a toolkit for rural businesses & agencies · travel behaviour in australia (e.g. car use as the...

Transport is Everyone’s Business …in Wellington Shire

Version 1.0May 2013

A Toolkit for Rural Businesses & Agencies

Transport is Everyone‘s Business: A Toolkit for Rural Businesses and Agencies

Version 1.0 May 2013

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Table of Contents

Introduction 4

Background _______________________________________________ 5

Why is transport a priority? 5

What is transport disadvantage? 5

Who is transport disadvantaged? 6

What can you/your organisation do to improve transport for your clients? 6

Active Transport 7

Why increase active transport? 7

What does the evidence tell us? 7

Strategies to increase active transport 8

Case Studies 9

Other Successful Active Transport Case Studies 10

Active Transport Workplace Programs 11

Active Transport Tools and Resources 12

Organisational Policy 14

Why improve organisational policy 14


Strategies 14

Case Studies 15

Organisational Policy Resources 16

Land Use Planning 17

Why improve land use planning? 17


Strategies 18

Case Studies 19

Land Use Planning Tools and Resources 21

Transport & Gender / Safety Tools and Resources 23

Partnerships 24

Why develop partnerships for transport? 24


Strategies 25

Case Studies 26

Community Transport Resources 28

Inter-Town Networks Resources 29

Environmental / Sustainability Resources 29

Appendices / Further Reading and Resources 31



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Introduction

This document, Transport is Everyone’s Business: A Toolkit for Rural Businesses and

Agencies was jointly developed by Wellington Primary Care Partnership and Wellington

Shire Council.

The aim of the toolkit is to provide businesses, agencies, and local government

providers with practical information to increase the accessibility of their services to

people who are transport disadvantaged.

Access to services, resources, employment and community participation opportunities

is the right of all people living in the local government area of Wellington, wherever they

live within the Shire. Businesses and organisations should consider all components of

accessibility, including transport, in service planning and delivery; and offer practical

strategies to maximise access to services.

Enhancing the accessibility of your service by meeting the transport needs of your

clients may:

Reduce the number of ―missed‖ client appointments

Maximise staff time

Utilise your resources more effectively

Ensure your clients get the service they need, when they need it

Contribute to client and community wellbeing

Reduce negative impact on the environment

The toolkit may be applied in the development of strategies such as:

Childcare, preschool and primary schools, to increase the physical activity

(active transport) of their students and their families

Community service organisations using the guide to improve transport

accessibility when planning and scheduling services (e.g. scheduling services on

days/times which link in with local bus networks)

Businesses, to improve the physical activity of their employees and contributing

to improved health for all.

Land use planners developing land in ways to encourage physical activity and

social connectedness.

The toolkit also contains information, resources and templates, case studies and links

to local and international rural transport information.

We hope you find this toolkit relevant, practical and useful.



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Background

Why is transport a priority?

Transport plays a key role in the health and wellbeing of individuals and communities.

Research shows that transport disadvantage has a detrimental impact on individuals‘

ability to:

Obtain affordable food

Access required health and other services

Socially connect with their community ( which may result in isolation)

Pay food, energy and other essential bills1

Transport is a key aspect of service accessibility. People on low incomes experience a

comparatively more difficult time in accessing (health) services, with transport arguably

a significant contributing factor.

Enhancing the accessibility of your service by meeting the transport needs of your

clients may:

Meet your quality reporting requirements

Reduce the number of ―missed‖ client appointments

Maximise staff time

Utilise your resources more effectively

Ensure your clients get the service they need, when they need it

Contribute to client and community wellbeing

Reduce negative impacts on the environment

What is transport disadvantage?

Transport disadvantage is often identified as a barrier to people accessing services and

activities. Transport disadvantage includes lack of public and community transport, as

well as disadvantage due to the financial stress of maintaining vehicles for private

transport due to lack of public transport.

In Wellington Shire, 6% of dwellings have no motor vehicle, with a further 33% of

dwellings having one motor vehicle2. This suggests transport disadvantage is likely to

be experienced as difficulties associated with maintaining private transport (e.g.

1 NCOSS Transport Policy Advice Group, 2011, “An Effective and Equitable Transport System Election Kit” 2 Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011 Census Data



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financial stress related to the cost of car purchase; and ongoing costs including petrol,

insurance and maintenance).

Private motor vehicle transport can disproportionately impact upon the weekly budgets

of low income people. Information from the Victorian Coalition for People‘s Transport

indicates that ―car ownership costs consumers 13% of average incomes, but 28% of the

incomes of low income earners‖3.

Who is transport disadvantaged?

Young people

Families with young children

People with a disability

Women

Unemployed people

Those on low incomes

Senior citizens

People from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds

Indigenous people

People living in rural and remote areas

What can you / your organisation do to improve transport access for your

clients?

A list of evidence based strategies, case studies and resources are outlined in the

following pages for each of the key transport areas:

Active transport

Organisational policy

Land use planning

Partnering for good practice

3 Victorian Coalition for People’s Transport, The Place to be on PT: A Vision for Greater Melbourne’s 5



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Why increase active transport?

Increasing active transport such as walking and bike riding:

Improves physical health and reduces the risk of chronic disease

Promotes mental wellbeing through social connectedness

Relieves traffic congestion

Contributes to environmental conservation

Enhances the liveability of our towns

What does the evidence tell us?

The cost of physical inactivity

If more Australians were physically active for just 30 minutes a day—for example, by

participating in active transport—the Australian healthcare system could save $1.5bn a

year4.

―One of the greatest public health challenges in Australia is the obesity epidemic. The

prevalence of overweight and obesity has been steadily increasing over the past 30

years‖5

Physical inactivity is a major health problem in its own right. Disturbingly, about half of

Australian adults (54%) are not sufficiently physically active to gain health benefits.

Physical inactivity:

Costs the health budget an estimated $1.5bn a year and the economy $13bn a

year;6

Causes 16,000 premature deaths a year;7

Increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, colon and breast cancer

Is a critical factor in Australia‘s obesity epidemic, with more than half of all

Australian adults being overweight or obese.

Sourced from: An Australian Vision for active transport report, 2011, The Australian Local

Government Association, Bus Industry Confederation, Cycling Promotion Fund, National Heart

Foundation of Australia and International Association of Public Transport.

4 Australian Government, National Preventative Health Taskforce, 2009.

5 Australian Government, National Preventative Health Taskforce, 2009. Australia: the healthiest country by 2020,

Technical Report No 1, Obesity in Australia: a need for urgent action. 6 The Burden of Disease and Injury in Australia 2003, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2007.

7 Medibank Private, Econtech and KPMG, 2008. Cost of Physical Inactivity, 2nd Report.

Active Transport



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Strategies to increase active transport

Evidence based strategies / initiatives Additional information

Increasing physical activity for children

Installation of bicycle storage facilities in schools.

(Garrard et. al. 2009)

Garrard, J., Phd., Active Transport:

Children and Young People- An

Overview of Recent Evidence, 2009

Comprehensive approaches including:

Mapping of safe routes to school

Walk/bike to school days

A ―frequent rider miles‖ competition

Classroom education (safety training, health/ PA education, transport / environment education)

Walking school buses and bike trains

Newsletters and promotion in the community

A Timperio, J Salmon & K Ball,

Evidence-based strategies to

promote physical activity among

children, adolescents and young

adults: review and update, Centre

for Physical Activity & Nutrition

Research, School of Exercise and

Nutrition Sciences, Deakin

University, Australia

Ask what children want

Calm traffic

Close streets to through traffic (residential areas)

Invest in greater walking and cycling infrastructure

Planning walkability and transit oriented development (more child friendly)

Thomson, L., How times have

changed –Active Transport

Literature review, VicHealth, March

2009

Increasing physical activity in adults / general

Bicycle loan programs (e.g. staff ―bike pool‖ in addition

to a car pool).

Active Transport Adults: An

Overview of Recent Evidence

Improve access and safe bicycle parking at train

stations.

Active Transport Adults: An

Overview of Recent Evidence

Provide facilities such as bike racks, shower/change

facilities at your organisation.

“Double click” on image to open document



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Integrated, multi‐faceted strategies incorporating urban

planning and transportation infrastructure measures;

policies that treat walking and cycling as legitimate,

desirable and cost‐effective forms of transport; and

education, skills training and promotional programs.

(Sources: Pucher and Buehler 2008,

Krik et al 2009, Forsyth 2009,

Department of Transport 2009, 2009

‐ Victorian Cycling Strategy; Pucher

et al 2010 in press, in Garrard, 2009)

Networks of safe walking and cycling infrastructure and

facilities rather than spot treatments for designated

routes.

Educational and promotional programs that address

real and perceived barriers and supports (e.g. walkable

distances, relative travel times and costs, personal and

traffic safety).

Interventions aimed at changing current social norms of

travel behaviour in Australia (e.g. car use as the ‗default

setting‘ even for short trips).

Interventions targeting the multiple settings of daily life,

schools, workplaces, shopping centres, services and

communities.

Active Transport Case Studies

Ross (2007) provides a good example of how a whole community supports children

using active transport to get to and from school. Her study in Fife, Scotland indicated

that it was common practice for children in the middle years of childhood, to negotiate

school journeys independently. Even when parents had access to a car, active

transport was the preferred mode of getting to school.

Parents in this study placed a high priority on their child developing autonomy; they

viewed getting to and from school as a means through which children acquired

responsibility, developing time and risk management skills and independent decision

making. They were also aware of the social and health benefits of active transport.

School journeys were highly visible in the community, where the whole community

looked out for their children. It was acceptable practice within this community for

children to negotiate school journeys independently.



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Other Successful Active Transport Case Studies

Victoria Walks

http://www.victoriawalks.org.au/Case

_studies/

Various Case Studies from Australia and New

Zealand including:

Successful community advocacy for a safe

pedestrian crossing at a Melbourne roundabout

―Reclaim the Footpath‖ campaign

Advocacy for pedestrian crossing ―green man‖

Community gardens

Working with authorities

Lively Neighbourhoods – Inspirational

stories from Victoria‘s walking school

buses

http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Public

ations/Physical-Activity/Active-

transport/Lively-Neighbourhoods-

Inspirational-Stories-from-Victorias-

WSB.aspx

Various case studies on Walking School Buses and

other initiatives

Streets Ahead 2008-2011 Program

Evaluation Report

Pg 9-18

http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Public

ations/Physical-Activity/Active-

transport/Streets-Ahead-Evaluation-

Report-2008-2011.aspx

The aim of the Streets Ahead program, which

targeted children aged four to 12, was to create

supportive environments that increase children‘s

active travel and independent mobility in all aspects of

their local community life, not only to and from school.

The evaluation report provides a range of successful

case studies from:

Wodonga, Brimbank, Bendigo, Cardinia, Geelong,

and Darebin

http://www.victoriawalks.org.au/Case_studies/

http://www.victoriawalks.org.au/Case_studies/

http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Publications/Physical-Activity/Active-transport/Lively-Neighbourhoods-Inspirational-Stories-from-Victorias-WSB.aspx





http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Publications/Physical-Activity/Active-transport/Streets-Ahead-Evaluation-Report-2008-2011.aspx






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Active Transport- Workplace Programs

TravelSmart

http://www.travels

mart.gov.au/empl

oyers/case.html

Various Workplace case studies

from the UK, USA and Europe.

BASF - Ludwigshafen, Germany

Bellcore - Piscataway, USA

Boots - Nottingham, UK

Ford - Genk, Belgium

Educational Testing Service - Princeton, USA

CH2M Hill - Bellevue, USA

Nestle - Noisel, France

Landeskrankenhaus - Tulln, Austria

Rijnstate Hospital - Arnhem, Netherlands

Wolfords - Bregenz, Austria

Waterschap Veluwe - Appeldorn, Netherlands

A range of strategies were employed

by the workplaces involved including:

Promotion of carpooling-designated

carpool parking close to the factory

entrances, (working hours changed to

match schedules, better service

frequencies, more convenient routes)

Promotion of cycling through the

provision of bicycles for the company

worksite, and construction of onsite

cycle paths

Showers, change rooms etc...

Guaranteed ride home program

Free annual mechanical check.

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html



http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#basf

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#bellcore

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#boots

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#ford

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#educational

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#ch2m

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#nestle

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#lande

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#rijn

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#wolfords

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/case.html#waterschap



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Active Transport Tools and Resources

Title Overview Link

Company Bicycle Good ideas for enhancing

‗cycleability‘ from the ‗Thinking

Transport‘ website.

http://www.thinkingtransport.org.

au/content/cycling

Online Directory of

Walkability Action Groups

(WAGs)

Directory for WAGs walking

group in nearly every Local

Government Area.

http://www.victoriawalks.org.au/

Action_groups/

How to set up a

successful bike fleet

Toolkit

The purpose of this Toolkit is to

assist organisations that may be

considering the implementation

of a bike fleet. The Toolkit sets

out information and resources

on all aspects of developing,

implementing and evaluating a

bike fleet (archived).

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/to

olkits/bikefleets/index.html

Heart Foundation

Neighbourhood

Walkability Checklist

The Neighbourhood Walkability

Checklist is designed to help

individuals and groups to survey

their local walking environment.

It helps to identify the aspects of

the local environment that help

or hinder walking.

http://www.heartfoundation.org.a

u/SiteCollectionDocuments/HF

W-Walkability-Checklist.pdf

Promoting Physical

Activity - Ten

Recommendations from

the Heart Foundation

A position paper for people and

organisations planning to

develop and promote physical

activity programs. Prepared by

the National Physical Activity

Program Committee, National

Heart Foundation of Australia

(May 2001).


u/SiteCollectionDocuments/phys

ical-activity-promoting-

recommendations.pdf

An Australian Vision for

Active Transport: in

Australia

An Australian Vision for Active

Transport presents nine

recommendations to Australian


u/SiteCollectionDocuments/Activ

e-Vision-for-Active-Transport-

http://www.thinkingtransport.org.au/content/cycling

http://www.thinkingtransport.org.au/content/cycling

http://www.victoriawalks.org.au/Action_groups/

http://www.victoriawalks.org.au/Action_groups/

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/toolkits/bikefleets/index.html

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/toolkits/bikefleets/index.html

http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/HFW-Walkability-Checklist.pdf



http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/physical-activity-promoting-recommendations.pdf




http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Active-Vision-for-Active-Transport-Report.pdf





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Government, advocating for a

major commitment to driving

active transport.

Report.pdf

Active Transport for

Childcare Centres

Provides tips for Councils and

Childcare Centres to increase

physical activity of parents and

young children.

http://www.isf.uts.edu.au/publica

tions/active-transport-

childcare.pdf

Local Government and

Obesity Prevention – An

Evidence Resource

Provides evidence-based

summaries and

recommendations on:

• Interventions to prevent obesity in early years settings

• Tackling food security at the local government area level

• Changing the built environment to support physical activity

http://www.mccaugheycentre.uni

melb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_

file/0019/450334/local_gov_and

_obesity_prevention.pdf

Cost and Health Benefit

of Active Transport in

Queensland

The Institute for Sensible

Transport formed part of an

international consortium that

recently completed an economic

assessment of the benefits of

active transport. Commissioned

by the Queensland Government,

the report is amongst the most

comprehensive evaluations of

the health, transport and

environmental impacts of

walking and cycling.

Cost and health benefit of active

transport in Queensland - Stage

1 report - May 2011

Cost and health benefit of active

transport in Queensland - stage

2 report - September 2011

http://www.sensibletransport.org

.au/project/cost-and-health-

benefit-active-transport-

queensland

Overcoming Transport

Barriers: Checklist for

Practitioners and

Program Organisers

(McHugh, S., Wellington

Shire Council)

Provides practical tips and

suggestions for agencies to

consider in decision making and

program planning, to ensure that

local services and activities are

accessible to those most in

need.

www.wellingtonpcp.com.au


http://www.isf.uts.edu.au/publications/active-transport-childcare.pdf



http://www.mccaugheycentre.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/450334/local_gov_and_obesity_prevention.pdf




http://www.sensibletransport.org.au/project/cost-and-health-benefit-active-transport-queensland




http://www.wellingtonpcp.com.au/



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Why improve organisational policy?

Developing organisational policy to include transport and accessibility:

Improves accessibility of your services for all community members,

Meets quality guidelines (e.g. QICSA, Community Care Common Standards, Disability Standards)

Enhances the social connectedness of community members


Many quality standards require demonstration of accessibility in policy and practice.

Policy often guides the practice of organisations. Including transport as an element in

accessibility policy provides a critical layer in ensuring the accessibility of services to all.

Strategies


With respect to active transport, research policy and

practice should focus on:

Incorporating active transport into transportation

models and regional funding processes

More carefully crafting policy messages to a

practice audience—evidence for whom

Demonstrating a wider range of benefits and

outcomes, including economic ones.

Forsyth et al 2009 (in Garrard 2009)

Advocacy for public, political and media support for

policy change (e.g. reduced urban speed limits,

reversing subsidized car use, restrictions on car use

including parking provision).

Match policy arguments for active transport to

potentially differing and locally identified needs (e.g.

Garrard, J, 2009, ―Active Transport:

Children and Young People. An

Overview of Recent Evidence‖

VicHealth

Organisational Policy



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congestion reduction and community liveability may be

stronger arguments for active travel than health or

environmental concerns [Rose 1999; Forsyth et al

2009]).

Case Studies:

Transport Disadvantage

An effective and equitable transport system

election kit

Pg 20 & 27

Double-click to open object

Addresses transport disadvantage issues, and

provides case studies including:

―Access for disadvantaged people‖

―The Gap‖

Promoting Better Travel to Health Centres –

A toolkit

http://www.tfgm.com/Corporate/Documents/

HealthAndSupport/good_practice_guide_ja

n07.pdf

This guide from the North Manchester Primary

Care Trust and Transport for Greater Manchester

contains practical tips, useful information that will

help you promote environmental and transport

issues within your own health centre.

Canterbury Hospital Transport Access

Guide

http://www.swslhd.nsw.gov.au/cewd/venues

/Canterbury_TAG.pdf

This is an example of a Transport Access Guide

showing how to get to the Canterbury Hospital

using Active Transport.

http://www.tfgm.com/Corporate/Documents/HealthAndSupport/good_practice_guide_jan07.pdf



http://www.swslhd.nsw.gov.au/cewd/venues/Canterbury_TAG.pdf

http://www.swslhd.nsw.gov.au/cewd/venues/Canterbury_TAG.pdf



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Organisational Policy Resources

Title Overview Link

The relationship

between transport and

disadvantage in

Australia

Provides an understanding of how

transport and disadvantage intersect

and why some groups are

vulnerable to transport

disadvantage. A useful document

for policy-makers who plan and/or

deliver services to children and

families.

http://www.aifs.gov.au/cafca

/pubs/sheets/rs/rs4.pdf

Gender and Transport

Resource Guide

An easy resource guide to provide

useful materials on Gender and

Transport. An essential guide for

policy makers, practitioners and

researchers to build on their

knowledge and meet their targets.

Contains: Case Studies, Best

Practices, Training tools, Reports

http://www4.worldbank.org/a

fr/ssatp/Resources/HTML/G

ender-RG/

Disability Discrimination

Act (1992)

The Disability Discrimination Act of

1992. The legal document‘s

objectives surround the elimination

of discrimination against persons on

the ground of disability in a range of

areas.

http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/

legis/cth/consol_act/dda199

2264/

Health Impact

Assessment: A Practical

Guide

(University of New South

Wales – August 2007)

This guide seeks to incorporate a

deeper awareness of health,

wellbeing and equity into the work of

all sectors and aims to ensure that

planning projects, programs and

policies contribute to the health of

the community.

http://hiaconnect.edu.au/wp-

content/uploads/2012/05/He

alth_Impact_Assessment_A

_Practical_Guide.pdf

http://www.aifs.gov.au/cafca/pubs/sheets/rs/rs4.pdf

http://www.aifs.gov.au/cafca/pubs/sheets/rs/rs4.pdf

http://www4.worldbank.org/afr/ssatp/Resources/HTML/Gender-RG/



http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/dda1992264/



http://hiaconnect.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Health_Impact_Assessment_A_Practical_Guide.pdf






17

Why improve land use planning?

Increasing active transport such as walking and bike riding:

Improves physical health and reduces the risk of chronic disease,

Promotes mental wellbeing through social connectedness

Produces potential co-benefits

Contributes to environmental conservation,

Enhances the liveability of our towns.


There are clear links between the design of the built environment and its impact on the

number of people who use active forms of transport, such as walking and cycling, to get

to and from their destinations.

Australia is a car dependent society. Policies and planning to accommodate car use

consumes our built environment. A high level of car travel has serious consequences

for personal health and community wellbeing. ―Australians may be ‗building in‘ car

dependency into our children, making our problems worse in the future‖ (Australian

Greenhouse Office, quoted in Cregan 2003).

A need for healthy urban planning is becoming increasingly important. In Australia, the

annual, direct healthcare costs attributable to physical inactivity are about $400 million.

More than 8,000 deaths are associated with physical inactivity each year, representing

an estimated 77,000 premature potential years of life lost because of inactivity.

Engaging in regular physical activity reduces the risk of diseases such as

cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, osteoporosis, colon cancer, obesity and injury.

In addition, physical activity has been shown to alleviate depression and anxiety and

increase social interaction and integration (Bauman et al. 2002).

The top four environmental barriers to walking (in the ACT):

1. Poorly lit areas

2. No amenities in walking distance

3. Poor pavements

4. Nowhere to rest if needed

Land Use Planning



18

Strategies


Implementation of the Active Living principles, including:

Healthy spaces and places

o Active transport

o Aesthetics

o Connectivity

o Environments for all people

o Mixed density

o Mixed land use

o Parks and open space

o Safety and surveillance

o Social inclusion

o Supporting infrastructure

Bellis, N, Botha, J, Fenner, R,

Mews, G, Moroney, A, Moulis,

S, Neilson, C, Porter, Nicole,

Powell, F, Ruge, G, Sinclair, H,

Strang, P & Wright, K, 2012,

“Active Living impact checklist”,

National Heart Foundation of

Australia

Provide clear sight lines for safety and visibility for

pedestrians and cyclists

Ensure lighting meets the visibility needs of


Highlight crossing points

Provide clear orientation to places of interest for


Signage should be clear, concise and consistent

Signage should complement the overall

landscape/streetscape design

Ensure pedestrian and cycle paths are free from

obstructions (e.g. overgrown vegetation or fallen

branches)

Ensure equitable distribution of open space across

walkable neighbourhoods

Promote local active recreation using landscaping to

delineate routes and destinations

Locate paths away from potential hiding places and

entrapment spots

Provide trees for shade and aesthetics along access

Guide:


Australia (Victorian Division)

2004, Healthy by Design: a

planners’ guide to

environments for active living.


Australia (Victorian Division)

Matrix:

Healthy by Design matrix

Audit Tool:

Site assessment audit tool

http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Healthy-by-design-matrix.pdf

http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/ABD-HUE-Site-Audit-Tool.pdf



19


routes and places where people gather

Use low walls or transparent fencing along street

frontages and open space

Encourage development of built environments that

provide opportunities for physical activity and other

health-related activities

Continue to improve health outcomes for all

Australians through better designed built

environments

Raise awareness of the relationship between physical

activity and the built environment

Contribute to a national policy setting.

Healthy Spaces and places – a

national guide for planning,

designing and creating suitable

communities that encourage

healthy living

Land Use Planning Case Studies

Healthy Spaces and

Places website

http://www.healthyplaces.o

rg.au/site/casestudies.php?

task =list

Wide range of Australian case studies including:

Bendigo

Key Features:

Creating a pedestrian-friendly centre - Bendigo‘s CBD

Plan includes a suite of initiatives that combine to enhance

the quality of pedestrian experience and use of streets and

spaces within the city centre.

Creation of several new public spaces and nodes,

including Pall Mall Promenade - a broad walkway linking

Bendigo‘s fine public buildings and monuments along its

grand central boulevard.

Public realm improvements including underground

installation of electricity wires, street tree planting and

consistent footpaths.

Walk Bendigo program aimed at converting shopping

streets to a ‗shared space‘ regime - effectively pedestrian

spaces into which cars are allowed as subsidiary users,

using design psychology to achieve low speed and

negotiated sharing of space. Two sections of street are

http://www.healthyplaces.org.au/site/casestudies.php?task=list





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operational and others are programmed.

Adelaide

Key Features:

The Health in All Planning Officer position is funded for 3

years by the SA Department of Health on a full-time basis.

The Health in All Planning Officer position has created a

presence and an additional resource within the

Department of Planning and Local Government to

promote health in strategic and policy planning.

Is contributing to the improvement of the workforce

capacity within Planning and Health departments and

ability to communicate and collaborate on planning

matters.

Long term benefits of the role are likely to be a cultural

shift towards health and planning within the organisation

and systemic changes which incorporate a health focus

that endure beyond the role of the Health in All Planning

Officer.

Geelong:

Key Features:

New development the Walkability Toolkit should deliver:

More walkable subdivisions

Better connections between new subdivisions and their

surrounding environment

Better understanding of the factors that support walking

environments

Better understanding of the infrastructure required to

support walking

Better understanding of the factors that inhibit walking

Healthier people in new subdivisions

More people walking more often.



21

Land Use Planning Tools and Resources

Title Overview Link

Active Living Impact

Checklist

The Active Living impact checklist is a

useful tool to support design and

planning professionals to address

Active Living principles in their work.

The checklist promotes the key

principles of Active Living in a design

and planning context for the ACT

(developed in the Australian Capital

Territory).

http://www.heartfoundation.o

rg.au/SiteCollectionDocumen

ts/Active-Living-impact-

checklist.pdf

Design Kit for

residential sub

division, Baw Baw

Shire Council, March

2011.

Contains a series of information

sheets which are intended to provide

landowners, developers, planners

and designers with a clearer

understanding of Baw Baw Council‘s

requirements for new residential

development, and more specifically

subdivision.

http://www.bawbawshire.vic.

gov.au/files/d82df2d0-61d0-

442a-b27e-

9fb800c82e64/DesignKit_Ma

r2011_web[1].pdf

Healthy by Design: a

planner's guide to

environments for

active living (2004)

Healthy by Design

Matrix (2003)

Healthy by

Design (2006)

Planners‘ guide to environments for

active living

Accompanying Matrix

Accompanying Audit Tools

Healthy by Design

Healthy by Design matrix

Site assessment audit tool

Heart Foundation,

The Built Environment

and Walking –

Position Statement.

Provides information on improving the

walkability of neighbourhoods.

http://testing.heartfoundation.

org.au/SiteCollectionDocume

nts/Built-environment-

position-statement.pdf

Heart Foundation:

'Increasing density in

Australia: maximising

Evidence review of increasing

density.



nts/Increasing-density-in-

http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Active-Living-impact-checklist.pdf




http://www.bawbawshire.vic.gov.au/files/d82df2d0-61d0-442a-b27e-9fb800c82e64/DesignKit_Mar2011_web%5b1%5d.pdf





http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Healthy-by-Design.pdf



http://testing.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Built-environment-position-statement.pdf




http://testing.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Increasing-density-in-Australia-Evidence-Review-2012.pdf





22

the benefits and

minimising the harm –

Evidence Review‖

Australia-Evidence-Review-

2012.pdf

Healthy Spaces and

Places – A national

guide to designing

places for healthy

living: An Overview.

National guide to designing places for

healthy living: Provides an overview.



nts/HSP-An-overview.pdf

If Health Matters -

Integrating Public

Health Objectives in

Transportation

Planning

This report investigates various ways

that transportation planning decisions

affect public health and how planning

practices can better incorporate

public health objectives.

Todd Litman 6 December 2012

http://www.vtpi.org/health.pdf

Victoria Transport Policy

Institute

Health and Planning

Links –Healthy Places

An evidence base of Health and

Planning Links

June 2009

http://www.healthyplaces.org

.au/userfiles/file/Health%20a

nd%20Planning%20Researc

h.pdf

Victoria Transport

Policy Institute –

Evaluating

Accessibility for

Transportation

Planning: Measuring

People‘s Ability To

Reach Desired Goods

and Activities

(Litman,T.; 10

September 2012)

This paper discusses the concept of

accessibility and how it can be

incorporated in transport planning.

http://www.vtpi.org/access.pd

f



http://testing.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/HSP-An-overview.pdf



http://www.vtpi.org/health.pdf

http://www.healthyplaces.org.au/userfiles/file/Health%20and%20Planning%20Research.pdf




http://www.vtpi.org/access.pdf

http://www.vtpi.org/access.pdf



23

Transport & Gender / Safety Tools and Resources

Title Overview Link

Plan it safe kit An educational and practical tool for

improving women‘s safety in public

places. Provides a comprehensive

overview of a range of options and

strategies to promote safer public

places for women in your local area.

http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.a

u/swp/swp.nsf/pages/swp_toc

How to Ease a

Woman‘s Fear of

Transport

Environments: Case

Studies and Best

Practices

This study examines the issue of

women‘s safety on transit through a

comprehensive review of the

literature on the topic, in-depth

interviews with representatives of

national interest groups, a survey of

U.S. transit operators, and

presentation of case studies and best

practices from the U.S. and abroad.

http://www.thinkingtransport.o

rg.au/library/2010/01/how-

ease-women%E2%80%99s-

fear-transportation-

environments-case-studies-

and-best-practices

Women and

Community Safety

The resource book was developed in

response to requests from women‘s

groups and local governments in

Canada to working together to plan

for safer small, rural and/or isolated

communities.

http://www.saferfutures.org/p

df/Women_and_Community_

Safety_Manual.pdf

A place for everyone?

Gender equality and

urban planning

This paper looks at the barriers facing

local authorities, examines planning

levels, and recommends changes,

giving examples of good practice.

http://policy-

practice.oxfam.org.uk/publica

tions/a-place-for-everyone-

gender-equality-and-urban-

planning-111921

http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/swp/swp.nsf/pages/swp_toc

http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/swp/swp.nsf/pages/swp_toc

http://www.thinkingtransport.org.au/library/2010/01/how-ease-women%E2%80%99s-fear-transportation-environments-case-studies-and-best-practices






http://www.saferfutures.org/pdf/Women_and_Community_Safety_Manual.pdf



http://policy-practice.oxfam.org.uk/publications/a-place-for-everyone-gender-equality-and-urban-planning-111921







24

Why develop partnerships for transport?

Increasing partnerships for transport:

Leverages local knowledge

Maximises efficient use of resources

Relieves traffic congestion

Contributes to environmental conservation,

Enhances the liveability of our towns.


Partnerships are useful because:

Local transport and accessibility issues are complex, intersecting with many

sectors, levels of government and policy areas;

Low population densities and resource constraints in rural areas make innovation

and flexibility in local transport a necessity;

All rural areas are different, and strategies need to take into account local

problems and opportunities;

Effective delivery of projects often depends on the expertise or capacity of

multiple actors, from multiple sectors; and

• Due to their local legitimacy, they are well-placed to influence policy.

Sourced from: Wear, Mr Andrew (2006): Improving Local Transport Outcomes Through

Partnerships and Joined Up Government, in Proceedings, Government & Communities

in Partnership: From Theory to Practice, Melbourne Park, Victoria, Australia.

Partnerships



25

Strategies


Workplace strategies can include

carpooling, and included the following

actions.

A promotional campaign

A carpool matching service on the company's intranet

Breakfast meetings for possible carpoolers to meet one another

Financial incentives for carpoolers

Designated reserved parking spaces for carpoolers

Free annual vehicle mechanical check and special discounts for carpoolers at local garages

Guaranteed ride home for emergencies


Demand-responsive, door-to-door

transport service using partnerships

(e.g. community bus and a contract with

a commercial operator) with ―ownership‖

by the local community.

Refer to West Sligo Rural Transport case study

below.

Develop communication protocols which

specifically make reference to the ways

in which the contribution of the various

parties will be acknowledged in various

communication materials.

Wear, Mr Andrew (2006) Improving Local

Transport Outcomes Through Partnerships and

Joined Up Government, in Proceedings,

Government & Communities in Partnership: From

Theory to Practice




26

Partnerships Case Studies:

West Sligo Rural Transport Working Group, Ireland

Overall responsibility for transport in Ireland resides with the National Government. The

Irish Government has funded the Rural Transport Initiative since 2002. The initiative‘s

aim is to encourage ‗innovative community-based initiatives to provide transport

services in rural areas, with a view to addressing the issue of social exclusion in rural

Ireland, which is caused by lack of access to transport‘.

Initially operating on a pilot basis, the initiative is now funded on a permanent basis and

is now known as the Rural Transport Programme.

There are currently projects in virtually every county in the country. Projects provide a

mixture of transport services, from regular public transport, to fully demand-responsive

services. To do this, the projects contract services to others, operate their own vehicles,

coordinate car-share schemes or broker services with other organisations.

Sligo is a county in Ireland‘s North West. The Sligo LEADER Partnership Company

operates a range of development programs funded by European Union and the Irish

Government. The partnership has had in place a Local Transport Working Group since

1997. This group includes agency, public and private sector representation, disability

interest groups, community and voluntary organisations.

The working group‘s aim is ‗to create opportunities to enable those who are, or who are

at risk of becoming socially excluded as a consequence of their rural location or lack of

accessibility to transport provision to express and realise their full potential, guided by

principles of equity and fairness‘.

In 2003, the group‘s application to the Rural Transport Initiative was successful, and it

received funding of approximately €80,000 per year. From 2007, funding will expanded

and provided on an ongoing basis.

A significant achievement of the group has been to develop a household pick up

service which is bookable in advance and which is fully accessible. Passengers are

picked up and dropped off at their homes or can also meet the minibus at points along

the route. There are a range of services to link passengers with villages and towns in

the area, and these now carry more than 800 passengers per month



27

Nottinghamshire Rural Access to Services Partnership

In England, responsibility for transport resides with the central government, although

much responsibility for local planning and implementation is devolved to local

government.

The Rural Transport Partnership Scheme commenced operation in 1998. Through this

scheme the central government provided funding to community-based transport

initiatives in order to secure ‗a long term improvement in rural people‘s access to jobs,

services and social activities and which enhance visitors‘ access to the countryside.‘

The Rural Partnership Scheme concluded in 2006, and was largely subsumed by the

government‘s Accessibility Planning strategy. Local governments outside of London are

required to produce Local Transport Plans. ON the basis of these plans, central

government allocates money to each authority for the five year period of the plan.

As part of their plans for 2006-2011, authorities are required to include an accessibility

strategy. Based on a partnership approach, accessibility planning ‗aims to ensure that

there is a clearer, more systematic approach to identifying and tackling the barriers that

prevent people, especially those from disadvantaged areas, accessing the jobs and key

services that they need.‘

The Nottinghamshire Rural Access to Services Partnership (formally known as the

Nottingham Rural Transport Partnership) is based on Nottinghamshire in the East

Midlands area of England. It aims to work with parishes and rural communities on local

transport solutions.

Members of the partnership include the Rural Community Council (an independent

voluntary organisation), the Country Council, a district council, the Greater Nottingham

Partnership (which coordinates and facilitates the delivery of economic regeneration in

the area).

The partnership was originally funded by the Countryside Agency through its Rural

Transport Partnership Programme. This funding concluded in 2006, and the partnership

currently receives annual funding from a variety of sources. This funding covers a part

time officer for 2.5 days per week.

One of the many projects delivered by the partnership has been the Nottinghamshire

Wheels to Work scheme, which offers the leasing of a moped (at a notional rate) to

young people or the long term unemployed living within rural areas of Nottinghamshire

so that they can gain access to employment/education or training. More than 220 have

benefited since the scheme commenced in 2002.



28

Community Based Flexible Transport as a method for addressing community inclusion: developing and evaluating specialist DRT in Highland Scotland

The paper provides an overview of the T2E concept, analyses the effectiveness of the

service delivered, and provides an indication of its ability to achieve sustainable

operation. The paper also provides an overview of wider impacts, both positive and

negative, of implementing similar services on a wider basis.

http://stuff.mit.edu/afs/athena/course/11/11.951/oldstuff/albacete/Other_Documents/Eur

ope%20Transport%20Conference/local_public_transport/communitybased_fle1527.pdf

Community Transport Resources

Title Overview Link

Community Based

Flexible Transport as a

method for addressing

community inclusion:

developing and

evaluating specialist DRT

in Highland Scotland

The paper provides an

overview of the T2E concept,

analyses the effectiveness of

the service delivered, and

provides an indication of its

ability to achieve sustainable

operation. The paper also

provides an overview of wider

impacts, both positive and

negative, of implementing

similar services on a wider

basis.

http://stuff.mit.edu/afs/athena/c

ourse/11/11.951/oldstuff/albac

ete/Other_Documents/Europe

%20Transport%20Conference/

local_public_transport/commun

itybased_fle1527.pdf

Discussion on the

benefits of carpooling

The benefits of carpooling

can be found in the link

provided.

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/

employers/carpool.html

Queensland Community

Transport Toolbox

The Community Transport

Toolbox provides a practical,

hands-on reference point to

assess which transport

options are available. The

toolbox is designed for

individual workers, groups

and local councils to use

http://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/~/me

dia/Travelandtransport/Public

%20transport/Community%20b

ased%20transport/Pdf_commu

nity_based_transport_toolbox.

pdf

http://stuff.mit.edu/afs/athena/course/11/11.951/oldstuff/albacete/Other_Documents/Europe%20Transport%20Conference/local_public_transport/communitybased_fle1527.pdf








http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/carpool.html

http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/employers/carpool.html

http://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/~/media/Travelandtransport/Public%20transport/Community%20based%20transport/Pdf_community_based_transport_toolbox.pdf








29

when planning and

implementing transport

solutions in their own

communities.

Inter-town Networks Resources

Title Overview Link

Thinking Transport -

Social Inclusion

Principles for Transport

Engineers‘

Presentation by Victoria

Department of Transport Social

Transit Unit including a list of

practical ways the local

government can consult, design

and implement transport

networks with equal access in

mind. Social inclusion principles

for transport engineers included.

http://www.thinkingtransport.or

g.au/library/2010/05/social-

inclusion-principals-transport-

engineers-seminar-

presentations

Environmental / Sustainability Resources

Title Overview Link

Green Vehicle Guide The Green vehicle‘s guide is an

excellent resource from the

Australian Government for

selecting a vehicle that meets

your needs with optimum

efficiency.

http://www.greenvehicleguide.

gov.au/GVGPublicUI/home.as

px

Driving Smarter –

Fact Sheet

Changing your driving technique

in order to save money and

reduce its impact on the climate.

http://environmentvictoria.org.a

u/sites/default/files/userupload

s/How%20to%20drive%20sma

rter(1).pdf?phpMyAdmin=8%2

52CSW0pHXD5tewKNvRRFV

gHetb%252Ca

Top Ten Tips for Fuel Tips to help reduce fuel and http://www.environment.gov.au

http://www.thinkingtransport.org.au/library/2010/05/social-inclusion-principals-transport-engineers-seminar-presentations





http://www.greenvehicleguide.gov.au/GVGPublicUI/home.aspx



http://environmentvictoria.org.au/sites/default/files/useruploads/How%20to%20drive%20smarter(1).pdf?phpMyAdmin=8%252CSW0pHXD5tewKNvRRFVgHetb%252Ca






http://www.environment.gov.au/settlements/transport/fuelguide/tips.html



30

Efficient Driving money /settlements/transport/fuelguid

e/tips.html

Fuel Efficient Driving

Tips

Fuel efficient driving tips http://www.caradvice.com.au/1

1096/fuel-efficient-driving-tips-

from-the-taylors/



http://www.caradvice.com.au/11096/fuel-efficient-driving-tips-from-the-taylors/





31

Appendices / Further Reading and Resources

Transport Fact Sheets

Three fact sheets have been developed as appendices to this toolkit:

1. Transport is Everyone‘s Business: Facts to consider when planning services

2. Transport is Everyone‘s Business: Facts to consider when planning healthy and

accessible environments

3. Transport is Everyone‘s Business: Facts to consider when working together to

improve access to transport

The fact sheets can be accessed via www.wellingtonpcp.com.au

Further resources and readings for service planners

Rosier, K & McDonald, M, 2011, ―CAFCA Resource Sheet: The relationship between transport and disadvantage in Australia” Australian Institute of Family Studies, Australia Shilton, T., et. al., Promoting Physical Activity- Ten Recommendations from the Heart Foundation http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/physical-activity-promoting-recommendations.pdf VicHealth 2011, ―Streets Ahead – Supporting Children to get active in their neighbourhoods‖, Victorian Health Promotion Foundation, Melbourne. http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Publications/Physical-Activity/Active-transport/Streets-Ahead.aspx

Resources and further reading for developers and builders

Design Kit for residential sub division, Baw Baw Shire Council, March 2011. http://www.bawbawshire.vic.gov.au/files/d82df2d0-61d0-442a-b27e-9fb800c82e64/DesignKit_Mar2011_web[1].pdf Healthy by Design: a planner's guide to environments for active living (2004)

Healthy by design matrix (2003)

Healthy by Design Site assessment audit tool (2006)

Heart Foundation, The Built Environment and walking – Position statement. http://testing.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Built-environment-position-statement.pdf Heart Foundation: 'Increasing density in Australia: maximising the benefits and minimising the harm – Evidence review‖ http://testing.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Increasing-density-in-Australia-Evidence-Review-2012.pdf The Bikeability Toolkit http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/bikeability/index.html#brief

http://www.wellingtonpcp.com.au/



http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Publications/Physical-Activity/Active-transport/Streets-Ahead.aspx

http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Publications/Physical-Activity/Active-transport/Streets-Ahead.aspx



http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Healthy-by-Design.pdf







http://www.travelsmart.gov.au/bikeability/index.html#brief



32

Healthy Spaces and Places website: http://www.healthyplaces.org.au/site/ Healthy Spaces and Places – A national guide to designing places for healthy living: An Overview. http://testing.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/HSP-An-overview.pdf Shilton, T., et. al., Promoting Physical Activity- Ten Recommendations from the Heart

Foundation http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/physical-

activity-promoting-recommendations.pdf

An Australian Vision for Active Transport:

http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Active-Vision-for-Active-

Transport-Report.pdf

Acknowledgements

Wellington Primary Care Partnership and Wellington Shire Council would like to thank

Scope for their guidance in the development of the Transport Fact Sheets.

We welcome your feedback.

Have you found the toolkit useful?

Do you have any suggestions that could improve the document?

Feedback can be emailed to [email protected]

http://www.healthyplaces.org.au/site/







mailto:[email protected]



33