a visit to the protected areas of the akhas in laos by alann de vuyst

7/23/2019 A VISIT TO THE PROTECTED AREAS OF THE AKHAS IN LAOS by ALANN DE VUYST

1/20

H Qj~jv vc v`d \rcvdnvdf Hrdh~ ca v`d Hm`h~ je V`hjohef

Bz Hohee Fd Qtz~v

Fdacrd~vhvjce acr rtbbdr |ohevhvjce je @ctheh hrdhV`j~ j~ v`d ~dxtdo vc v`d ~vcrz J bdihe yjv` gz brjda ~vhz je Othei Ehg V`h/ hef J rdvtredfv`d ~hgd havdrecce vc Gthei ^jei% V`j~ ~ghoo qjoohid yh~ icjei vc bd gz bh~d acr gddvjeigcrd vrjbho |dc|od/ djv`dr v`d @gcei cr v`d Hm`h% Btv ajr~v J `hf vc yjved~~ v`d rcnmdvad~vjqho/ y`jn` J `hf rdgdgbdrdf h~ ocmdv/ ecv mecyjei v`hv v`d ocnho~ gdhev vc vdoo gd jeDeioj~` y`hv v`d ehgd yh~% Bdjei tehbod vc ~|dhm v`d odvvdr r/ J ~`ctof `hqd mecye y`hvv`dz ydrd ~hzjei% Hezyhz/ jv defdf t| bdjei h qdrz jevdrd~vjei ad~vjqho/ ~`ccvjei ijhev hrrcy~jevc v`d ~mz/ vc teodh~` rhje arcg v`d rhje icf~% Hv gjffhz J ydev acr h yhom v`rcti` h ajdof/

y`jn` ecy ohz bhrd/ kt~v je arcev ca v`d bhoncez je gz edy itd~v`ct~d%

Jv t~df vc bd h rjnd ajdof/ hef yh~ ecy hyh~` yjv` ~vtb~ odav cqdr arcg v`d oh~v `hrqd~v% Jvyh~ vcc `cv acr gd vc `hei hrctef acr `ctr~/ btv J `hf he trid vc ~dd v`d bt~vojei ca v`d|dc|od y`c ydrd ~dvvjei t| v`djr ghmd ~`jav ~vhoo~/ ~doojei hezv`jei arcg ktjnd~ vc bhoocce~ hef~ehnm~% Cv`dr~ ydev acr rdho ~|jnz gdho~ ojmd ~cg vhg/ nrhb yjv` nhbbhid frden`df je n`joj~htnd hef dhvde yjv` ~vjnmz rjnd% Gc~v ca v`d~d qdefcr~ ydrd djv`dr M`hgt/ \`t Ecj/ @gceicr hecv`dr dv`ejn gjecrjvz%


2/20

Btff`j~v ecqjnd~/ nohf je ~vrcei crheid ncocrdf hvvjrd/ ocjvdrdf hrctef/ hef kdhoct~oz cb~drqdf`cy v`d ocnho mjf~ ktg|df ehmdf jevc h brccm/ ajoodf yjv` gtf ncocrdf yhvdr%Vcyhrf~ v`d def ca v`d ajdof/ je v`d odav ncredr/ ~vccf h `tid nce~vrtnvjce ca h bhgbcc vcydr/v`d ohten` |hf acr v`d rcnmdv~% @drd ydrd ~ghoo rcnmdv~/ y`jn` zct nctof ~`ccv arcg zctr

`hef~/ btv v`c~d v`hv ydrd icjei vc vhmd caa arcg v`d vcydr/ ydrd ijhev ced~ yjv` ocv~ ca|cydr je v`dg% V`dz ydrd brcti`v je bz bcz~ hef gde frd~~df je vrhfjvjceho btv ~vteejeincocr~ vc v`d c|de ajdof% ^cgd ydrd rdhooz ihtfz hef ~|crvdf v`d ncocr~ ca v`d rhjebcy%

Hv oh~v J ~hy h rcnmdv/ y`jn` `hf h mjef ca rhje fdjvz/ h |`hoojn fcoo ~vrh||df cevc v`d rcnmdv%V`de h |dr~ce/ y`c J v`jem yh~ h ~`hghe/ hrrjqdf ce v`d ~nded% J bdojdqd `d fdojqdrdf h ~|ddn`vc v`d rhje icf~% Hoo ceoccmdr~/ ~`dovdrdf tefdr h v`hvn`df rcca/ ycrd ncybcz `hv~/ y`jn` ihqdgd v`d addojei J yh~ ce h rcfdc ~`cy cr ~cgd cv`dr Yjof Yd~v ~`cy% N`jofrde/ zctei ced~/frd~~df je vrhfjvjceho ~jom nc~vtgd~ y`jrodf hbctv hef ydrd dpvrdgdoz ~`z acr acrdjiedr~%Havdr h eh|/ J jeqcoqdf gz~doa jevc v`d y`cod ~nded yjv` gcrd h||dvjvd/ hef fj~ncqdrdf `cy

v`d ocnho idev~ dekczdf v`d n`dh| y`j~mdz/ hef v`d octf ecj~d ca dqdrz rcnmdv icjei acr v`drhje% V`d bjiid~v ced~ ydrd vc bd ajrdf havdr 6 |g% Bz v`de J `hf bdde jeqjvdf vc ~jv fcye

yjv` Hm`h~ hef @gcei~ je h arjdefoz yhz% Gdhejei/ v`hv ~cgd ca v`dg hnvthooz jeqjvdf gd/ ~cv`dz nctof `hqd gcrd Ohc y`j~mdz vc frjem/ acr y`jn` J yctof |hz acr ca nctr~d% Y`de Jrdhoj{df v`j~/ J ghfd decti` dpnt~d~ ~c v`hv J nctof fc gz cye v`jei/ ojmd vhmjei |jnvtrd~ cr~vrjmjei t| h nceqdr~hvjce%V`d ghzcr hef cv`dr bji yji~ ydrd nhrrjdf ce dod|`hev n`hjr~ bz h irct| ca zctei gde%Dqdrzced |hrvjdf tevjo qdrz ohvd% Acr gd v`d ecj~d hef frtemde |dc|od yh~ vcc gtn` vc bhrd/ ~cJ ecv ~jv fcye yjv` zctei~vdr~/ y`c yctof `hqd caadrdf gd accf hef frjem~ je rdvtre acr v`dt~tho xtd~vjce~ ca/ @cy hrd zct3 Y`drd hrd zct arcg3/ Y`hv~ zctr ehgd3 V`j~ yctof `hqd

bdde acoocydf bz ~joojed~~% Vjgd `hf bdncgd vcc |rdnjct~ vc gd/ hef J |rdadrrdf gz cyencg|hez je v`d gjffod ca v`d ajdof/ y`drd J nctof ~dd v`d `tdf gctevhje~ ce v`d `crj{ce/ yjv`v`d ~vhr~ h~ gz ndjojei%Edpv gcrejei J actef gz~doa hedy hv v`d ghrmdv hef bt~ ~vhvjce/ `c|jei vc ajef h ojvvod vyc'~dhvdr |jnm't| hef frjqd bhnm vc v`d Hm`h qjoohid J `hf qj~jvdf v`rdd fhz~ bdacrd% Btv hoh~/ ec|jnm t| yh~ rdhfz vc ic v`drd/ cr ~jg|oz v`drd ydrd ec |h~~deidr~% Hecv`dr ced yh~ ajoodf t|yjv` n`ddrz ncoodid ~vtfdev~% Fjf v`dz ic vc v`d \hz~hei qjoohid3 Ec/ v`dz ~hjf/ btv v`dzydrd Hm`h vcc/ hef yctof J ojmd vc ncgd hocei vc v`djr qjoohid3 J ktg|df je hef jevrcftndfgz~doa |rc|droz% ^cgd ca v`dg ydrd ~vtfdev~= ced yh~ h Ohc y`c vhti`v Deioj~` hv v`d Hm`hqjoohid%

@ctheh qjoohid

V`hv~ `cy J defdf t| je he Hm`h \toj qjoohid% Zd~/ v`dz `hqd fjaadrdev nohe~; V`d \toj/ v`dMcade hef v`d N`d~ct% Ca nctr~d J fjfev mecy v`d~d ehgd~ arcg v`d bdijeejei% Jv yh~ ceoz bzv`d vjgd J odav v`hv qjoohid J nhgd vc ~dd v`d fjaadrdend~ bdvydde v`dg%Jv yh~ hbctv he `ctr~/ frjqd hef y`de yd odav v`d |hqdf rchf yd frcqd t| ce h fjrv vrhnm/odhfjei |h~v v`d hrgz bhrrhnm~/ hef h icofde Btff`j~v ~vt|h% V`drd ydrd ocv~ ca yhvdrgdoce


3/20

|ohevhvjce~ hef ~ncrn`df cr btredf ohef vc bd ~dde% H btg|z vrhnm odf t~ vc `hov je v`d qjoohidjv~doa%V`d ~vtfdev~ odav xtjdvoz/ hef J yh~ bdnmcedf vc nojgb h yccfde ~vhjrnh~d odhfjei t| vc hqdrhefh ca h yccfde `ct~d ce ~vjov~/ h vz|jnho Hm`h `ct~d/ ce y`jn` J denctevdrdf bcz~ ca hoo

hid~ ~jvvjei hef ozjei hrctef% V`dz ydrd dhidr vc ajef ctv y`c J yh~/ hef ced hfcod~ndev/hbctv 80 zdhr~ cof/ y`c ~|cmd h bjv ca Deioj~`/ jevdrqjdydf gd hbctv gz ncgjei `drd% Yhvdryh~ ijqde vc gd/ hef h bji |jdnd ca yhvdrgdoce%

V`de J |h~~df bz h ~`df tefdredhv` he Hm`h `ct~d/ y`drd v`dz ydrd ghmjei adrgdevdf rjndjevc mjef ca bhoo~% V`dz ihqd gd vyc ca v`d~d% V`dz ydrd ~c `cv= J nctof bhrdoz mdd| v`dg jegz `hef~/ hef md|v v`dg acr y`de J yctof bd `teirz ohvdr% @hoa he `ctr ohvdr Ecoc `hfjevrcftndf gd vc `j~ tenod hef htev/ yjv` y`cg J nctof ~vhz/ `d ~hjf% V`hv j~ y`hv J fjf acrv`d ajr~v v`rdd fhz~; ~vhzjei yjv` v`dg/ cb~drqjei v`dg hef dhvjei v`rdd gdho~ h fhz% V`c~dgdho~ nce~j~vdf ctv ca brcye/ te|ddodf rjnd/ hef acrd~v qdiijd~ yjv` aj~`/ qdej~ce cr N`jed~deccfod~ hef he dii/ vc||df caa yjv` |hog ~`ccv~/ (y`jn` hrd qdrz bjvvdr*%

V`d qjoohid yh~ xtjvd bji/ hbctv 6


4/20

Bcz~/ gde nhrrz v`d bhbjd~V`d Dtrc|dhe Tejce ~ddgdf vc `hqd fced jv~ ahjr bjv bz n`heedojei yhvdr/ ~c v`d qjoohid|c~~d~~d~ actr fjaadrdev yh~`jei |ohnd~%Ecoc/ v`d zctei ghe y`c `hf brcti`v gd vc Zh~~c~ `cgd/ nhgd bz dqdrz fhz cr dqdejei hef~`cydf gd h ~ycoode odav accv yjv` vyc |tenvtrd~ je jv% J v`cti`v ca ~ehmdbjvd/ btv `d fdejdf


5/20

~hzjei jv `hf h||dhrdf ctv ca v`d botd/ hef `d nctofev rdnhoo hez hejgho `hqjei bjvvde `jg% @j~kcb yh~ v`hv ca h vctrj~v itjfd acr he hidenz je Gthei ^jei nhoodf/ Dpcvjn Vrdmmjei% @d yh~|hjf h gdrd acrvz fcoohr~/ |dr v`rdd'fhz vrdm hef dqde v`hv yh~ev ~cgdv`jei `d yh~ h~mdf vcfc dqdrz gcev`% ^c `d `hf vc ycrm je v`d |hffz ajdof~ ojmd dqdrzced do~d/ ja `d yhevdf accf cev`d vhbod%

V`d Hm`h~ ca v`d qjoohid~ ctv~jfd v`d |rcvdnvdf hrdh/ je y`jn` Ecoc hef Zh~~c ojqd/ hrdfd~|drhvd acr accf% V`d icqdregdev j~ ecv rdhooz fcjei gtn` acr vrjbho ncggtejvjd~= v`dz `hqd

bdde caadrdf jendevjqd~/ hef v`d |rcgj~d ca edy |dr~|dnvjqd~/ bz N`jed~d jeqd~vcr~/ y`c `hqdvcof v`dg vc btre fcye v`d acrd~v~/ hef |ohev rtbbdr vrdd~% V`d qjdy j~ `crrjajn% Dqdrzgcrejei hef dqdejei/ J ~hy |otgd~ ca ~gcmd cqdr gctevhje rjfid~ rji`v hnrc~~ Zh~~c~ `ct~d% Jghfd ncggdev~ hbctv jv/ hef Ecoc hfgjvvdf v`hv jv yh~ irhqd/ hef ~`ctof bd ~vc||df% Dqde cev`d Hm`h rhfjc ~vhvjce v`dz ydrd vcof vc ~vc| `tevjei |rcvdnvdf ~|dnjd~/ hef ~vc| v`d btrejei%Btv v`dz eddf gcedz vc |hz acr atdo/ dqde v`d atdo v`dz eddf vc rte v`d vrhnvcr deijed v`hv|rcqjfd~ dedriz acr v`d vyc VQ~ je v`d qjoohid% V`d cv`dr |dr~ce~ VQ/ y`de Zh~~c~ VQ j~ ecv

ce/ j~ ~cgd ajavz gdvdr~ arcg Zh~~c~ `ct~d% Ceoz v`drd/ v`hv itz h~m~ he devrhend add/ ojmd4


6/20

|rcirhg ce v`d Hm`h rhfjc ~vhvjce% H ady eji`v~ `d ghfd gd oj~vde vc v`d Qcjnd ca Hgdrjnh/hef V`hj cr N`jed~d edy~%

Hef v`d mjf~ dekcz jv%%%V`d ~xtdhmjei rhfjc fjfev oh~v ocei/ hef ~cce gz Yhomghe yh~ t~df acr v`d |tr|c~d caoj~vdejei vc Hm`h gt~jn% @j~ gcv`dr nhgd bz hef t~df vc ~jv yjv` t~/ hef h~mdf acr gdfjnjedacr `dr bhnm |hje/ v`de h arjdef ca `dr~ `hf ~vcghn` hn`d y`jn` ~`d yhevdf ntrdf%

Ftrjei v`d edpv ady fhz~ J `hf n`jofrde ncgjei vc oj~vde vc gz vh|d~/ hef ~dd gd fhend/ cr J`hf h yhjvjei rccg/ atoo ca |hvjdev~ yjv` dhr/ dzd/ v`rchv cr hez cv`dr jeadnvjce~%Ecoc~ nct~je \dte Vhdz/ h zctei itz y`c `hf vyc yjqd~ hef v`rdd n`jofrde/ vccm gd vc `j~`cgd/ hef vc cv`dr `cgd~/ y`drd J yh~ caadrdf fddr cr yjof bchr% T~thooz jv vtredf ctv vc bdh ~vdy yjv` rjnd/ v`d t~tho acrd~v qdidvhbod~/ hef bhgbcc ~`ccv~ ~drqdf yjv` Ohc y`j~mdz% Ceced cnnh~jce yd ~hv yjv` hbctv v`jrvz |dc|od hv h bhextdv/ hef hvd hv h ocy vhbod/ arcg h |ohvd

ce v`d yccfde aoccr% Bdocy t~ ydrd v`d fcgd~vjnhvdf bohnm |ji~/ y`jn` yctof hoyhz~ ~nrcteidhrctef acr hezv`jei v`hv yh~ |t~`df v`rcti` v`d ~ojv~ ca v`d yccfde |ohem~ v`hv ghfd v`d

aoccr% J `hvdf vc frjem v`hv y`j~mdz/ btv jv yh~ hogc~v tehqcjfhbod hef J ~trdoz fjfev yhev vccaadef gz `c~v~/ y`de acr v`dg/ v`j~ yh~ v`d gc~v dp|de~jqd/ hef v`d bd~v v`hv v`dz nctofcaadr gd%Bz ecy J `hf bdncgd |rdvvz t~df vc v`d deqjrcegdev/ btv ecv vc btg|jei gz `dhf cr ~mtoohihje~v v`d rcca |c~v~ ca gz `c~v~ `cgd% J icv ~dqdrho fdd| ntv~ je ec vjgd% ^c ahr jv `hfev


7/20

bdde rhjejei gtn`/ hef v`d gde hef ycgde icv t| hbctv ajqd je v`d gcrejei vc addf v`d |ji~/bz ~jp v`dz ydrd caa vc v`d ~oh~` hef btre ajdof~/ hef v`de vc v`d rjnd ajdof~/ y`drd v`dz ghz`hqd ~vhrvdf je/ cr ~jg|oz vc v`d acrd~v vc `tev ihgd%Jv fhyedf ce gd v`hv J ~`ctof fc ~cgdv`jei/ cv`dr v`he kt~v oh{jei hbctv je v`d qjoohid

yhvn`jei |dc|od/ y`hv v`dz dhv cr brjei je/ cr `cy v`dz yhvn` VQ cr |ohz vhmrcy (h bhoo ghfdca rcvhe j~ mecnmdf cqdr h mjef ca qcoodz edv/ bz djv`dr v`d `dhf cr bz v`d addv*%

J yh~ h~mdf bz Ecoc ja J ahenjdf h vrdm je v`d acrd~v% Ca nctr~d J fjf/ btv y`drd/ `cy hefy`de3 @d jevrcftndf gd vc h arjdef/ nhoodf Mc~~c/ y`c `hf edqdr bdde h itjfd ca hez ced/ btvy`c medy v`d acrd~v ydoo% @d yh~ zctei ojmd Ecoc/ btv Ecoc yh~ ecv ajv vc vhmd gd/ yjv` h accvojmd `d `hf/ ~c/ J hnnd|vdf%V`d edpv fhz/ J |hnmdf gz rdf bhi= je ydev v`d ednd~~hrz nocv`d~ acr h acrd~v nojghvd/ gzrhje |cen`c arcg \drt/ gz gdfjnjed mjv/ fjijvho nhgdrh hef bjecntohr~% Mc~~c yh~ qdrz`hef~cgd% @hf J gdv `jg je V`hjohef/ J yctof `hqd vhmde `jg acr h V`hj% J actef ctv `d

yhvn`df v`d V`hj ~ch|~/ hef dqde hfc|vdf v`d ohvd~v `hjr ah~`jce/ y`jn` v`d V`hj~ `hqd nc|jdfarcg Gheih nhrvcce n`hrhnvdr~/ ojmd Icvde cr Qdidvh% Ecv ceoz `hf `d dgbrhndf v`d V`hj

yhz ca `hjr~vzod/ btv `d ho~c `hf odhrev h bh~jn V`hj/ y`jn` yh~ dpndoodev/ h~ gjed yh~ bh~jnvcc/ hef `hf J ceoz ~|cmde Deioj~`/ J yctof ecv `hqd `hf v`d n`hend vc ncggtejnhvd yjv` `jghv hoo%

V`d vrdmYd ydrd icjei vc vrdm acr hbctv v`rdd fhz~% @d fjfev mecy v`hv/ btv J ghfd jv nodhr v`hvv`hv yh~ y`hv Ecoc `hf je gjef acr gd% Ctr aj~v |crv ca nhoo yctof bd h qjoohid ca v`d N`d~cHm`h% V`d vrdm yh~ ~vteejei/ ecv ceoz fjf yd idv hnrc~~ Hm`h ahrgjei ohef/ hef ~oh~` hef btre

ajdof~= J ho~c icv vc ~dd artjv~ hef vh~vd v`dg/ y`jn` ceoz Hm`h medy ca%

^cgd ca v`d ~oc|d~ ydrd ~c ~vdd|= J `hf vc |ht~d dqdrz ajqd gjetvd~% Nodhroz J `hf `hf fhz~yjv` gcrd ~vhgjeh/ yhz bhnm je v`d Hefd~/ btv v`hv yh~ edhroz 4 gcev`~ hic% \hvvhzh `hf~|cjodf gd yjv` vcc ghez nrdhg ncaadd~/ hef vcc gtn` `dhv yjv` ec hnvjce% J ~ycrd J yh~icjei vc n`heid v`hv t|ce gz rdvtre% Btv ecy v`drd yh~ ec eddf acr ~tn` rd~coqd/ dqde v`doh~v ~vrdvn` ca `hoa h mjocgdvdr/ J `hf v`d ~ydhv rcoojei jevc gz tefdrydhr hef Mc~~c yhjvjeiacr gd ojmd h ~vcjn% Zd~/ v`cti` `d occmdf ojmd he Cozg|jn icf je ahnd hef bcfz/ `d yh~ ecvgtn` ca h ~|dhmdr cr dp|ohjedr vc gd% J `hf vc qjrvthooz |too jeacrghvjce ctv ca `j~ gctv`%

J `hf vh~vdf ~cgd yjof btv ~tnntodev bdrrjd~/ y`de yd ~vtgbodf t|ce h |hrvz ca actr Hm`h`tevdr~% V`dz ~|crvdf N`jed~d ~cofjdr nh|~/ hef fjvvc khnmdv~/ btv jv yh~ v`d ocei gt~mdv ojmd

hrg~ v`dz nhrrjdf v`hv jevrjitdf gd% J `hf edqdr ~dde hezv`jei ojmd v`dg bdacrd% J hg ecv hedp|drv je ydh|ce~/ ~c J yjoo ecv vrz vc itd~~ y`hv v`dz ydrd/ btv v`dz ~trd occmdf ojmd v`dzydrd ghfd vyc ndevtrjd~ hic% Y`de J itd~~df y`jn` nctevrz v`dz nhgd arcg/ Mc~~c ~hjf v`hvv`d Hm`h `hf ghfd v`dg%V`de J ~hy v`d |rdz v`dz `hf ce fj~|ohz ce v`d |hv`% V`dz ydrd hnvthooz ~gcmjei gdhv/ btv~cgd ca v`d gdhv yh~ ~vjoo jevhnv= h bt{{hrf/ h |hrrcv/ ~ghoodr bjrf~/ h mjef ca atrrz hejghov`hv occmdf ojmd h rcfdev/ btv `hf v`d bcfz ca h nchvj yjv` hocei bohnm vhjo hef decti` ~mje vc


8/20

aoz arcg vrdd vc vrdd% Jv yh~ h ecnvtreho ghggho J yctof ~hz% Arcg v`d bt{{hrf J icv ~cgdadhv`dr~ hef jv~ addv%

\hrvjei v`d gdhv@hqjei odav v`d rcoojei ohef~nh|d hef v`jnm acrd~v bd`jef t~ yd hrrjqdf hv v`d qjoohid caEhghct% V`j~ yh~ havdr ajqd `ctr~ ca vrdmmjei/ vc edhr dp`ht~vjce ce gz |hrv% Jv ohz qdrz `ji`t| ce h `joo/ ~trrctefdf bz ajdof~ hef ot~` acrd~v% V`d |dc|od `hf ecv dp|dnvdf t~= ghez ca v`d

ycgde `hf v`djr devjrd vrhfjvjceho frd~~ ce hef ~cgdv`jei |dntojhr ojmd h rctef ojvvod vcydr cev`djr acrd`dhf/ y`jn` yh~ hnvthooz h `hv yjv` ncje~ ce jv% V`dz ocqd v`d Arden` ncocejho|jh~vdr~ ca ~joqdr%V`d n`jofrde `drd ydrd ~`zdr v`he v`d ced~ je gz qjoohid/ btv y`hv t|~dv gd gcrd ydrd v`d`crfd~ ca yjof bhrmjei fci~% Dqdrz `ct~d `hf ced ~ehrojei arcg qdrhefh~/ hef rteejei vcyhrft~ arcg ~`df~ bdocy v`d `ct~d~% V`dz ndrvhjeoz fdadefdf v`d qjoohid hef `ct~d`cof% Je ~`crv/v`d ydoncgd yh~ ecv rdhooz y`hv yd `hf dp|dnvdf/ hef dqde v`cti` yd ydrd jeqjvdf t| jevc h

ghe~ `ct~d/ J yh~ev ~trd Mc~~c ojmdf jv% @d rdghjedf jnd ncof hef tedpnjvdf hbctv v`d y`codfrhgh ca vyc gde hritjei cqdr ~cgdv`jei% Yh~ jv hbctv t~3

H~ t~tho v`d qdrhefh ajoodf t| yjv` v`d ntrjct~/ n`jofrde hef ycgde%Jv vtredf ctv vc bd v`d `ct~d ca v`d ehj bhe(qjoohid n`jda*% Kt~v ojmd je gz qjoohid/ v`j~ ced `hfVQ hef hoo v`d rjn`d~% ^cce `d crfdrdf t~ je~jfd v`d fhrm btv ncco ojqjei rccg/ ja zct nhe nhoo jv


10/20

Bz v`d dqdejei/ y`de yd `hf vc dhv/ J icv hyhz arcg jv hoo/ y`de J eddfdf vc ic vc v`d occctv~jfd hihje/ bd`jef v`d bt~`d~% J fdnjfdf vc ajef v`djr ~|jrjv ihvd% Jv yh~ jggde~d/ hef kt~vojmd ctr~/ jv ho~c `hf h `tid ~yjei bdacrd jv/ ~cgdv`jei v`hv J `hf ~dde zdhr~ hic je/ y`de~vhzjei yjv` v`d Itrtei~% Btv fci~ arcg hoocqdr nhgd rteejei havdr gd/ v`rdhvdejei gd cend

gcrd%J ceoz `hf h ady |jnvtrd~ odav hef J yh~ otnmz je v`hv v`d VQ idedrhvcr hv @ctheh `hf ijqdegd hg|od c||crvtejvz vc t~d acr rdn`hrijei gz nhgdrh bhvvdrjd~% Btv je v`c~d ajqd oh~v `ctr~

J `hf ~`cv gc~v ca gz |cvdevjho/ ~c v`hv je Ehghct/ J `hf ecv decti` dedriz odav/ cr ~|hnd acr~vcrjei v`dg ce gz nhgdrh gdgcrz nhrf% V`d eji`v nhgd ~yjavoz/ hef |dc|od nhgd hrctef v`dbdf/ y`jn` Mc~~c hef J ydrd ozjei ce% V`d ahv`dr/ ctr `c~v/ yh~ ydoo ~drqdf bz `j~ zcteifhti`vdr~/ y`c ydrd |rcad~~jceho je v`djr hbjojvz vc gh~~hid/ ~cgdv`jei J `hf bdde |hg|drdfyjv` je gz qjoohid% Dqdrzbcfz/ bcz~ hef ijro~/ zctei hef cof/ ihqd gh~~hid~/ btv jv yh~ ~hjf v`hvycgde hef ijro~ ydrd bd~v hv jv%

V`d dqdejei yh~ ate= jv yh~ |trd ghijn acr dpn`heijei jfdh~/ ~cei~ hef n`dnmjei dhn` cv`dr~bctefhrjd~% Kt~v ojmd je @ctheh/ J fjf gz |t||dvddrjei ihgd/ ~jg|oz t~jei gz `hef~ jegjgjnmjei vyc ncbrh~/ cr vyc fci~ aji`vjei dhn` cv`dr/ jenotfjei ghmjei v`d ~ctef~ v`dz ghmd%

V`d ncbrh~/ je v`d def/ otrn` hv ~cgd ca v`d n`jofrde yhvn`jei jv% Jv yh~ irdhv ate/ je ~c gtn`v`hv gc~v ca v`d n`jofrde je dqdrz qjoohid J qj~jv/ `hqd ~vhrvdf |ohzjei gz |t||dvddrjei|dracrghend acr v`dg~doqd~% Jv `h~ bdncgd v`d n`jofrde~ ahqcrjvd rdxtd~v je y`jn`dqdr`ct~d J ic vc% H vddehidr ~hei rdho vrhfjvjceho Hm`h ~cei~ acr gd%Mc~~c yh~ edhroz h~odd|= `d nctofev bd bcv`drdf vc yhvn` y`hv J fjf% Bh~jnhooz `d `hvdfbdjei v`drd/ yjv` v`d~d |dc|od/ y`c `d actef vc bd tedftnhvdf/ tertoz hef fjrvz% @d nohjgdfv`hv je @ctheh v`dz yctofev fc v`j~ cr v`hv/ hef J hirddf/ hffjei v`hv ec ced `hf dqdr fhrdf

h~m gd acr gcedz acr accf cr y`j~mdz%

Y`de dqdrzced `hf odav/ Mc~~c hef J ydrd rdhfz vc noc~d ctr dzd~/ btv bdacrd J fjf J ~hy gz`c~v rdhfzjei `j~ |j|d yjv` c|jtg% @d h~mdf gd ja J yhevdf vc vrz/ btv J fdnojedf% @d caadrdfh ~dncef vjgd/ btv hihje J ~hjf ec/ vcc harhjf v`hv J ghz idv `ccmdf acr ojad hef bd~jfd~ Jyh~ev jevdrd~vdf je t~jei h frti yjv`ctv hez ~|jrjvtho gdhejei cr rjvtho nceednvdf vc jv% V`d~gdoo ca jv vtredf gz ~vcghn` je~jfd ctv/ hef J ~vtnm gz ec~d tefdr v`d bdf ~`ddv%Edpv gcrejei hv fhye yd icv t|/ hef hihje v`d brdhmah~v' rjnd `hf n`dyz ~gcmdf qdej~ce je jv/fddr J itd~~ jv yh~% J yhevdf vc odhqd xtjnmoz/ btv yd ydrd ecv hoocydf vc/ h~ ~cgd n`jofrdeydrd deihidf je h ^`hghejn rjvtho yjv` v`d ~`hghe/ edhr h ojvvod brccm yd `hf vc nrc~~%

Mc~~c `hf edqdr bdde h~ ahr h~ v`j~ qjoohid/ hef arcg ecy ce `d yctofev dqde mecy `cy vc idvvc v`d edpv qjoohid nhoodf ^tdd% @d icv fjrdnvjce~ arcg v`d ehj bhhe/ vdoojei t~ vc ic fcye cqdrv`d brccm/ je vc v`d acrd~v/ hef fcye vc v`d rjqdr/ y`drd yd `hf vc nrc~~ hef occm acr h bjivrdd hef acoocy je v`hv fjrdnvjce% H bji vrdd/ v`dz `hf vcof `jg3 Zdd icf~/ J `c|d `d ajef~v`hv |hrvjntohr vrdd%


11/20

J cb~drqdf v`d rjvtho je jv~ oh~v ~vhid v`rcti` gz bjecntohr~% J yh~ ~hf J yh~ ecv hoocydf vc~dd jv arcg h noc~d vc% V`d ghe/ y`c yh~ yjv` v`d ~`hghe/ yh~ ~cgdbcfz J rdnciej{df/ h~ v`dced y`c `hf je~j~vdf v`hv v`d bcz~ ~`ctof h~m gd acr gcedz acr hez |jnvtrd J vccm% J `hqd ecnotd y`dv`dr `d yh~ he h~~j~vhev/ cr h ~`hghe `jg~doa% V`d bcz~ yjv` v`dg ydrd ecv cofdrv`he vde hef v`dz ydrd dhvjei ~cgd ~|dnjho accf%

Ctr accf je Ehghct


12/20

Hihje h zctei bcz vrjdf vc ~doo `j~ bdhtvjato `crebjoo `dhf% J vrjdf ~yh||jei jv acr gz ~vhjeod~~~vddo ~yjvn`bohfd mejad% V`dz hoo `hf h occm hv jv/ btv je v`d def v`dz |rdadrrdf nh~`/ bh`v crMj|/ cr dqde fcoohr~%

V`de hoo ca h ~tffde yd nctof ic% Mc~~c `hf vc vhmd dpvrh nhrd ca gd/ bdnht~d jv `hf |ctrdfyjv` rhje v`d y`cod eji`v/ hef h~ J ~od|v yjv` dhr|oti~ je/ J `hf ecv `dhrf jv% Btv ~cce J yctofaddo y`hv rhje fcd~/ h~ J md|v ~mjffjei fheidrct~oz fcye v`d ~oc|d~ hef edhroz brcmd gz hemod%J `hf cend hihje vc brdhm h brhen` arcg h vrdd/ hef ghmd gz~doa h yhomjei ~vjnm% V`d Rddbcm

kciijei ~`cd~/ je `ji` vdn`/ ahjodf gd havdr ced fhz ca vrdmmjei= bcv` ~cod~ `hf ncgd occ~d v`dedpv fhz% Ec/ Rddbcm ndrvhjeoz ydrd ecv ghfd acr vrdmmjei/ Odcehrfc Btv rd~v h~~trdf/ v`dzhrd je iccf `hef~ ecy/ hef odhf h ~dncef ojad je @ctheh yjv` gz `c~v Zct~~c%Hv v`d rjqdr je v`d qhoodz J acoocydf Mc~~c y`c occmdf |t{{odf% Y`drd yh~ v`hv ~|dnjho vrdd3Y`de yd ajehooz actef jv/ yd ghrn`df ce dh~vyhrf~/ vc v`d qjoohid ca Ehghz% Hihje yd rcqdfv`rcti` h bji |hvn` ca ohef yjv` btrev vrdd~ cr y`hv yh~ odav ca v`dg%

@hoa he `ctr ca nce~vhev bocy~ ce gz medd kcjev~ `hf vhmde h vcoo ce gz aodpjbjojvz% Mc~~c `hfh~mdf gd ja J nctof yhom je `j~ N`jed~d ~edhmdr~/ y`jn` ~ddgdf iccf decti` acr h njvz yhom/

btv ecv acr v`j~ kteiod% Cr nctof J |dr`h|~ ic ce bhrd addv3 J v`cti`v ja J fc v`hv/ J yctof bd~trajei fcye v`d ~oc|d fcye vc v`d rjqdr% ^c jv yh~ h bji rdojda vc ~dd v`hv acr ~cgd vjgd Jyctof `hqd vc yhom ce aohv ohef% Yd yhomdf tevjo yd ~vccf bz hecv`dr rjqdr/ y`jn` yd `hf vcnrc~~% Jv yh~ rj~jei je odqdo/ hef `hf ijhev ~vced~ je jv/ btv ecv decti` ca v`d~d vc nrc~~ v`drjqdr% Mc~~c v`rdy h ady gcrd ca v`dg je/ hef ghfd h ohef brjfid% @d caadrdf vc nhrrz gdcqdr jv/ h~ J yh~ ~vjoo xtjvd ycbboz ce gz odi~% @d nhrrjdf gd cqdr vc v`d cv`dr rjqdrbhem%V`de yd gcqdf t| h ~oc|d/ zd~ hecv`dr ced/ v`rcti` v`jnm bhgbcc acrd~v/ hef ocv~ ca vrc|jnho

ydv tefdrircyv` ~nrtb~% Je ec vjgd Mc~~c~ addv ydrd jead~vdf yjv` oddn`d~/ ~tnmjei v`dboccf arcg bdvydde `j~ vcd~/ hef J `hf ~cgd ca v`dg nrhyojei t| gz ~`cd~% Ecrghooz zct eddf

vc rtb v`dg je/ hef ~chm zctr ~cnm~ yjv` vcbhnnc ktjnd/ btv J `hf bdde tehyhrd yd yctof idvje v`j~ gd~~%Yd `hf gcqdf t| hbctv vde gdvdr~ `ji`/ y`de Mc~~c rdhoj{df v`hv v`d |hv`~ yd `hf acoocydfydrd jefddf acrgdr Hm`h |hv`~/ btv v`hv v`dz odf ecy`drd% Yd `hf vc rdvrdhv hef nrc~~ v`drjqdr hihje%Acoocyjei v`d rjqdr rctef v`d bdef/ v`drd yh~ h |hv` y`jn` `d `hf bdde vcof yctof odhf t~ vcEhghzd/ y`drd `d `hf h brcv`dr hef ~j~vdr ojqjei/ hef y`drd yd yctof bd qdrz ydoo vrdhvdf

hef rdndjqdf% V`d ~cjo yh~ aoccfdf yjv` yhvdr arcg rhje~ cr rjqdr btv yd actef jv hv oh~v%V`drd J vccm caa gz ~`cd~/ hef nrc~~df ce bhrd addv vc v`d cv`dr ~jfd% Arcg v`drd ce ydacoocydf fjaadrdev |hv`~/ ~cgdvjgd~ v`dz defdf t| je h ydfid/ btv yd acoocydf ctr je~vjenvhef ec~d/ hef hrrjqdf havdr vyc `ctr~ ca nrj~~'nrc~~jei v`jnm `tgjf acrd~v/ jevc v`d Hm`hahrg ohef y`drd yd `hf h brdhm je v`d rjqdr% V`d rjqdr vddgdf yjv` frhiceaojd~ hefbtvvdraojd~% J nctofev rd~j~v fjqjei je v`d ~`hoocy rjqdr/ jv yh~ nccojei hef dphnvoz y`hv Jeddfdf% Mc~~c `hf decti` yjv` yhvdr ce `j~ ahnd/ hef y`de `d nctofev hez oceidr bhrd v`d


13/20

~ji`v ca gz ehmdf btg/ `d h~mdf gd vc idv frd~~df/ hef yd gcqdf ce% Bz v`rdd hg yd hrrjqdfhv Ehghz%V`drd jefddf/ yd ydrd ghfd qdrz ydoo% @drd vcc/ v`d Dtrc|dhe Ncggj~~jce `hf h yhvdr vh|je~vhoodf/ v`d ~vhr~ ca v`d DT oci xtjvd qj~jbod btv ahfjei% J v`jem DT ~|ce~crdf jv btv v`d

crihej{hvjce v`hv fjf jv yh~ v`d Arden` HNA hihje% J `hf h ~`cydr tefdr jv/ hvvrhnvjei canctr~d ghez n`jofrde/ y`c nhgd vc yhvn` v`j~ y`jvd ~mje qj~jvcr% Kt~v h~ yjv` v`d N`hqhevd/hef dhrojdr ce yjv` qj~jv~ hv v`d @gcei qjoohid hef cv`dr Hm`h |ohnd~/ n`jofrde ydrd dpvrdgdoz

nhtvjct~ hef fjfev mecy y`dv`dr v`dz nctof vrt~v gd%

Mc~~c~ ~j~vdr hef `j~ brcv`dr je'ohy `hf h bhbz hef vyc vcffodr~% V`d ajrd je v`d `ct~d yh~nccmjei gdhv arcg v`d acrd~v% Bz v`d dqdejei/ hef havdr J `hf yh~`df hef frjdf gz nocv`d~/ Jvccm h ~vrcoo v`rcti` v`d qjoohid/ hef hihje ~hy h fjaadrdev ~|jrjv ihvd/ hoo v`d yhz t| v`dqjoohid/ zd~ jv yh~ev rdhooz vcc aohv% V`d ~|jrjv ihvd ~vccf ce h ~oc|d% Jv ~vhrvdf rhjejei/ `drdhef ~cce yd hoo rhe acr ~`dovdr% V`hv~ y`drd Mc~~c/ acr v`d ajr~v vjgd/ caadrdf vc gh~~hid jevrtd Hm`h ~vzod% Y`jn` j~ y`drd v`d odi~ hef hrg~ hrd |rd~~df fcye hef ~xtdd{df/ hef cend J

ohz ce gz bdooz/ icv h ejnd vyj~v hef kcjev vrdhvgdev/ v`de `d nrhnmdf gz vcd~ hef ojmd yj~d v`dajeidr~ hef v`tgb~% Icf/ fjf v`hv fc gd ~cgd iccf3

Je v`d gcrejei/ v`d `tv yh~ ~gcmz yjv` accf nccmjei je fjaadrdev nhtofrce~/ hef cv`dr~ kt~v~gcmdf hocei~jfd cr cqdr v`d ajrd% Gz nocv`d~ frjdf v`drd vcc% Nodhroz `drd vcc v`drd yh~eddf acr gcedz/ h~ jv yh~ `hrf vc ~doo hezv`jei vc v`d njvz% J yh~ caadrdf hv odh~v v`rdd`tefrdf irhg~ ca Ghrj`theh/ hef ~cgd `hefjnrhav/ hoo ca y`jn` J `hf vc fdnojed/ bdnht~d Jfjfev yhev vc btz hez gcrd ~vtaa v`hv J fjfev eddf% V`d ghrj`theh yh~ ceoz 2


14/20

V`drd ydrd gcrd ~oc|d~ t| hef fcye hihje% Bdacrd yd rdhn`df v`d qjoohid ca ^tdd/ y`drd ydyctof ecv ~vhz/ h~ `d fjfev mecy hezbcfz v`drd/ yd `hf nojgbdf ~cgd `ji`dr acrd~vohef/y`jn` yh~ gtn` frjdr% @drd yd cb~drqdf hef oj~vdedf vc bjrf~/ hef Mc~~c ~vhrvdf `tggjeiHm`h ~cei% @d yh~ h iccf ohf/ `do|ato hef ycrv` `j~ gcedz% J yh~ icjei vc |hz `jg v`d acrvzfcoohr~ v`hv Ecoc yctof idv arcg v`d hidenz% Gz ~`cd~ yctofev oh~v h fhz oceidr/ Mc~~c ~hjf%

Btv yd ~vjoo `hf vc yhom hecv`dr ~dqde `ctr~ bdacrd yd rdhn`df ctr ajeho fd~vjehvjce/ v`dqjoohid ca ^tgh%

Vrtd/ ^tdd yh~ xtjdv/ hef zdv vcidv`dr yjv` Ehghz/ J actef jv v`d gc~v bdhtvjato vrhfjvjcehoqjoohid% Ceoz fci~ bhrmdf hv t~/ hef ceoz ced ghe ~`cydf t~ v`d yhz ctv% Yd yhomdf v`rcti`v`d ~|jrjv ihvd% J ghfd cbkdnvjce~/ btv Mc~~c ~hjf/ jv fcd~ev ghvvdr/ hef `d yh~ hordhfzv`rcti` jv% V`j~ qjoohid yh~ btjov ce `jooz ohef/ h rdh~ce acr Mc~~c vc `hvd jv= `j~ jfdh~ hbctvbdhtvz hrd xtjvd fjaadrdev arcg gjed% H aohv ohef yjv` h qjoohid ojmd @chtheh j~ v`d gc~vbdhtvjato acr `jg% Yd gcqdf ah~v/ v`cti` gz odav accv yh~ hn`jei ojmd `doo bdnht~d ca h ~ghoo|dbbod v`hv `hf bdde |rd~~jei hihje~v gz ~ghoo vcd acr gcrd v`he h fhz% J edqdr `hqd |hje/Mc~~c ~hjf% ^cce yd hvd gcrd artjv/ nojgbdf t|`joo/ y`drd yd gdv ~cgd n`jofrde y c `hf bhi~

atoo ca terj|d hef qdrz ~ctr rhgbtvhe artjv%

Hv oh~v yd hrrjqdf je v`d c|de yjv` h qh~v qj~vh ca gctevhje~ hef qhoodz~ hef v`d `crj{ce arcgy`drd yd `hf nhgd arcg%V`drd ohz~ Ehghct/ Mc~~c ~hjf%

J nctofev bdojdqd J yh~ hordhfz actr `ctr~ ce v`d ghrn` hef v`hv v`hv qjoohid ohz ~c ahr bd`jeft~% V`de yd rdhn`df gde ycrmjei hv yjfdejei v`d rchf/ ~c v`hv v`dz nctof `hqd gcvcrnznod~/nhr~ hef v`djr gjej vrhnvcr~ t~jei v`dg% Rt~v ncocrdf yhoo~ ca dhrv` ydrd icjei vc bd ctr |hv`acr v`d edpv v`rdd `ctr~% V`d gde occmdf hv gd/ hef yjv`je v`d ~`hfd ca v`d yhoo yd hoonceqdr~df yjv` ~ghoo vhom% J odav gz ehgd je v`d ydv dhrv` ca v`hv yhoo/ edpv vc v`d ehgd ca

v`d rchf hef jv~ zdhr/ y`jn` v`dz `hf hordhfz deirhqdf v`dg~doqd~% Hihje v`dz vcof Mc~~c `cy`hef~cgd J yh~% V`d adhv`dr~ je gz dhr~ h||dhodf v`dg/ h~ v`dz fjf je v`d cv`dr qjoohid~%V`dz nhoodf gd M`te Ecm (je V`hj hef Ohc oheithid*/ gdhejei BjrfgheYd ~octn`df cr rhv`dr= J ~octn`df/ h~ Mc~~c yh~ ecv idvvjei vjrdf hv hoo% @d yh~ zctei hef`dhov`z= `d yh~ icjei hv h gtn` ~ocydr ~|ddf/ kt~v acr gd% Yd nhgd hnrc~~ gcrd rchf|rckdnv~/ v`j~ vjgd J ~hy v`d Odevde hef @gcei hef vrjbd~ y`c ydrd Hm`h rdohvdf%

Ce gz oh~v ~vrdvn` J rhe jevc h nhg| ca |dc|od y`c ydrd mjef decti` vc `hef t~ M`hc ~thz/(bdhtvjato rjnd je V`hj/ ~vjnmz rjnd j~ m`hc eddhy*% V`j~/ hef v`d rditohr yhvdr yd vccm arcgrjqdr~ hef brccm~/ md|v gd icjei%

Ctr oh~v ncg|hejce yh~ he Hm`h ycghe ce `dr yhz vc ^tgh% Bz v`de J `hf fdnjfdf vc yhombhrdaccv% J ghehidf vc yhom ojmd v`j~ acr hbctv ajqd mjocgdvdr% Jv yh~ h irdhv addojei/ vc `hqdgz addv vrdhfjei ce v`hv rt~vz ncocrdf dhrv`% V`hv~ y`drd h ghe ce h gcvcrnznod ~|df bz% @d~vc||df/ vcvhooz ~tr|rj~df vc gddv h acrdjiedr ce v`j~ vrdm% Y`de `d `dhrf y`hv J fced/ `d~hjf J yh~ h ~vrcei ghe% @d ycrmdf acr HNA/ hef yd dpn`heidf ~cgd ca ctr qjdy~ cehnntovtrhvjce/ v`d btrejei ca v`d acrd~v~ acr rtbbdr/ hef v`d jeaotdend ca v`d N`jed~d ghrmdv%


15/20

V`dz yjoo ajef ctv acr v`dg~doqd~/ ~ccedr cr ohvdr/ y`jn` VQ |rcirhg~ vc yhvn` hef y`jn`ecv% Yd ho~c ijqd v`dg hfqjnd hef vrz vc ~vc| v`dg btrejei v`d acrd~v/ btv jv j~ h |rckdnv caocei brdhv`/ `d ~hjf%J yh~ ncg|odvdoz ~`hvvdrdf/ hef ~c Mc~~c ~hjf v`hv yd nctof ic ce h vrtnm vc Gthei ~jei/

y`jn` yh~ ~vjoo qdrz ahr% ^thgh occmdf gcrd ojmd he crihej{df qjoohid= jv `hf gcrd ncrrtihvdfvje rcqd~/ hef jeacrghvjce hv v`d ehj bhhe~ `cgd hbctv ^VF% H |c~vdr yjv` hoo ~crv~ cajeadnvjce~ ce ghod idejvho~ yh~ ~jg|oz ~vh|odf ce `j~ fccr% J nctof bhv`d je ced ca v`d HNA

~`cydr~ hef vhmd h rd~v%

Hrd yd icjei bz bt~ vcgcrrcy/ Mc~~c `hf h~mdf gd/ ncgjei fcye arcg v`d `joo% J `hqdghehidf ~c ahr ce accv/ J v`cti`v% J hg ~trd v`hv J nhe fc v`d cv`dr bjv h~ ydoo je v`d ~hgdyhz% Btv havdr J `hf bhv`df/ dhvde h gdoce hef h qdrz ejnd rjnd gdho/ J ~od|v ~ctef hef fdd|%Btv ecv bdacrd J dekczdf h gh~~hid acrg Mc~~c~ rdohvjqd~% V`j~ vjgd J yh~ vc |hz acr jv/Mc~~c je~j~vdf% J ~od|v tefdr h gc~xtjvc edv/ ce ced bji bdf/ hef ycmd t| yjv` h fjaadrdevaddojei% Jv yh~ qdrz irdz hef frj{{oz ctv~jfd/ mjef ca h Bdoijhe htvtge ydhv`dr/ hef ~c yd

fdnjfdf vc `jvn` h rjfd cr vhmd h bt~% V`d n`jofrde fjfev gjef v`d rhje/ hef v`dz aocnmdf vcv`d rjqdr/ yjv` v`djr nhvh|tov~ hef `hf ate% Y`de h qd`jnod fjf hrrjqd/ jv yh~ ecv h bt~ je~vdhf

jv yh~ h vrtnm% Jv yh~ ydv h~ yd ~vccf je v`d vrtnm/ `hqjei v`d yjef hef rhje oh~` ctr ahnd~%Otnmjoz J `hf gz \drtqjhe |cen`c%J vccm t~ he `ctr rjfd/ hef Mc~~c |cjevdf ctv hoo v`d Hm`h qjoohid~ bz ehgd% @hf jv ecv rhjedf/yd yctof `hqd qj~jvdf v`dg/ btv J v`cti`v J `hf ~dde decti`/ hef medy y`hv Hm`h~ occmdf ojmdecy/ hef y`hv mjef ca ojad v`dz odhf%Hrrjqjei je Gthei ^jei/ J `hf vc fj~n`hrid gz gdgcrz nhrf ce v`d vrdmmjei hidenz~ caajnd% J`hf vcof Mc~~c ecv vc vdoo v`hv `d `hf itjfdf gd/ h~ J `hf ~dde h |c~vdr ~cgdy`drd bdacrd je

h rd~vhtrhev/ v`hv ~hjf v`hv jv yh~ ecv hoocydf acr vctrj~v~ vc vrdm hoced cr vc ic yjv` hetecaajnjho itjfd% V`d acrdjiedr nctof bd khjodf hef ajedf jv ~vj|tohvdf% J vrjdf vc dp|ohje hoo v`j~vc Mc~~c/ btv hoh~/ `d `hf ecv tefdr~vccf% ^c y`de v`d itz arcg v`d caajnd h~mdf `jg hef gdy`drd yd ydrd arcg hef y`hv `d cr J `hf fced/ `d jeecndevoz vcof `jg dqdrzv`jei% V`j~rd~tovdf je h yhrejei cr h v`rdhv v`hv Mc~~c nctof idv je vrctbod yjv` v`d |cojnd%

V`j~ rdgjefdf gd v`hv J yh~ ~vjoo je h ncggtej~v nctevrz y`drd `tghe rji`v~ hrd zdv ecv ~cndrvhje% V`d @gcei~ hrd ~vjoo |dr~dntvdf ojmd rhbbjv~/ acr v`djr hjf vc v`d Hgdrjnhe~ je v`dNcggtej~v yhr je v`d ~jpvjd~ hef ~dqdevjd~% Btv y`hv/ J v`cti`v/ hbctv v`d Hm`h~ ~jvthvjce3Cr yh~ jv je ahnv/ v`d rj~m v`hv h acrdjiedr nctof brjei ctv v`d edy~ ca btrejei acrd~v~/je~vjihvdf bz N`jed~d ncr|crhvd~/ yjv` y`cg Ohc~ j~ je nh`ccv~3

J fc ecv mecy/ btv yd icv ce v`d ajr~v ojvvod vrtnm v`hv J nctof n`hrvdr acr hbctv >


16/20

Hezyhz jv yh~ iccf vc bd `cgd/ bdnht~d v`hv~ y`hv jv adov vc gd/ J yh~ `cgd% J `hf v`d`h||jd~v vjgd ca gz ojad `drd yjv` |dc|od J `hf bhrdoz mecye acr v`rdd fhz~% @cy ~vrheid hefzdv/ v`dz hoo ocqdf gd% J ~cce icv bhnm jevc dhvjei rditohroz/ hef v`d hgctev~ ca yhvdr gdoce~v`hv aot~`df v`rcti` gz v`rchv ydrd h fdoji`v dqdrz `ctr/ bdnht~d jv yh~ ~vdhgjei `cv `drdh~ ydoo/ dqde v`cti` yd ydrd ce hbctv 8:


17/20

J rdhoj{df v`hv J nctof ecv ~vhz ce v`d~d |dc|od~ `c~|jvhojvz yjv`ctv ncevrjbtvjei/ hef dqdev`jrvz fcoohr yh~ qdrz ydoncgd/ h~ gc~v fcev dqde dhre v`hv je h gcev`% Havdr v`hv v`drd yh~ec gcrd vhom hbctv gd gcqjei vc hecv`dr `ct~d/ hef J yh~ nce~vhevoz ~drqdf yjv` iccf accf/cr h Rdf Btoo cr ohnvc ~cz gjom arcg v`d ahgjoz~ ~`c|%

Je v`d eji`v J yctof ihv`dr yjv` v`d zctei~vdr~/ hef `hqd ate yjv` vdhn`jei v`dg ~cei~ jeDeioj~`/ jenotfjei v`d ~cei~ mecye je Bdoijtg% V`dz |rdadrrdf v`d Deioj~` ced~ J `hfdenctevdrdf ce gz vrhqdo~/ hef je \hvvhzh/ ~tn` h~ Gz Bceejd Ojd~ Cqdr v`d Cndhe/ hef

@dhf hef ^`ctofdr~ Medd~ hef Vcd~% V`d~d ydrd ~gh~` `jv~ yjv` hbctv 6< zctei~vdr~/ jev`d fhrm/ y`c ho~c ~vcg|df v`djr addv y`de J h~mdf v`dg vc je Ja zctrd @h||z hef Zct Mecyjv ^vhg| zctr Addv%V`d oh~v fhz yh~ icjei vc bd h bji vrjho/ jv yh~ ndodbrhvdf ce v`d ~hgd fhz v`d Ohc icqdregdevndodbrhvd~ v`d yhr v`dz yce hihje~v v`d T^H%J fdnjfdf y`de v`dz/ Zh~~c hef `j~ bcz~/ h~mdf gd vc ncgd vc ~jei y`drd v`dz ~vccf% J yctof

`hqd vc frjem Ohc hihje/ hef J fjf ecv yhev vc ~dd hihje `cy v`dz ntv v`d v`rchv ca h `tidbohnm `ci% @dend/ J fdnjfdf vc ~vhz ce v`d qdrhefh hef ~jei hef fhend ce gz gt~jn% @cydqdr/

jv yh~ ecv |c~~jbod vc ghjevhje gz j~cohvjce arcg v`d gde/ h~ v`dz nhgd vc advn` gd hihje/ jvyh~ ecce bz ecy% J ihqd je hef ~octn`df v`rcti` v`d ~nrtb je v`d edhrbz acrd~v hv h accv ca h`joo%V`d y`cod ghod Hm`h ycrof yh~ v`drd% V`dz ~hv ce |hog odhqd~/ bcz~ yjv` gde hef gde yjv`gde% Ce v`d ~|jrjv `ct~d ohz h ichv~ `dhf/ hef J v`jem v`d vyc `tid nhtofrce~ bd`jef/ ydrdbcjojei |ji ahv hef boccf% V`dz ~ncc|df jv ctv ~|cce bz ~|cce/ y`jod hecv`dr yh~ ~vjrrjei v`d~vdy hef ghmjei h |dracrghend acr gz nhgdrh%

V`rdd gde ihv`drdf/ J rdnciej{df v`d ~`hghe arcg v`d oh~v rjvtho/ hef v`dz |cjevdf ctv v`dzctei qjoohid n`jda acr gd% Jende~d hef |rhzdr~ ydrd fdfjnhvdf vc v`d ~|jrjv ca v`hv ndrdgcez%J yh~ h~mdf vc |tv je gcedz/ hef cend hihje J `hf eced ce gd/ ~c Zh~~c/ jg|rcqj~df jv acr gd%Zct kt~v |tv jv v`drd/ `d y`j~|drdf%

V`d ~`hghe yhevdf gd vc |c~d je arcev/ havdr v`d rjvtho `hf bdde ncg|odvdf/ hef jv yh~ hfdhf ~drjct~ bt~jed~~/ bdnht~d hv v`d ~vhrv J yh~ ecv hoocydf vc |`cvcirh|` y`hv v`dz `hf|tv je v`d ~|jrjv `ct~d% J `hf vc vtre fcye v`d ahv J yh~ caadrdf bz ced ghe/ hef icv ojqdrje~vdhf%

Ajehooz yd ~hv fcye je vyc ocei rcy~ ahnjei dhn` cv`dr hef hvd arcg v`d nchitohvdf nccmdfboccf ~vdy/ hef frhem ~cgd hgbdr ncocrdf Ohc% V`d ~`hghe hef v`d dofdr~ ydrd hoo `h||z vcdhv yjv` v`dg% V`d zctei bcz~ hvd ~d|hrhvdoz%V`d |hrvz fjfev oh~v oceidr v`he he `ctr% Dhn` hef dqdrzced rdvtredf vc v`djr `cgd~% V`hv~hgd fhz hbctv ejed gde ihv`drdf ce v`d qdrhefh yjv` Zh~~c hef frhem hef frhem ~c gtn`Ohc% J medy jv yctof ecv vhmd ocei bdacrd vde~jce rc~d% \dte N`h ~hy jv ncgjei vcc/ hef ~tbvozghfd gd tefdr~vhef jv yh~ bdvvdr acr gd vc odhqd v`d qj~jvcr~%


18/20

Yjv`je he `ctr/ y`de J yh~ rdvtrejei arcg h ~vrcoo v`rcti` v`d qjoohid/ J `dhrf ~`ctvjei/ hef~cce J ~hy ~cgd aj~v bocy~ arcg h ghe/ y`c J `hf ecvjndf dhrojdr h~ he hiird~~jqd vhomdr/ `drhe fcye v`d ~vhjr~/ ~ddgjeioz atrjct~ hbctv ~cgd `tgjojhvjce% @d yhevdf vc rte bhnm yjv`~cgd hritgdev~/ btv `j~ mje md|v `jg bhnm/ hef v`de ca nctr~d v`d ced y`c `hf bdde je~tovdf

nhgd fcye vcc% \dc|od ydrd rdhooz hepjct~ hef ycrrjdf/ d~|dnjhooz v`d ycgde% V`d ced itz y`cyh~ gc~v jevcpjnhvdf rhe vc `j~ `cgd/ ceoz vc ncgd bhnm yjv` h Mhoh~`ejmcq rjaod/ y`jn` `d~`cv cend je v`d hjr/ vc ~`tv t| v`d ced y`c `h~ ~vhrvdf t| v`d aji`v%

^cce jv fjdf fcye/ btv v`drd yh~ ~vjoo h||rd`de~jce je v`d hjr% V`d itz/ y`c `hf ~vhrvdf jv/ `hfrte vc `j~ `cgd ~`ctvjei ~cgdv`jei ojmd/ J yjoo bd bhnm/ J yjoo mjoo zct%Btv `d edqdr fjf ncgd bhnm% Je~vdhf ca ~vc||jei v`d Ohc frjemjei/ v`dz |jnmdf t| v`djr ioh~~d~hef `hf h ady gcrd%J adov v`d edihvjqd dedriz je v`d hjr/ hef ~cgd ~|jrjv vcof gd J `hf vc nodhe~d v`d `ct~d ca

v`d~d rdghjejei dqjo qjbrhvjce~ v`hv v`d cof ghe `hf ~vjrrdf t|%

J vccm h ady |taa~ ca ^hevh Ghrjh yddf/ irhbbdf gz Atoej' Jefjhe~ rhvvod arcg Brh{jo/ hef~`ccm jv je hoo fjrdnvjce~/ arcg yhoo vc yhoo hef ~jfd vc ~jfd% Jv frdy v`d |dc|od vc v`d|dracrghend% J ycrd gz Vptnh`hgdj yhrrjcr adhv`dr`dhf frd~~/ hef ~tei vc gz ahv`dr ^te/hef jg|ocrdf vc `jg vc ~ccv`d v`d heirz addojei~ yjv` ocqd% J ~|cmd vc v`d |dc|od y`c `hfncgd vc oj~vde vc gz n`hev~/ hbctv `cy v`j~ qjoohid ~`ctof ~vhz tejvdf hef ecv fjqjfdf/ hef `cyojxtcr `hrg~ v`d ~|jrjv~ yjv`je v`dg~doqd~% V`dz ~gjodf hef ecffdf%Ecv ocei havdr/ ~vjoo je h qdrz `ji` ~vhvd ca gjef/ J devdrvhjedf zctei hef cof yjv`je v`d ghjerccg ca Zh~~c~ `ct~d% N`jofrde hef ycgde icv vc ~jei yjv` gd/ hef dekcz gz oh~v fhz ca

~vhzjei yjv` v`d Hm`h% \dte N`h `hf bdde qdrz ycrrjdf je v`d dqdejei/ btv v`d gde hoo ohti`dfjv hyhz% V`de \dte N`h h~mdf gd h |joo acr h `dhfhn`d% \ccr ycghe/ ~`d yh~ vcvhooz t|~dv% Jegz oh~v fhz~ J qj~jvdf hfkhndev qjoohid~ ~tn` h~ \ctz hef Dtohh% Hnncg|hejdf yjv` hoo v`dzctei~vdr~ y`c ojmdf gd yd ydev vc Dtohh/ y`jn` yh~ hbctv `hoa he `ctr yhomjei fj~vhend ojmd\ctz% J actef ctv v`hv gz ahgd h~ h fcnvcr `hf ~|rdhf vc Dtoh/ h~ he cof ycghe h~mdf gd vcvrdhv `dr irhef~ce~ vccv` hb~nd~~Edpv gcrejei/ Zh~~c `hf bcti`v actr bcvvod~ ca ^jei`h bddr/ hef caadrdf gd ced% @d c|dedft| h bcvvod ca Rdf Btoo/ caadrdf jv vc gd/ vcidv`dr yjv` hef ohnvc ~czgjom% V`d ~ct| nhgd havdrhef v`hv yh~ ecv hoo% @d `hf vyc bcjodf dii~ acr gd% J v`cti`v v`hv yh~ xtjvd decti` acr v`dbrdhmah~v/ tevjo J yh~ h~mdf vc ~jv ctv~jfd yjv` gcrd itd~v~/ jenotfjei v`d qjoohid `dhf n`jda/

v`d ~`hghe hef v`d Mhoh~`ejmcq ghe% V`drd yh~ gdhv hef bddr decti` hef dii~ acr dqdrzced%Qdrz xtjnmoz/ \dte N`h hef `dr gcv`dr je'ohy ydrd ydhqjei ~cgdv`jei vcidv`dr je aotcrd~ndevirdde hef crheid zhre/ y`jn` vtredf ctv vc bd acr h ~|dnjho iccfbzd ndrdgcez acr gd%Dji`v ca v`d |dc|od/ y`c ydrd |rd~dev/ vjdf rctef gz yrj~v~/ h bohnm zhre v`rdhf hef ocv~ cagcedz yjv` jv% Jv yh~ acoocydf t| yjv` vch~vjei ca iccf `dhov`/ hef hoo ca h ~tffde/ \dte N`hnhgd arcg bd`jef gz bhnm yjv` vyc bcjodf dii~/ dhn` ced ~hv je h ycqde ~ghoo bhi hvvhn`df vch ocei ~vrjei% Bcv` v`d~d dii~/ je v`djr bhi~/ ydrd v`de |tv cqdr gz ~`ctofdr~/ hef hecv`dr ~jp


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dii~ ydrd |tv je gz `hef~% He dofdroz ghe/ y`cg J h~~tgd yh~ hecv`dr ~`hghe/ ghfd Hm`h|rhzdr~ acr gd/ v`hv yh~ gz bod~~jei acr gz vrj| hef iccf `dhov`/ J ~t||c~d%Vyc zctei edji`bcr ycgde nhoodf gd vc vhmd |jnvtrd~ ca v`dg je v`djr vrhfjvjceho frd~~/ btvhoh~ J `hf ec gcrd gdgcrz ce gz n`j|/ bdnht~d J `hf ~`cv v`d oh~v ced~ ca Zh~~c hef `j~ yjad/

~`d je vrhfjvjceho Hm`h \toj ctvajv/ hef `d yjv` ^hevt hef ^hemdv je ecrgho yd~vdre nocv`d~% J~hy \dte N`h je `dr ~|odefjf nocv`d~ hef rdnciej{df v`d ~`jrv ~`d `hf gd cend ycre acr gz|jnvtrd~% ^`d v`de `hf ~hjf v`hv jv yh~ ycgde y`c ycrd jv/ bdnht~d hv v`d vjgd ec ced `hf hez

ca v`d ghod Hm`h ctvajv~ acr gd/ dpnd|v acr h y`jvd nocv` yjv` ~|dnjho dgbrcjfdrdf fd~jie cejv/ y`jn` ceoz v`dz tefdr~vhef% V`dz hoo yhevdf gd vc ncgd bhnm/ v`dz ~hjf hef ~cce%Y`dedqdr Jf ncgd J yctof bd ydoncgd%Hef yd yjoo vrhqdo yjv` zct vc Qjdevjhed hef Othei \rhbhei/ Zh~~c hef h arjdef ca `j~ hffdf%Fdho/ J ~hjf%

J yh~ frjqde vc Gthei ^jei ghje rchf ce h ~ghoo vrhnvcr/ |h~~jei bz v`d n`jofrde je v`d ~n`cco/y`c n`ddrdf gd ce hef ~hjf iccfbzd% Ce v`d ghje rchf/ Zh~~c hef J `c||df ce h |jnm t|/ je

y`jn` yd icv vc v`d bt~ ~vhvjce% Hocei v`d yhz yd ~hy `j~ vyc ~ce~ ^hgd hef ^cevj/ hefcv`dr~ n`jofrde y`c `hf ncgd bhnm arcg ~n`cco% J fjf ecv nrz/ acr J medy J yctof ncgd hef~dd v`dg hihje%Yd ydrd ahr vcc dhroz/ ~c Zh~~c v`de ghfd h ~cnjho nhoo hv `j~ ed|`dy~ `ct~d% Vde gjetvd~ohvdr `d hef J rhe vc v`d bt~ ~vhvjce/ ~|trrdf ce bz yhvdrgdoce% @d odav gd v`drd/ btv v`d bt~rdat~df vc odhqd/ h~ J yh~ v`d ceoz |h~~deidr% Vyc `ctr~ ohvdr J yh~ ce gz yhz vc Othei EhgV`h/ y`drd J fdnjfdf vc ~vhz je gcrd ncgacrvhbod itd~v`ct~d kt~v acr ced eji`v%J vccm v`d vjgd vc occm t| gz edy arjdef hef @gcei/ \ct N`h/ hef ijqd `jg v`d dpvrh 2


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bdacrd yd medy jv/ jenotfjei dhvjei ~cgd ~gcmdf bhv~ y`jn` ydrd ~cof vc v`d |h~~deidr~ cev`d bt~%

a visit to the protected areas of the akhas in laos by alann de vuyst

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