a wolf in sheep’s clothing - max planck society · a wolf in sheep’s clothing: david gil david...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing:
David Gil
David Gil
Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classesin Jakarta Indonesian
![Page 2: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
the wolf
Part 1
the sheep’s clothingPart 2
are there more wolves?
Part 3
how wolves become sheepPart 4
![Page 3: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
the wolf
Part 1
the sheep’s clothingPart 2
are there more wolves?
Part 3
how wolves become sheepPart 4
![Page 4: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Valency Classes in Jakarta Indonesian
satpamsecurity.guard
gedebig
tidursleep
belibuy
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
THING
PROPERTY
ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY
(monovalent semantic frame)
(multivalent semantic frame)
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satpamsecurity.guard
gedebig
tidursleep
belibuy
'He's a security guard'
'He's big'
'He's sleeping'
'He's buying it'
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
samegrammaticalbehaviour
standing alone ascomplete non-elliptical
sentence
Valency Classes in Jakarta Indonesian
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satpamsecurity.guard
gedebig
tidursleep
belibuy
SECURITY GUARD | A ( HOUSE )
BIG | A ( HOUSE )
SLEEP | A ( HOUSE )
BUY | A ( HOUSE )
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
rumahhouse
rumahhouse
rumahhouse
rumahhouse
with anadditionalexpression
Valency Classes in Jakarta Indonesian
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satpamsecurity.guard
gedebig
tidursleep
belibuy
'He's the security guard of a house'
'He's as big as a house'
'He's sleeping at a house'
'He's buying a house'
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
rumahhouse
rumahhouse
rumahhouse
rumahhouse
Valency Classes in Jakarta Indonesian
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Jakarta Indonesian has no …
• thematic role assignment
• core/periphery distinction
• subject/object asymmetries
• valency classes
All of the above is true, but …
it's only most of the truth, not all of it
Valency Classes in Jakarta Indonesian
![Page 9: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
the wolf
Part 1
the sheep’s clothingPart 2
are there more wolves?
Part 3
how wolves become sheepPart 4
![Page 10: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• linear order
• flagging
• generalized voice
optionalpreferences
make Jakarta Indonesian look like afairly typical SVO language
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 11: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• linear order
• flagging
• generalized voice
optionalpreferences
make Jakarta Indonesian look like afairly typical SVO language
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 12: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Linear Order Preference rules:
• head-modifier
• iconicity
• information flow
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 13: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Linear Order Preferences
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
VAP VPA AVP PVA APV PAV
beli 1% 7% 88% 0% 0% 4%
buy
makan 0% 2% 94% 1% >0% 3%
eat
![Page 14: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• linear order
• flagging
• generalized voice
optionalpreferences
make Jakarta Indonesian look like afairly typical SVO language
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 15: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
sama ~ ama 'NON-ABSOLUTIVE'
(sama)together
(9) AliAli
belibuy
rumahhouse
'Ali bought a house'
(sama)together
(10) AliAli
kasigive
bukubook
'Ali gave a book to Amat'
(sama)together
AmatAmat
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 16: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ke 'to'
AliAli
(11) balikreturn
(ke)to
rumahhouse
'Ali returned to the house'
dari 'from'
AliAli
(12) balikreturn
(dari)from
rumahhouse
'Ali returned from the house'
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 17: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
di 'in'
AliAli
(13) belibuy
(di)in
rumahhouse
'Ali bought it in the house'
AliAli
(15) belibuy
(dari)from
rumahhouse
'Ali bought it from the house'
AliAli
(14) belibuy
(ke)to
rumahhouse
'Ali bought it by going to the house'
no governmentof arguments
by a verb
"semantic case"not
"structural case"
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 18: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
Pat Ag Ben Source Loc
bare 100% 100% 22% 0% 44%
flagged * 0% 78% 100% 56%
Flagging Preferences for beli buy
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• linear order
• flagging
• generalized voice
optionalpreferences
make Jakarta Indonesian look like afairly typical SVO language
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 20: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
N-
di=
GENERALIZED ACTIVE
GENERALIZED PASSIVE
-in GENERALIZED APPLICATIVE
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
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di= GENERALIZED PASSIVE di 'in'=?
belibuy dibeli di beli#
rumahhouse dirumah di rumah#
gedebig digede di gede##
tidursleep ditidur di tidur##
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 22: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
(Ali)Ali
(17) diliatGEN.PASS-look
(Amat)Amat
(Ali)Ali
(16) liatlook
(Amat)Amat
'Ali is looking at Amat'
'Amat is looking at Ali'
'Ali is looking at Amat'
'Amat is looking at Ali'
[PREFERRED]
[STRONGLY PREFERRED]
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
di= GENERALIZED PASSIVE di 'in'=?
![Page 23: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
N- GENERALIZED ACTIVE
liatlook ngeliatkopicoffee ngopi
pergigo mergitidursleep nidur
**
tehtea nehRARE
susulfollow nyusulRARE
tontonwatch nontontangiscry nangis
**
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 24: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
(Ali)Ali
(19) ngeliatGEN.ACT-look
(rumah)house
'Ali is looking at the house'
(Ali)Ali
(18) liatlook
(rumah)house
'Ali is looking at the house'
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
N- GENERALIZED ACTIVE
![Page 25: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
N- GENERALIZED ACTIVE
(Ali)Ali
(21) ngopiGEN.ACT-coffee
'Ali is drinking coffee'
(Ali)Ali
(20) kopicoffee
'Ali is drinking coffee'
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
![Page 26: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
A before V P before V
N-V 98.2% 1.8%
di=V 1.5% 98.6%
Generalized Voice Marking and Order Preferences
![Page 27: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
Incremental Frequency
Valency Valency Preference
ClassesClasses
Wolf Sheep’s Clothing
Perspective Perspective
Two Perspectives
the text chapter the database
![Page 28: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
VN-V di=V
A N-V P
P N-V A
A V P
P V A
A di=V P
P di=V A
(s)ama A N-V P
P N-V (s)ama A
(s)ama A V P
P V (s)ama A
(s)ama A di=V P
P di=V (s)ama A
Incremental Perspective
![Page 29: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Valency Classes in Jakarta IndonesianPreferenceΥ
Frequency Perspective
VN-V di=V
P V A
(s)ama A N-V P (s)ama A V P
P V (s)ama A
A N-V P A V P P di=V A
P di=V (s)ama A
P N-V A
P N-V (s)ama A (s)ama A di=V P
A di=V P
“passive”
![Page 30: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
the wolf
Part 1
the sheep’s clothingPart 2
are there more wolves?
Part 3
how wolves become sheepPart 4
![Page 31: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
DOG DRAWCLOWN DRINK BOOKCan sentences
like this
The clown is drinking the book The dog is drawing
Badut minum buku Anjing gambar
GƢhúín nƢomKitenga tchì Ƣxanù
Chó vẽAnh hề uống sách
狗仔畫畫小丑飲書
イヌ描いとるピエロほんのんどる
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � �
The Association Experiment
![Page 32: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
DOG DRAW
CLOWN DRINK BOOK
be understood
like this?
Per➙Core Pat➙Ag
Can sentences
like this
The Association Experiment
![Page 33: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Testing for Per➙Core
test picture alternative picture
The clown is drinking the book
4 possible responses
![Page 34: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Badut minum buku
test picture alternative picture
?
Testing for Per➙Core
![Page 35: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
The dog is drawing
text picture alternative picture
?
Testing for Pat ➙Ag
![Page 36: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Anjing gambar
text picture alternative picture
?
Testing for Pat ➙Ag
![Page 37: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Per➙Core
Pat➙Ag0%
asso
ciat
iona
l
artic
ulat
ed
DOG DRAW
The Association Experiment
100% 0%
CLOWN DRINK BOOK
![Page 38: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Sinitic
MSEA
Malayic
AN Indonesia
AN other
Asian other
Mursi Ju|’hoan
Papuan
Per➙Core
Pat➙Ag
★
![Page 39: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Sinitic
MSEA
Malayic
AN Indonesia
AN other
Asian other
Mursi Ju|’hoan
Papuan
Per➙Core
Pat➙Ag
★
![Page 40: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
obligatory TAM
optional TAM
Per➙Core
Pat➙Ag
SVO
★
![Page 41: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Local Language
Historically Part of
Larger Polity
Per➙Core
Pat➙Ag
Local Language
Only Recently Part of
Larger Polity
National Language
![Page 42: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
the wolf
Part 1
the sheep’s clothingPart 2
are there more wolves?
Part 3
how wolves become sheepPart 4
![Page 43: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Valency Preference Classes Become Valency Classes
in Typologythrough grammaticalization
•
![Page 44: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Valency Preference Classes Become Valency Classes
in Ontogenythrough first-language acquisition
•
in Typologythrough grammaticalization
•
![Page 45: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Valency Preference Classes Become Valency Classes
in Ontogenythrough first-language acquisition
•
in Phylogenythrough evolution
•
in Typologythrough grammaticalization
•
![Page 46: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
the wolf
Part 1
the sheep’s clothingPart 2
are there more wolves?
Part 3
how wolves become sheepPart 4
![Page 47: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
An Incremental Approachto Grammatical Description
not decremental
complex
simple
Indonesian
English
![Page 48: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing - Max Planck Society · A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: David Gil David Gil Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classes in Jakarta Indonesian](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022041710/5e4766f9e9ffb07f6344e526/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing:
David Gil
David Gil
Valency Classes and Valency Preference Classesin Jakarta Indonesian