a sustainable approach to automotive modern...
TRANSCRIPT
AUTOMOTIVE REFINISH COATINGS
A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO
MODERN COATING TECHNOLOGY
A Sustainable Approach to Modern Coating Technology
Patcham FZC is a well-established manufacturer of specialty additives headquartered in the United Arab Emirates. Since its inception, Patcham has steadily grown into a leading supplier of specialty additives for the Paint & Coatings, Ink, PVC and Composite industries.
The company’s Pat-Add range of coating additives includes wetting & dispersing agents, defoamers, slip & leveling agents, rheology modifiers. Whilst keeping focus on environmental sustainability, the company produces products using green raw materials that are APEO free and have low or no VOC.
These products are multi functional and multi compatible, which simplifies the production process, reduces the chance of errors and minimizes inventory thus improving cost effective-ness.
Patcham has built a strong manufacturing and R&D infrastructure that enables the rapid transition from concept to products. The company has strategically located technical service laboratories, offices and representatives around the world to provide the most efficient customer service. In addition, a well-developed robust supply chain network enables it to deliver its products and services to customers around the globe with minimal lead-time.
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Contents
Introduction
Common issues and solutions for auto refinish systems
Performance of Pat-Add DA 1666 in auto refinish primers
Auto refinished base coats
High Molar Volume technology for resin minimal pigment
concentrates (Tinters)
Impact of HMV technology on pigment grinding
Multi Compatibility of HMV Technology
Ultra Charge Technology for superior performance
Pat-Add DA 1666 for effect pigment concentrates (Tinters)
Multi functional leveling additives for auto refinish systems
Pigment top coat / Clear coat system
Patcham's defoamer for auto refinish top coats and clear coats
Auto refinish system with Pat-Add additives
Body fillers and Putties
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Figure 1: Sequence of coating process in auto-refinish systems
Introduction
The automotive refinish segment has been a key growing sector in the automotive paint industry for more than two decades. Paints and coatings developed for the automotive industry are also the most demanding in terms of quality and aesthetic value desired by the end use customers. The high expectations and demands of the end user drives the car manufacturers and body shop owners to maintain a uniformly high quality, so as to avoid any paint defects that would eventually add cost through rework.
Patcham additives provide the tools to meet the requirements of automotive industries in terms of paint quality and productivity. Patcham has a full range of additives that address all the stringent needs of refinish industries.
Refinish products Resin systems
Polyester putty, Body filler
Epoxy primer
2K PU primer surfacer
1K Primer surfacer
1K Basecoat
Solid pigment concentrates
Effect pigment concentrates
Clear coat
Unsaturated polyester
Epoxy
Acrylic polyol
Thermoplastic acrylic
Polyester : Cellulose acetate butyrate : Melamine formaldehyde
Polyester, Universal grinding resins
Polyester polyol, Acrylic polyol
Acrylic polyol
Table 1: Auto refinish product portfolio and resin system
Paint and resin systems in auto refinish industry.
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Common issues and solutions for auto refinish systems
2K epoxy primer
2K PU primer surfacer
Solid pigment concentrates
Effect pigment concentrates
Base coat binder
2K PU Clear coat
Substrate wetting, craters, cissing, drying, settling, medium separation, floatation, viscosity pick up, gelation
Pigment loading,colour development, transparency, long term stability, settling, medium separation etc.,
Pigment loading, anti settling, long term stability
Separation, dewetting, flocculation, floatation
Dewetting, orangepeel, popping, surface defects like craters, sagging etc.
Table 2: Paint systems, issues and Pat-Add solutions
Multipurpose additive for dispersing, anti settling, deflocculating additive and long term stability. Reduces surface tension, improves substrate wetting, leveling, eliminates surface defects like craters, cissing, and dewetting.
Improved flow, leveling, gloss and no intercoat adhesion issues.
Patcham's High Molar Volume technology can efficiently disperse and stabilize all kind of carbon blacks, organic pigments and inorganic pigments.
Dispersing and anti settling property for effect pigment concentrates.
Improves wetting over primer, avoid surface defects. Improves orientation of effect pigments
Better compatibility gives best DOI, good gloss, improves wetting, levelling, eliminates surface defects. No negative impact on intercoat or recoat adhesion.
Fluoro modified leveling agent, most efficient surface tension reducer
Improved flow, leveling, gloss, maintain good good adhesion and does not affect intercoat adhesion
Polymeric defoamer for low pigment or non pigmented systems. Maintains good intercoat adhesion
Pat-AddDA 1666
Pat-AddLE 1020
Pat-AddFL 7
Pat-AddDA 932; Pat-AddDA 3204
Pat-AddDA 1666
Pat-AddLE 1010, Pat-AddLE 1020
Pat-AddLE 1020
Pat-AddLE 1019
Pat-Add LE 1477
Pat-Add FL 7
0.5 - 1.0Millbase/Letdown
0.1 - 0.5Letdown stage
0.1 - 0.5Letdown stage
On SOP2.0 - 5.0
(Wetting/soaking stage)
0.1 - 0.3Letdown stage
0.1 - 0.5
0.05- 0.2Letdown stage
0.1 - 0.3Letdown stage
0.1 - 0.5Letdown stage
Pat-Add AF 62
0.05 - 0.3Letdown stage
Coats Common issues AdvantagesPatcham additives
Dossage on total paint formulation (%)
* SOP : Solid of additive on pigment
On SOP (Grinding stage)White pigment : 1-5Low structured carbon black: 30 to 50High structured carbon black : 50 to 120Inorganic pigments : 10-20Organic Blue /Green : 40-60Organic Red/Violet/Yellow : 30-70
*
*
2
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Performance of Pat-Add DA 1666 in auto refinish primers
Pat-Add DA 1666 is a multi-functional and multi-compatible additive that helps in :
Primer surfacers provide adhesion to subsequent coats and protect the substrate, along with filling of the dents or smoothening an uneven surface. The formulations for surface primer are based on various types of pigments, fillers and extenders. Higher extender loadings help formulators to get good corrosion resistance and improved sanding properties that are desired for good quality and faster repair. It also helps to reduce the formulation cost and operating cost. If these extenders are not sufficiently wetted and dispersed, they re-agglomerate and settle over a period of time leading to hard settling.
Figure 2: Multi-functionality and multi-compatibility of Pat-Add DA 1666
Wetting anddispersing
Acrylicresin
Epoxy
AlkydOthercombinationsof resins
Compatibilizer
Anti-settlingagent
Anti-saggingagent
Dispersing heavy pigments like oxides and extenders such as barytes and zinc phosphate with anti-settling and anti-sagging properties.
Achieving good compatibility in PU, Epoxy, TPA and other combination resins used in automotive coatings.
Formulating general industrial top coats and primers
3
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Performance of Pat-Add DA 1666 in auto refinish primers
Table 3: Formulation of Epoxy zinc phosphate primer
Raw materials Weight (%) Part AAcrylic polyol
Butyl acetate
Organo clay thickener
Pat-Add DA 1666
Zinc phosphate
China clay
Barytes
Titanium dioxide
Epoxy resin
1% Patcat 3001 (DBTDL)
Butyl acetate
Xylene Total
Part B
Polyisocyanate hardener
24.00
5.00
0.30
0.70
3.00
16.50
22.00
15.00
0.50
1.00
5.00
7.00
100.00
10.00
Table 4: Formulation of 2K PU primer surfacer
Raw materials Weight (%)
Pat-Add DA 1666 Reference
Figure 3: After 3 months stability at room stabiity
4
Advantages of Pat-Add DA 1666
Anti settling- Pat-Add DA 1666 gives better anti settling in high pigmented primers even after 1 week oven stability @ 50°c and 3 months stability at room temperature. Refer Figure 3.
Part AEpoxy resin
Pat-Add DA 1666
Organo clay thickener
Titanium dioxideZinc phosphate
Barytes
Talc
Solvent C9
Butyl Cellosolve
Total
Part B
Polyamide hardener
33.00
0.50
0.50
8.00
8.00
12.00
16.50
13.50
8.00
100.00
10.00
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Performance of Pat-Add DA 1666 in auto refinish primers
Figure 7: Pat-Add DA 1666 adhesion and flexibility test results
Figure 4: Representation of better anti-sagging property in 2K PU primer with Pat-Add DA 1666
Anti sagging - Pat-Add DA 1666 also gives better anti sagging in Epoxy, PU, Alkyd and other solventborne paints and applications. See Figure 4
Multi compatible - Pigment affinic groups for the various types of pigments present in co-grinding systems prevents agglomeration and subsequently lowers the risk of pigment floatation. Post addition of DA 1666 can also solve flocculation issues in co-grinding systems. See Figure 5
Floatation issue Pat-Add DA 1666
Figure 5: Pat-Add DA 1666 solvesflocculation issues in co-grinding systems
Reference Pat-Add DA 1666
Figure 6: Salt spray (400 hrs) results of primer made with Pat-Add DA 1666 vs reference
Adhesion test1MM X 1MM
Flexibility testConical mandrel
Multifunctional and multi-compatible - Ease of mixing with solventborne epoxy, PU and alkyd facilitates anti-sagging, anti-settling and no medium separation after long term storage stability of paints. Pigment affinic groups allow easy anchoring to the pigment surface and form a strong association thereby supporting anti-corrosion property of the final paint. This is shown in Figure 6.
Sagging limit
Reference Pat-Add DA 1666
Sagging limit
WFT inmicrons
75 µm
100 µm
125 µm
150 µm
175 µm
200 µm
225 µm
250 µm
275 µm
300 µm
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Auto refinished base coats
Auto refinish basecoat colour formulations are provided in a database developed by the paint manufacturing companies for the automotive refinish market. Base coat for auto refinish is commonly divided into three categories:
• Solid base coat• Metallic base coat • Pearlescent base coat
The desired shade or colour is prepared in body shops on the spot by mixing base coat binder and pigment concentrates (also called as tinters) as per the color formulation. All the colorants, binders and primers are stored on tinting racks, as shown Figure 8.
The pigment concentrates are available in two types:
• Solid pigments - for solid basecoats• Effect pigments - for metallic for pearlescent basecoats
The basecoat provides color effects to the refinish system which is aided by an efficient dispersing and leveling agent that delivers the color and aesthetic appeal which attract customers.
Figure 8: Tinting rack for auto refinish coatings
Solid pigment concentrates Effect pigment concentrate
Figure 9: Types of pigment concentrates
Auto Refinish Tinting rack
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High Molar Volume technology for resin minimal pigment concentrates (Tinters)
Patcham offers a range of additives for formulating solventborne solid and effect pigment concentrates.
Patcham’s innovative High Molar Volume technology is a specially designed polymer with a higher volume per mass as compared to conventional high molecular weight dispersing agents. Its higher volume results in a thicker adsorbed layer around the pigments which increases resistance to attractive forces and hence leads to more stable pigment dispersions. Multiple anchoring groups and multi compatible polymeric chains make it most suitable for high structured carbon black, organic pigments and various resin systems.
Key features of High Molar Volume technology:
Dense network of anchoring groups provide best wetting of pigments
Contributes to optimum mill base viscosity and reduced milling time
High jetness and blue under tone
Provides excellent long term stability of pigment dispersions
Superior gloss and transparency
Raw materials PW 6 PY 42 PB 15:3
Table 5: Guide formulation for resin minimal pigment concentrates based on Pat-Add DA 932
Laropal® A-81 solution
Pat-Add DA 932
Pigment
Fumed silica
MPA/Xylene
Letdown
Laropal A-81 solution
MPA/Xylene
Total
25.00
18.00
20.00
-
15.00
9.00
13.00
100.00
20.00
3.50
65.00
0.20
6.00
-
5.30
100.00
20.00
8.20
54.00
0.80
10.00
3.00
4.00
100.00
36.00
15.50
19.00
-
11.00
10.00
8.50
100.00
Figure 10: Consistency of the pigment concentrates after 3 months stability at room temperature
Special Black 4 PY 74 PW 6 PR 101FW 200PB 15:3
Special black 4
Pat-Add DA 932 – High Molar Volume technology
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® ®
®
Save time
Save energy
Save $$$$
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Impact of HMV technology on pigment grinding
Current challenges in pigment grinding
Substantial energy and efforts are put in paint grinding process. This in turn has led to evolving better and efficient grinding machines and process technology to a certain extent. PATCHAM's HMV technology dispersing additives have proved to be helpful to save time, energy and cost for the customer.
Pigment loading - Making pigment concentrates with higher pigment loading and to get maximum performance in terms of colour development
Operating cost - Higher energy consumption and operating cost for grinding of pigments like high channel carbon blacks and organic pigments
Inventory hurdles - Multiple dispersing agents for carbon black, organic and inorganic pigments, multiple set of colorants for multiple resin systems
Stability – Hard settling, viscosity pick up, poor compatibility, flow and color development
Advantages of HMV technology in pigment grinding
Faster wetting mechanism for pigments with different morphologies
Optimum mill base viscosity enables higher pigment loading
Optimum mill base viscosity gives desired shear and flow properties
Less efforts for ginding reduces energy consumption
Reduced inventory, ease of processing and reduction in energy consumption contributes to lesser operating cost and increased profit.
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Impact of HMV technology on pigment grinding
Direct grinding of FW 200 carbon black optimum millbase viscosity and reduces grinding with Pat-Add DA 932 provides time
Influence of HMV technology on jetness and blue under tone
Figure 13: Higher jetness and bluer undertone with Pat-Add DA 932 vs reference in direct grinding formulations
Figure 14: Influence on jetness with time for Pat-Add DA 932 vs reference sample in direct grinding formulations
Figure 12: Fineness of paint vs grinding timeFigure 11: Viscosity of paint vs grinding time
FOG
, µm
Pat-Add DA 932 Reference25
20
15
10
5
030min 60min 90min 120min 180min
Pat-Add DA 932 Reference350300250200150100500
Initial 30min 60min 90min 120min 180min
Mass tone of 2K PU black vs reference in various grinding times
30 min
DA 932
DA 932
1 hour 90 min 120 min 180 min
Ref DA 932 RefRef DA
932 RefDA 932 Ref
290
285
280
275
270
265
260
Mc values of samples in various grinding time
Mc
valu
es
Initi
al
Afte
r
Initi
al
Pat-Add DA 932 Reference
Afte
r
Initi
al
Afte
r
Initi
al
Afte
r
Initi
al
Afte
r
NB: Higher Mc values indicates higher jetness NB: Positive dM values indicates bluer undertone
dM v
alue
s
dM values of samples in various grinding time
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
Initi
al
Afte
r
Initi
al
Afte
r
Initi
al
Afte
r
Initi
al
Afte
r
Initi
al
Afte
r
30 min 60 min 90 min 120 min 180 min30 min 60 min 90 min 120 min 180 min
Pat-Add DA 932 Reference
®
Visc
osity
in c
P
9
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Multi Compatibility of HMV Technology
Table 8: Direct grinding of FW 200 carbon black in thermoplastic resin (TPA) with and without CAB
Figure 15: Color development and gloss of FW 200 black dispersion in TPA with/without CAB
Pat-Add DA 932 Ref-1 Ref-2 Ref-3
Mill base With CAB
W/O CAB
With CAB
W/O CAB
With CAB
W/O CAB
With CAB
W/O CAB
Thermoplastic resin (TPA)
Organic clay
Dispersant
Pigment FW 200
TPA solvent (XYL/MEK/EA)
Letdown
Thermoplastic resin (TPA)
Pat-Add LE 1020
CAB 381-0.5 (25% Sol in BA)
TPA solvent (XYL/MEK/EA)
Total
Raw materials
®
®
®
Pat-Add DA 932 Ref - 1 Ref - 2 Ref - 3
Gloss of direct grinding of FW 200 black in TPA with CAB
8070605040302010
0
Pat-Add DA 932 Ref - 1 Ref - 2 Ref - 3
Color development of FW 200 black in TPA with CAB
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
L* b*
30.00
0.50
1.80
2.00
15.00
30.30
0.20
5.00
15.20
100.00
30.00
0.50
1.80
2.00
15.00
30.30
0.00
0.00
20.20
100.00
30.00
0.50
2.82
2.00
15.00
30.30
0.20
5.00
14.18
100.00
30.00
0.50
2.82
2.00
15.00
30.30
0.00
0.00
19.18
100.00
30.00
0.50
1.83
2.00
15.00
30.30
0.20
5.00
15.17
100.00
30.00
0.50
1.83
2.00
15.00
30.30
0.00
0.00
20.17
100.00
30.00
0.50
1.62
2.00
15.00
30.30
0.20
5.00
15.38
100.00
30.00
0.50
1.62
2.00
15.00
30.30
0.00
0.00
20.38
100.00
10
®
®
CIE
lab
valu
esG
loss
val
ue
20° 60°
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Multi compatibility of HMV technology
Table 9: Direct grinding of FW 200 in 2K PU system
Table 10: Direct grinding of PB 15:3 in 2K PU system
Results of direct grinding of FW 200 in 2K PU system
Acrylic polyol
Organic clay
Dispersant
Pigment FW 200
PU solvent
Letdown
Acrylic polyol
Pat-Add LE 1020
Patcat 3001 (1% Sol)
PU solvent
Total
Pat-Add DA 932
20.00
1.50
1.80
2.00
10.00
49.23
0.20
0.20
15.07
100.00
20.00
1.50
2.83
2.00
10.00
49.23
0.20
0.20
14.04
100.00
20.00
1.50
1.84
2.00
10.00
49.23
0.20
0.20
15.03
100.00
20.00
1.50
2.12
2.00
10.00
49.23
0.20
0.20
14.75
100.00
Acrylic polyol
Dispersant
PB 15:3
PU solvent
Letdown
Acrylic polyol
Pat-Add LE 1020
Patcat 3001 (1% Sol)
PU solvent
Total
Ref-1 Ref-2 Ref-3
12.00
2.87
4.50
10.00
57.23
0.30
0.20
12.90
100.00
12.00
4.50
4.50
10.00
57.23
0.30
0.20
11.27
100.00
12.00
2.93
4.50
10.00
57.23
0.30
0.20
12.84
100.00
12.00
3.37
4.50
10.00
57.23
0.30
0.20
12.40
100.00
Ref-1 Ref-2 Ref-3
Pat-Add DA 932
Raw materials
Raw materials
®
®
®
Figure 17: Color development of FW 200 black dispersion in 2K PU
®
L* and b* value of pigment FW 200 in 2K PU
L* b*
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
Pat-Add DA 932 Ref - 1 Ref - 2 Ref - 3
Color and transparency of PB 15:3 in 2K PU
25
20
15
10
5
0
Pat-Add DA 932 Ref - 1 Ref - 2 Ref - 3
b* Transparency
Figure 16: Color and transperancy of PB 15:3 in 2K PU
11
®
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Multi compatibility of HMV technology
Performance in organic pigments formulations
Raw materials
Laropal A-81 solution
Pat-Add DA 2650
Dispersant
Pigment
Aerosil
MPA/Xylene
Laropal® A-81 solution
MPA/Xylene
Total
27.00
0.50
15.50
10.00
-
20.35
6.30
20.35
100.00
27.00
0.50
24.28
10.00
-
20.35
6.30
11.57
100.00
27.00
0.50
15.83
10.00
-
20.35
6.30
20.02
100.00
27.00
0.50
14.00
10.00
-
20.35
6.30
21.85
100.00
36.37
0.50
15.40
19.00
-
10.74
9.39
8.60
100.00
36.37
0.50
24.00
19.00
-
10.74
9.39
0.00
100.00
36.37
0.50
15.70
19.00
-
10.74
9.39
8.30
100.00
36.37
0.50
13.90
19.00
-
10.74
9.39
10.10
100.00
RMPC Black FW 200 RMPC Blue PB 15:3
DA 932 Ref 1 Ref 2 Ref 3 DA 932 Ref 1 Ref 2 Ref 3
Transparency of RMPC blue PB 15:3
Ref - 1 Pat-Add DA 932 Ref - 2 Ref - 3
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0Acrylic polyol Epoxy TPA
®
b* value of FW 200
Ref - 1 Pat-Add DA 932 Ref - 2 Ref - 3
0.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.1
0-0.1-0.2-0.3
Acrylic polyol Epoxy TPA
L* value of FW 200
Ref - 1 Pat-Add DA 932 Ref - 2 Ref - 3
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0Acrylic polyol Epoxy TPA
Figure 18: Color development in acrylic, epoxy and TPA resin system
®
® ®
12
Table 11: Resin minimal pigment concentrate formulations
Figure 19: Bluer undertone of FW 200 RMPC letdown in acrylic, epoxy and TPA
Figure 20: Transparency of PB 15:3 RMPC let down in acrylic, epoxy and TPA resin
Tran
sper
ancy
, �E
L v
alue
s
b va
lues
*
*
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Advanced version of High Molar Volume technology. i.e. Ultra Charge Technology (UCT) for developing high performance resin free or resin minimal pigment concentrates used in high end or premium quality automotive OEM and refinish coatings, where superior jetness and transparency is required.
Key features of Ultra Charge High Molar Volume technology:
Pat-Add DA 3204 – Ultra Charge technology
Multiple poles of charges provide good adhesion of anchoring groups on the pigment surface
Strong anchoring to pigments with various geometry and porosity like organic, inorganic and difficult to grind carbon blacks
Minimal risk of desorption: Chances of desorption under adverse conditions only, such as strong diluted dispersions, strong solvents, inert pigments
® ®®
13
309
301
277
304
290
270
Raven 5000 Monarch 1300 FW200
Pat-Add DA 3204 Reference A
Performance of Pat-Add DA 3204 in High structured carbon blacks
Performance of Pat-Add DA 3204 in difficult to grind organic red and violetReduce risk of desorption and losing protection under adverse conditions, such as strong-diluted dispersions, strong solvents, inert pigments
Figure 22: Transparency of organic red and violet pigments in 2K PU direct grind system
Figure 21: Jetness improvement in popular high structue carbon blacks in 2K PU direct grind system
Ultra Charge Technology for superior performance
PR 122
Pat - Add DA 3204 Reference
PV 23
Pat - Add DA 3204 Reference
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Pat-Add DA 1666 for effect pigment concentrates (Tinters)
Pat-Add DA 1666 for effect pigment concentrate
Pat-Add for effect pigment concentrates
Pat-Add DA 1666 plays an important role in the preparation of effect pigment concentrates. It acts as wetting, dispersing, stabilizing and anti-settling agent. These characteristics help to impart excellent long term stability to the effect pigments. Pat-Add DA 1666 is unique in being able to stabilize different types of pigments and extenders, with excellent anti-settling, anti-sagging properties. It also acts as a compatibilizer to resolve floatation and flocculation issues. Owing to the multi functional properties of Pat-Add DA 1666 the additive can replace several conventional additives in the formulation and help reduce inventory with potential cost saving.
CAB 381.20 solution in BA (20%)
Polyamide wax solution (10%)
Polyester polyol
Melamine formaldehyde
Plasticizer
Pat-Add LE 1020
Xylene
Butyl acetate
Total
Basecoat clear binder
Raw materials Weight (%)
Raw materials Weight (%) Raw materials Weight (%)
50.00
10.00
10.001.50
1.50
0.20
19.80
7.00
100.00
Polyester polyol
Pearlescent effect pigment
Pat-Add DA 1666
Organo clay thickner (5%)
Xylene
Total
50.20
28.00
0.80
17.00
4.00
100.00
Pearlescent pigment concentratePearlescent pigment concentrate
Table 6: Pearl pigment concentrate Table 7: Colour formulation
Base coat binder
Pearlescent pigment concentrate
Resin minimal pigment concentrate based on Pat-Add DA 932
Total
88.812.31
8.88
100.00
Guide formulations
14
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Multi functional leveling additives for auto refinish systems
Figure 23: Advantages of Patcham surface modifiers
Best compatibility
Figure 24: Compatibility in epoxy and PU resin (0.3% additive in resin)
Pat-Add LE 1019 Reference Pat-Add LE 1019 Reference
Compatibility in epoxy resin Compatibility in acrylic resin
Multi compatible
Most effective surface tension reduction
Improved substrate wetting
Leveling and wet look
Best anti-cratering and eliminates surface defects
Improved slip properties
Improved orientation of effect pigments
No adverse impact on intercoat, recoat adhesion
Minimal foam stabilization
15
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Multi functional leveling additives for auto refinish systems
10
20
30
40
50
Blank 0.3% Pat-Add LE 1010
0.3% Pat-Add LE 1020
0.3% Pat-Add LE 1019
0.3% Pat-Add LE 1477
0.3% Pat-Add FL7
mN
/m
Improved flow, leveling and gloss
Pat-Add LE 1020 allows for surface tension reduction, improved substrate wetting and compatibility with different resins and helps with good flow, leveling, DOI and gloss of a coating.
Figure 29: Excellent gloss and DOI with Pat-Add leveling agents
16
Pat -Add LE 1477 Reference ReferencePat-Add FL 7
Surface tension reduction with Pat-Add surface modifiers
Surface tension (mN/m) 0.3% surface modifier in butyl acetate
Figure 27: Water contact angle of paint film made with Fluoro modified leveling agent
Figure 28: Water contact angle of paint film made with Polymeric leveling agent
Figure 26: Water contact angle of paint film made with Polysiloxane leveling agent
Figure 25: Surface tension (mN/m) of 0.3% surface modifier in butyl acetate
ReferencePat-Add LE 1020
Pat-Add surface modifiers efficiently reduce the surface tension of the coating to achieve excellent and smooth surfaces. The surface tension of the liquid paint with Pat-Add LEs are measured and recorded in Table. Water contact angle on the paint film shows higher contact angle for Pat-Add LEs than the reference samples. This implies that Patcham surface modifiers efficiently reduce the surface tension and hence the surface energy of the coatings. Higher value of water contact angle provides more water repellency and high performance to the coatings.
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Multi functional leveling additives for auto refinish systems
Improved orientation of effect pigments
Figure 30: Pat-Add LE 1020 influence on orientation of effect pigments (pour out test for base coat on transparent PVC sheets)
Figure 31: Pat-Add LE 1019, SL 1120 influence on orientation of various effect pigments
2K PU clear without additvie
2K PU clear with 0.3% Pat-Add LE 1019 Pat-Add SL- 1120
Effect pigments
Copper pigments
Aluminium pigments
Matting agents
17
The influence of Pat-Add leveling additives on the orientation of effect pigment is best explained by observing the surface tension changes in the drying of the film upon adding the leveling agent. If the leveling agent is not present there is a surface tension difference between the top & bottom layers of the coating film upon solvent evaporation, causing pigments & matting agent to be swirled around, leading to Benard Cell formation. Reducing the surface tension of the paint film to a point, such that the difference between the uppermost & the innermost layers of the coating film is not too drastic, results in a more uniform surface tension across the film and hence a more uniform layered effect pigment with less defects like mottling, spiking etc.
ReferencePat-Add LE 1020
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Multi functional leveling additives for auto refinish systems
No negative impact of polysiloxane based leveling agents onintercoat / recoat adhesion
No negative impact of fluoro modified leveling agents onintercoat / recoat adhesion
System of application: Substrate - Polypropylene1K Conductive primer with Pat-Add DA 932Base coat with Pat-Add LE 1020Clear coat with Pat-Add LE 10202 x 2 Adhesion of silver base coat +2K PU clear system
Figure 31: Intercoat adhesion of metallic base coat
Figure 32 : Intercoat adhesion of 2K PU Top coat system
Figure 33: Superior slip performance of Pat-Add SL 1120
0.29
0.28
0.27
0.26
0.25
0.24
0.23
0.22
Pat-Add SL 1120 Reference
Coefficient of friction
Pat-Add LE 1477 Reference
Non sanded Non sanded
Sanded Sanded0.2% 0.5% 1% 0.2% 0.5% 1%
Passes
Passes
Passes
Passes
Passes
Passes
Passes
Passes
Passes
Inferior
Inferior
Passes
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Improved slip properties with Pat-Add SL 1120
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Pigment top coat / Clear coat system
Substrate wetting, wetting of base over primer and clear coat over base coat
Flow and leveling and enhanced the wet look
Eliminate surface defects like craters, cissing, orange peel etc.
Provide excellent slip and mar resistance
No adverse effects such as intercoat or recoat adhesion
Good polishability
Patcham's LE series are a set of multi functional additives, with the following features:
Some of the best performing surface modifiers with the above characteristics for Auto refinish top coats and clear coats are:
Pat-Add LE 1020 - Solvent based surface modifier for effective surface tension reduction, improved substrate wetting and leveling along with slip properties
Pat-Add LE 1019 - Unique solvent free surface modifier suitable for solventborne, solvent free and waterborne formulations and provides dynamic surface tension reduction at very low dosage.
Pat-Add LE 1070 - Polymeric, silicon free leveling agent improving flow and leveling without any side effects. Helps to reduce short waves in clear and pigmented top coats. Gives best results when combined with other polysiloxane based leveling additives
Pat-Add FL 7 - Polymeric, silicon free polymeric leveling agent for best balance of flow, leveling and sag without any side effects on intercoat adhesion
Pat-Add SL 1120 - Gives superior slip performance and improves mar resistance
Pat-Add LE 1477 - Fluoro modified polyacrylate polymer, most efficient surface tension reducer, effective anti cratering additive suitable for plastic coatings and automotive coatings as well. It gives superior performance in surface tension reduction, anti cratering, leveling and wet look It has no adverse impact on intercoat/recoat adhesion of the paint film.
19
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Pat-Add LE 1020 - Solvent based surface modifier for effective surface tension reduction, improved substrate wetting and leveling along with slip properties
Pat-Add LE 1019 - Unique solvent free surface modifier suitable for solventborne, solvent free and waterborne formulations and provides dynamic surface tension reduction at very low dosage.
Pat-Add LE 1070 - Polymeric, silicon free leveling agent improving flow and leveling without any side effects. Helps to reduce short waves in clear and pigmented top coats. Gives best results when combined with other polysiloxane based leveling additives
Pat-Add FL 7 - Polymeric, silicon free polymeric leveling agent for best balance of flow, leveling and sag without any side effects on intercoat adhesion
Pat-Add SL 1120 - Gives superior slip performance and improves mar resistance
Pat-Add LE 1477 - Fluoro modified polyacrylate polymer, most efficient surface tension reducer, effective anti cratering additive suitable for plastic coatings and automotive coatings as well. It gives superior performance in surface tension reduction, anti cratering, leveling and wet look It has no adverse impact on intercoat/recoat adhesion of the paint film.
Raw materials Quantity (%)
Patcham's defoamer for auto refinish top coats and clear coats
Pat-Add AF 62 is a silicone free defoamer with fast defoaming properties. It supports level-ing additives in avoiding film defects by destroying the foam generated in mixing, filling at the manufacturer's end. It helps to eliminate errors during the filling in terms of erroneous volumes. It also destroys the foam generated during atomization of paint during spraying and also it supports faster deaeration of foam from the wet film.
Figure 34 : Ease of incorporation with no adverse impact in final film properties
Figure 35: Ladderized study of defoamer in 2K PU clear
Table 12: 2K PU clar coat formulation
2K PU clear coat
Part A
Acrylic polyol
Pat-Add LE 1019
Pat-Add LE 1070
Hindered amine light stabilizers
UV absorber
1% Patcat 3001 (DBTDL)
Pat-Add AF 62
PU solvent (BA : Xylene: MPA) (1:1:1)
Total
Part B
Aliphatic polyisocyanate
60.00
0.10
0.40
0.20
0.40
2.00
0.05
36.85
100.00
28.00
Glo
ss @
20
Deg
90888684828078
Blank 0.025 0.05 0.1 0.4
82
8887 87
88
Ladderized study in 2K PU clear
Dosage of Pat-ADD AF 62 in 2K PU clear (%)
Actual appearance after spray Adhesion test Flexibility test cone manorel
20
No adverse effect on gloss and clarity
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Substrate:- Plastic (ABS)Cleaned and wiped with IPA
Coat -1 Primer surfacer -- Air drying for 2 hrsCoat -2 Blue base coat -- Flash off 10 minCoat -3 2K PU clear coat -- Air drying overnight
Figure 36: Demo car painted with auto refinish system
Primed with primer surfacer
2K PU clear coat withPat-Add LE 1020 and Pat-Add AF 621K base coat blue with
Pat-Add DA 1666 and Pat-Add LE 1020
21
Auto refinish system with Pat-Add additives
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Body fillers and Putties
Repairing dents with Body fillers and Putties
Pat-Add DA 816, Pat-Add DA 1666 work as good wetting agents for such formulations. Pat-Add Rheol 253 gives the required rheology to the putty so that upon mixing with hardener and during application on a vertical substrate, unwanted side effects such as dripping and sagging can be avoided.For severe dents body filler is applied to fill the dent to make the surface even flat and ready for putty application. After the body filler application is complete, the putty is applied over it to seal and level the dent.Once the putty is dry and sanded, normal surfacer and base coat clear coat can be followed as per the desired colour.
Figure 37 : Putty application and sanding
Table 13: Guide formulation body filler and putty
Raw materials Body filler Putty
Unsaturated polyester resin
Organo clay
Styrene monomer
Fumed silica
Pat-Add DA 1666
Titanium dioxide
Micronised talc
Calcium magnesium carbonate
Calcium carbonate 240 mesh
Barium sulfate
Microspheres
Pat-Add Rheol 253
Total
32.00
0.00
3.70
0.30
0.50
3.00
25.00
0.00
24.00
7.00
4.00
0.50
100.00
39.00
0.50
2.70
0.30
0.50
3.00
30.00
15.00
8.50
0.00
0.00
0.50
100.00
22
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Repairing dents with Body fillers and Putties
Pat-Add DA 816, Pat-Add DA 1666 work as good wetting agents for such formulations. Pat-Add Rheol 253 gives the required rheology to the putty so that upon mixing with hardener and during application on a vertical substrate, unwanted side effects such as dripping and sagging can be avoided.For severe dents body filler is applied to fill the dent to make the surface even flat and ready for putty application. After the body filler application is complete, the putty is applied over it to seal and level the dent.Once the putty is dry and sanded, normal surfacer and base coat clear coat can be followed as per the desired colour.
Notes
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Notes
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www.patchamltd.com
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P.O. Box: 7753,Saif Zone, Sharjah, UAETel: +971-6-5570035Fax: +971-6-5570038Email: [email protected]
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The information given in this booklet is intended for technical guidance without obligation. Ver. 1.0