up to £2,816 £31,200 up to £33,799 31 £650 up to £699 £2,817 up to £3,032 £33,800 up to £36,399 32 £700 up to £749 £3,033 up to £3,249 £36,400 up to £38,999 33 £750 up to £799 £3,250 up to £3,466 £39,000 up to £41,599 34 £800 up to £849 £3,467 up to £3,685 £41,600 up to £44,199 35 £850 up to £899 £3,686 up to £3,899 £44,200 up to £46,799 36 £900 up to £949 £3,900 up to £4,116 £46,800 up to £49,399 37 £950 up to £999 £4,117 up to £4,332 £49,400 up to £51,999 38 £1000 or more £4,333 or more £52,000 or more Follow-up for higher incomes IF BASIC QUESTION = £700 OR MORE PER WEEK TOTAL ANNUAL INCOME

– Could you please look at the next card and give me (HRP)'s total income as an annual amount from this card?

ENTER BAND SHOW CARD ANNUAL INCOME 1 £52,000 up to £53,999 26 £165,000 up to £169,999 2 £54,000 up to £55,999 27 £170,000 up to £174,999 3 £56,000 up to £57,999 28 £175,000 up to £179,999 4 £58,000 up to £59,999 29 £180,000 up to £184,999 5 £60,000 up to £64,999 30 £185,000 up to £189,999 6 £65,000 up to £69,999 31 £190,000 up to £194,999 7 £70,000 up to £74,999 32 £195,000 up to £199,999 8 £75,000 up to £79,999 33 £200,000 up to £209,999 9 £80,000 up to £84,999 34 £210,000 up to £219,999 10 £85,000 up to £89,999 35 £220,000 up to £229,999 11 £90,000 up to £94,999 36 £230,000 up to £239,999 12 £95,000 up to £99,999 37 £240,000 up to £249,999 13 £100,000 up to £104,999 38 £250,000 up to £259,999 14 £105,000 up to £109,999 39 £260,000 up to £269,999 15 £110,000 up to £114,999 40 £270,000 up to £279,999 16 £115,000 up to £119,999 41 £280,000 up to £289,999 17 £120,000 up to £124,999 42 £290,000 up to £299,999 18 £125,000 up to £129,999 43 £300,000 up to £319,999 19 £130,000 up to £134,999 44 £320,000 up to £339,999 20 £135,000 up to £139,999 45 £340,000 up to £359,999 21 £140,000 up to £144,999 46 £360,000 up to £379,999 22 £145,000 up to £149,999 47 £380,000 up to £399,999 23 £150,000 up to £154,999 48 £400,000 or more 24 £155,000 up to £159,999 25 £160,000 up to £164,999

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Full question set continues after Abridged Set… Abridged Set - Inputs Note: The Abridged Set below is for surveys that do not require the level of detail provided by the full set. IF HRP OR SPOUSE/PARTNER BASIC QUESTION

– (I've just been asking you about where you both get your income from but can I first ask about HRP's income.) Will you please look at this card and tell me which group represents (HRP's) total income from all these sources before deductions for income tax, National Insurance etc. ENTER BAND

SHOW CARD WEEKLY MONTHLY ANNUAL A Up to £49 Up to £216 Up to £2,599 B £50 up to £99 £217 up to £432 £2,600 up to £5,199 C £100 up to £199 £433 up to £866 £5,200 up to £10,399 D £200 up to £299 £867 up to £1,299 £10,400 up to £15,599 E £300 up to £399 £1,300 up to £1,732 £15,600 up to £20,799 F £400 up to £499 £1,733 up to £2,166 £20,800 up to £25,999 G £500 up to £599 £2,167 up to £2,599 £26,000 up to £31,199 H £600 up to £699 £2,600 up to £3,032 £31,200 up to £36,399 I £700 up to £799 £3,033 up to £3,466 £36,400 up to £41,599 J £800 up to £899 £3,467 up to £3,899 £41,600 up to £46,799 K £900 up to £999 £3,900 up to £4,332 £46,800 up to £51,999 L £1000 or more £4,333 or more £52,000 or more Set continues on next page… Both Full and Abridged Sets continue… IF THERE IS A SPOUSE/PARTNER Income questions for HRP repeated for partner of HRP IF ALL INCOME QUESTIONS ANSWERED AND INTERVIEWER USING CAI The mid-points of the bands selected for HRP and partner will be added and the result in 60-band terms (see above) shown on screen for the interviewer to check with the respondent as the combined total. The interviewer will amend the HRP's and/or partner's bands, as respondent directs, if necessary. COMBINED INCOME

– I make your combined income come to band (n); is that about right? SHOW CARD

1. Yes 2. No

IF NO AT COMBINED INCOME QUESTION

– Which is the correct band for your combined income? ENTER BAND SHOW CARD IF ANY OF INCOME QUESTIONS FOR HOH OR PARTNER ARE DON'T KNOW OR REFUSAL income questions (except reconciliation question) repeated for HRP and partner taken together, with the following form for the basic question:

– Would it be possible for you to tell me which group represents the total income of (HRP) and (HRP's partner) taken together - before any deductions?

IF HOUSEHOLD CONTAINS MORE THAN TWO ADULTS OR TWO ADULTS WHO ARE NOT LIVING TOGETHER AS A COUPLE

– May I just check, does anyone else in the household have a source of income?

1. Yes 2. No

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IF OTHERS IN HOUSEHOLD WITH SOURCE OF INCOME income questions repeated, with the following form for the basic question:

– Thinking of the income of the household as a whole, which of the groups on this card represents the total income of the whole household before deductions for income tax, National Insurance etc.

Annex A Income as a Classificatory Variable: Discussion The consultation document suggested that the harmonised variable should be quintile groups of households ranked by equivalent net household income. Specifically the measure was cash income measured over the whole household net of Income tax, National Insurance contributions and pension contributions, adjusted for household size and composition using the McClements’ equivalence scale. During the consultation period, the ONS has been carrying out work to test the net income question in the field and to test the impact of different income definitions on the ranking of households. This work is not yet complete but the indications are that collecting net income is more difficult than collecting gross income and that for some classificatory purposes a ranking of households based on gross income gives significantly different results from a ranking based on net income. It should be emphasised that the introduction of a harmonised income measure will not restrict the amount of income data available. Those surveys with detailed income questions would continue to collect the same information, and that information would be available as now. It was noted that the use of a net income measure rather than a gross income measure would introduce discontinuities into time series. Further it is more likely that people would know what their gross income per year was rather than their net income. Perhaps more importantly it was noted that although it might be preferable to include housing benefit and council tax benefit, they could not be reliably identified from a simple question on income, and should therefore not be included. Equally pension contributions could not be reliably identified from a simple question and should not be netted off. As noted above, ONS share these concerns about the practicality of collecting complex income information through a simple question. A simple income question was also tested in the June 1997 Census Test and for the 2011 Census (but not used). although income was not asked on the final Census itself. Further research work is currently underway. A final decision on what components of income should be included will need to await the outcome of the current work. It was commented that equivalent net income was often confusing and prevented actual monetary amounts being used. Of course only non-equivalent data are collected and data can be made equivalent in a number of different ways. Nonetheless if we are to use our classificatory income variable as a measure of economic well-being it is essential to take household composition into account. There are various different ways of adjusting for household composition. We recommend using McClements’ before housing costs equivalence scale as this is the method in most common usage in the UK. As there are situations where analysis by quintile groups of equivalent income may not be appropriate, we are recommending a secondary output measure based on monetary bands. Care should be exercised in using this measure as this variable is not a welfare measure. In addition levels data may be unreliable. Surveys with detailed questions on income often have relatively low response rates which may affect accuracy and on surveys using simple questions it may be difficult to determine whether benefits, pension contributions, investment income and so on have been taken into consideration. The question on net income was tested because net income is the Eurostat preferred harmonised measure. The testing has thrown up sufficient doubts for the UK to explore other more reliable options. In the mean time, given the expressed need for harmonised income questions and concepts, we would recommend the gross income question from the Survey of English Housing (English Housing Survey from April 2008) which has been used successfully in this particular form since 2003. Surveys which currently have income questions and wish to avoid unnecessary discontinuity may wish to await further developments. It is recommended that quintile groups are used as the harmonised income classificatory variable, and that quintile groups should be formed by ranking households by an equivalent gross measure of household income. Surveys which collect detailed income data are invited to consider publishing summary information for gross household income as well as for the provisional harmonised net output categories.

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Income as a Classificatory Variable Outputs The proposed questions measure total gross household monetary income. The proposed outputs are quintile groups of households ranked by equivalised gross income. This output can be used for all surveys and is recommended where income is used as a measure of household welfare (see discussion at Annex A). Possible alternatives are also discussed. These may be of value for different purposes or subject to methodological consideration. Output Categories: Income

Quintile Groups of Households Ranked by Equivalised Gross Household Income

Quintile Groups Bottom quintile XXXX2nd quintile XXXX3rd quintile XXXX4th quintile XXXXTop quintile XXXX

Where equivalised gross household income is cash income measured over the whole household adjusted for household size and composition using the McClements’ equivalence scale. Details of this scale can be found in the table below. McClements equivalence scale (before housing costs) Type of household member Equivalence value a. married head of household (i.e. a married couple of 2 adults) 1.00 1st additional adult 0.42 2nd (or more) additional adult 0.36 (per adult) b. single head of household (i.e. 1 adult) 0.61 1st additional adult 0.46 2nd additional adult 0.42 3rd (or more) additional adult 0.36 (per adult) c. child aged: 16-18 0.36 13-15 0.27 11-12 0.25 8-10 0.23 5-7 0.21 2-4 0.18 Under 2 0.09 The values for each household member are added together to give the total equivalence number for that household. This number is then divided into the disposable income for that household to give equivalised disposable income. For example, a household has a married couple with 2 children (aged 6 and 9) plus one adult lodger. The household's equivalence number is 1.0 + 0.21 + 0.23 + 0.42 = 1.86. The household's disposable income is £20,000, and so its equivalised disposable income is £10,753 (= £20,000/1.86). Output Categories - possible alternatives Quintile Groups of Households Ranked by Equivalised Net Household Income Eurostat’s preferred option is for a net income concept. The precise definition for this has not been agreed and there are concerns about what may be practicable with a simple income question. The output categories given below could be derived from the EFS and the FRS, but could not be derived from any survey using only the proposed income bands question as a classificatory variable.

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Quintile Groups Bottom quintile XXXX2nd quintile XXXX3rd quintile XXXX4th quintile XXXXTop quintile XXXX

Quintile groups are based on equivalised net household income. Equivalised net household income is cash income measured over the whole household net of income tax, National Insurance contributions and pension contributions, adjusted for household size and composition using the McClements’ equivalence scale. Gross Weekly Household Income For some purposes it may be useful to publish information on income levels. However, it should be remembered that such a variable is not a welfare measure as it makes no allowance for household size and composition. It should not be used where statements about results for 'poorer' or 'better-off' households are expected to be made. This requires equivalised income. Income Bands Most outputs will be displayed in weekly figures; however, the annual equivalents are shown and may also be used, although only one such label (either weekly or annual) should be used. Please note: due to the small number of households in the higher bands, the first of these grouping is recommended.

WEEKLY WEEKLY Up to £99 Up to £99 £100 and up to £199 £100 and up to £199 £200 and up to £299 £200 and up to £299 £300 and up to £399 £300 and up to £399 £400 and up to £499 £400 and up to £499 £500 and up to £599 £500 and up to £599 £600 and up to £699 £600 and up to £699 £700 and up to £999 £700 and up to £799 £800 and up to £899 £900 and up to £999 £1000 and above £1000 and above

ANNUAL ANNUAL Up to £5,199 Up to £5,199 £5,200 and up to £10,399 £5,200 and up to £10,399 £10,400 and up to £15,599 £10,400 and up to £15,599 £15,600 and up to £20,799 £15,600 and up to £20,799 £20,800 and up to £25,999 £20,800 and up to £25,999 £26,000 and up to £31,199 £26,000 and up to £31,199 £31,200 and up to £36,399 £31,200 and up to £36,399 £36,400 and up to £51,999 £36,400 and up to £41,599 £41,600 and up to £46,799 £46,800 and up to £51,999 £52,000 and above £52,000 and above

Internet Access Inputs This set of questions is about the access to and use of the Internet. HOUSEHOLD ACCESS TO INTERNET

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INTRO The following few questions are about your household access to the Internet. By access I mean whether anyone in your household could use the Internet, at home, if they wanted to, even if just to send an e-mail. ALL INTACC1

– Does your household have access to the Internet from home?

1. Yes 2. No 3. No - Respondent unable to answer 4. Don't know if the household has access

Interviewer Instructions: 'Respondent unable to answer' should be chosen at the interviewer's discretion only if it is obvious that the respondent does not know what the Internet is. If respondent knows what the Internet is but doesn't know whether the household has access, code as 4.

INDIVIDUAL USE OF THE INTERNET INTRO Now I would like to ask about your own use of the Internet IF CODE IS NOT 3 AT INTACC1 INTACC2

– May I just check, have you ever used the Internet at home or anywhere else?

1. Yes 2. No

IF CODE 1 AT INTACC2 (AND RESPONDENT IN EMPLOYMENT OR HAVE EVER HAD A JOB)* INTACC3

– And, have you ever used the Internet for your job or for personal use or for both?

1. Job only 2. Personal use only 3. Both

*Note: This part of the routing is optional but is designed in the full Internet access

questionnaire to avoid asking those who have never had a job whether they had used the Internet for job purposes.

IF CODE 1 AT INTACC2 INTACC4

– When did you last use the Internet? Was it … INDIVIDUAL PROMPT CODE FIRST THAT APPLY

1. In the last seven days ? 2. Over a week ago, up to a month ? 3. Over a month, up to 3 months ? 4. Over 3 months, up to 6 months ? 5. Over 6 months, up to a year ? 6. Over a year ago ?

PERSONAL OR PRIVATE USE OF THE INTERNET INTRO The next question asks about your personal or private use of the Internet. This also includes use on behalf of other members of your family or friends.

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IF CODE 1 AT INTACC2 AND NOT 1 AT INTACC3 INTACC5

– Have you ever bought or ordered goods or services for personal or private use over the Internet? (Please include shares and financial services).

1. Yes 2. No

J

K

L

Length of Residence Inputs IF HOUSEHOLD REFERENCE PERSON PERIOD LIVED AT THIS ADDRESS

– How long have you lived at this address?

1. Less than 12 months 2. 12 months but less than 2 years 3. 2 years but less than 3 years 4. 3 years but less than 5 years 5. 5 years but less than 10 years 6. 10 years or more

IF PERIOD 10 YEARS OR MORE

– Can I just check how long you have lived here? 1. 10 years but less than 20 years 2. 20 years but less than 30 years 3. 30 years but less than 40 years 4. 40 years or longer.

Interviewer instruction: Note that both questions relate to address rather than place. It may be possible that an individual is living at a different address from 12 months ago but is living in the same town and county.

IF LESS THAN 12 MONTHS MONTHS LIVED AT ADDRESS

– How many months have you lived here?

Length of Residence Outputs Output Categories: Length of residence

Less than 12 months xxxx 12 months, less than 2 years xxxx 2 years, less than 3 years xxxx 3 years, less than 5 years xxxx 5 years, less than 10 years xxxx 10 years, less than 20 years xxxx 20 years, less than 30 years xxxx 30 years, less than 40 years xxxx

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40 years or more xxxx

All lengths of residence XXXXX

Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses Inputs Long-standing physical or mental health conditions or illnesses One question providing a measure of any self-reported health conditions or illnesses lasting or expected to last a year or more for use in social surveys and suitable for data collection using CAPI, CATI. This question can be used with paper-based and online self completion forms too. This question focuses exclusively on the capture of physical or mental health conditions or illnesses long-lasting in nature (that is, lasting or expected to last for 12 months or more). The focus here is on a long-lasting condition which the person is likely to have for the remainder of their lives, and is likely to require some level of supervision and treatment over a long period of time such as diabetes. The reason for including future judgement is that for most conditions, while symptoms can be controlled with medication and\or other treatment, they are not curable and therefore relevant to the individual for the foreseeable future. An important difference in this new harmonised question compared with previous question versions is the exclusion of the term disability. The conceptual framework of disability applied in the construction of this suite of questions separates out the components leading to a simplified classification of disability, which is defined as activity restriction and participation restriction. If disability is included in this question, then we would make an assumption of restricted participation and activities before this information has been elicited and assume health conditions and illnesses and disabilities are interchangeable terms. The existing questions collected in the General Lifestyle Survey (GLF), Family Resources Survey (FRS) and other surveys mix the concepts of illness, disability and infirmity. However, the importance of the social model approach to classifying disability outlined in the Prime Minister’s Strategy Unit document, the Equality Act legislation and the clear distinction drawn in EU-SILC guidelines for collecting information on chronic illness distinct from disability strongly opposes this mixing of concepts in this question. Furthermore, the findings from the extensive consultation across government, academia and the voluntary sector, and the lessons learnt from cognitive and field testing undertaken as part of the development of the Life Opportunity Survey also strongly supported the disentanglement of the concepts of health conditions and illnesses and those of impairment and disability. There is no intention to capture temporary conditions with this question, however serious they might be; the possible impact on the individual’s daily activities is also irrelevant. As a guide the following are included:

conditions which flare up intermittently, but the exacerbation has a shorter duration than 12 months;

problems which may not be perceived as serious or are well-controlled and managed by treatment and lifestyle adjustments and do not perceptibly affect day-to-day activities, but are nevertheless long-lasting;

The question is designed to include sensory deficits, non temporary mobility problems including dyspraxia and cerebral palsy, developmental conditions such as autism and Asperger's syndrome, conditions associated with learning impairment (disability) such as Down’s syndrome or dyslexia as well as common conditions and illnesses such as asthma, diabetes, heart and other circulatory conditions, respiratory conditions, digestive conditions, anxiety and depression etc. are relevant if they have lasted or are expected to last 12 months or more. Seasonal conditions such as hay fever which recur and have lasted or are expected to recur in the future should also be included. 1.Improving the life chances of disabled people, PMSU, London 2005 2.Equality Act 2010: Guidance on matters to be taken into account in determining questions relating to the definition of disability. Office for Disability Issues, 2011. Available on the ODI website at http://odi.dwp.gov.uk/docs/wor/new/ea-guide.pdf 3.EU-SILC 065 (2008 operation). Description of target variables: cross-sectional and longitudinal. Eurostat (2010) http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/dsis/eusilc/library?l=/guidelines_questionnaire/operation_guidelines/silc065_version/_EN_1.0_&a=d 4.Life Opportunities Survey Development Findings. Office for National Statistics November 2008. Available on the ONS website at: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about/Methodology_by_theme/downloads/los-developmental-findings-report.pdf

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HARMONISED QUESTION

ASK IN PERSON IF AGE >=16 ASK BY PROXY IF AGE <16 OR NOT FIT TO RESPOND IN PERSON

 

Do you have any physical or mental health conditions or illnesses lasting or expected to last for 12 months or more?

1. Yes; 2. No.

Spontaneous only:

3. Don’t know 4. Refusal

As an Introduction to the question, the interviewer should state: This question asks you about any health conditions, illnesses or impairments you may have. Interviewers should provide guidance regarding the coverage of conditions and illnesses if asked for clarification: for example, a respondent may state their mobility is impaired but is unsure whether this classifies as a long-lasting condition or illness. Interviewers should guide the respondent in line with the examples given above. Spontaneous responses can be recorded but should not be presented as options to respondents. If respondents are too ill to respond on their own behalf, if present, proxy responses from a family member or friend can be recorded. For those not able to speak English, translators should be used to assist with the data collection. This question is designed to replace the following question variants used in national government social surveys. FAMILY RESOURCES SURVEY HEALTH Do you have any long-standing illness, disability or infirmity? By 'long-standing' I mean anything that has troubled you over a period of at least 12 months or that is likely to affect you over a period of at least 12 months 1. Yes 2. No ANNUAL POPULATION SURVEY\LABOUR FORCE SURVEY LNGLIM Do you have any health problems or disabilities that you expect will last for more than a year? 1 Yes 2 No INTEGRATED HOUSEHOLD SURVEY GENERAL LIFESTYLE MODULE\CONTINUOUS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY\HEALTH SURVEY FOR ENGLAND LSILL; LONGILL; Do you have any long-standing illness, disability or infirmity by long-standing I mean anything that has troubled you over a period of time or is likely to affect you over a period of time? 1. Yes 2. No

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LIFE OPPORTUNITIES SURVEY Health Do you have any long-standing physical or mental impairment, illness or disability? By long-standing I mean anything that has affected you over a period of at least 12 months or that is likely to affect you over a period of at least 12 months? 1. Yes 2. No

Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses Outputs The following table shows the output categories for long-lasting illness. Coding of these categories should comply with the specific coding conventions applied in the specific survey source. ONS is not prescribing a code but an example is given in the table. Output categories: Long lasting physical or mental health conditions or Illnesses Suggested variable name: HealIll Do you have any physical or mental health conditions or illnesses lasting or expected to last 12 months or more?

Example Code

Nominal scale Has a long-lasting health condition or illness Numeric 1 Does not have a long-lasting health condition or illnesses Numeric 2 Don’t Know -8 Refusal -9 Implications for classifications EU-SILC: Long-standing health problem or Illness = 1 EU-SILC: No Long-standing Illness = 2 EU-SILC: Not severely hampered in daily activities = 2 EU-SILC: Not hampered in daily activities to some extent = 2 Equality Act: Not core currently disabled = 2

M

Marital or Same-sex Civil Partnership Status & Living Arrangements Inputs MARITAL OR SAME-SEX CIVIL PARTNERSHIP STATUS IF AGE >= 16

– Are you ... ASK OR RECORD

1. single, that is, never married and never registered in a same-sex civil partnership 2. married 3. separated, but still legally married 4. divorced 5. widowed 6. in a registered same-sex civil partnership 7. separated, but still legally in a same-sex civil partnership 8. formerly in a same-sex civil partnership which is now legally dissolved 9. surviving partner from a same-sex civil partnership

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Interviewer instruction: A person whose spouse/same-sex civil partner has been working away from home for over six months, for example on a contract overseas or in the armed forces, should still be coded as married and living with husband/wife or same-sex civil partner if the separation is not permanent.

LIVING IN A COUPLE (FOR DATA SOURCES WITH A HOUSEHOLD RELATIONSHIP GRID) IF (AGE >= 16) AND (MORE THAN ONE PERSON IN HOUSEHOLD) AND (NOT EITHER MARRIED OR CIVIL PARTNERED)

– May I just check, are you living with someone in this household as a couple? ASK OR RECORD

1. Yes 2. No

LIVING IN A COUPLE (FOR DATA SOURCES WITHOUT A HOUSEHOLD RELATIONSHIP GRID) IF (AGE >= 16) AND (MORE THAN ONE PERSON IN HOUSEHOLD) AND (NOT EITHER MARRIED OR CIVIL PARTNERED)

– May I just check, are you living with someone in this household as a couple? ASK OR RECORD

1. Yes – opposite sex couple 2. Yes – same sex couple 3. No

Interviewer instruction: Only respondents who are living with their partner in this household should be coded as living together as a couple. You may code No without asking the question ONLY if all members of the household are too closely related for any to be living together in a de facto partnership relationship.

Marital or Same-sex Civil Partnership Status & Living Arrangements Outputs We propose two sets of harmonised output categories: 'marital or same-sex civil partnership status' and 'living arrangements' which will be appropriate for different purposes. The former is based solely on the legal status of the relationship and the latter combines information on the legal status of the relationship and whether the respondent is living as part of a couple or not. It is hoped that both will be made available in publications and datasets where possible, but this will not be appropriate for all tabulations. Where only one set of categories is used, and in discussion, it should be made clear in a footnote or through a clear context whether ‘marital or same-sex civil partnership status’ or ‘living arrangements’ are being referred to, as some of the category names are the same. Output categories: Marital or same-sex civil partnership status*

In a legally registered partnership

Married and living with spouse or registered in a same-sex civil partnership and living with same-sex civil partner

xxx

Separated xxxAll in a legally registered partnership

XXXX

Not in a legally registered partnership

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Single (never married or formed a same-sex civil partnership)

xxx

Divorced or formally registered in a same-sex civil partnership which has now been dissolved

xxx

Widowed or surviving partner from a same-sex civil partnership

xxx

All Not in a legally registered partnership

XXXX

All persons XXXXX

Further detail (splitting ‘married and living with spouse’, and ‘registered in a same-sex civil partnership and living with same-sex civil partner’) may be appropriate in some cases. * Note: Information for this analysis is derived from the question on marital or same-sex civil partnership status only. The term separated covers any person whose spouse or same-sex civil partner is living elsewhere because of estrangement (whether the separation is legal or not). Output categories: Living arrangements**

Persons living in a couple Married/ Civil

Partnered xxx

Cohabiting # xxxAll persons living in a couple XXXX Persons not living in a couple Single xxx Separated xxx Divorced or

formally registered in a same-sex civil partnership which has now been dissolved

xxx

Widowed or surviving partner from a same-sex civil partnership

xxx

All persons not living in a couple XXXX All persons XXXXX

Further detail (splitting ‘married’, and ‘civil partnered’) may be appropriate in some cases.

** Note: Information for this analysis is derived from the question on marital or same-sex civil partnership status and the question on living arrangements (ie. Whether the respondent is living as part of a couple or not). The living arrangements analysis differs from the marital or same-sex civil partnership status analysis in that cohabiting takes priority over other categories. For example, if a person is divorced and cohabiting they are classed as cohabiting.

# Note: This category includes same-sex couples.

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Mobile Phone Users Inputs (Interviewer Instructions) ALL TELEPHONE SURVEY RESPONDENTS MOBILE PHONE USERS

– For safety reasons, can I just check if you are currently driving?

1. Yes 2. No

IFYES:

– I am sorry to have disturbed you, we will ring you again at a more convenient time. IF NO:

– Would it be convenient to update your information now?

Mortgage Protection Policies Inputs Subsample: all who own or part-own with a mortgage (code 2-3 at basic Tenure question in primary set) IF OWN OR PART-OWN WITH A MORTGAGE OR LOAN BASIC QUESTION

– [Apart from any endowment policies already mentioned] Do you have a mortgage protection policy to pay this mortgage/loan in the event of sickness/accident or redundancy [or death]?

1. Yes 2. No

[APART FROM ANY ENDOWMENT....]SHOULD ONLY BE READ OUT IF AN ENDOWMENT POLICY HAS BEEN RECORDED EARLIER. [OR DEATH] SHOULD ONLY BE READ OUT IF NO ENDOWMENT POLICY HAS BEEN MENTIONED. IN CAI, THESE PHRASES CAN BE PROGRAMMED TO APPEAR UNDER THE CORRECT CONDITIONS.

Interviewer instructions: People with repayment, pension, PEP or Unit Trust mortgages usually take out a mortgage protection policy with an insurance company so that in the event of death there is available a sum of money to pay off the outstanding mortgage. Sometimes it is known as a ‘Whole Life Policy’. This arrangement should not be confused with the endowment policy of an endowment mortgage. Following the 1994 Budget decision to delay Income Support entitlement to mortgage borrowers who become unemployed, and the government's stated intention that new borrowers should take out mortgage insurance cover for events such as redundancy, this question covers any type of mortgage protection policy. From October 1995, interest will not be paid by Income Support for two months for existing borrowers and 9 months for new borrowers Policies to cover the mortgage in the event of death will continue to be included, but so too will be policies which repay all or part of the mortgage in the event of redundancy or long-term sickness. Edit: – FOR THIS TYPE OF MORTGAGE (I.E. ALL EXCEPT ENDOWMENT) THERE IS NORMALLY A PROTECTION POLICY- CHECK IT WAS INCLUDED WITH ANY USUAL MORTGAGE PAYMENTS soft check

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IF CODE 1 (YES) AT BASIC QUESTION: LAST PAYMENT

– How much was your last payment? £0….£999997

Interviewer instructions: If the precise amount for the mortgage protection policy cannot be given, please ask the respondent to give an estimate rather than accept ‘Don’t Know’.

IF CODE 1 (YES) AT BASIC QUESTION COVERAGE

– What period of time did this payment(s) cover? Standard period codes. See Appendix A

________________________________________________________________________________

Mortgages Inputs Subsample: all who own (or part own) with a mortgage (codes 2-3 at basic Tenure question in primary set) The following questions on mortgages go into detail at two levels. At the most general level, the last payment is recorded but not checked for non-mortgage elements that may have been included. The English Housing Survey, EHS (formerly the Survey of English Housing, SEH) requires no further detail. At the next level, checks are made for endowment and mortgage protection policy premiums which may have been included. IF OWN (OR PART OWN) WITH A MORTGAGE OR LOAN YEAR OF BUYING ACCOMMODATION

– In which year did you buy this accommodation? Interviewer instructions: This should be the year this property was bought and the first mortgage was taken out to buy it. However, if the respondent states that the current mortgage was ‘carried over’ from a previous property, do not enter the year the mortgage was originally taken out on the previous property. Because mortgages are secured on a specific property the old mortgage will have been paid off and a new mortgage started. If the respondent just says 'two years ago' - please check the year with the respondent before entering into the questionnaire. Edits: – IF THE YEAR ENTERED IS LONGER THAN THE NUMBER OF YEARS THE HRP HAS LIVED AT THE ADDRESS (IF 1 TO 5 AT YEARLIVE): – THE RESPONDENT HAS ONLY LIVED HERE FOR LESS THAN [N] YEARS, BUT THE MORTGAGE STARTED IN [YEAR] - [N] YEARS AGO. PLEASE CHECK THAT BUYYEAR IS WHEN THE MORTGAGE ON THIS PROPERTY WAS TAKEN OUT. (IF SO, SUPPRESS AND CONTINUE).

IF OWN OR PART-OWN OUTSTANDING MORTGAGE

Do you currently have an outstanding mortgage or loan on this accommodation, including any second mortgages, equity release mortgages or other loans secured on the property? Include entire mortgage for the property and not just an individual’s share of mortgage. Code a reversion or part reversion scheme as “equity release”

1. Yes, an ordinary mortgage 2. Yes, an equity release mortgage 3. No

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IF OWN OR PART-OWN, AND HAVE AN ORDINARY MORTGAGE/LOAN NUMBER OF MORTGAGES

Can I check, do you (and partner, if any) have one mortgage/loan on this accommodation, or more than one?

1. One – Two (or more) loans

IF OWN OR PART-OWN WITH AN ORDINARY MORTGAGE OR LOAN TYPE OF MORTGAGE What type of mortgage is your main mortgage?

1. an ENDOWMENT mortgage (where your mortgage payments cover the interest only) 2. a REPAYMENT mortgage (where your mortgage payments cover interest and part of the original

loan) 3. Both an endowment (or any interest only) mortgage and a repayment mortgage 4. Any other type of interest-only mortgage with one or more related investments (eg a pension,

ISA, Unit Trust or Investment Trust scheme, or a combination of these) 5. An interest-only mortgage with NO linked investment 6. Another type (not listed above)

This question may be asked more than once for those surveys which ask about second mortgage or re-mortgages. In CAI, if code 5 is selected from the above question, an on screen message will appear on the first loop only. The message will warn the interviewers that code 5 should only be selected if it concerns a single mortgage with two elements. Interviewer instructions: Endowment Mortgage An endowment policy is taken out with an insurance company either before or at the same time as the mortgage. The endowment policy is designed to end and at the same time as the mortgage. Endowments are often sold by the lender or adviser who arranges the mortgage, they can also be arranged independently. Money paid into the endowment policy is invested in stocks and shares and other investments. Like all stock investments, endowment policies do involve risk and their value can fall and rise. At the end of a set number of years (the policy 'term'), the policy 'matures' and they get a lump sum, which is used to repay the mortgage loan. The original mortgage amount remains outstanding until the policy matures. In the meantime interest is paid on the total amount borrowed and premiums are paid on the endowment policy. Endowment mortgages were once very popular, but have fallen out of favour in recent years. This is because many of the circumstances that used to make them attractive have disappeared, such as tax relief on premiums and mortgage interest, high inflation and high interest rates. Repayment Mortgage In this case the money borrowed for the purchase of the house is repaid over a period of years; interest is also paid on the amount outstanding at the time. Monthly repayments are paid to the lender over an agreed number of years (called the mortgage 'term'). Most people choose a term of 20 to 25 years for their first mortgage, but they can be for shorter or longer periods. The payments cover the interest on the loan and also gradually pay off the amount borrowed (sometimes called the 'capital' or the 'principal'). People with repayment mortgages (and pension, PEP, ISA or Unit Trust mortgages - see below) usually take out a mortgage protection policy with an insurance company so that in the event of death there is available a sum of money to pay off the outstanding mortgage. This arrangement should not be confused with the endowment policy of an endowment mortgage. With a repayment mortgage, by repaying the original loan we mean the original capital sum borrowed. Pension Mortgage

INTEREST ONLY IS PAID TO THE LENDER AND MONTHLY CONTRIBUTIONS ARE PAID TO A PERSONAL PENSION PLAN WHICH IS DESIGNED TO REPAY THE MORTGAGE ON RETIREMENT. IN ADDITION, IT IS NECESSARY TO ARRANGE A SEPARATE PROTECTION POLICY DESIGNED TO REPAY THE MORTGAGE IF THE BORROWER SHOULD DIE BEFORE THE END OF THE MORTGAGE TERM. A PENSION MORTGAGE CAN INCLUDE A STAKEHOLDER PENSION.

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PEP, ISA and Unit Trust Mortgages With a PEP Mortgage the borrower pays interest only to the lender and pays monthly contributions into a Personal Equity Plan, which is designed to pay off the loan. The PEP will usually invest in unit trusts and a mortgage protection policy must be arranged. (PEPs have now been reclassified as ISAs) With a unit trust mortgage the borrower pays interest only to the lender and also makes monthly investments in a unit trust savings plan. As stock market prices rise, the lender may allow the borrower to pay off part of the loan. With this arrangement, a protection policy is also necessary. With an ISA Mortgage the borrower pays interest only to the lender and pays monthly contributions into an Individual Savings Account, which is designed to pay off the loan. Both an interest only and repayment mortgage This code applies if the mortgage is a single arrangement which has both an interest-only element and an interest-and-capital element, combined into one regular payment made to the lender. If there are two separate mortgages of different types secured on the property, and separate payments are made to the lender(s), only the main mortgage should be coded at this question. Separate, second mortgages not for the purchase of the property (or any separate mortgage for purchase) should not be entered here. An INTEREST ONLY mortgage with more than one related investment (for example, pension and unit trust, endowment and ISA) Some borrowers have more than one investment scheme set up to repay the amount borrowed on an interest only mortgage, for example, an endowment and an ISA. This code enables the questionnaire to uniquely identify this type of mortgage arrangement and subsequent questions collect information on all of the investment schemes linked with the interest only mortgage. An INTEREST ONLY mortgage with NO linked investment (For example, NO endowment, pension, PEP or ISA) This type of borrower has decided not to take out any type of investment or savings scheme to repay the mortgage at the end of the mortgage term. The unique characteristic of an interest only mortgage is that payments to the lender only cover the interest on the loan. The payments do not re-pay any of the amounts borrowed. The mortgage still usually has a fixed term and the borrower is expected to repay the amount borrowed in one go. With Interest only mortgages the borrower usually arranges an investment such as an endowment, ISA or PEP to save the money needed to repay the mortgage debt. However, some borrowers do not set up an investment or savings scheme. It is this type of borrower that we would like recorded using this code. These borrowers may have a different strategy in place to repay the mortgage or have decided the later sale of the property will release enough capital to repay the borrowed amount. You may come across other schemes people have thought up to repay their mortgage for example, using proceeds from a maturing life insurance policy or paying off the amount borrowed using the occasional lump sum. Another type of mortgage Please remember to make a note when using this code. The note should include details of the main features of the mortgage.

Please ensure when using code 6 that the mortgage is unique and is not covered by codes 1-5. If the respondent’s mortgage is an Endowment (1), both an endowment (or other interest only) and

repayment (3), Investment-backed (4), Interest only with one or more linked investment (4), interest only with NO linked investment (5) or another type (6) (i.e. all except those with a repayment mortgage) the following question will be asked:

IF OWN OR PART-OWN WITH AN ORDINARY MORTGAGE OR LOAN, AND REPAYMENT TYPE IS 3, 4 OR 6 AT MORTGAGE TYPE QUESTION

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REPAYMENT OF MORTGAGE LOAN – (Can I just check) How is the repayment of the current loan covered?

1. Payments under an endowment policy 2. Repayment mortgage payments 3. Current payments into a pension plan (a pension mortgage) 4. Current payments into an ISA 5. Current payments into a Unit Trust or Investment Trust scheme 6. Current payments into any other savings/investment scheme 7. None of the above

IF OWN OR PART-OWN WITH AN ORDINARY MORTGAGE OR LOAN, AND REPAYMENT TYPE IS ENDOWMENT REPAYMENT OF ENDOWMENT MORTGAGE

– Apart from the endowment mentioned earlier is the repayment of the original loan covered by anything on this card?

SHOWCARD 1. Current payments into a pension plan (a pension mortgage) 2. Current payments into an ISA 3. Current payments into a Unit Trust or Investment Trust scheme 4. Current payments into any other savings/investment scheme 5. Proceeds of sale from existing house only 6. None of the above (describe in a note)

Interviewer Instructions: On the FRS this question is being asked directly after the main eight category mortgage question above. This is so the question can act as a check (especially for those with INTEREST ONLY mortgages) to help ensure that the main mortgage question has been correctly coded. For example, the respondent may have described their mortgage as an 'Endowment mortgage' (code 1) at the main mortgage question. At the above question they mention that they are also making payments into an ISA which they intend to use to repay their mortgage when it matures. This means that they have more than one investment or savings scheme related to their mortgage, so at the main mortgage question they should really have been coded as 'an interest only with more than one linked investment' (code 6) rather than an endowment mortgage. We are only interested in recording saving schemes and investments into which the respondent is CURRENTLY making payments. For example if they have completed contributing to an ISA then this should not be recorded at this question, so use code 5 and please make a note. If the above question is coded as 'None of the above' - please open a note and record details about how the respondent expects to repay the loan 'Can I just check' will only appear at the beginning of this question when the main mortgage question is coded as 'Interest only with NO linked investments' (code 7) or 'Another type of mortgage' (code 8). The question may not seem relevant for these cases, but we want to ask the question to check that the main mortgage question is coded correctly. If the respondent has an ENDOWMENT mortgage - please use code 5, you will be asked for

information specifically about the ENDOWMENT mortgage at the next question. People with ENDOWMENT mortgages are only routed through this question to ensure that the main mortgage question has been coded correctly.

Edits: – IF THE RESPONDENT SAYS THEY WILL BE REPAYING MORTGAGE USING ANY OF THE INVESTMENT/SAVINGS LISTED IN THE ABOVE QUESTION (CODES 1-4) BUT AT THE MAIN MORTGAGE QUESTION THEY SAID THEY HAD AN 'INTEREST ONLY WITH NO LINKED INVESTMENTS' (CODE 5). YOU DESCRIBED YOUR MORTGAGE AS AN INTEREST ONLY WITH NO LINKED INVESTMENTS, CAN I JUST CHECK IS THIS SAVINGS/INVESTMENT SCHEME LINKED TO YOUR MORTGAGE?' PLEASE AMEND THE ANSWER AT THE MAIN MORTGAGE QUESTION AS APPROPRIATE' – IF THE ABOVE QUESTION IS CODED AS BETWEEN 1 AND 4 (HAS SOME TYPE OF INVESTMENT OR SAVINGS SCHEME) AND AT THE MAIN MORTGAGE QUESTION A CODE 6 (OTHER) HAS BEEN GIVEN

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'IF THERE IS AN ENDOWMENT, PENSION, ISA OR OTHER SAVINGS/INVESTMENT SCHEME LINKED TO COVER THE REPAYMENT OF THE ORIGINAL LOAN, PLEASE AMEND THE ANSWER AT THE MAIN MORTGAGE QUESTION AS APPROPRIATE? – IF THE ABOVE QUESTION IS CODED AS 6 (NONE OF THE ABOVE) AND THE MAIN MORTGAGE QUESTION DOES NOT EQUAL 1 (ENDOWMENT) 'PLEASE LEAVE A NOTE TO DESCRIBE HOW THE RESPONDENT WILL BE REPAYING THEIR MORTGAGE'. – IF THE ABOVE QUESTION IS CODED AS BETWEEN 1 AND 4 (HAS SOME TYPE OF INVESTMENT OR SAVINGS SCHEME) AND THE MAIN MORTGAGE QUESTION IS ANSWERED AS 1 (ENDOWMENT) 'EARLIER YOU DESCRIBED YOUR MORTGAGE AS AN ENDOWMENT BUT YOU ALSO HAVE ANOTHER SAVINGS/INVESTMENT SCHEME LINKED TO THE REPAYMENT OF YOUR MORTGAGE, PLEASE AMEND THE ANSWER AT THE MAIN MORTGAGE QUESTION AS APPROPRIATE'.

IF OWN OR PART-OWN WITH AN ORDINARY MORTGAGE OR LOAN, INTEREST RATE TYPE

– What type of interest rate deal currently applies to your main mortgage? 1. Fixed, for less than 2 years 2. Fixed, for between 2 years and less than 5 years 3. Fixed, for 5 years or more 4. Lender’s standard variable rate 5. Discounted variable rate (relative to lender’s standard variable rate; can change at any

time) 6. Capped variable rate (variable rate but fixed not to go above a set level) 7. Tracker (moves up and down relative to benchmark such as Bank of England’s minimum

lending rate) 8. Other

ALL-IN-ONE ACCOUNTS All-in-one accounts allow a person to link together different accounts – for example, a current account, a savings account and a mortgage. There are two types of all-in one mortgage: current account mortgages and offset mortgages.

– Is your mortgage an all-in-one account? 1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instructions Flexible mortgages Flexible mortgages are those which give the borrower the flexibility to make certain changes without asking their lender first, such as varying the amount or timing of payments, or taking breaks in some circumstances. People with such mortgages can make over or underpayments each month or can pay off lump sums without incurring charges. Other common features of flexible mortgages are the ability to withdraw lump sums and to take payment holidays. If people overpay it may allow them to pay off the mortgage early, or to take payment holidays later, for example if they have a baby or take a career break. It is worth noting that increasingly many “traditional” mortgages have flexible features even though they are not strictly flexible mortgages. For example it may be possible to make lump sum payments without restriction. However for a mortgage to be truly flexible it should really have the facility to make overpayments and to make underpayments. Flexible mortgages can be repayment, endowment or other investment mortgages. A subset of flexible mortgages is called all-on-one accounts. There are two types: current account mortgages: mortgage combined with a current account and forms one account, e.g.: Virgin One Account offset mortgages: the mortgage is run parallel with a current account and savings account between which money can be transferred and the mortgage debt offset against any savings

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held (offset) (see diagram), there may be several savings “pots” which together form the total savings e.g.: Woolwich Open Plan

SHOW CARD X (CARD WILL SHOW DIAGRAM OF OFF-SET AND / OR CURRENT ACCOUNT MORTGAGES TO IMPROVE LEVEL OF RECOGNITION) IF THE RESPONDENT HAS AN ALL-IN-ONE ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT / OFFSET MORTGAGE

– Is your all-in-one account, a current account mortgage or an off set mortgage?

1. Current Account Mortgage 2. Offset Mortgage

Interviewer instructions: SHOW CARD H Current account mortgages Summary... With a current account mortgage, the borrower's mortgage is combined with their current account to form one account for example, the 'Virgin One Account'. In more detail... The main difference between an offset mortgage and current account mortgage is that with a current account mortgage, the borrower's current account and any other accounts are combined with their mortgage account. The current account mortgage (CAM) combines the borrower's mortgage, current account, savings account, personal loans and credit cards into one account. Their salary is paid into this account, if they don't spend all their income at the end of the month, that amount is taken off what is owed on the mortgage. For example, if they were paid £2000 after tax each month, then spend £1500 in the month, £500 is left in the account which comes off the mortgage. Since interest is calculated on a daily basis, the interest paid is immediately reduced. The CAM allows the borrower to make overpayments and underpayments and borrow back money, so can be defined as fully flexible.

SHOW CARD I Offset mortgages The Savings account, current account and mortgage are held separately but the balances in all the accounts are taken into consideration when calculating interest for the mortgage repayments. Summary... The mortgage is run parallel with a current account and savings account between which money can be transferred and the mortgage debt offset against any savings held (offset). In more detail.... Offset is a new type of flexible mortgage. It links the mortgage to the borrower's Current and Savings Accounts. The borrower can save money on interest repayments, because the interest is calculated on the difference between the combined balance of the Current and Savings Accounts and their mortgage balances. This means that the mortgage term could be reduced and the borrower saves money. Interest is calculated daily, so every day the borrower's Current and Savings Accounts are in credit, the interest calculated on the mortgage will be reduced and the subsequent repayments.

IF CURRENT ACCOUNT MORTGAGE CURRENT ACCOUNT MORTGAGE BALANCE

What is the negative balance or overdraft on your current account mortgage? £0……£999997

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IF CURRENT ACCOUNT MORTGAGE AND 2 OR MORE LOANS CURROTHERBAL

…and what is the outstanding balance on the other mortgages/loans on this accommodation?

£0…..£999997 IF OFFSET MORTGAGE MORTBALANCE

What is the total amount still outstanding on ALL the mortgages/loans that are linked to this accommodation? £0…..£999997

IF ONOUTMRG=1 (IE AN ORDINARY MORTGAGE) USUAL PAYMENTS

What is the total of your usual payments on (all) your mortgage(s) or loan(s) £0…..£999997

MorgPerl

What period does this payment cover? Standard period codes, see Appendix A

Mortgage - Endowment Policies/Pension Plan/PEP/ISA or Unit Trust Inputs Subsample: all households where there any endowment policies covering the repayment of this mortgage or loan, or the repayment of the original loan is covered by current payments into a Pension Plan (pension mortgage), a PEP or ISA, a Unit Trust or Investment Trust scheme or any other savings/investment scheme . IF IN SUBSAMPLE DEFINED ABOVE ENDOWMENT MORTGAGE / LOAN REPAYMENT

Are there any endowment policies/pension plans/other savings vehicles linked to the repayment of your mortgage(s)?

1. Yes 2. No

Edit: – NORMALLY THERE WOULD BE AN ENDOWMENT POLICY WITH AN ENDOWMENT MORTGAGE. soft check

LAST PREMIUM / CONTRIBUTION

What was the total of your last payments / premiums / contributions? £0….£999997

COVERAGE What period of time did this payment(s) cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

N

National Identity Inputs The national identity question should be asked as a separate question in addition to the ethnic group question. Research has shown that classifying ethnic group is best achieved separately from national identity. It is recommended that the national identity question is asked immediately before the ethnic group question in surveys. The previous national identity question is provided in Annex A (Box A.1)

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The order of response categories should be changed depending on where the question is being asked. The recommended orders of categories are given in Box 1.

Box 1. National identity question (a)

Applies to All Interviewer to read: How would you describe your national identity? Please choose all that apply.

In England

Interviewer to read options English Welsh Scottish Northern Irish British Other, please describe

In Wales Interviewer to read options Welsh English Scottish Northern Irish British Other, please describe

In Scotland

Interviewer to read options Scottish English Welsh Northern Irish British Other, please describe

In Northern Ireland

Interviewer to read options British Irish Northern Irish English Scottish Welsh Other, please describe

It is recommended that a show card is used in interviewer-led surveys. Where this is not possible (e.g. telephone interviews), the response categories should be read out by the interviewer in the same order as they appear on the show card. Where cross-country comparability is a priority above comparability with respective census questions, categories for a single UK question have been recommended in Box 2. It is still recommended however that the category orders follow those presented in Box 1. Although there is a slight variation of response categories for Northern Ireland, an Irish category should be located between the ‘British’ and ‘Other’ categories. To comply with the Good Friday Agreement, the National identity question should be asked in a way that no-one from Northern Ireland should be forced to choose between being British, Irish and Northern Irish. The show card should include the instruction ‘Please choose all that apply’ in addition to being read out by the interviewer. The instruction ‘please describe’ should also be included on the show card following the ‘other’ response option (see sample show card in the Annex). This should be in non-bold font. These instructions should also be included on paper-based surveys.

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Box 2. National identity question (b): Single UK presentation Applies to All

Interviewer to read: How would you describe your national identity? Please choose all that apply. Category order dependant on where question is asked

In England

Interviewer to read options English Welsh Scottish Northern Irish British Irish Other, please describe

In Wales Interviewer to read options

Welsh English Scottish Northern Irish British Irish Other, please describe

In Scotland

Interviewer to read options Scottish Welsh English Northern Irish British Irish Other, please describe

In Northern Ireland

Interviewer to read options British Irish Northern Irish English Scottish Welsh Other, please describe

National Identity Outputs Data presentation for National Identity question

GB, UK and Northern Ireland The following data presentations should be used for the national identity question. When presenting data separately for England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, presentation should follow order of response categories as per Box 1. Note: XXX indicates where data will be in the presentation table. Use this data presentation for national identity in GB and the UK (using questions in Box 1):

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Box 3 Presentation for national identity data in GB and UK British XXX English XXX Scottish XXX Welsh XXX Northern Irish XXX Other XXX* *’Irish’ combined with ‘Other’. An explanatory note should be provided regarding use of the ‘Irish’ category in Northern Ireland. Figures should be provided as appropriate.

Use this data presentation for national identity in Northern Ireland (or the UK if using the single UK

question):

Box 4 Presentation for national identity data in Northern Ireland (or the UK using the single UK question

British XXX English XXX Scottish XXX Welsh XXX Northern Irish XXX Irish XXX Other XXX

NES-SEC Outputs National Statistics Socio-economic Classification (NS-SEC) is an occupationally based classification but has rules to provide coverage of the whole adult population. The information required to create the NS-SEC is occupation coded to the unit groups (OUG) of SOC2010 and details employment status (whether an employer, self-employed or employee; whether a supervisor; number of employees at the workplace). Similar information was previously required for Social Class based on Occupation (SC) and Socio-Economic Group (SEG). In order to cover the whole adult population, questions are required to identify full-time students and the long-term unemployed, which are included with the harmonised questions to determine ILO economic status. A separate booklet detailing the derivation end use of NS SEC is available from the National Statistics website at http://www.statistics.gov.uk/nsbase/methods_quality/ns_sec/default.asp Output Categories: National Statistics Socio-economic classification The number of classes used depends both upon the analytic purposes at hand and the quality of available data. Within the conceptual model, it is possible to have eight, five and three class versions of NS-SEC. Further details of the nested relationship between the 8, 5 and 3- class versions are given at http://www.statistics.gov.uk/methods_quality/ns_sec/class_collapse.asp The version of the classification, which will be used for most analyses (the analytic version), has eight classes, the first of which can be subdivided.

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NATIONAL STATISTICS SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION (8 Analytic Classes)

1 Higher managerial and professional occupations XXXX1.1 Large employers and higher managerial occupations xxxx1.2 Higher professional occupations xxxx

2 Lower managerial and professional occupations XXXX3 Intermediate occupations XXXX4 Small employers and own account workers XXXX5 Lower supervisory and technical occupations XXXX6 Semi-routine occupations XXXX7 Routine occupations XXXX8 Never worked and long-term unemployed XXXXNot classified *

NATIONAL STATISTICS SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION

(5 Analytic classes)

1 Managerial and professional occupations XXXX2 Intermediate occupations XXXX3 Small employers and own account workers XXXX4 Lower supervisory and technical occupations XXXX5 Semi-routine and routine occupations XXXXNever worked and long-term unemployed XXXXNot classified *

NATIONAL STATISTICS SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION

(3 Analytic classes)

1 Managerial and professional occupations XXXX2 Intermediate occupations XXXX3 Routine and manual occupations XXXXNever worked and long-term unemployed XXXXNot classified *

*For complete coverage, the three categories 'Students', 'Occupations not stated or inadequately described', and 'Not classifiable for other reasons' are added as 'Not classified'. Harmonised questions to identify full-time students and long-term unemployed were introduced in April 2002 (see Economic Status section). Prior to this, an NS-SEC category was assigned on the basis of current main for those in paid work or last main job for those who have ever worked. Therefore, the category ‘never worked and long-term unemployed’ excluded persons who are long-term unemployed but who have previously had a paid job. Full-time students were assigned either to a main NS-SEC class or to the category never worked as appropriate. It is recommended that full-time student status and long-term unemployed status should take priority over other possible classifications. However, it is also recommended that occupational information and other employment details be collected (see below) for all those who are currently in or previously had employment. This is so that an equivalent NS-SEC class for full-time students and long-term unemployed based on their current or last main job can be derived if necessary (e.g. for time series purposes). When deriving NS-SEC for the whole adult population, the following priority order should be taken: - Full-time students - Long-term unemployed - Never worked - NS-SEC based on current or last main job - Occupation not adequately described - Not classified for other reasons

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O

P

Personal Well-Being (Interim Harmonised Standard) Introduction The Office for National Statistics (ONS) introduced questions on personal well-being on the Annual Population Survey (APS) in April 2011. The questions have remained unchanged on the APS since they were first introduced. All question testing that has been carried out on personal well-being questions has been done using a separate survey – the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (OPN) – to preserve consistency of measures on the APS. One of the main benefits of collecting information on personal well-being is that it is based on people’s views of their own individual well-being. In the past, assumptions were made about how objective conditions, such as people’s health and income, might influence their individual well-being. Personal well-being measures, on the other hand, take account of what matters to people by allowing them to decide what is important when they respond to questions. Personal well-being (PWB) questions as they currently appear on the ONS Annual Population Survey:

PERSONAL WELL-BEING

68. Satis

UK Next I would like to ask you four questions about your feelings on aspects of your life. There are no right or wrong answers. For each of these questions I’d like you to give an answer on a scale of nought to 10, where nought is ‘not at all’ and 10 is ‘completely’. Overall, how satisfied are you with your life nowadays? Interviewer instruction: where nought is ‘not at all satisfied’ and 10 is ‘completely satisfied’ Scale from 0 to 10 Asked if: PersProx1 = IN PERSON, DVAge = 16+2

69. Worth

UK Overall, to what extent do you feel that the things you do in your life are worthwhile? Interviewer instruction: where nought is ‘not at all worthwhile’ and 10 is ‘completely worthwhile’ Scale from 0 to 10 Asked if: PersProx = IN PERSON, DVAge = 16+

70. Happy

UK Overall, how happy did you feel yesterday?

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Interviewer instruction: where nought is ‘not at all happy’ and 10 is ‘completely happy’ Scale from 0 to 10 Asked if: PersProx = IN PERSON, DVAge = 16+

71. Anxious

UK On a scale where nought is ‘not at all anxious’ and 10 is ‘completely anxious’, overall, how anxious did you feel yesterday? Scale from 0 to 10 Asked if: PersProx = IN PERSON, DVAge = 16+

1. PersProx = IN PERSON: responses should be answered in person by the respondent. Proxy responses (on behalf of someone else in the household) will not be accepted

2. DVAge = 16+ = Questions asked to those aged 16 and over only Question Placement It is recommended that the four personal well-being questions are placed after the key demographic questions in line with the way the questions are administered on the APS. The positioning of the four questions was decided following ONS qualitative work and extensive discussions within ONS. Positioning the four questions after the key demographics allows rapport to be developed between the interviewer and the respondent, as well as ensuring the main survey questions do not impact on response to the personal well-being questions. For further details on question placement, please refer to the Personal Well-being Survey User Guide. Survey Modes To date, ONS have tested the four personal well-being questions using a range of modes of administration, including self-completion (CAPI) and interviewer-led face to face and telephone survey methods. The Annual Population Survey is mixed mode and data is collected either by telephone interview or face-to-face in the respondent's home. Different collection modes can affect responses and personal well-being estimates are no exception. For example in the Annual Population Survey it appears that on average people responding face-to-face with an interviewer in their home gave lower ratings to those responding via the telephone. This issue is particularly important for the APS as all interviews in Scotland north of the Caledonian Canal are administered by telephone only, rather than through a combination of telephone and face-to-face interviews, as is the case in other areas of the UK. Please see the latest statistical bulletin 'Personal Well-being Across the UK, 2012/13' for the most recent data for different survey modes on the APS. A regression analysis which looked at the variation in well-being outcomes by specific characteristics and circumstances of individuals whilst holding other characteristics equal was also carried out in spring 2013. The findings of this analysis show that people interviewed face to face give lower well-being ratings on average than people interviewed by telephone. However, the size effects are small. Further details on this regression analysis are available in the report 'Measuring National Well-being - What matters most to Personal Well-being?' Previous research has found that on average lower scores to well-being questions are received if the interview is carried out via self-completion rather than administered by an interviewer, particularly for female respondents (Pudney 2010). Testing on the ONS Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (OPN) has shown that there was little difference in the mean ratings between the interviewer led and self-completion interviews. Further details on this testing are available in the report 'Initial Investigation into Subjective Well-being from the Opinions Survey'

The following working paper produced for the National Statistician’s Technical Advisory Group on Measuring National Well-being also provides further evidence on the impact of responses under different interview conditions: Ralph, K., Palmer, K. and Olney, J. (2011), ‘ Subjective well-being: a qualitative investigation of subjective well-being questions’ (344.6 Kb Pdf) , Working Paper for the Technical Advisory Group on 29 March 2012

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References: I. Pudney S (2010) ' An experimental analysis of the impact of survey design on measures and

models of subjective wellbeing' ISER Working Paper Series: 2010-20 Institute for Social and Economic Research. https://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/publications/working-papers/iser/2010-20

Frequently Asked Questions The Personal Well-being Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's) which will be updated as required can be found in the link below: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/social-and-welfare-methodology/subjective-wellbeing-survey-user-guide/subjective-well-being-frequently-asked-questions--faq-s-.html Surveys Using the Four ONS Personal Well-being Questions An overview of surveys in the UK that use the four ONS personal well-being questions as of September 2013, can be found in the link below: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/social-and-welfare-methodology/subjective-wellbeing-survey-user-guide/index.html Personal Well-being Survey User Guide A download of the ‘Personal Well-being User Guide: 2012/13 Dataset’ and previous versions of the user guide for use with different datasets can be found in the link below: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/social-and-welfare-methodology/subjective-wellbeing-survey-user-guide/index.html Are the Current Four Personal Well-being Questions Likely to Change? The four questions that were introduced on the APS in April 2011 are experimental in nature and could be subject to revision going forward in light of further user engagement, further testing and development and international demands for harmonised questions. Long term plans are to have a set of questions that provide consistent estimates over time. In the shorter term this needs to be balanced with getting the best estimates possible, ensuring they meet policy needs and take account of the harmonisation work that is being undertaken around the world. The questions have remained unchanged on the APS since they were first introduced and all question testing has been carried out using the OPN survey to preserve consistency of measures on the APS. Personal Well-being Publications 'Personal Well-being Across the UK, 2012/13' (data from 2012/13 dataset) http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/wellbeing/measuring-national-well-being/personal-well-being-across-the-uk--2012-13/index.html 'Personal Well-being in the UK, 2012/13' (data from 2012/13 dataset) http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/wellbeing/measuring-national-well-being/personal-well-being-in-the-uk--2012-13/index.html 'What matters most to Personal Well-being?' (regression analysis, 2011/12 dataset) http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/wellbeing/measuring-national-well-being/what-matters-most-to-personal-well-being-in-the-uk-/index.html 'Differences in Well-being by Ethnicity' http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/wellbeing/measuring-subjective-wellbeing-in-the-uk/differences-in-well-being-by-ethnicity/index.html 'First Annual ONS Experimental Subjective Well-being Results' (data from 2011/12 dataset) http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/wellbeing/measuring-subjective-wellbeing-in-the-uk/first-annual-ons-experimental-subjective-well-being-results/index.html 'Analysis of Experimental Subjective Well-being Data from the Annual Population Survey, April to September 2011' (data from 2011/12 dataset - 1st 6 months) http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/wellbeing/measuring-subjective-wellbeing-in-the-uk/analysis-of-experimental-subjective-well-being-data-from-the-annual-population-survey--april---september-2011/index.html 'Initial Investigation into Subjective Well-being from the Opinions Survey' http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/wellbeing/measuring-subjective-wellbeing-in-the-uk/investigation-of-subjective-well-being-data-from-the-ons-opinions-survey/index.html

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Quality and Methodology information A download of the information paper covering quality and methodology information for the ‘First Annual ONS Experimental Subjective Well-being Results' can be found in the link below http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/quality/quality-information/people-and-places/index.html

Q

Qualifications Inputs Unlike the inputs for the simple classificatory variable on educational attainment, inputs needed to produce harmonised outputs on qualifications will be data on all of respondent's qualifications. This provides the means for consistent decisions, post-interview, on which qualification is the highest. When respondents select their highest qualification themselves, there is consistency only at the simple level shown in the 3-level classificatory variable on educational attainment (see Primary Module 1). Some GSS surveys which specialise in qualifications data will need more detailed groupings. From Spring 1998, the LFS and General Lifestyle Survey (GLS) formerly GHS, share a harmonised set of questions on qualifications, although they will each also carry their own further questions on the topic; users who are interested in collecting information on qualifications for substantive analysis may wish to look at the questions used in these two surveys and refer to the detailed breakdown which is presented under a harmonised concept for qualifications. The questions are too extensive for presentation here. NOTE; the following highlighted text will be revised shortly The International Standard Classification for Education (ISCED) is currently being updated and the harmonised definition will only be finalised when the new international definition is agreed. A mapping of the UK harmonised survey categories to ISCED will then be produced. The categories proposed are not exactly the same as the levels within the National Framework of Qualifications however the data on all qualifications needed to classify to these targets are too complex for non-specialist surveys. National Targets are currently being reviewed: further information is available from FE & Skills Strategy and Analysis', Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills 0114 259 1386

Annex A Educational Attainment as a Classificatory Variable: Discussion In 2004, ONS developed a set of simple questions which would measure educational attainment through the highest qualification obtained. Several major government household surveys, including the LFS and GHS, already have a set of questions which collect all qualifications; highest qualification, in a scale of the analyst's choosing, can then be derived. These surveys have a substantive interest in qualifications. It would not be feasible to ask so many questions and to collect all qualifications on a survey which needs only a simple classification of educational attainment and has no interest in qualifications as such. The set of questions which ONS developed to meet this need tried to collect the highest qualification directly, without asking for any other qualifications. This approach would only be successful if: (1) respondents judged their highest qualification according to a common scale which was also the scale required in analysis; (2) they included vocational as well as academic qualifications; and (3) they were able to recognise equivalencies between qualifications in a scale which they were shown and any qualifications they held which were not on the prompt card. The cognitive testing confirmed the findings of previous pilots and of tests for the 2001 Census: that the conditions noted above are not met with adequate reliability or validity to justify their use. Further work might be done to try to refine this approach, but it seems unlikely to be successful without increasing the number of questions unacceptably for simple classificatory purposes.

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A different approach might seek to build on the positive findings of the cognitive test to define a variable which would have more useful categories than the current simple measure of educational attainment (years of continuous full-time education), and which could be expected to collect reliable and valid data. The categories of this variable would, the test suggested, have to be very simple. Moreover, cognitive testing can only suggest areas for further investigation, so any new set of questions would need testing cognitively and quantitatively. The categories which the test suggested could be collected with adequate reliability and validity for broad classificatory purposes were: - has degree or degree-level vocational qualification, or above - has a qualification below degree level - has no educational or vocational qualifications A degree was the only clearly recognised qualification which also seemed to define a group at the top of everybody's scales. Other commonly recognised qualifications, like A Level, could not do so because there are many actual and possible equivalents, which respondents found difficult to place, and qualifications of a similar level which different respondents would place above and below the commonly recognised qualification. We note that qualifications cross-analyses are often presented in terms of these three categories. The General Lifestyle Survey (GLS) – formerly GHS shows that nearly a third of adults say they have no qualifications and just over one in ten adults have a degree or degree-level qualification or higher. If there is agreement that a variable with the three categories above would be the most useful to collect reliable and valid data in a simple set of questions for classificatory purposes, a suitable question or questions should be developed and tested. The cognitive test showed that there would be some remaining problems to address, such as what counts as a qualification, but it is likely that solutions could be developed. COMPOSITION OF THE PROPOSED OUTPUT CATEGORIES Higher Education & professional/vocational equivalents Degree or Degree equivalent, and above - Higher degree and postgraduate qualifications - First degree (including B.Ed.) - Postgraduate Diplomas and Certificates (including PGCE) - Professional qualifications at degree level e.g. graduate member of professional institute, chartered accountant or surveyor - NVQ or SVQ level 4 or 5

Other Higher Education below degree level - Diplomas in higher education & other higher education qualifications - HNC, HND, Higher level BTEC - Teaching qualifications for schools or further education (below Degree level standard) - Nursing, or other medical qualifications not covered above (below Degree level standard) - RSA higher diploma A levels, vocational level 3 and equivalents - A level or equivalent - AS level - SCE Higher, Scottish Certificate Sixth Year Studies or equivalent - NVQ or SVQ level 3 - GNVQ Advanced or GSVQ level 3 - OND, ONC, BTEC National, SCOTVEC National Certificate - City & Guilds advanced craft, Part III (& other names) - RSA advanced diploma Trade Apprenticeships GCSE/O Level grade A*-C, vocational level 2 and equivalents - NVQ or SVQ level 2 - GNVQ intermediate or GSVQ level 2 - RSA Diploma - City & Guilds Craft or Part II (& other names) - BTEC, SCOTVEC first or general diploma et - O level or GCSE grade A-C, SCE Standard or Ordinary grades 1-3

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Qualifications at level 1 and below - NVQ or SVQ level 1 - GNVQ Foundation level, GSVQ level 1 - GCSE or O level below grade C, SCE Standard or Ordinary below grade 3 - CSE below grade 1 - BTEC, SCOTVEC first or general certificate - SCOTVEC modules - RSA Stage I, II, or III - City and Guilds part 1 - Junior certificate - (In future: entry level qualifications, as yet undefined) Other qualifications: level unknown - Other vocational or professional or foreign qualifications No qualifications Note: The above list is not a complete listing of all qualifications. In particular, it does not give all the names which have been used by BTEC or City and Guilds. Neither does it give names for vocational qualifications from other awarding bodies besides BTEC, City and Guilds, RSA and SCOTVEC so it is not complete, although it should cover the majority of vocational qualifications awarded.

Qualifications (detailed: see also Educational Attainment) Outputs It is proposed to provide a secondary set of harmonised concepts for qualifications, which will provide for greater detail in relation to the type and nature of the highest qualification held. It is intended that it should be possible to map these more detailed outputs onto the provisional outputs for educational attainment. Respondents are allocated to the group containing their highest qualification as shown in the composition of proposed output categories listed in Appendix A. Provisional Output Categories: Level of Highest Qualification

Higher degree and postgraduate qualifications xxx Degree, or degree level equivalent xxx

Degree, or Degree equivalent, and above XXXX Other Higher Education below degree level xxx A levels, vocational level 3 and equivalent xxx

‘A’ levels, vocational level 3 and above XXXX Trade Apprenticeships xxx GCSE/O level grade A*-C, vocational level 2 & equivalents xxx Qualifications at level 1 or below xxx Other qualifications - level unknown xxx

Other qualifications below ‘A’ level, vocational level 3 & level unknown XXXX Other Qualifications XXXX No qualifications XXXX

R

Religion Inputs Where a single question on religion is required for data collection in the UK, religious affiliation is the recommended concept to measure. The 2001 harmonised religion question is provided in Annex B (Box B.1) It is not recommended that a single Christian category is used across GB or the UK. Breakdown for the Christian denominations that should be used in Scotland and Northern Ireland are provided in Box 5.

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It is recommended that a show card is used in interviewer-led surveys in GB. Where this is not possible (e.g. telephone interviews), the response categories should be read out by the interviewer in the same order as the appropriate show card. The instruction ‘please describe’ should be included on the show card following the ‘any other religion’ response option. This should be in non-bold font. This instruction should also be included on paper-based surveys Use of a show card is not recommended in Northern Ireland. The interviewer should read the question and wait for a spontaneous response. If a response is not forthcoming, the interviewer may prompt using the categories provided in Box 5 for Northern Ireland. Please note that the religion question on the Labour Force Survey for Northern Ireland asks about religious denomination, with the main difference being nine categories, where ‘other protestant’ and ‘other religion’ are combined compared to sixteen on the harmonised standard question. Box 5. Religion question for GB, UK and Northern Ireland

Applies to All Interviewer to read: What is your religion?

In England

Interviewer to read options 1. No religion 2. Christian (including Church of England, Catholic,

Protestant and all other Christian denominations) 3. Buddhist

4. Hindu 5. Jewish 6. Muslim 7. Sikh 8. Any other religion, please describe

In Wales Interviewer to read options

1. No religion 2. Christian (all denominations) 3. Buddhist 4. Hindu 5. Jewish 6. Muslim 7. Sikh 8. Any other religion, please describe

In Scotland

Interviewer to read options 1. No religion 2. Church of Scotland 3. Roman Catholic 4. Other Christian 5. Buddhist 6. Hindu 7. Jewish 8. Muslim 9. Sikh 10. Any other religion, please describe

In Northern Ireland

Interviewer to read options 1. No religion 2. Catholic 3. Presbyterian 4. Church of Ireland 5. Methodist 6. Baptist 7. Free Presbyterian 8. Brethren 9. Protestant – Other, including not specified

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10. Christian – Other, including not specified 11. Buddhist 12. Hindu 13. Jewish 14. Muslim 15. Sikh

Any other religion, please describe

Religion Outputs Data presentation for Religion question GB, UK and Northern Ireland The following data presentations should be used for the religion question. Note: XXX indicates where data will be in the presentation table. Use this data presentation for the harmonised religion question in England and Wales (also GB and UK): Box 6 Data presentation for harmonised religion question for England, Wales and GB

No religion XXX Christian XXX Buddhist XXX Hindu XXX Jewish XXX Muslim XXX Sikh XXX Any other religion XXX

Use this data presentation for the harmonised religion question in Scotland Box 7 Data presentation for harmonised question in Scotland

No religion XXX Church of Scotland XXX Roman Catholic XXX Other Christian XXX Buddhist XXX Hindu XXX Jewish XXX Muslim XXX Sikh XXX Any other religion XXX

Use this data presentation for the harmonised religion question in Northern Ireland Box 8 Data presentation for the harmonised question in Northern Ireland

No religion XXX Catholic XXX Presbyterian XXX Church of Ireland XXX Methodist XXX Baptist XXX Free Presbyterian XXX

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Brethren XXX Protestant – Other, including not specified XXX Christian – Other, including not specified XXX Buddhist XXX Hindu XXX Jewish XXX Muslim XXX Sikh XXX Any other religion XXX

It is recommended that UK comparisons are not made using census data as the questions used in the

censuses differ. Scotland and Northern Ireland censuses ask a question on ‘belonging’, whilst England and Wales ask about affiliation.

Renters Inputs Sub sample: EFS, FRS, EHS - code 4 at basic Tenure question. Note to users: There are two alternative sets of questions on rent: a simple version equivalent to the previous harmonised question and a more detailed set of questions that probe the uncertainty that many tenants have regarding the amount of HB or LHA that they effectively receive. The simpler question is provided for those surveys that don’t want go into the extra detail covered by the longer question set. SIMPLE QUESTION SET: IF RENT ACCOMMODATION RENT PAID

– How much rent did your household actually pay last time it was due, after deducting any Housing Benefit (rent rebate)?

ENTER TO THE NEAREST £1 (AFTER HOUSING BENEFIT)

Interviewer instructions: Rebates If a 100% rent rebate/Housing Benefit is received but water/sewerage rates and other services etc are paid separately (i.e. not included in the gross rent charge), then the amount here should be zero. If a 100% rent rebate/Housing Benefit is received and the water rates, etc, are normally included in the rent, then the amount paid for water rates etc should be entered here.

IF RENT ACCOMMODATION COVERAGE

– How long did this cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

Edit: FOR COUNCIL TENANTS: – RENT IS £[X] FOR [PERIOD CODE]. THAT COMES TO £[X] A WEEK. RENTS FOR COUNCIL AND NEW TOWN TENANTS ARE NORMALLY BELOW £150 PER WEEK. soft check

DETAILED QUESTION SET: Please note that only Private Renters are asked about both Housing Benefit and Local Housing Allowance. IF (SHARED OWNER OR NOT OWNER) AND NOT LIVING RENT-FREE, AND HOUSEHOLD CONSISTS OF A GROUP OF TENANTS SHARING THE ACCOMMODATION RENTHBANS

– Are you able to answer questions about rent and Housing Benefit (HB) or Local Housing Allowance (LHA) for the whole household?

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1. Yes, whole household 2. No, self only

IF NOT RENT-FREE HOUSING BENEFIT/LHA

– Some people qualify for Housing Benefit (HB) or Local Housing Allowance (LHA), that is a rent rebate or an allowance. Is all or part of your rent covered by HB or LHA?

1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t know

IF RECEIVES HOUSING BENEFIT/LHA LEVEL OF HB/LHA

– How much of your rent does the HB/LHA cover? 1. It exactly covers the rent 2. It covers some of the rent 3. It covers more than the rent 4. Don’t know

Depending on the response to the above question, one of the following 4 alternative sets of questions is asked about amounts of rent and HB/LHA and periods covered: 1) IF HB/LHA EXACTLY COVERS THE RENT (LEVEL OF HB/LHA = 1): AMOUNT OF HB/LHA

– How much HB/LHA is received – that is, how much is your rent?

– What period of time does this cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

2) IF HB/LHA COVERS SOME OF THE RENT (LEVEL OF HB/LHA = 2):

– How much Housing Benefit/Housing Benefit or Local Housing Allowance is paid towards your rent?[A]

– What period of time does this payment cover?

STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

– How much rent do you (and your household) actually pay to your landlord, excl. water rates? [B]

– And what period of time does this rent payment cover?

STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

– So the full amount of rent works out at [A+B] – is that right? 1. Yes 2. No

If NO, – What is the full amount of rent that you (and your household) are charged for your

accommodation, incl. HB/LHA and excl. water rates? Note to interviewer: If water rates, maintenance charges or council tax are included in the rent, and they don’t know the amount, enter the full amount of the rent.

– And what period of time does this payment cover? Standard period codes, see Appendix A

IF RESPONDENT DOESN’TKNOW HOW MUCH HB/LHA COVERS THE RENT

– How much rent does the landlord/council/housing association charge in total for your accommodation, excl. water rates?

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Note to interviewer: If living ‘rent free’, enter zero and code ‘none of these’ below for time period If water rates, maintenance charges or council tax are included in the rent, and they don’t know the amount, enter the full amount of rent

– And what period does this rent payment cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

– And how much rent do you (and your household) actually pay to your landlord, excl. water

rates?

– And what period does this rent payment cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

3) IF HB/LHA COVERS MORE THAN THE RENT (LEVEL OF HB/LHA = 3):

– How much Local Housing Allowance (or Housing Benefit) do you receive in total? [C]

– And what period does this rent payment cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

– And how much do you (and your household) pay to your landlord in total for your

accommodation, excl. water rates? [D]

– And what period does this rent payment cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

– So your LHA/HB payments receipts exceed your rent by [C] minus [D] – is this right? 1. Yes 2. No

If NO, – What is the full amount of rent that you (and your household) are charged for your

accommodation, including Local Housing Allowance or Housing Benefit/Housing Benefit and excluding water rates?

– And what period does this rent payment cover?

STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A 4) IF RESPONDENT DOESN’T KNOW WHETHER ANY OF THE RENT IS COVERED BY HB/LHA (LEVEL OF HB/LHA = 4):

– How much rent does the landlord/council/housing association charge in total for your accommodation, excluding. water rates?

Note to interviewer: If living ‘rent free’, enter zero and code ‘none of these’ below for time period. If water rates, maintenance charges or council tax are included in the rent, and they don’t know the amount, enter the full amount of the rent.

– And what period does this rent payment cover?

STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

– How much rent do you (and your household) actually pay for your accommodation, after the HB/LHA has been taken off, excl. water rates? Note to interviewer: If living ‘rent free’, enter zero and code ‘none of these’ below for time period. If water rates, maintenance charges or council tax are included in the rent, and they don’t know the amount, enter the full amount of the rent.

– And what period does this rent payment cover?

STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A

IF NO PART OF THE RENT IS COVERED BY HB/LHA (Housing Benefit/LHA = 2): How much rent do you (and your household) pay for this accommodation, excluding. water rates?

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Note to interviewer: If living ‘rent free’, enter zero and code ‘none of these’ below for time period. If water rates, maintenance charges or council tax are included in the rent, and they don’t know the amount, enter the full amount of the rent.

– And what period does this rent payment cover?

STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A IF TENANT IS NOT LIVING RENT-FREE SERINC

– Does the rent which you mentioned include any of these services? 1. council tax 2. heating 3. water and sewage 4. lighting 5. hot water 6. fuel for cooking 7. regular meals 8. TV licence fee 9. or none of these services

What was your rent excluding all the above services and before any HB (or LHA) that you may receive has been deducted? (Ask for an estimate if they don’t know or aren’t sure) And what period of time does this rent cover? STANDARD PERIOD CODES, SEE APPENDIX A IF RENT ACCOMMODATION RENT HOLIDAY

– Do you have a rent holiday?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instruction: Some people know this as ‘rent free week’.

IF RESPONDENT HAS A RENT HOLIDAY: LENGTH OF RENT HOLIDAY

– For how many weeks a year do you have a rent holiday? Interviewer instruction: Rent holidays are weeks, usually holiday periods, when no rent is due. To allow for this the year’s rent is divided into 48, 49 or 50 instalments instead of 52.

S

Selected Job Details Inputs LENGTH OF TIME SINCE LAST DID PAID WORK IF NOT CURRENTLY EMPLOYED BUT HAVE HAD PAID WORK YEAR OF LEAVING JOB

– Which year did you leave your last PAID job?

Interviewer instruction: This question does not include casual or holiday work.

Edits: – YEAR OF LEAVING YOUR LAST PAID JOB CANNOT BE IN THE FUTURE. hard check

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IF LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 8 YEARS MONTH OF LEAVING JOB

– Which month in that year did you leave? TIME IN PRESENT JOB IF EMPLOYEE YEAR OF STARTING WORK

– In which year did you start working continuously for your current employer?

Interviewer instructions: If a respondent has a contract that is renewed, for example yearly, you should take the respondent opinion as to how long they have worked continuously for their employer. We are interested in continuous employment with their current employer. Any previous separate spells of work with their current employer should be ignored. If the respondent’s company or firm changed ownership but his or her conditions of employment did not change it should be treated as one continuous period of employment. However if the respondent was made redundant and then re-employed by the new owners, then it would be the date they were re-employed that would be entered. Edit: – YEAR OF STARTING TO WORK CONTINUOUSLY FOR YOUR CURRENT EMPLOYER SHOULD BE THE SAME OR EARLIER THAN YEAR OF INTERVIEW. hard check

IF SELF-EMPLOYED YEAR OF STARTING SELF-EMPLOYMENT

– In which year did you start working continuously as a self-employed person?

Interviewer instruction: We are interested in the length of time the respondent has been continuously self-employed even if he or she has been doing different jobs or running different businesses during that time.

Edits: – YEAR OF STARTING TO WORK CONTINUOUSLY AS A SELF-EMPLOYED PERSON SHOULD BE THE SAME AS OR EARLIER THAN YEAR OF INTERVIEW. hard check – ARE YOU SURE? STARTED SELF-EMPLOYED BUSINESS WHEN AGED LESS THAN 16. - SEEMS A BIT YOUNG. soft check

IF LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 8 YEARS MONTH OF STARTING SELF-EMPLOYMENT

– And which month was that? USUAL HOURS WORKED IN THE MAIN JOB

Interviewer instruction: Definition of main job Respondents with more than one job in the reference week should decide themselves which is their main job. Only if they are unable to do so should the LFS criterion be applied: the job which was the largest number of hours.

IF IN EMPLOYMENT OVERTIME

– Do you ever do any work which you would regard as paid or unpaid overtime?

1. Yes 2. No

Interviewer instructions: 'Ever' means whatever the respondent takes it to mean. If the respondent is unable to answer, refer to the last four weeks (as in the questions below).

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The words 'which you would regard..' are an important part of this question as we are specifically interested in whether the respondent considers that they do any overtime, not whether the employer would officially class it as overtime. In the case of respondents who are self-employed, some may say that non-productive time, e.g. book-keeping, is paid and some may say it is unpaid overtime. You must accept whatever the respondent regards the overtime as.

IF DOES NO OVERTIME HOURS WORKED/WEEK

– How many hours per week do you usually work in your (main) job/business - please exclude meals breaks?

Interviewer instructions: Accept the answer given. For example, for teachers it may very well exceed a basic 27 to 28 hours. For the questions relating to hours of work the hours should be recorded to the nearest 15 minutes, with part- hours as decimals, for example, 36 hrs 30 minutes would be recorded as 36.5, 40 hrs 45 minutes would be recorded as 40.75. If the work pattern is not based on a week, get an average over the last four weeks. If the respondent has been off sick for a long period, take the usual hours worked before going sick. If a person has started a new job in the reference week the usual hours should relate to what the person expects them to be in the future. For apprentices, trainees and other people in vocational training exclude any time spent in school or other special training centres outside their workplace. Self-employed people often find it difficult to give precise figures. It is important, however, that we have information about their hours worked to compare these with the hours worked by employees. If necessary, encourage them to work things through on a daily basis and get as accurate a figure as possible. Respondents working on-call: If someone states when asked the hours questions that they usually work 24 hours a day because they are 'on-call', probe for the average number of hours actually worked. Identify how many hours were actually worked in the last four weeks and average these out to give a weekly total for usual hours. This should include only those hours during which the respondent was actually working. Therefore if, for example, a respondent was on-call all night, but was only called out to work for two hours, the actual working hours for this night would be two hours.

IF DOES OVERTIME HOURS WORKED INCLUDING OVERTIME

– Thinking of your (main) job/business, how many hours per week do you usually work - please exclude meal breaks and overtime?

IF DOES OVERTIME OVERTIME HOURS

– How many hours PAID overtime do you usually work per week?

Interviewer instruction: Include overtime hours only. When an employee works on some kind of flexitime system, paid overtime should be registered only if no compensatory time off is taken. When overtime is worked on a seasonal or irregular basis and the respondent has difficulty in providing a 'usual' figure, take the average over the last four weeks. Include hours worked at home if paid.

IF DOES OVERTIME UNPAID OVERTIME HOURS

– How many hours UNPAID overtime do you usually work per week?

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Interviewer instruction: Include unpaid hours worked at home (e.g. teachers preparing lessons) as well as unpaid hours worked at the workplace.

IF IN EMPLOYMENT TOTAL HOURS

– Your total usual hours come to (n). Is that about right, or not?

1. Yes, right 2. No

Edit: – TOTAL MUST BE AGREED WITH RESPONDENT hard check

Selected Job Details Outputs In the 1996 version of this document a number of inputs were published relating to: length of time since last did paid work, time in present job and usual hours worked in main job. Harmonised outputs for each of these have now been developed. Output Categories: Length of time since last did paid work (if not currently in employment)

Less than 3 months xxx 3 months & less than 6 months xxx

Less than 6 months XXXX 6 months and less than 1 year XXXX 1 year & less than 2 years XXXX

Less than 2 years XXXX 2 years and less than 3 years xxx 3 years and less than 4 years xxx 4 years and less than 5 years xxx

2 years & less than 5 years XXXX 5 years or more XXXX

2 years or more XXXX Never had a paid job XXXX Missing XXXX

Output Categories: Time in present job

Less than 3 months XXXX 3 months & less than 6 months XXXX 6 months and less than 1 year XXXX 1 year & less than 2 years XXXX

Less than 2 years XXXX 2 years & less than 5 years XXXX 5 years & less than 10 years XXXX 10 years & less than 20 years XXXX 20 years or more XXXX

2 years or more XXXX Missing

XXXX

Output Categories: Usual hours worked in main job Less than 6 hours xxx 6 hours and less than 11 hours xxx 11 hours and less than 16 hours xxx

Less than 16 hours XXXX 16 hours and less than 21 hours xxx 21 hours and less than 26 hours xxx 26 hours and less than 31 hours xxx

16 hours and less than 31 hours XXXX All working less than 31 hours XXXX

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31 hours and less than 36 hours xxx 36 hours and less than 41 hours xxx

31 hours and less than 41 hours XXXX 41 hours and less than 46 hours xxx 46 hours and less than 51 hours xxx

41 hours and less than 51 hours XXXX 51 hours less than 56 hours xxx 56 hours less than 61 hours xxx

51 hours and less than 61 hours XXXX 61 hours or over XXXX

All working 31 hours or over XXXX

Sexual Identity Inputs The sexual identity question is now a national harmonised standard. It is important that the question is asked in a consistent way on all social surveys, for comparability across different sources. In view of this, a user guide has been developed to assist researchers. The evidence from the various stages of the project have been consolidated into one document with the aim of providing guidance to both users of sexual identity statistics and those organisations collecting data on sexual identity. ‘Measuring sexual identity: A guide for researchers’ was published in May 2009. Face-to-face The following question should be asked on face-to face surveys. It should be asked exactly as it is shown here with no alterations. Even small alterations, such as slight amendments to the wording or order of the answer categories, may substantially affect the comparability of the data outputs with those from other sources (especially ONS benchmark data) and may affect the acceptability of the question to respondents. The question was extensively tested with many different groups and the wording and order of the answer categories has been specifically designed to maximise response across all groups and should therefore not be altered. The question has been designed to collect data that will be comparable with the data collected on telephone surveys. Changes in mode of data collection may always have an affect on responses and response rates. The design of the question is suitable for all different face-to-face survey scenarios, whether it is only one interview in the household or more. ASK ALL AGED 16 OR OVER INTERVIEWER: Allocate all cards, then ask the question to all [INDICATE TO INTERVIEWERS WHICH SHOWCARD SHOULD BE GIVEN TO EACH RESPONDENT] Which of the options on this card best describes how you think of yourself? Please just read out the number next to the description. (ONLY IF CONCURRENT INTERVIEW) The numbers on each card are different for each person. 27. Heterosexual / Straight 21. Gay / Lesbian 24. Bisexual 29. Other (Spontaneous Don’t know/Refusal) Where can I find out more? Developing survey questions on sexual identity: Rationale and design of sexual identity questioning on the Integrated Household Survey (IHS), available at: www.ons.gov.uk/about-statistics/measuring-equality/sexual-identity-project/quest-test-andimplem/index.html Betts P, Wilmot A and Taylor T (2008), ONS, Developing survey questions on sexual identity: Exploratory focus groups, available at: www.ons.gov.uk/aboutstatistics/ measuring-equality/sexual-identity-project/quest-dev/index.html

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Telephone The following question should be asked on telephone surveys. It should be asked exactly as it is shown here with no alterations. Even small alterations, such as slight amendments to the wording or order of the answer categories, may substantially affect the comparability of the data outputs with those from other sources (especially ONS benchmark data) and may affect the acceptability of the question to respondents. The question has been designed to be comparable with the data collected on face-to-face surveys and feedback from trials has shown that it is acceptable to respondents. Changes in mode of data collection may always have an affect on responses and response rates. ASK ALL AGED 16 OR OVER I will now read out a list of terms people sometimes use to describe how they think of themselves. (INTERVIEWER: read list to end without pausing. Note that ‘Heterosexual or Straight’ is one option; ‘Gay or Lesbian’ is one option.) 1. Heterosexual or Straight, 2. Gay or Lesbian, 3. Bisexual, 4. Other (Spontaneous Don’t know/Refusal) As I read the list again please say ‘yes’ when you hear the option that best describes how you think of yourself. (INTERVIEWER: Pause briefly after each option during second reading.) Where can I find out more? Developing survey questions on sexual identity: Rationale and design of sexual identity questioning on the Integrated Household Survey (IHS), available at: www.ons.gov.uk/about-statistics/measuring-equality/sexual-identity-project/quest-test-andimplem/index.html Self-completion ONS has not tested a question for self-completion surveys. However, many other organisations use these questionnaires as their primary tool for data collection and it is therefore important to have a recommended question which is set out in the box below. It should be asked exactly as it is shown here with no alterations. Even small alterations, such as slight amendments to the wording of the answer categories or their order, may substantially affect the comparability of the data outputs and may affect the acceptability of the question to respondents. The question has not been fully tested for acceptability and comprehension in the same way as the face-to-face and telephone questions. The change in mode, may have affected both. In particular, the inclusion of a ‘Prefer not to say’ option and the likely increase in missing data will affect overall comparability with other benchmark data collected by telephone or through face-to-face interviews. However, after careful consideration ONS recommends the question for self-completion surveys. It is likely that this question will be comparable with other sources. Furthermore, in the absence of further testing and research, it’s general similarity to the recommended face-to-face and telephone questions make it the best option in light of the testing that ONS has done on face-to-face and telephone interviewing. ALL AGED 16 OR OVER Which of the following options best describes how you think of yourself? 1. Heterosexual or Straight, 2. Gay or Lesbian, 3. Bisexual, 4. Other 5. Prefer not to say Please note: 1. Self-completion questionnaires differ from face-to-face and telephone surveys in a number of ways. In face-to-face surveys and, to a lesser extent, in telephone surveys, the interviewer has some control over the environment in which the survey is administered and the difference in the level of interviewer control over the environment will affect both the results and also how the question should be asked. In particular, interviewers can control: a. Who is answering the question and check that it is not being answered by proxy b. That showcards are used (or the correct procedure is used in telephone interviews) and that the respondent will not have to reveal their answer to anyone else in the room

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c. That the respondent is asked the question and does not simply skip it because they did not see it or meant to return to it but forgot 2. A ‘Prefer not to say’ option is included on self-completion paper or web-based questionnaires when it is not explicitly included on face-to-face or telephone questionnaires. In face-to-face and telephone interviews, testing showed that the inclusion of an explicit ‘Prefer not to say’ category increased item non-response. Such a category was therefore not explicitly included but interviewers knew that they could always code ‘Refused’ if the respondent indicated that they did not want to answer the question. On a self-completion questionnaire, the respondent must be given the option to indicate that they do not want to answer the question as there is no interviewer there to code ‘Refused’. However, the inclusion of this additional category is likely to increase non-response and will have an impact on all categories. Information for researchers is found here http://www.ons.gov.uk/about-statistics/measuring-equality/sexual-identity-project/guidance/measuring-sexual-identity--a-guide-for-researchers.pdf Further information on the Sexual Identity Project can be accessed at: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about/data/measuring-equality/sexual-identity/default.asp

Social Capital Inputs RECOMMENDED QUESTION SET Views about the area AREALIVE

– How long have you lived in this area? 1. Less than 12 months 2. 12 months but less than 2 years 3. 2 years but less than 3 years 4. 3 years but less than 5 years 5. 5 years but less than 10 years 6. 10 years but less than 20 years 7. 20 years or longer 8. Don’t know

SATLIVE

– How satisfied are you with this area as a place to live? SHOWCARD

1. Very satisfied 2. Fairly satisfied 3. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4. Slightly dissatisfied 5. Very dissatisfied 6. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

Views about the neighbourhood NINTRO Now I’d like to ask you a few questions about your immediate neighbourhood, by which I mean your street or block. NEIGHTYP In general, what kind of neighbourhood would you say you live in - would you say it is a neighbourhood in which people do things together and try to help each other, or one in which people mostly go their own way?

1. Help each other 2. Go own way 3. (SPONTANEOUS) Mixture 4. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

NBACKG

– To what extent do you agree or disagree that this neighbourhood is a place where people from different backgrounds get on well together?

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1. Definitely agree 2. Tend to agree 3. Tend to disagree 4. Definitely disagree 5. (SPONTANEOUS) DON'T KNOW 6. (SPONTANEOUS) TOO FEW PEOPLE IN NEIGHBOURHOOD 7. (SPONTANEOUS) ALL SAME BACKGROUNDS

NTRUST – Would you say that

RUNNING PROMPT 1. Most of the people in your neighbourhood can be trusted 2. Some can be trusted 3. A few can be trusted 4. Or that no-one can be trusted? 5. (SPONTANEOUS) Just moved here 6. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

SLOST – Suppose you lost your (purse/wallet) containing your address details, and it was found in the

street by someone living in this neighbourhood. How likely is it that it would be returned to you with nothing missing?

RUNNING PROMPT 1. Very likely 2. Quite likely 3. Not very likely 4. Or not at all likely 5. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

PBINTRO I am going to read out a list of problems which some people face in their neighbourhood. For each one, please can you tell me how much of a problem it is. DRUNK

– How much of a problem are people being drunk or rowdy in public places? SHOWCARD B:

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all 5. It happens but it’s not a problem 6. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

RUBBISH SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem is rubbish or litter lying around? VANDALS SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem are vandalism, graffiti and other deliberate damage to property or vehicles?

DRUGUSE SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem are people using or dealing drugs? RACE SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem is people being attacked or harassed because of their skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?

TEENHANG SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem are teenagers hanging around on the street?

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ANTINGH SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem are troublesome neighbours? Participation in local issues INFAREA To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements:

– I can influence decisions affecting my local area? SHOWCARD C:

1. Strongly agree 2. Agree 3. Neither agree nor disagree 4. Disagree 5. Strongly disagree 6. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t have an opinion 7. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

INFNGH

– By working together, people in my area can influence decisions that affect the local area? SHOWCARD C: CODE ALL THAT APPLY

1. Strongly agree 2. Agree 3. Neither agree nor disagree 4. Disagree 5. Strongly disagree 6. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t have an opinion 7. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

SOLVLP

– In the last 12 months have you taken any of the following actions in an attempt to solve a problem affecting people in your local area?

SHOWCARD D: CODE ALL THAT APPLY

1. Contacted a local radio station, television station or newspaper 2. Contacted the appropriate organisation to deal with the problem, such as the council 3. Contacted a local councillor or MP 4. Attended a public meeting or neighbourhood forum to discuss local issues 5. Attended a tenants’ or local residents’ group 6.Attended a protest meeting or joined an action group 7. Helped organise a petition on a local issue 8. No local problems 9. None of the above 10. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

Participation in national issues SOLVNP

– In the last 12 months have you taken any of the following actions to show your concern over a national issue?

SHOWCARD E: CODE ALL THAT APPLY

1. Contacted a radio station, television station or a newspaper 2. Contacted the appropriate organisation to deal with the problem 3. Contacted an MP 4. Attended a public meeting 5. Attended a protest meeting or joined an action group 6. Helped organise a petition 7. None of these 8. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

VOTE

– Can I check, did you vote .... INDIVIDUAL PROMPT CODE ALL THAT APPLY

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1....in the last general election (national election)? 2. (Did you vote) ...in the last local council election? 3. DID NOT VOTE IN EITHER ELECTION 4. NOT ELIGIBLE TO VOTE IN EITHER 5. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

Trust PTRUST

– Another topic we are interested in is trust. Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or that you can’t be too careful in dealing with people?

1. Most people can be trusted 2. Can’t be too careful in dealing with people 3. (SPONTANEOUS) It depends on people/circumstances 4. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

TRINTRO For the following, please can you tell me how much you trust them. POLICE

– Can you tell me how much you trust the police? COURTS

– Can you tell me how much you trust the courts (Magistrates Courts and Crown Court)? PARLMNT

– Can you tell me how much you trust Parliament? WELSH (FOR RESPONDENTS LIVING IN WALES)

– Can you tell me how much you trust the Welsh Assembly? SCOT (FOR RESPONDENTS LIVING IN SCOTLAND)

– Can you tell me how much you trust the Scottish Executive? LOCC

– Can you tell me how much you trust your local council? SHOWCARD F:

1. A lot 2. A fair amount 3. Not very much 4. Not at all 5. (SPONTANEOUS) NO EXPERIENCE 6. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

Social networks The next few questions are about how often you personally contact your relatives, friends and neighbours. Not counting the people you live with, how often do you do any of the following? SPKREL

– Speak to relatives on the phone SHOWCARD G:

1. On most days 2. Once or twice a week 3. Once or twice a month 4. Less often than once a month 5. Never 6. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

WRTREL

– Write a letter or note to relatives SHOWCARD G

TXTREL

– Text or email relatives, or use chatrooms on the internet to talk to relatives SHOWCARD G

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SPKFR – Speak to friends on the phone

SHOWCARD G

WRTFR – Write a letter or note to friends

SHOWCARD G

TXTFR – Text or email friends, or use chatrooms on the internet to talk to friends

SHOWCARD G SPKNG

– Speak to neighbours SHOWCARD G FREQMTR

– How often do you meet up with relatives who are not living with you? SHOWCARD G FREQMTF

– How often do you meet up with friends? SHOWCARD G Social support SITINTRO I am going to describe two situations where people might need help. For each one, could you tell me if there is anyone you could ask for help? (IF MORE THAN ONE PERSON IN HOUSEHOLD ADD: PLEASE INCLUDE PEOPLE LIVING WITH YOU AND PEOPLE OUTSIDE THE HOUSEHOLD)

ILLBED

– You are ill in bed and need help at home. Is there anyone you could ask for help? 1. Yes 2. No

MONEY

– You are in financial difficulty and need to borrow some money to see you through the next few days. Is there anyone you could you ask for help?

1. Yes 2. No

IF ILLBED = YES THEN WHOHELP; IF MONEY = YES THEN WHOHELP2 WHOHELP/WHOHELP2

– Please can you look at this card and tell me who you could ask for help? SHOWCARD H

1. Husband/wife/partner 2. Other household member 3. Relative (outside household) 4. Friend 5. Neighbour 6. Work colleague 7. Voluntary or other organisation 8. Other 9. Would prefer not to ask for help 10. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

PCRISIS

– If you had a serious personal crisis, how many people, if any, do you feel you could turn to for comfort and support?

(INTERVIEWER: IF MORE THAN 15, CODE AS 15) (0-15, DON’T KNOW)

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Involvement in groups, clubs and organisations GRPINTRO The next questions are about involvement in groups, clubs and organisations. These could be formally organised groups or just groups of people who get together to do an activity or talk about things. Please exclude just paying a subscription, giving money and anything that was a requirement of your job. INTRO2 I am going to ask about three different types of groups:

– First, in the last 12 months, have you been involved with any groups of people who get together to do an activity or to talk about things? These could include evening classes, support groups, slimming clubs, keep-fit classes, pub teams and so on.

(IF INTRO2 = YES) THEN: GRPINF

– Please can you look at this card. Which of the categories on this card best describe the groups you have taken part in?

SHOWCARD I 1. Hobbies/social clubs 2. Sports/exercise groups, including taking part, coaching or going to watch 3. Local community or neighbourhood groups 4. Groups for children or young people 5. Adult education groups 6. Groups for older people 7. Environmental groups 8. Health, disability and welfare groups 9.Political groups 10. Trade union groups 11. Religious groups, including going to a place of worship or belonging to a religious based group 12. Other group 13. Other group 14. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

INTRO3 Second, in the last 12 months, have you taken part in any (other) group activities as part of a local or community group, club or organisation? These could include residents’ associations, sports groups, parent-teacher associations, school or religious groups and so on. (IF INTRO3 = YES) THEN: GRPLOC

– Please can you look at this card. Which of the categories on this card best describe the groups you have taken part in?

SHOWCARD I INTRO4 And third, in the last 12 months, have you taken part in any (other) group activities as part of a national group, club or organisation? These could include pressure groups, charities, political groups, environmental groups and so on. (IF INTRO4 = YES) THEN: GRPNAT

– Please can you look at this card. Which of the categories on this card best describe the groups you have taken part in?

SHOWCARD I Unpaid help to groups and individuals DOVOLWK

– During the last 12 months have you given any unpaid help to any groups, clubs or organisations in any of the ways shown on this card?

SHOWCARD J 1. Raising or handling money/taking part in sponsored events 2. Leading the group/ member of a committee 3. Organising or helping to run an activity or event 4. Visiting people 5. Befriending or mentoring people 6. Giving advice/ information/ counselling 7. Secretarial, admin or clerical work

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8. Providing transport/driving 9. Representing 10. Campaigning 11. Other practical help (e.g. helping out at school, religious group, shopping) 12. Any other help 13. None of the above 14. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

VOLFREQ

– Thinking about the unpaid help you have mentioned, would you say you give this kind of help…

RUNNING PROMPT CODE FIRST THAT APPLIES

1. at least once a week 2. at least once a month 3. at least once every three months 4. or less often? 5. Other

(IF LESS OFTEN OR OTHER AT VOLFREQ) THEN: VOLOTHER ASK OR RECORD

– About how many times in the last 12 months have you given unpaid help through a group, club or organisation?

CARE

– Some people have extra responsibilities because they look after someone who has long-term physical or mental ill health or disability, or problems due to old age. May I check, is there anyone living with you who is sick, disabled or elderly whom you look after or give special help to, other than in a professional capacity. (For example, a sick or disabled (or elderly) relative/husband/wife/child/friend/parent, etc.)

1. Yes 2. No

HLPGIV – Now I’d like to talk about any unpaid help you may have given people who do not live with

you. In the past month have you given any unpaid help in any of the ways shown on the card. Please do not count any help you gave through a group, club or organisation.

SHOWCARD K 1. Domestic work, home maintenance or gardening 2. Provision of transport or running errands 3. Help with child care or babysitting 4. Teaching, coaching or giving practical advice 5. Giving emotional support 6. Other 7. None of the above 8. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

HLPINT

– Now I’d like to talk about any unpaid help you may have received. In the past month have you received any unpaid help in any of the ways shown on the card. Please do not count help from people who live with you or from an organisation or group.

SHOWCARD K CODE ALL THAT APPLY

1. Domestic work, home maintenance or gardening 2. Provision of transport or running errands 3. Help with child care or babysitting 4. Teaching, coaching or giving practical advice 5. Giving emotional support 6. Other 7. None of the above 8. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

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CORE QUESTION SET Problems in the neighbourhood (Views about the area) NINTRO Now I’d like to ask you a few questions about your immediate neighbourhood, by which I mean your street or block. SLOST

– Suppose you lost your (purse/wallet) containing your address details, and it was found in the street by someone living in this neighbourhood. How likely is it that it would be returned to you with nothing missing?

RUNNING PROMPT 1. Very likely 2. Quite likely 3. Not very likely 4. Or not at all likely 5. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

PBINTRO I am going to read out a list of problems which some people face in their neighbourhood. For each one, please can you tell me how much of a problem it is. DRUNK

– How much of a problem are people being drunk or rowdy in public places? SHOWCARD B:

1. Very big problem 2. Fairly big problem 3. Not a very big problem 4. Not a problem at all 5. It happens but it’s not a problem 6. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

RUBBISH SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem is rubbish or litter lying around? VANDALS SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem are vandalism, graffiti and other deliberate damage to property or vehicles?

DRUGUSE SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem are people using or dealing drugs? RACE SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem is people being attacked or harassed because of their skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?

TEENHANG SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem are teenagers hanging around on the street? ANTINGH SHOWCARD B:

– How much of a problem are troublesome neighbours? Participation in local issues (Civic participation) SOLVLP

– In the last 12 months have you taken any of the following actions in an attempt to solve a problem affecting people in your local area?

SHOWCARD D:

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CODE ALL THAT APPLY 1. Contacted a local radio station, television station or newspaper 2. Contacted the appropriate organisation to deal with the problem, such as the council 3. Contacted a local councillor or MP 4. Attended a public meeting or neighbourhood forum to discuss local issues 5. Attended a tenants’ or local residents’ group 6. Attended a protest meeting or joined an action group 7. Helped organise a petition on a local issue 8. No local problems 9. None of the above 10. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

Contacts with friends, relatives and neighbours (Social networks and support) The next questions are about how often you personally contact relatives, friends and neighbours.

– How often do you do any of the following? SPKREL

– Speak to relatives on the phone SHOWCARD G: ON MOST DAYS

1. Once or twice a week 2. Once or twice a month 3. Less often than once a month 4. Never 5. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

SPKFR

– Speak to friends on the phone SHOWCARD G

SPKNG

– Speak to neighbours SHOWCARD G FREQMTR

– How often do you meet up with relatives who are not living with you? SHOWCARD G FREQMTF

– How often do you meet up with friends? SHOWCARD G

Unpaid help to groups (Social participation) DOVOLWK

– During the last 12 months have you given any unpaid help to any groups, clubs or organisations in any of the ways shown on this card?

SHOWCARD J 1. Raising or handling money/taking part in sponsored events 2. Leading the group/ member of a committee 3. Organising or helping to run an activity or event 4. Visiting people 5. Befriending or mentoring people 6. Giving advice/ information/ counselling 7. Secretarial, admin or clerical work 8. Providing transport/driving 9. Representing 10. Campaigning 11. Other practical help (e.g. helping out at school, religious group, shopping) 12. Any other help 13. None of the above 14. (SPONTANEOUS) Don’t know

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Reciprocity and trust SLOST This question also measures trust but is positioned earlier in the set because it relates to the neighbourhood.

Statistical Measures of Disability Inputs Statistical Measures of Disability Based on Long-lasting Health Conditions and Illnesses and Activity Restriction The classification designed to measure the core population of currently disabled people for the Equality Act is shown below in Box 1.

BOX 1 Classification of disability in terms of the Equality Act 2010 Question: Do you have any physical or mental health conditions or illnesses lasting or expected to

last 12 months or more? Coded 1 (‘Yes’)

AND Question: Does your condition or illness\do any of your conditions or illnesses reduce your ability to

carry-out day-to-day activities? Coded 1 (Yes, A Lot’) OR

Coded 2 (Yes, A Little’)

This population is classified on the basis of having a long-lasting physical or mental health condition or illness which restricts day-to-day activities. The information collected on impairment can be used alongside this classification to provide breakdowns by impairment type. The harmonised questions and the classifications derivable from them exclude the non-core population of disabled people, covered in the Equality Act 2010. This group encompasses:

a) those with a progressive condition specified in the Act (namely HIV/AIDS, Cancer or Multiple Sclerosis) whether or not the condition has a substantial adverse effect carrying-out day-to-day activities

b) those who would be restricted without medication or treatment c) those that have been restricted in the past but are no longer restricted

These groups were excluded from the harmonised principles for the following reasons:

a) the problems associated with capturing valid data on the three specified progressive conditions found in cognitive testing and in the LOS field testing

b) the prohibitively high additional costs and added interview burden associated with implementing an additional three elements across general social survey sources

c) the questions capturing these non-core elements of the Equality Act will be maintained in the FRS and the LOS allowing continuity in population prevalence estimates to be maintained using these sources

The classification designed for EU-SILC measures of long-lasting health conditions or illnesses and disability measurement by extent of activity restriction is shown in Box 2. These measures are for cross-country comparisons and for estimates designed to benchmark with a European average. Box 2 EU-SILC classifications EU-SILC long-standing health condition or illness Question: Do you have any physical or mental health conditions or illnesses lasting or expected to

last 12 months or more? Coded 1 (‘Yes’)

EU-SILC classification of disability by extent Estimate of severely hampered in daily activities

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Question: Do you have any physical or mental health conditions or illnesses lasting or expected to last 12 months or more? Coded 1 (‘Yes’)

AND Question: Does your condition or illness\do any of your conditions or illnesses reduce your ability to

carry-out day-to-day activities? Coded 1 (‘Yes, A Lot’) AND Question: For how long has your ability to carry-out day-to-day activities been reduced? Coded 2 (‘between 6 months and 12 months’) OR Coded 3 (‘12 months or more’) Estimate of hampered in daily activities to some extent Question: Do you have any physical or mental health conditions or illnesses lasting or expected to

last 12 months or more? Coded 1 (‘Yes’)

AND Question: Does your condition or illness\do any of your conditions or illnesses reduce your ability to

carry-out day-to-day activities? Coded 2 (‘Yes, A Little’) AND Question: For how long has your ability to carry-out day-to-day activities been reduced? Coded 2 (‘between 6 months and 12 months’) OR Coded 3 (‘12 months or more’)

A pictorial representation of these classifications is shown in the flow diagram on p143.

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Survey Reference Period Outputs Most regular or continuous Government social surveys use financial year as the reference period though there are exceptions. There appears to be a significant need for annual figures on a common time basis. While there may be specific needs for some surveys to have a different reference period from financial year, including disruption to key time series, it is proposed that surveys should consider moving to a financial year basis. Where this is not appropriate, they should at least where possible publish reference tables for financial years, on harmonised definitions, electronically or in other forms as appropriate. The presentation of the financial year reference period should take the form “2001-02”. Where periods other than financial year are referred to, this should be made clear. As there is significant user interest for data on both calendar and financial year basis, the possibility of making summary data available on both bases should be considered for continuous surveys though there will also be cost and methodological considerations.

T Tenure Inputs ALL HOUSEHOLDS BASIC TENURE QUESTION

Do you (or your household) own or rent this accommodation? SHOW CARD

1. Own it outright 2. Buying it with the help of a mortgage/loan 3. Part own and part rent (shared ownership) 4. Rent it (includes all those who are on Housing Benefit or Local Housing Allowance) 5. Live here rent-free (including rent-free in relative's/friend's property but excluding squatters) 6. Squatting

Interviewer instructions: This question is asking for the formal legal tenure of the HRP's household. If, for example, the HRP is a widow living in a house bought by her son (in his name) who is living elsewhere, she should be coded as living rent-free even though she may regard herself as an owner-occupier. Similarly, a household which is paying a contribution to upkeep but not a formal rent should be coded as rent-free. This could arise, for example, if a parent lived in a granny-flat as a separate household but paid a contribution to general expenses. Owners Only code people as mortgagors if they have a mortgage for buying their home. Some people who have paid off their mortgage and are effectively outright owners make an arrangement with the lender to continue to pay a small amount of 'mortgage' as payment for the lender for keeping the deeds. They should be coded as outright owners. People who own their home with a lease are counted as owners. It does not matter that they pay ground rent. Similarly people who own their own home under the new Commonhold tenure (see below) are also counted as owners. Shared owners Shared ownership means partly owning (or buying with a mortgage) and partly renting the property, so that, if the person moves, he/she will get some of the proceeds from the sale of the property, according to how much of the original cost has been paid off. Include people who have paid off the mortgage portion. People with shared ownership arrangements are treated as

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owner-occupiers in the interview. They are not local authority/housing association tenants even if their arrangement is with a local authority/housing association. Owners who pay a service charge but not rent should be counted as owners, not shared owners. Rent free People who live rent free do not always regard themselves as doing so, so particular care is needed in dealing with such cases. The following types of case have caused problems. The correct coding is in brackets: - Someone living in a 'granny-flat' owned by her son in his name (private renter living rent-free). - Someone living in the property of a deceased partner which is held in trust (private renter living rent-free). - A divorced/separated woman living in the house owned solely by her ex-partner who no longer lives there (rent-free if owned only in partner's name; owner if the house is owned in the name of both partners) Sometimes respondents think they live rent-free when they do not e.g. people on full housing benefit who do not pay any rent to the landlord themselves because housing benefit is paid directly by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) formerly the Department of Social Security. Tied accommodation People in tied accommodation should be coded here as renters (code 4) or rent-free (code 5), depending on whether or not they pay any rent. This group includes people whose accommodation goes with their job e.g. Church of England employees, caretakers, army personnel, council tenants whose accommodation goes with their job, some farmers. People in tied accommodation are classified as private renters, irrespective of who they are renting from. Unusual schemes/arrangements Co-ownership: this is the joint ownership of residential properties (e.g. blocks of flats) by a group of people who have formed a registered co-ownership society. These schemes started in the 1970s but new legislation was passed in the 1980s so that there should not be any more. Housing co-operatives: code as renting from a housing association (code 4 here, and code 2 at “Who is your landlord?” below) Commonhold: a new form of land ownership in England and Wales, created by Part 1 of the Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002. It combines freehold ownership of a unit in a larger development with membership of a commonhold association that owns and is responsible for the management and upkeep of the common parts of the development. Commonhold is an alternative to long leasehold ownership of flats and other interdependent properties. Housing Action Trusts: these are set up by local authorities and the properties rented are still owned by local authorities; their tenants are renting from a local authority. Rents to Mortgages scheme: these are schemes available to council tenants whereby a tenant has the right to buy a share of their home for roughly the same price as the rent. These should be coded as shared owners here and “local authority” at type of landlord (below). Private Sector Leasing: the Council leases private property for several years and lets it out to tenants. The landlord is the immediate landlord, which is the local authority. Home Income Plans and Retirement Home Plans: these are where outright owners raise a loan on the security of the house for a regular income. They should be coded as outright owners. Schemes for Mortgage defaulters: in these cases the property reverts to the lender and a rent is paid instead of a mortgage. Code as renters.

IF RESPONSE = 1, 2 OR 3 (OWNER-OCCUPIERS) AT BASIC TENURE QUESTION OWNERSHIP CHECK QUESTION

May I check, who personally owns (or is buying) this house/flat? In the case of shared owners, this relates to the person in this household who owns or is buying the part-share.

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1. HRP (name) only 2. Partner/spouse of HRP (name) only 3. HRP (name) and partner/spouse 4. HRP (name) and someone else (living here or elsewhere) 5. Someone else who lives here

Someone outside the household Interviewer instructions: This is a check on the responses to the basic tenure question. One particular group targeted are those who think they live in accommodation as an owner occupier, but where the owner is then revealed (in answer to this question) as a relative who lives somewhere else. In such cases the occupants should have been coded as living rent-free and not as owner occupiers. (See note under Basic Tenure Question, above) Note: Users for whom housing tenure is not a major feature of their survey may of course choose to omit this question.

– IF RENT OR RENT-FREE AT BASIC TENURE QUESTION JOB BASED ACCOMMODATION

– Does the accommodation go with the job of anyone in the household? 1. Yes 2. No Interviewer instructions: If the accommodation goes with the job of somebody who is temporarily not a member of the household, code Yes. If the accommodation used to go with the job of someone in the household, but this is no longer the case, code No.

IF RENT OR RENT-FREE AT BASIC TENURE QUESTION – Who is your landlord:

CODE FIRST THAT APPLIES Organisations

1. the local authority / council / ALMO / Housing Executive (N Ireland) Note to interviewer: Tenants in Scotland may continue to refer to Scottish Homes as their landlord – they should also be coded in this group.

2. a housing association, RSL, charitable trust or Local Housing Company 3. employer (organisation) of a household member 4. another organisation

Individuals

5. relative/acquaintance of any current household member from before this tenancy started 6. employer (individual) of a household member 7. another individual private landlord?

Interviewer instructions: If property is let through an agent, the questions refer to the owner not the agent. If the respondent does not know who the landlord is, use code 7 (other private individual) rather than coding “Don't know”. Code 1 (local authority) includes people renting from Housing Action Trusts. An ALMO (Arms Length Management Organisation) is a company set up by an LA to manage and improve all or part of its housing stock. Scottish Homes no longer exists and ‘local authority/council’ is now sufficient to cover all publicly-owned housing in Scotland. In Northern Ireland, the Housing Executive is responsible for publicly-owned housing. Code 2: Nearly all housing associations are now Registered Social Landlords (RSLs) but continue to be known as housing associations. They can be Industrial and Provident Societies, registered charities, or companies.

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Edit: – YOU SAID THAT THE ACCOMMODATION IS RENT-FREE AND THAT THE LANDLORD IS THE COUNCIL. COUNCIL ACCOMMODATION IS NOT NORMALLY RENT FREE. soft check

IF RENT OR RENT-FREE AT BASIC TENURE QUESTION ACCOMMODATION PROVIDED

– Is the accommodation provided? 1. furnished 2. partly furnished 3. or unfurnished?

Interviewer instructions: The category "partly furnished" no longer has any legal significance: any letting which is not explicitly "furnished" will be classified legally as "unfurnished". We retain "partly furnished" here to ensure that respondents do not mistakenly include lettings with, say, curtains but nothing else provided as "furnished". However, do not use "partly furnished" simply because the respondent thinks that the furniture is inadequate. Clearly there are infinite variations between the two extremes of what might be included. If in doubt it may be simplest to record whether the tenant agreed to a furnished, partly furnished or unfurnished tenancy regardless of what combination of fixtures, furnishings and fittings were actually provided by the landlord.

Tenure Outputs Output Categories: Tenure

Owners Owned outright xxx Buying with a mortgage/loan * xxxAll Owners XXXX Social Rented Sector Tenants Rented from council ** xxx Rented from a housing association*** xxxAll Social Rented Tenants XXXX All Rented Privately # Rented privately unfurnished## xxx Rented privately furnished xxxAll Rented Privately XXXX All Tenures XXXXX

*Note: Including shared owners (who own part of the equity and pay part mortgage, part

rent) **Note: “Council” includes local authorities, ALMOs and Scottish Homes and the Northern

Ireland Housing Executive, but see note #. ***Note: The category includes all housing associations, both registered (also known as

Registered Social Landlords - RSLs) and unregistered. Also included in this category are Local Housing Companies.

#Note: All tenants whose accommodation goes with the job of someone in the household are allocated to “rented privately”, even if the landlord is a local authority or housing association or Housing Action Trust, or if the accommodation is rent free. Squatters are also included in this category.

##Note: "Unfurnished" includes the answer: "partly furnished". For surveys other than financial surveys, the output categories above will suffice. For financial surveys, an additional category will be needed within “rented privately":

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All Rented Privately # Rent Free xxxOther unfurnished ## xxxOther furnished xxx

All Rented Privately XXXX

U

V

W

X

Y

Z