a systolic-array architecture for first-order 3-d
TRANSCRIPT
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Systolic array architecture enables real-time
implementation of 3-D IIR filters
Speed ->radio-frequency (RF) frame-rates
suitable building block for 3-D IIR digital filters
having beam- and cone-shaped pass bands
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This architecture is based on a differential-form
transfer function
low circuit complexity compared with the direct-
form architecture
A 3-D look-ahead (LA) form of the transfer
function is proposed for maximizing the speed of
the implementation
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It is a pipe network arrangement of processing
units called cells
It is a specialized form of parallel computing
A systolic array is composed of matrix-like rows
of data processing units (DPU)
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Systolic architecture can map high-level
computation into hardware structures.
Systolic system is easy to implement becauseof its regularity and easy to reconfigure.
Speed of operation increases due to parallel
processing.
Used in real time operations
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3D filters
Produce a 3D array of numbers when given a
3D input array considering a 3D linear system, the
output can be expressed as
Y(n1,n2,n3)=h(n1,n2,n3)*x(n1.n2,n3)
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Are categorized as recursive and non-recursive
filters
Recursive filters (Infinite Impulse Response (IIR))
the output is a weighted average of presentand past inputs as well as past outputs
Non-recursive filters (Finite Impulse response
(FIR)) output is a weighted average of present and
past inputs
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Systolic-array architectures for implementing 3-D
frequency- planar filters used as building blocks
for second-order and higher order
3-D IIR beam filter-banks
3-D IIR cone filter-banks.
They are used for filtering the 3-D ultrabroadband
spatio-temporal signals that are received at smart
antenna arrays.
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Normal 3-D IIR filter implementations, having a
throughput of one-sample per clock cycle
(OSPCC)
Systolic array based 3-D IIR filter having the muchhigher throughput of one frame per clock cycle
(OFPCC)
FRAME N1N2 set of data samples obtained at
each time sample
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PPCM is a three-input-three-output circuit capable
of computing the 3-D filter difference-equations
Each PPCM essentially implements in real time
for a particular spatial location
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Speed of operation increases
Less noisy
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3-D FIR and IIR filters used for the processing of
reconstructed 3-D images and in medical imaging
applications.
3-D broadband sensor-array-based beam formers
video signal processing
communication and navigation fields
Radar applications
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[1] H. L. P. Arjuna Madanayake, Len T. Bruton,A
Systolic-Array Architecture for First-Order 3-D
IIR Frequency-Planar Filters IEEE Transactions
On Circuits And Systems, Vol. 55, No. 6, July2008.
[2] S. V. Hum, H. L. P. A. Madanayake, and L. T.
Bruton ,UWB Beamforming Using 2-D Beam
Digital Filters IEEE Transactions On AntennasAnd Propagation, Vol. 57, No. 3, March 2009
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[3] T. K. Gunaratne and L. T. Bruton, "Beamforming
of broadband-bandpass plane waves using
polyphase 2D FIR trapezoidal filters", in the IEEE
Transactions on Circuits and Systems -I, RegularPapers, vol. 55, no. 3, April 2008, pp. 838 - 850.
[4] H. L. P. Arjuna Madanayake, Leonard T. Bruton,
" A Speed-optimized Systolic Array Processor
Architecture For Spatio-temporal 2-D IIRBroadband Beam Filters ", IEEE Transactions On
Circuits And Systemsi:Vol. 55, No. 7, August
2008
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[5]L. T. Bruton, A 3-D polyphase-DFT cone filter
bank for broad band plane wave filtering, in Proc.
IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Vancouver, 2004,
vol. 3, pp. 181184.
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