a study on labour welfare measures

A STUDY ON LABOUR WELFARE MEASURES IN

PONDICHERRY CO-OPERATIVE SUGAR MILLS

SUMMAR PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

P.RAMAN

REGISTER.NO. 27348332

Under the guidance of

Mrs. M. JANAKIRAMA, MBA., P.G.D.C.A.,

Faculty, Department of management studies

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

SRI MANAKULA VINAYAGAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY

PUDUCHERRY, INDIA

SEPTEMBER 2007

SRI MANAKULA VINAYAGAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

MADAGADIPET, PUDUCHERRY.

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This to certify that the project work entitled “ A STUDY ON LABOUR

WELFARE MEASURES IN PONDICHERRY CO-OP SUGAR MILLS,

PUDUCHERRY” is a bonafide work done by P.RAMAN [ REGISTER NO:

27348332 ] in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Master of

Business Administration by Pondicherry University during the academic year

2007 – 2008.

GUIDE HEAD OF

DEPARTMENT

Submitted for Viva-Voce Examination held on

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost we tank god for his blessings showered on us for completing

the project successfully.

I take this opportunity to express my deep senses of gratitude to

Mr.N.KESAVAN, chairman and Mr.M.GHANASEKARAN, Managing director &

S.V. SUGUMARAN, vice chairman, Sri Manakula vinayagar engineering college,

Madagadipet.

We gratefully acknowledge the kindness of Dr.V.S.K. Venkatachalapathy

principal Sri Manakula Vinayagar Engineering College, Madagadipet, for giving

me an opportunity to do the project work.

It is also our privilege to express our sincere thanks to Mr.VAITHILINGAM

Administrative officer for having given us an opportunity to do this project work in

their esteemed organization.

We are also bound to give our sincere thanks to our Mr.M. Jayakumar Head of

Department, Department of Management studies. Sri Manakula Vinayagar

Engineering College, Madagadipet for his benevolent and noble assistance in doing the

project.

We profoundly express our indelible indebtedness to Mrs.M. Janakirama

lecture Sri Manakula Vinayagar Engineering College, Madagadipet, who through

her immense knowledge greatly helped & guided us in this endeavour, she who was very

generous in suggesting improvements and supervising this work all through & her

constant interest and guidance helped us to complete this projects.

It is also our privilege to record our deep sense of gratitude to extend our grate

fullness to Mr.Gunasekar for his relentless & valuable guidance & suggestions to

complete this project.

Finally, we would like to thank our dear parents & family member’s and also

wish to thank each & every one of our faculties and our friends whose efforts and

support made this project success.

ABSTRACT

This project entitled “Labour welfare measures reference to Pondicherry co-op

sugar mill in Puducherry” is intended to determine the whether employees are really

satisfied with welfare measure, expectation of employees about welfare, work

environment of employees of the organization.

Primarily the well defined objectives are framed according to the study then

questionnaire is prepared based upon it directly. The prepared questionnaire is used to

get the response from the employees. The response given by the employees are analyzed

and interpret using different type of statistical tools such as percentage analysis,

correlation, weighted average method.

Majority of respondents satisfied with transport facility, medical facility, canteen

facility and technical tour programme.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF CHARTS

I INTRODUCTION

1.1 COMPANY PROFILE

1.2 ORGANISTION CHART

1.3 NEED FOR THE STUDY

1

2-6

7

8

II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 9-15

III OBEJECTIVES 16

IV RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 17-19

V DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 20-44

VI FINDINGS OF THE STUDY,

SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

45-46

47

VII CONCLUSION 48

VIII LIMITATIONS AND SCOPE FOR FURTHR STUDY 49 - 50

APPENDICES

ANNEXURE I

ANNEXURE II

51

52 - 55

LIST OF TABLES

Table no.

Name of the TablesPage no.

1 First aid facility and accident 20

2 Good ventilation facility and proper air conditional 21

3 Working environment and facility is safe 22

4 Canteen facility 23

5 House facility 24

6 Opening of respondents based on the based 25

7 Transport facility 26

8 Library facility 27

9 Drinking water 28

10 Guidance chart 29

11 Leave benefits 30

12 Ambulance a room 31

13 Technical tour programme 32

14 Bonus 33

15 Higher education in your organization for your children 34

16 Gratuity 35

17 Festival advance 36

18 Provident fund 37

19 Sports and game 38

20 Medical benefits to family members 39

21 Water supply 40

22 Suggestion box 41

23 Weighted average method 42

24 correlation 43-44

LIST OF CHARTS

Table no.

Name of the ChartsPage no.

1 First aid facility and accident 20

2 Good ventilation facility and proper air conditional 21

3 Working environment and facility is safe 22

4 Canteen facility 23

5 House facility 24

6 Opening of respondents based on the based 25

7 Transport facility 26

8 Library facility 27

9 Drinking water 28

10 Guidance chart 29

11 Leave benefits 30

12 Ambulance a room 31

13 Technical tour programme 32

14 Bonus 33

15 Higher education in your organization for your children 34

16 Gratuity 35

17 Festival advance 36

18 Provident fund 37

19 Sports and game 38

20 Medical benefits to family members 39

21 Water supply 40

22 Suggestion box 41

CHAPTER-I

INTRODUCTION

The efficiency of workers in the factory is directly linked with the congenial and

homely atmosphere prevailing in the work place. The royal commission emphasizing on

such facilities said “The provision of suitable washing facilities for employee are

desirable and, other facility must be desirable to all employees”.

In 1919 of the international labour organization was established to protect the welfare

of the work populace the world over. And in the early part of the 20 th century several

acts were enaced to safeguard the workers interest.

Definition:

The international labour organization defines “Labour welfare as the services,

facilities and amenities which may be established in or in the vicnity of undertaking to

enable person employed therein to perform their work in healthy and congenial

surroundings conductive to good health and high morales”.

1.1. COMPANY PROFILE

BRIEF NOTE ON THE PONDICHERRY CO-OP. SUGAR MILL LTD.,

ORIGINAL AND LOCATION

The pondicherry coop. sugar mill Ltd., was registered as coop. society under the

pondicherry coop. societies Act, 1976. it started its cruhing operation on 18.1.1984. the

mill is located in an area of 120 acres at lingareddipalayam in Mannadipet Commune

area.

AREA OF OPERATION

The area of operation of this mill is confined to part of Villianur, oulgaret and

Mannadipet commune Panchayats of Pondicherry region and the entire Vanur Taluk

except four villages and five villages in Kandamangalam Block of Villupuram Taluk and

villages of Marakkanam Block lying east to pondy-tindivanam, tindivanam-chennai

national highways.

MANAGEMENT

The management of the mill was vested with the committee of management

comprising 21 Directors including those nominated by the Government of pondicherry.

The term of office of the committee expired on 31.7.1989. since then, the mill is being

administered by the administrator appointed by the govt. of pondicherry

MEMBERSHIP OF THE MILL & PAID UP SHARE CAPITAL AS ON 31.03.2006

SI.NO. Members No.of sharesAmount invested

(in Rs)

A Government 1 45,40,75,000

BNon-producer

members46 13,50,000

C Producer members 12325 3,70,00,000

Total 49,24,25,000

TOTAL STRENGTH EMPLOYEES

A Regular 293

B Seasonal 429

C Total 722

THE CRUSING OPERATIONS

The normal duration of the crushing season is 180 days. Generally, the crushing

commences during the end of November and closes by may. The installed capacity of the

mills was 1250 TCD. Subsequently, machineries worth of Rs.3,63 crores were installed

in the year 1994-95 and the crushing capacity of the mills was increased to 1750 TCD.

To utilize the existing capacity in full, the mill requires around 2.6 lacs MTs of cane. The

required cane is developed in about 8000 acres of which only 40% is supplied from

pondicherry Region and remaining 60% of the required cane is supplied from Tamil

Nadu portion of cane command area.

MARKETING OF SUGAR

As the sugar is an essential commodity, govt. of India gives release order every

month depending upon the demend prevailing in the market. Ninety percent of sugar

produced can be sold in free market. The mill is obliged to release 10% of its production

under levy quota. As far as the sale of free market sugar is concerned, based upon our

request, the Tamil nadu coop. sugar Federation, Chennai conducts tender every day on

our behalf and finalise the for our sugar. In the case of by-products like molasses and

bagasse, the same are being disposed of through open tenders. The annual turnover of the

mill is around Rs.32,000 crores.

PERFORMANCE OF MILLS

Year Sugar

recovery/

average%

Cost of

productionR

s.

Average

realizatio

n Rs.

Cane

price

paid

Rs./

Mt

Profit

/loss

(Rs.in

lacs)

Accumulate

d loss Rs.

In lacs.

1994-95 9.18 1071.18 929.93 576 -200.63 -200.63

1995-96 9.16 1044.17 952.57 611 -117.66 -318.29

1996-97 8.74 1339.10 1071.40 751 -309.20 -627.49

1997-98 7.22 1535.58 1192.35 771 -295.00 -922.49

1998-99 7.03 1634.42 1233.67 757 -696.27 -1618.76

1999-00 7.76 1518.00 1206.00 777 -398.79 -2017.55

2000-01 8.66 1514.05 1258.58 814 -127.57 -2145.12

2001-02 9.00 1619.95 1286.26 832 -242.52 -2387.64

2002-03 9.60 1390.73 1105.60 860 -757.10 -3144.74

2003-04 9.80 1398.50 1160.67 940 -452.71 -3597.44

2004-05 9.72 1611.62 1460.59 1070 +358.79 -3238.65

2005-06 7.62 2253.66 1675.21 1141 -943.48 -4182.14

MAJOR REASONS FOR THE LOSS OF THE MILLS

As per Clause 3 of the sugar control order, 1966, the mill is bound to pay only

the statutory minimum price (SMP) for the cane supplied by the growers. Whereas the

mill has been paying very high cane price which includes state Advisory price and

Additional cane price as announced by the govt. of pondicherry. The additional financial

commitments to the mills on account of it work out to the extent of Rs.5, 00crores per

year.

As per section 2 of the payment of Bonus Act, 1965, the mill has to pay only the

minimum bonus to its eligible employees as the mill has been incurring loss

continuously. But, the mill has been paying Rs.14, 500/- as bonus and gift to all its

employees as per govt. orders. The additional commitment for the mill on account of it

works out to Rs.1.00 core per annum.

Another important reason for the loss during the year 2005-2006 is due to the

drawl of the cane from new Horizon sugar mills area. The area due to which the mill has

to crush young cane during early period and over aged cane during the end of crushing

period. In addition, excess rain fall during the north east monsoon as resulted in poor

recovery.

The sugar prices have been static for the last four years whereas there is

enormous increase in the cane price. The salary overheads of the mills work out to

25%against the optimum level of 16. at present, there are 722 employees and the annual

wage bill is around Rs.9.0 cores.

FUTURE PLANS:

1. High sucrose varieties of sugar cane are being introduced with stabilization of cane

command area to ensure adequate sugar cane supply.

2. It is proposed to go for expansion and modernization of the mills.

3. It is proposed to set up a 30KL/day Distillery unit in mill premises.

4. After expansion and modernization and stabilization of cane command area, the mill

can install co-generation plant also.

WELFARE ACTIVITIES

EMPLOYEES WELFARE

1. A canteen is run by the mills and food refreshments are being supplied at subsidized

rate.

2. Two school buses are being operated to the school going children of the employees

and ryots to pondicherry.

3. Mediclaim policy has been introduced from 30-3-2005 to all the employees.

4. PONCOS SCHOOL: for the welfare of the employees and the cane growers of the

mill, the management has started Kinder Garden School during the year 1989.

Subsequently, during the year 1991, 1st standard was started increasing higher

standards every year and during the year 1996 reached the standard of high school

level. From the year 1996, the school achieved 100% result in 10th standard

continuously. The total strength of the school at present is 1500 and staff strength is

36. it is proposed to upgrade the present high school to higher secondary school from

the next academic year i.e 2007-2008. a new school building is being constructed at

an estimated cost of Rupees 4.5 cores.

5. COLLEGE:

It is proposed to establish a polytechnic college by the mills to provide the technical

education to the young students of rural areas.

THE PONDICHERRY CO-OP.SUGAR MILLS LTD LINGAREDDIPALAYAM

1.2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

DIAGRAM

Need for study

ADMINISTRATOR

MANAGING DIRECTOR

ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER(ADMINISTRATION)

CONTROLLER OF FINANCE(ACCOUNTS)

CHIEF CANE OFFICER(CANE)

FACTORYMANAGER(ENGINEERING)

CHIEFCHEMIST(MANUFACTURING

1.ESTABLISHING2PURCHASE

1.GENERAL2.BUDGET3.INTAUDIT4.EDP5.CANE ACCTS6.SALES&GODOWN

1.CANE SUPPLY2.REASERCH&DEVELOPMENT3.CANE FARM4.PARASITE 5.BREEDING6.DIVISIONALOFFICERS

1.MILL2.BOILER3.BOILING4.WORKSHOP5.ELECTRICAL6.FACTORY STORIES7.GUEST HOUSECIVIL SECTIONPROJECT ENGINEERING

1.EVAPRATION2.SULPHITATION3.CLARIFICATION4.PAN BOILING5.CENTRIFUGAL6.DRIER HALL7.LABRATORY

Of the 5 m’s management man, machine, material, methods, and money, out of

these resources manpower is can asset to the organization. It also called knowledge

capital or knowledge resources. As the management Guru Peter F. Drucker rightly says

“knowledge is the only meaningful resource today” for access to other resources is no

longer, limited. Capital flows freely a cross borders, seeking out the company that need

it. Technology is available to the CEO’s who cannot grow it- for the right price raw

material is free to be transported across the globe. Information is also available to

everyone. Today the human resources is very demanding and they look at jobs to test

their own knowledge, organization are also realizing the importance of people resources

in this liberalized, Globalize & privatized economy.

Lab our welfare can be statistically proved is directly co-related to customer

satisfaction. Every organization should determine whether the employees working are

satisfied with the facility provided by organization. This is the need of the hour because

satisfied employees will ensure satisfied customers.

In order to make them happy, feel satisfied and retain them, organization plan

retention strategies. To make this possible one has to determine what the present

employees perceived satisfaction used towards the labour welfare. The survey on

employee satisfaction win help the organization to evaluate its return on investment in

the important area like lab our welfare measures.

CHAPTER-II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Since 1997, the government has pursued a number of inter-related policies aimed

at reforming the welfare system for people of working age getting more people into work

and reducing poverty. Joseph Rowntree Foundation research had identified many of the

needs of targeted groups and the Foundation has been involved in commenting on reform

plans and tracking progress

This Foundations written by Donald Hirsh with Jane Millar is a round-up of

what JRF (Joseph Rowntree Foundation) has had to say about Welfare reform and related

issues since the later 1990’s and provides and assessment of the progress made

Welfare programs have evolved over time and have been replaced as successive

governments have perceived different needs. The recrity the major reviews is somewhat

surprising given the long entity of the major programs. The old age and invalid pensions

originating in 1908 and the unemployment and sickness benefits payments in 1944.

1980- The Social Security Review commences form 1986:-

The social Security Review was established in February 1986 by the them

minister for social security the Hon. Brian Howe, MP. The review was founded for two

years and was commissioned to develop as long-term perspective on priorities and where

needed new directions for income security focusing on three main areas:-

Income support for families with children

Social security and workforce issue

Income support for the aged.

New labours welfare reform agenda in the workbarist shift of recent social

policy. In this context explores the aim of new Labour’s welfare reform programme to

reconstitute the reserve army of Labour. So that its is able to fulfil its role in managing

economic stability. The emphasis is upon ensuring that Labour is as cheap as possible for

capital to employees through various directly and indirectly wage subsidies and requiring

work benefits dependent groups to compete for paid employment.

Professor Peter Saunders 2003

There are several reasons for trying to reduce welfare dependency rates and

return more people to economic self-reliance. There are two much stronger reasons for

radical reform.

One is that income support is now costing taxpayers $80 billion per year. This

expense is a key factor keeping taxes high, even on workers with modest incomes with

the result that work incentives and rewards for effort get eroded indeed, we are chasing

our tails for as we increase taxation to meet the growing cost of income support

payments, so it becomes less attractive to work, and more people

seek welfare as an alternative.

The second reason is that long periods on welfare corrode people’s work skills,

destroy their habit of self-reliance and undermine their wellbeing. Children raised in

welfare-dependent families perform worse than they should in school, are more likely to

end up in trouble with the law, and have a higher probability of winding up of benefits

themselves. In short having one in six of our working-age adults depending on benefits as

their main or sole source of income is bad for those who have to support them and is bad

for the simultaneously on three fronts

Arun Monappa, “Industrial relations”, Tata Mc .Graw Hill Publishing company

Ltd.,

In India, the foundation of modern industry was laid between 1850 and 1970.

This was also the period of emergence of the Indian working class. During this period of

the growth of India capitalist enterprises, the working and living conditions of the lab our

were very poor, and their working hours were long. This was testified by the commission

like Indian factory lab our commission (1980) and the Royal commission of lab our

(1931). In addition to the long working, their wages were low and the general economic

condition was poor in industry. In order to regulate the working hours and other services

condition of Indian textile laborers, the Indian factories act was enacted in India

A.M.sharma “Aspects of lab our welfare and social security”, Himalayas

publishing house, Bombay

The necessity of lab our welfare is felt all the more in our country because of its

developing economy aimed at rapid economic and social development. Royal

commission on lab our stated the benefits which go under this nomenclature, are of great

importance to the workers and which he is unable to secure by himself. The scheme of

labour welfare may be regarded as a wise investment, which should and usually does

bring a profitable return in the form of greater efficiency

C.B.Mamoria and S.Mamoria-“dynamics of industrial relations in India “ himalaya

publishing house, Bombay

Twenty years later the planning commission also realized the importance of lab

our welfare, when it observed that. In order to get the best out of a worker in the matter

of production, working conditions require to be improved to a large extent. The workers

should at least have the means and facilities to keep himself in a state of health and

efficiency. This is primarily a question of adequate nutrition and suitable housing

conditions. The working conditions should be such as to safeguard his health and protect

him against occupational hazard. The work place should provide reasonable amenities

for his essential needs. The worker should also be equipped with necessary technical

training and a certain level of general education.

The concept of lab our welfare is flexible and elastic and differs widely with

times, regions, industry, country, customs and degree of industrialization prevailing

at particular moments. Few of these definitions are as follows;

‘k.k.Ahua-industrial relations theory and practice’ kalyani publishers ladhiana

The oxford dictionary defines lab our welfare as “effort to make life worth living

for workmen”. Encyclopedia of social sciences defines welfare work as “voluntary

efforts of the employer to establish, within the existing industrial system working and

sometimes living and cultural condition of the employers beyond what is required by

law, the customs of the country and conditions of the market”. Lab our welfare is,

therefore, one of the major aspects of national programmes towards improving the lot of

lab our and creating a life and work environment of decent comfort for this class of

society.

Tripathi, “personnel management &practice” sultan chand and sons-new Delhi

It is however, difficult to precisely define the scope of lab our welfare efforts.

Different writer have defined it in different ways. Some writers say that only voluntary

efforts on the part of employer to improve the conditions of employment in their factory.

Some others say it includes not only voluntary efforts but also the minimum standards of

hygiene and safety laid down in general legislation.

WELFARE AND GOVERNMENT OF INDIA:(OR) LABOUR WELFARE

IN INDIA:

The need for lab our welfare was strongly felt by royal commission on lab our as far

back as 1931. The chapters on directive principles of state policy in our constitution

express the need for labours welfare in the following articles;

Article 41:

The state shall within the limits of its economic capacity and development, make

effective provision for securing the right to work, to educate and to publish assistance in

work, to educate and to publish assistance in case of unemployment, old age, sickness,

disablement and other cases of under-served wants.

Article 42:

The state shall make provision for securing just and human conditions of work

and for maternity relief.

Article 43:

The state shall endeavor to secure, by suitable legislation or economic

organization or in any other way, to all workers, agricultural, industrial or otherwise,

work , a living wage, condition of work ensuring a decent standard of life and full

employment of leisure and social and cultural opportunities and in particular, the state

shall endeavor to promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operative in rural

areas.

K.K.Ahuja-“industrial Relations Theory &Practice” Kalyani

Publishers Lodhiana

The state take steps by suitable legislation or in any other way to secure

participation of workers in the development of undertakings, establishments or other

organization engaged in any industry

Types of labour welfare services:

Tripathi. “Personnel Management &Industrial Relation”, sultan chand &sons-new

delhi

ILO (international labour organization), classify all labour welfare services

under two categories, viz, intramural and extramural. Intramural services are those,

which are provided within factory. Extramural services are those, which are provided

outside the factory.

Intra-mural Extra-mural

1.drinking water

2.toilets

3.occupation safety

4.canteen

1. Social insurance (gratuity, pension,

provident fund etc.)

2.housing facility

3.recreation facility

IMPORTANCE OF WELFARE MEASURES;

The usefulness of welfare work in India cannot be over emphasized. Welfare

activities influence the sentiments of the workers. When the workers feel that the

employers and the state are interested in their happiness, his tendency to grouse and

grumble will steadily disappear. The development of such a feeling, paves the way for

industrial peace.

Mainly, the provisions welfare measures such as good housing, canteen,

medical etc. makes them realize that they have also some stake in the undertaking in

which are engaged and so they think thrice before taking any reckless actions which

might prejudice the interest of the undertaking.

Welfare measures such as cheap food in canteen, free medical and education

facilities etc. indirectly the real income of the workers. If workers go on strike they will

be deprived of all these facilities. Hence, they try to avoid industrial dispute as far as

possible and do not go on strike on flimsy grounds.

Welfare activities will reduce lab our turnover and absenteeism and create

permanent settled lab our force by making service attraction to the lab our. Welfare

activities will go on long way to better the mental and moral health of the workers by

reducing the incidence of industrialization

.

Lab our welfare measures develop congenial environment, and builds a good

atmosphere between the lab our and the management.

Lab our welfare creates positive work culture, builds team work to meet the

challenges of the organization and increase efficiency for the workers whereby the

productivity will increase.

Skilled workers are the assets of an organization. Lab our welfare helps to retain the

skilled workers and builds loyalty and sense of belongingness among them.

Employees attitudes and appreciation towards the organization, will progress

the unit. Good relation can be achieved through labour welfare. This will strengthen the

organization manifold.

Labour welfare is one of the way in which the labour problems are solved.

Labour welfare act as a main spring for the success of an organization.

Labour welfare provides economic security to employees. Amenities such as

pension, provident fund, insurance etc. will increase the sense of security in them and

promote employment stabilization.

Above all labour welfare helps the organization from heavy tax-burden, and to

meet legal requirements.

CAPTER-III

OBJECTIVES

Primary objectives

To find out labour welfare measures at Pondicherry co-

op sugar mills.

Secondary objectives

To study whether employees are really Satisfied on an available welfare

measures

To study the role of welfare measures in Improving productivity of the

employees

To examine the effectives of welfare measures

To study expectation of employees about the welfare measures

To study about the work environment of employees of the organization

CAPTER-IV

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Definition:

For the present study descriptive research is adopted. A descriptive research is

one, which portrays accurately the characteristics of a particular group, situation, or

individual ( with or without specific initial hypothesis about the nature of their

characteristics)

The method of random sampling has been adopted for the purpose of getting the

required sample frame and this has been done by selecting staff and workers of various

department in a random manner. So that the data collected will bring out the varied

opinions with regard to employee satisfaction at Pondicherry Co-operative Sugar Mills

Ltd.

Data sources

Different kinds of internal sources like employees, human resources

information’s company profile and brochures had helped as to collect internal data.

External sources had helped a lot like magazines like business today, business world,

newspapers like business line, the economic times and subject books like human

resources management, personnel management, organizational behavior, research

methodology

-primary data has been collected through questionnaire

-Secondary data collected in the form of internal sources and external sources.

Inter sources-company profile employees.

External sources-news paper, magazines business today etc.

Research approach:

The survey approach was used to administer the questionnaire to the target

respondents. The respondents were contacted through personal interview method. The

responses were filled by the interviewer in some cases through face to face method while

in some cases interviewee themselves filled the survey form.

Research instrument:

A structured questionnaire has been of closed ended questions & employee

perception ratings. Some times questionnaire was distributed to staff & employees and

some times it was used as a schedule and data was collected by us.

Sampling plan:

-sample size 75 respondents

-sample unit- technicians, operation, shift engineers, chemists of various departments,

supervisors, stores assistant and securities pondicherry co-op sugar mills.

Statistical tools:

For this study I have used percentage analysis, correlation & weighted average method,

graphical representation of data using Bar charts.

Percent analysis:

In this project percentage method test is used. It can be calculated in the following way.

Percentage of respondents=No. of respondents /total no. of respondent * 100

Weighted average method

Weighted average can be defined as an average whose components aggregate of the

products are divided by the total of weights. One of the imitations of simple arithmetic

mean is that it gives equal importance to all the items of the distribution. In certain cases

relative importance of all the items in the distribution is not the same where the

importance of the items varies. It is essential to allocate weight applied but may vary in

different cases. Thus weight age is a number standing for the relative importance of

items.

CORRELATION

In probability theory and statistics, correlation, also called correlation co-efficient,

indicates the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables. In

general statistical as age correlation (or) co-relation to the departure of two variables.

Formula

R=∑XY /√∑X2.Y2

Place of the study :

PONDICHERRY CO-OP SUGAR MILLS LINGAREDDIPALAYAM, PUDUCHERRY.

Period of the study:

09-08-2007 to 07-09-2007

After preparing the questionnaire it was given to the management. It was

scrutinized by management and debugged.

A pilot study was conducted and the final questionnaire for the study was

The collected data were analyzed by scrutinizing and editing the collected

questionnaire and graphical representation have also been made.

CHAPTER-V

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

TABLE-6.1

FIRST AID FACILITY AND ACCIDENT

Source: Primary data

INFERENCE:

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with first

aid facility and accident provided by company. It is seen that only 29% of the

respondents have shown a highly satisfied, 58.7% of the respondents have shown a

satisfied, 6.7% of the respondents have given their neutral opinion & 5.3% of

respondents have shown dissatisfied.

CHART-6.1

TABLE-6.2

Good ventilation facility and proper air conditional

No. of respondents Percent

Highly satisfied 2229.3

Satisfied 44 58.7

Neutral5 6.7

Dissatisfied4

5.3

Total 75 100


Highly satisfied 19 25.3

Satisfied 44 58.7

Neutral 7 9.3

Dissatisfied 5 6.7

Total 75 100


INFERENCE:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with good

ventilation facility and proper air conditional provided by the company. It seen that only

25% of the respondents have shown a highly satisfied, 58.7% of the respondents have

shown satisfied, 9.3% of the respondents have given their neutral opinion & 6.7% of the


CHART-6.2

TABLE-6.3

Working environment and facility is safe


Inference:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with

working environment and facility is safe provided by the company. It seen that only

25.3% of the respondents have shown a highly satisfied, 49.3%% of the respondents

have shown satisfied, 14.7% of the respondents have given their neutral opinion &

10.7% of the respondents have shown dissatisfied.

CHART-6.3

TABLE-6.4

CANTEEN FACILITY




Satisfied 37 49.3

Neutral 11 14.7

Dissatisfied 8 10.7

Total 75 100


Satisfied 44 58.7

Neutral 5 6.7

Dissatisfied 9 12.0

Total 75 100


INFERENCE:-


canteen facility provided by the company. It seen that only 22.7% of the respondents

have shown a highly satisfied, 58.7%% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 6.7% of

the respondents have given their neutral opinion & 12% of the respondents have shown

dissatisfied.

CHART-6.4

TABLE-6.5

HOUSE FACILITY



Satisfied 40 53.3

Neutral 5 6.7

Dissatisfied 6 8.0

Total 75 100

Inference:-


housing facility provided by the company. It seen that only 32% of the respondents have

shown a highly satisfied, 53.3% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 6.7% of the

respondents have given their neutral opinion & 8% of the respondents have shown

dissatisfied.

CHART -6.5

TABLE-6.6

Opening of respondents based on the facility at time maternity benefits


Highly satisfied 18 24.0Satisfied 25 33.3

Neutral 28 37.3

Dissatisfied 4 5.3

Total 75 100

Inference:- Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with

offered

by the

company at the time maternity benefits provided by the company. It seen that only 24%

of the respondents have shown a highly satisfied, 33.3% of the respondents have shown

satisfied, 37.3% of the respondents have given their neutral opinion & 5.3% of the


CHART -6.6

opening of respondents based on the facility

opening of respondents based on the facility

dissatisfiedneutralsatisfiedhighly satisfied

Fre

qu

en

cy

30

20

10

0

TABLE-6.7

Transport facility



Satisfied 34 45.3

Neutral 17 22.7

Dissatisfied 11 14.7

Total 75 100

Inference:-


transport facility provided by the company. It seen that only 17.3% of the respondents

have shown a highly satisfied, 45.3% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 22.7% of

the respondents have given their neutral opinion & 14.7% of the respondents have shown

dissatisfied.

CHART -6.7

TABLE-6.8

Library

Inference:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with library

facility provided by the company. It seen that only 9.3% of the respondents have shown

a highly satisfied, 18.7% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 37.3% of the

respondents have given their neutral opinion & 34.7 % of the respondents have shown

dissatisfied.

CHART -6.8

TABLE-6.9

Drinking water

No. of respondents PercentHighly satisfied 7 9.3

Satisfied 14 18.7

Neutral 28 37.3


Total 75 100

No. of respondentsPercent

Highly satisfied 18 24Satisfied 22 29.3

Neutral 11 14.7

Dissatisfied 24 32

Total 75 100

Inference:-


drinking water facility provided by the company. It seen that only 24% of the

respondents have shown a highly satisfied, 29.3% of the respondents have shown



CHART -6.9

TABLE-6.10

Preventive and guidance chart (safety charts, accident zone)

Inference:-


preventive guidance chart facility provided by the company. It seen that only 25.3% of

the respondents have shown a highly satisfied, 42.7% of the respondents have shown

satisfied, 14.7% of the respondents have given their neutral opinion & 17.3% of

thespondents have shown dissatisfied.

CHART -6.10

TABLE-6.11



Neutral 11 14.7


Total 75 100.0

Leave benefits



Neutral 10 13.3

Dissatisfied 2 2.7

Total 75 100

Inference:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with leave

benefits provided by the company. It seen that only 33.3% of the respondents have


respondents have given their neutral opinion & 2.7% of the respondents have shown

dissatisfied.

CHART -6.11

TABLE-6.12

Ambulance room

Inference:-


ambulance room facility provided by the company. It seen that only 29.3% of the




CHART -6.12

TABLE-6.13

No. of respondents

Percent


Satisfied 41 54.7

Neutral 7 9.3

Dissatisfied 5 6.7

Total 75 100

Technical tour program

Inference:-


technical tour program provided by the company. It seen that only 25.3% of the


satisfied, 16% of the respondents have given their neutral opinion & 20% of the


CHART -6.13



Satisfied 29 16

Neutral 12 38.7


Total 75 100

TABLE-6.14

Bonus

Inference:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with bonus

provided by the company. It seen that only 40% of the respondents have shown a highly

satisfied, 40% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 13.3% of the respondents have

given their neutral opinion & 6.7% of the respondents have shown dissatisfied.

CHART -6.14


Highly satisfied 30 40

Satisfied 30 40

Neutral 10 13.3

Dissatisfied 5 6.7

Total 75 100

TABLE-6.15

Satisfaction level of higher education facility to children

No. of respondents

Percent


Satisfied 4 32.0

Neutral 16 21.3


Total 75 100

Inference:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with higher

education in your organization provided by the company. It seen that only 29.3% of the

respondents have shown a highly satisfied, 32% of the respondents have shown



CHART -6.15

TABLE-6.16

Gratuity

Inference:-


gratuity provided by the company. It seen that only 29.3% of the respondents have

shown a highly satisfied, 50.7% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 12% of the

respondents have given their neutral opinion & 8% of the respondents have shown

dissatisfied.

CHART -6.16

TABLE-6.17

Festival advance



Satisfied 38 50.7

Neutral 9 12.00

Dissatisfied 6 8.0

Total 75 100.0

Inference:-


festival advance provided by the company. It seen that only 26.7% of the respondents

have shown a highly satisfied, 60% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 10.7% of


dissatisfied.

CHART -6.17

TABLE-6.18

Provident fund



Satisfied 45 60.0

Neutral 8 10.7

Dissatisfied 2 2.7

Total 75 100

No. of respondents

Percent

Highly satisfied 17 22.7 Satisfied 40 53.3

Neutral 11 14.7

Dissatisfied 7 9.3

Total 75 100

Inference:-


provident fund provided by the company. It seen that only 22.7% of the respondents

have shown a highly satisfied, 53.3% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 14% of


dissatisfied.

CHART - 6.18

TABLE - 6.19

Sports and game



Satisfied 2 30.7

Neutral 17 22.7Dissatisfied 26 34.7

Total 75 100

Inference:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with sports

and game provided by the company. It seen that only 12% of the respondents have


respondents have given their neutral opinion & 34.7% of the respondents have shown

dissatisfied.

CHART -6.19

TABLE-6.20

Medical benefits to family members



Satisfied 36 48.0

Neutral 10 13.3


Total 75 100

Inference:-


family members for getting re-imbursement of medical treatment facility provided by the

company. It seen that only 25.3% of the respondents have shown a highly satisfied, 48%

of the respondents have shown satisfied, 13.3% of the respondents have given their

neutral opinion & 13.3% of the respondents have shown dissatisfied.

CHART -6.20

TABLE-6.21

Water supply



Satisfied 41 54.7

Neutral 7 9.3


Total 75 100.0

Inference:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with water

supply facility provided by the company. It seen that only 22.7% of the respondents

have shown a highly satisfied, 54.7% of the respondents have shown satisfied, 9.3% of


dissatisfied.

CHART -6.21

TABLE-6.22

Suggestion boxes

No. of respondents

Percent


Satisfied 25 33.3

Neutral 15 20.0


Total 75 100

Inference:-

Out of the 75 respondents surveyed to determine the welfare measure with water

suggestion boxes facility provided by the company. It seen that only 20% of the


satisfied, 20% of the respondents have given their neutral opinion & 26.7% of the


CHART -6.22

7.1.1 WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD

The respondents are asked about some factors listed below in the organization.

Their level of attitude of those factors are calculated below.

TABLE No: 7.1.A

HS S N DSSports and game

9 2 17 26

Family and treatment

19 36 10 10

Water 17 41 7 10

suggestion 15 25 15 20

Source:Primary Data

Table 7.1.B

POINT WEIGHTAGE

4 3 2 1

FACTORS H.S S N D TOTAL AVG RANK

SPORTS AND GAME 36 6 34 20 96 1.36 4

FAMILY TREATMENT 76 108 20 10 214 2.85 2

WATER68 123 14 10 215 2.866 1

SUGGESTION60 75 30 20 185 2.466 3

Source: Primary Data

INFERENCE

The above table infers that the company gives more weight age first to the water,

second to the family treatment, third to the suggestion, and finally to the sports and

game. This shows that the employees are very much satisfied with their working

environment.

CORRELATION

Table no.1

Good ventilation facility and proper air condition & working environment and facility is safe

X Y X=x-x Y=y-y X2 Y2 xy

19 19 0.25 0.25 0.0625 0.0625 0.0625

44 37 25.25 18.25 637.562 351.5625 460.812

7 11 -11.75 -7.25 138.0625 60.0625 91.0625

5 8 -13.75 -10.75 189.062 115.5625 147.8125

total 964.6865 525.25 699.7495

R=∑XY /√∑X2.Y2

R=0.983

Inference:

The positive correlation between good ventilation facility and proper air condition & working environment and facility is safe.

Table no. 2

Transport facility & first aid and accident facility

X Y X=x-x Y=y-y X2 Y2 Xy

13 20 -5.75 1.25 33.062 1.562 -7.187

34 33 15.25 14.25 232.0562 203.062 217.312

17 7 -1.75 -11.75 3.062 138.062 -20.562

11 15 -7.75 -3.75 60.062 14.062 -29.062

total 328.748 356.748 160.534

R=∑XY /√∑X2.Y2R= 0.728

Inference

The positive correlation between Transport facility and First aid accident facility.

CHAPTER-VI

FINDINGS

Findings from the study

The respondents are the workers of Pondicherry co-op sugar mills. The majority of

the respondents are working as a helper and operator few of the respondent from other

employer like fitter and foreman

Satisfaction level

Overall nearly half of the respondents are satisfaction with welfare measures

provided by the management.

Other findings

58.7% of respondents were satisfied with the following facility ,first aid

facility,good ventilation and heat control, working environment facility.

More than 41.3% showns their positive opinion on seating arrangement &

temperature facilities provided in the mill

Only 33.3 % respondent were just satisfied on the facilities offered by company at

the time maternity benefits

Nearly 45.3 % of the respondent are satisfied with transport facilities

Only 37.3 % of the respondents are no opinion with library

Majority of respondent really satisfied with preventive and guidance chart

Majority of employees are satisfied regarding the leave benefits. Nearly 50.3 %

have expressed positive opinion on gratuity. 53.3 % and 60 % have positive

opinion on festival advance

54.7 % of the respondent are satisfied with ambulance a room

40% of respondents are Highly satisfied with bonus.

32.3% of respondent were satisfied with higher education in your organization for

your children.

48% of respondent were satisfied with family members for getting re-imbursement

of medical treatment facility provided in mill.

Regarding sports, game and water, the dissatisfied and satisfied on 34.7% and

54.7% respectively.

Weighted average method

From the weighted average analysis water supply provided by organization

ranks first.

CORRELATION

From the analysis correlation it is found that there is perfect correlation between

good ventilation facility and proper air condition & working environment and facility

is safe.

From the analysis correlation it is found that there is perfect correlation between

transport facility & first aid and accident facility.

SUGGESTION AND RECOMMANDATION:

It would be encouraging if Pondicherry co-op sugar mills increase the amount

spent on welfare schemes like transport facility, medical, canteen, etc.

Management must make necessary arrangements for periodic medical check-

up, so that occupational diseases can be diagnosed earlier and necessary

treatments can be given to the concerned workers.

Pondicherry co-op sugar mills having educational institution for their

employees.

Proper drinking water should be provided by the company for workers safety

measures should be improved.

Regarding the working conditions of the mill, most of the workers are

satisfied. The management of the mill should take necessary steps to fix

exhaust fan, air machine etc, in essential places in the mill.

CHAPTER-VII

CONCLUSION

Employer’s are more than willing to understand the employee’s requirement and

design their welfare packages and employee benefits programmers accordingly. The time

for them to understand the changes in employee needs and bridge the gap. Employers

should understand what employees want and compensate them accordingly.

WHAT EMPLOYEES WANT

Library

Drinking water

Sports and game

Technical Tour programme

Preventive Guidance chart

Thus the focus of welfare polity should be on these factors. If the organizations

want to achieve the aim of attracting and retaining suitable talent from the labour market.

If the organization is not competitors will pay the field and win the game.

CHAPER-VIII

8.1 LIMITATION OF STUDY

Most of the respondent were not frank enough to answer certain question.

The research was conducted with minimum sample of 75.

The important constraint of time and cost was definite limiting factor.

8.2 SCOPE OF STUDY

The study was conducted at Pondicherry co-operative sugar mills,

Lingareddipalayam, Pondicherry.

In order to find out the level of welfare measure provided by management

All available welfare measures of the company was taken into consideration for

the purpose.

APPENDIX

ANNEXURE I

BIBLIOGRAPHY

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Research methodology- C.R.Kothari, New age international (p) limited

Publishers New Delhi.

2. Business law-N.D.Kapoor Elements of industrial law.

WEBSITES:

1. www.poncosugar.com

http://www.poncosugar.com/

ANNEXURE II

STUDY ON LABOUR WELFARE MEASURES IN PONDICHERRY CO-OP SUGAR MILLS,

LINGARADDIPALAYAM, PUDUCHERRY

Questionnaire

Name [if willing] : Age : Sex : Experience : Status of job :

1.The first aid facility and Accident measures are available

HS S N DS

2.Organisation is having good ventilation facility and proper air conditional & Heat control

HS S N DS

3.Are you satisfied with the working environment and facility is safe.

HS S N DS

4.Are you satisfied with canteen facilities

HS S N DS

5.Are you satisfied with housing facilities

HS S N DS 6.Are you satisfied with seating arrangement & temperature facilities

HS S N DS

HS Highly Satisfied S Satisfied N Neutral DS Dissatisfied

7.Are you satisfied with the facilities offered by the company at the time maternity benefits.

HS S N DS

8.Are you satisfied with Transport facilities

HS S N DS

9.I am happy with the following facilities

HS S N DSLibrary

Toilet

Drinking water

10.Preventive and guidance chart are shown us (Safety charts, accident zone, work &handling procedure)

HS S N DS

11.Are you satisfied with the leave benefits

HS S N DS

12. Are you satisfied with the ambulance a room

HS S N DS

HS Highly Satisfied S Satisfied

N Neutral DS Dissatisfied

13. Are you satisfied with technical tour program

HS S N DS

14.Are you satisfied with bonus

HS S N DS

15.Are you satisfied with higher education in your organization for in your children.

HS S N DS

16. Are you satisfied with Gratuity

HS S N DS

17 Are you satisfied with festival advance

HS S N DS

18.Are you satisfied with the percentage of provident fund you have been provided HS S N DS



19.Are they conducting any sports and game

HS S N DS

20.Are you satisfied with group member policy under your family members for getting re-imburesment of medical treatment

HS S N DS

21.Are you satisfied with the water supply

HS S N DS

22.Are you satisfied with suggestion boxes

HS S N DS

Your suggestions:


a study on labour welfare measures

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